考研考博-英語-保險職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-保險職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thearmytrainingexercisesendedwitha（

）battle.

問題1選項

A.mock

B.fantastic

C.simultaneous

D.imaginary

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。mock意為“不誠實的，模擬的”；fantastic意為“極好的，富于想象的”；simultaneous意為“同時發(fā)生的，同時存在的”；imaginary意為“想象中的，幻想的”。

句意：軍隊訓(xùn)練演習(xí)以一場模擬戰(zhàn)結(jié)束。

2.單選題

Mostnursesarewomen,butinthehigherranksofthemedicalprofessionwomenareina（

）.

問題1選項

A.scarcity

B.minority

C.minimum

D.shortage

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。scarcity“不足，缺乏”；minority“少數(shù)，少數(shù)派”；minimum“最小值”；shortage“不足，缺少”。句意：大部分護(hù)士是女性，但是在更高級別的醫(yī)療職業(yè)中，女性卻只有少數(shù)。選項B符合題意。

3.單選題

Nooneinthe____apartmentwasawakedbytheirquarrellingsounds.

問題1選項

A.approached

B.distant

C.neighbor

D.adjacent

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.approached臨近（過去式或過去分詞）B.distant遠(yuǎn)的

C.neighbor鄰居n.D.adjacent相鄰的

【答案】D

【考查點】語義銜接與近義詞辨析

【解題思路】原句語義為“____公寓里沒有人被他們的爭吵聲吵醒。”按照語義和選項推測，爭吵聲吵醒的應(yīng)該是臨近公寓的人，該處所填詞應(yīng)該是一個形容詞，修飾公寓。D選項adjacent“相鄰的”符合要求。

【干擾項排除】

A選項approached“臨近（過去式或過去分詞）”，動詞，不做定語修飾“公寓”；

B選項distant“遠(yuǎn)的”，不符合語義銜接；

C選項neighbor“鄰居”，名詞，不能直接修飾公寓。

【句意】他們的吵鬧聲沒有吵醒隔壁公寓的人。

4.單選題

Thegirlwas（

）ashopassistant;sheisnowamanagerinalargedepartment.

問題1選項

A.preliminarily

B.presumably

C.formally

D.formerly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。Preliminarily“初步地”；presumably“大概，推測起來”；formally“正式地”；formerly“以前，原來”。句意：這個女孩之前是商店的助理，現(xiàn)在是一個大部門的經(jīng)理。選項D符合題意。

5.單選題

HarvardUniversityandMITare______thefourthandfifthlargestemployersinthearea.

問題1選項

A.representatively

B.respectively

C.respectably

D.respectfully

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.representatively典型地B.respectively分別地，各自地

C.respectably相當(dāng)好地，可敬地D.respectfully尊敬地

【考查點】副詞辨析。

【解題思路】由空格后面的thefourthandfifthlargestemployers（第四大和第五大雇主）可知，“分別地”符合句子意思。因此，B項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項不符合句子意思。

【句意】哈佛大學(xué)和麻省理工學(xué)院分別是該地區(qū)第四大和第五大雇主。

6.單選題

Inthemid-nineteenthcentury,workbeganonacrucialsectionoftherailwaylineconnectingBostontotheHudsonRiver.Theadditionwould（1）fromGreenfield,Massachusetts,toTroy,NewYork,anditrequiredtunnelling（2）HoosacMountain,a（3）impediment,nearlyfivemilesthick,thatblockedthe（4）betweentheDeerfieldValleyandatributaryoftheHudson.

JamesHayward,oneofNewEngland’sleadingrailroadengineers,estimatedthatpenetratingtheHoosacwouldcost,（5），averymanageabletwomilliondollars.ThepresidentofAmherstCollege，（6）geologist，saidthatthemountainwascomposedofsoftrockand（7）tunnellingwouldbefairlyeasy（8）theengineershadbreachedthesurface.“TheHoosacisbelievedtobetheonlybarrierbetweenBostonandthePacific，”theproject’spromoter,AlvahCrocker,（9）.

Everyonewaswrong.DiggingthroughtheHoosacturnedouttobea（10）Theprojectcostmorethantentimesthebudgeted（11）Ifthepeopleinvolved（12）thetruenatureofthechallengestheyfaced，theywouldneverhavefundedtheTroy-Greenfieldrailroad.（13），hadtheynot，thefactoriesofnorthwesternMassachusettswouldn’thavebeenabletoshiptheirgoodssoeasilytotheexpandingWest,the（14）offreightwouldhaveremainedstubbornlyhigh,andthestateofMassachusettswouldhavebeen（15）poorer.

問題1選項

A.spread

B.run

C.derive

D.range

問題2選項

A.beyond

B.over

C.around

D.through

問題3選項

A.miraculous

B.massive

C.redundant

D.collective

問題4選項

A.framework

B.partition

C.interaction

D.passage

問題5選項

A.atpresent

B.atleast

C.atmost

D.inparticular

問題6選項

A.anideal

B.afulfilled

C.adelighted

D.anaccomplished

問題7選項

A.that

B.whether

C.how

D.where

問題8選項

A.once

B.while

C.since

D.lest

問題9選項

A.declined

B.detected

C.declared

D.denied

問題10選項

A.fantasy

B.possibility

C.nightmare

D.feat

問題11選項

A.estimate

B.finance

C.operation

D.clearance

問題12選項

A.haveknown

B.hadknown

C.wouldknow

D.knew

問題13選項

A.And

B.Or

C.But

D.Thus

問題14選項

A.storage

B.maintenance

C.delivery

D.cost

問題15選項

A.incurably

B.immeasurably

C.impossibly

D.immediately

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:A

第9題:C

第10題:C

第11題:A

第12題:B

第13題:C

第14題:D

第15題:B

【解析】（1）考查動詞詞義辨析。spread“傳播”；run“經(jīng)營；奔跑；使延展”；derive“源于；獲得”；range“（在一定范圍內(nèi)）變動”。文章第一句提到”19世紀(jì)中期，連接波士頓和哈德遜河的一段重要鐵路開始動工”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息Greenfield,toTroy可知該鐵路是從格林菲爾德延伸至特洛伊，因此選項B符合題意。

（2）考查介詞詞義辨析。beyond“超過，越過”；over“在……上面”；around“在……周圍”；through“穿過，通過”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐切藿ㄟ@段鐵路需要穿過Hoosac山的隧道，因此選項D符合題意。

（3）考查形容詞詞義辨析。miraculous“不可思議的”；massive“大量的”；redundant“多余的，過剩的”；collective“集體的，共同的”。前面提到修建鐵路需要穿過Hoosac山，a______impediment是HoosacMountain的同位語，因此四個形容詞中只有選項B符合題意。

（4）考查名詞詞義辨析。framework“框架；結(jié)構(gòu)”；partition“劃分，分開”；interaction“相互作用，相互影響”；passage“（建筑物）通道；路段”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐荋oosac山阻礙了DeerfieldValley與哈德遜河一個支流的連接，因此選項D符合題意。

（5）考查介詞詞組辨析。atpresent“目前，現(xiàn)在”；atleast“至少”；atmost“至多”；inparticular“尤其，特別”?？崭裉幩诰渥又饕v述了工程師JamesHayward認(rèn)為打通Hoosac山的花費至多兩百萬美元，因此選項C符合題意。

（6）考查形容詞詞義辨析。ideal“理想的”；fulfilled“滿足的”；delighted“高興的；令人愉快的”；accomplished“完成的；熟練的”?？崭裉幦笔У膯卧~作為名詞geologist(地質(zhì)學(xué)家)的定語，選項D符合題意。

（7）考查連接詞的使用。空格處后是一個完整的句子，且不缺成分，所以可以判斷空格處需要填入一個連接詞引導(dǎo)一個從句，連接詞不做任何成分，做said的賓語，所以是一個賓語從句。再根據(jù)句意可知選項A符合題意。

（8）考查連詞詞義辨析。once“一旦”；while“與……同時”；since“自……以來；因為”；lest“唯恐，以免”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐且坏┕こ處焸兇蛲松襟w表面，穿過Hoosac山的隧道就變得容易了。因此可知選項A符合題意。

（9）考查動詞詞義辨析。decline“下降；謝絕”；detect“察覺；發(fā)現(xiàn)”；declare“宣布；聲明”；deny“否認(rèn)；拒絕”?？崭裉幩诰渥拥拇笠馐氰F路的贊助者AlvahCrocker宣稱Hoosac被認(rèn)為是波士頓和太平洋之間唯一的阻礙，根據(jù)句意可知選項C符合題意。

（10）考查名詞詞義辨析。fantasy“幻想；幻覺”；possibility“可能性”；nightmare“噩夢”；feat“功績，壯舉”。前面提到開通隧道是件容易的事情，但是根據(jù)everyonewaswrong可知事情進(jìn)行得并不順利，因此選項C符合題意：開鑿Hoosac山非常艱難，像噩夢一般。

（11）考查詞義辨析。estimate“估算”；finance“供給經(jīng)費”；operation“操作”；clearance“清除”。前面提到這個項目估計花費200萬美元，但實際上比估算的要多出十倍，因此選項A符合題意。

（12）考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)后半句話theywouldneverhavefundedtheTroy-Greenfieldrailroad（他們絕不會資助這個項目），可知這句話表示的是與過去事實相反，因此選項B符合題意。

（13）考查邏輯關(guān)系。前面一句提到假如這些人知道這個項目如此艱難，他們就不會投資這個項目，而此句提到如果沒有這些人提供資金，馬薩諸塞州西北部的工廠就不可能如此輕易地將貨物運送到西部，這兩句話前后是一個轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此選項C符合題意。

（14）考查名詞詞義辨析。storage“存儲，倉庫”；maintenance“維護(hù)，維修”；delivery“遞送”；cost“費用，成本，代價”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息remainedstubbornlyhigh此處講述的是運輸成本非常高，因此選項D符合題意。

（15）考查副詞詞義辨析。incurably“治不好地”；immeasurably“無限地，廣大無邊地”；impossibly“不可能地”；immediately“立即；立刻”。前面提到如果沒有那些人的資金支持，馬薩諸塞州西北部的工廠就不可能如此輕易地將貨物運送到西部，而當(dāng)?shù)乜隙ㄒ矔兊迷絹碓礁F，因此選項B符合題意。

7.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingpassageandthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsintoChinese.

Storiesabouttheproblemsoftourismhavebecomelegioninthelastfewyears.Yetitdoesnothavetobeaproblem.

Althoughtourisminevitablyaffectstheregioninwhichittakesplace,thecoststothesefragileenvironmentsandtheirlocalculturesashashappenedwiththeSperpasofNepal’sKhumbuValleyandinsomeAlpinevillages.Andagrowingnumberofadventuretourismoperatorsaretryingtoensurethattheiractivitiesbenefitthelocalpopulationandenvironmentoverthelongterm.

IntheSwissAlpscommunitieshavedecidedthattheirfuturedependsonintegratingtourismmoreeffectivelywiththelocaleconomy.LocalconcernabouttherisingnumberofsecondhomedevelopmentintheSwissPaysd’Enhautresultedinlimitsbeingimposedontheirgrowth.Therehasalsobeenarenaissanceincommunalcheeseproductioninthearea,providingthelocalswithareliablesourceofincomethatdoesnotdependonoutsidevisitors.

ManyoftheArctictouristdestinationshavebeenexploitedbyoutsidecompanies,whoemploytransientworkersandrepatriatemostoftheprofitstotheirhomebase.ButsomeArcticcommunitiesarenowoperatingtourbusinessesthemselves,therebyensuringthatthebenefitsaccruelocally.Forinstance,anativecorporationinAlaska,employinglocalpeople,isrunninganairtourfromAnchoragetoKotzebue,wheretouristseatArcticfood,walkonthetundraandwatchlocalmusiciansanddancers.

NativepeopleinthedesertregionsoftheAmericanSouthwesthavefollowedsimilarstrategies,encouragingtouriststovisittheirpueblosandreservationstopurchasehigh-qualityhandicraftsandartwork.TheAcomaandSanIldefonsopuebloshaveestablishedhighlyprofitablepotterybusinesses,whiletheNavajoandHopigroupshavebeensimilarlysuccessfulwithjewelry.

Toomanypeoplelivinginfragileenvironmentshavelostcontrolovertheireconomies,theircultureandtheirenvironmentwhentourismhaspenetratedtheirhomelands.Merelyrestrictingtourismcannotbethesolutiontotheimbalance,becausepeople’sdesiretoseenewplaceswillnotjustdisappear.Instead,communitiesinfragileenvironmentsmustachievegreatercontrolovertourismventuresintheirregionsinordertobalancetheirneedsandaspirationswiththedemandsoftourism.Agrowingnumberofcommunitiesaredemonstratingthat,withfirmcommunaldecision-making,thisispossible.Thecriticalquestionnowiswhetherthiscanbecomethenorm,ratherthantheexception.

【答案】在過去的幾年里，有關(guān)旅游業(yè)問題的報道層出不窮。然而，這并不一定是一個問題。

在瑞士阿爾卑斯地區(qū)的社區(qū)已經(jīng)明確，他們的未來取決于更有效地將旅游業(yè)與當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)合起來。

該地區(qū)的公共奶酪生產(chǎn)也出現(xiàn)了復(fù)興，為當(dāng)?shù)厝颂峁┝瞬灰蕾囃鈦碛慰偷目煽渴杖雭碓础?/p>

僅僅限制旅游業(yè)不能解決這種不平衡，因為人們對新地方觀光的渴望不會消失。

現(xiàn)在問題的關(guān)鍵是，這能否成為常態(tài)，而不是例外。

8.單選題

Inanenvironmentallyconscioustweakonthetypicalwayofgettingfoodtothetable,growingnumbersofpeopleareskippingoutongrocerystoresandevenfarmersmarketsandinsteadgoingrighttothesourcebybuyingsharesoffarms.

Ononeofthefarms,hereabout35mileswestofChicago,SteveTriskowasweedingbeetstheotherdayandcuttingbackashadetreesobabytomatoescouldgetsunlight.Mr.Triskoisaretiredcomputerconsultantwhoownssharesinthefour-acreErehwonFarm.

“Wedecidedthatit’sinourinteresttohaveasmallfarmsucceed,andhavethembeabletohaveasustainablefarmproducinggoodfood,”Mr.Triskosaid.

PartofaloosebutgrowingnetworkmostlymobilizedontheInternet,Erehwonisparticipatinginwhatisknownascommunity-supportedagriculture.About150peoplehaveboughtsharesinErehwon—inessence,hiringpersonalfarmersandturningtheoldnotionofsharecroppingonitshead.

TheconceptwasimportedfromEuropeandAsiainthe1980sasanalternativemarketingandfinancingarrangementtohelpcombattheoftenprohibitivecostsofsmall-scalefarming.Butuntilrecently,itwasslowtotakeroot.Therewerefewerthan100suchfarmsintheearly1990s,butinthelastseveralyearsthenumbershavegrowntocloseto1,500,accordingtoacademicexpertswhohavefollowedthetrend.

“Ithinkpeoplearebecomingmorelocal-minded,andthisfitsrightintothat,”saidNicholeD.Nazelrod,programcoordinatorattheFultonCenterforSustainableLivingatWilsonCollegeinChambersburg,Pa.,anationalclearinghouseforcommunity-supportedfarms.“Peopleareseeingwaystocometogetherandworktogethertomakethissuccessful.”

TheshareholdersofErehwonFarmhaveopenaccesstothelandandaguaranteedpercentageoftheseason’sharvestoffruitandvegetablesforpackagesthatrangefromabout$300to$900.Arrangementsoffresh-cutblossomstwiceamonthcanbeincludedforanextra$120—orforthedeluxepackage,$220will“feedthesoul”withweeklybouquetsofliliesandsunflowersandotherlocalblooms.

Shareholdersarenotrequiredtoworkthefields,buttheycaniftheywant,andmanydo.Mr.Triskosaidhisfamilyknowsthatwithouthisvolunteerlaborandagreementtoshareinthefinancialriskofraisingcrops,thesmallorganicfarmmightnotsurvive.“It’sveryhardforthemtomakeendsmeet,”hesaid,“soIdecidedtogooutandhelp.Weharvest,water,pullweeds,whatevertheyneeddoing.”

Erehwon—theword“nowhere”spelledbackward—startedwithtwoshareholders,reacheditsgoalof140lastyear,andnowhasraiseditstargettoabout200members.

1.Accordingtothepassage,growingnumbersofpeoplebuysharesoffarmsbecausethey（）.

2.ErehwonFarmdiffersfromthetraditionalfarmsinthatitis（）.

3.Wemayinferfromthepassagethatcommunity-sponsoredfarm（）.

4.TheaverageshareholdersofErehwonFarmareentitledto（）.

5.ItisimpliedthatErehwonFarm（）.

問題1選項

A.areconsciousofenvironmentalproblems

B.abandonthetypicalwayofgettingfoodtothetable

C.nolongerdependongrocerystoresandfarmersmarkets

D.liketogrowvegetablesthemselvesinthesuburbanfarms

問題2選項

A.verysmall

B.veryefficient

C.community-supportedagriculture

D.sharedbypeoplefromdifferentplaces

問題3選項

A.isanewconceptemergingintheU.S.A

B.hastocombatwithsmall-scalefarming

C.isgraduallytakingshapeinAmericanagriculture

D.isverypopularasboomingagricultureintheU.S.A

問題4選項

A.cometogetherandworktogetheronthefarm

B.getaguaranteedpercentageoftheseason’sharvestoffruitandvegetables

C.enjoypackagesthatrangefromabout$300to$900

D.buy$120-$220fresh-cutblossomstwiceamonth

問題5選項

A.comesfromthebackwardspelledword“nowhere”

B.isafictionalnameandthereisnosuchafarmintheU.S.A

C.it’sveryhardtosurviveowingtoitssmallsize

D.developssoundly,inspiteofitsfinancialdifficulties

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文第一自然段的內(nèi)容“環(huán)保意識改變了將食物端上桌的傳統(tǒng)方式，相反，越來越多的人轉(zhuǎn)向了雜貨店甚至農(nóng)貿(mào)市場，通過購買農(nóng)場的股份來直接獲取來源。”由此可知，越來越多的人買農(nóng)場股份是受到環(huán)保意識的影響，所以選項A正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“PartofaloosebutgrowingnetworkmostlymobilizedontheInternet,Erehwonisparticipatinginwhatisknownascommunity-supportedagriculture.Erehwon是松散卻不斷壯大的網(wǎng)絡(luò)的一部分，主要通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)動員起來，他參與的是所謂的社區(qū)支持農(nóng)業(yè)?！币约氨径巫詈笠痪洹癷nessence,hiringpersonalfarmersandturningtheoldnotionofsharecroppingonitshead.從本質(zhì)上說，就是雇傭私人農(nóng)場主，顛覆舊的佃農(nóng)制度。”由此可知，Erehwon農(nóng)場和傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)場的不同之處在于它是社區(qū)支持的農(nóng)業(yè)，選項C符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文第五段第一句“TheconceptwasimportedfromEuropeandAsiainthe1980sasanalternativemarketingandfinancingarrangementtohelpcombattheoftenprohibitivecostsofsmall-scalefarming.這一概念是在20世紀(jì)80年代從歐洲和亞洲引進(jìn)的，作為一種替代性的銷售和籌資安排，來幫助克服小規(guī)模農(nóng)業(yè)通常高昂的費用?！庇纱丝芍?，這不是一個新的概念，而且是來幫助而不是來和小規(guī)模農(nóng)場競爭的，所以選項A和選項B均表述錯誤；根據(jù)本段第二句“Butuntilrecently,itwasslowtotakeroot.但直到最近，它才慢慢生根發(fā)芽”可知，這一概念剛剛生根發(fā)芽，還沒有初步成形，所以選項C錯誤；根據(jù)本段最后一句的內(nèi)容可知，像Erehwon這樣的農(nóng)場由以前的不到100家到現(xiàn)在增長到接近1500家，說明社區(qū)支持的農(nóng)業(yè)在美國蓬勃發(fā)展的農(nóng)業(yè)非常受歡迎。所以選項D符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的第一句“TheshareholdersofErehwonFarmhaveopenaccesstothelandandaguaranteedpercentageoftheseason’sharvestoffruitandvegetablesforpackagesthatrangefromabout$300to$900.ErehwonFarm的股東可以自由使用土地，并保證獲得當(dāng)季水果和蔬菜收成的一定比例，金額從300美元到900美元不等?！庇纱丝芍x項B符合原文。選項A目前還沒有實現(xiàn)；選項C曲解了原文的意思；選項D不是普通股東享有的權(quán)利，所以只有選項B正確。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段首句“Erehwon—theword“nowhere”spelledbackward…Erehwon這個詞是由‘nowhere’倒著寫的”，由此可知，選項A符合原文。選項B在文中沒有信息提及；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，Erehwon農(nóng)場不是由于規(guī)模小而無法生存，屬于曲解原文句意，所以選項C不正確；原文也沒有提及財政問題，所以選項D也不正確。

9.單選題

3.

問題1選項

A.Sheneedaphysicalexamination.

B.Sheisingoodhealth.

C.It’sgoodtohaveadoctorfriend.

D.It’sgoodtovisitthedoctor.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Whenyouneedahealthcheckup,justcallme.It’stotallyfree.

W:It’sgreathavingadoctoraround.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。男士說需要體檢時打個電話給他，免費的。女士回答說身邊有個醫(yī)生很好。

10.單選題

Ihavelongbelievedthattroublebetweentheracesisseldomwhatitappearstobe.Itwasnothardtoseeaftermyfirsttalkswithstudentsthatracialtensiononcampusisaproblemthatmisrepresentsitself.Ithasthesamelook,thetypicalpattern,ofAmerica’stimelessracialconflict—whiteracismandblackprotest.AndIthinkpartofourconcernoveritcomesfromthefactthatithasthefeelofarelapse,illnessgoneandcomeagain.Butifweareseeingthesamesymptoms,Idon’tbelievewearedealingwiththesameillness.Foronething,Ithinkracialtensiononcampusistheresultmoreofracialequalitythaninequality.

HowtolivewithracialdifferencehasbeenAmerica’sprofoundsocialproblem.Forthefirst100yearsorsofollowingemancipationitwascontrolledbyalegallyapprovedinequalitythatactedasabufferbetweentheraces.Nolongeristhisthecase.Oncampusestoday,asthroughoutsociety,blacksenjoyequalityunderthelaw—aprofoundsocialadvancement.Nostudentmaybekeptoutofaclassoradormitoryoranextracurricularactivitybecauseofhisorherrace.Butthereisaparadoxhere.Onacampuswheremembersofallracesaregathered,mixedtogetherintheclassroomaswellassocially,differencesaremoreexposedthanever.Andthisiswherethetroublestarts.Formembersofeachraceyoungadultscomingintotheirown,oftenawayfromhomeforthefirsttimebringtothissiteoffreedom,exploration,andnow,today,equality,verydeepfearsandanxieties,notfullydevelopedfeelingsofracialshame,anger,andguilt.Thesefeelingscouldliehiddeninthehome,infamiliarneighborhoods,insimplerdaysofchildhood.Butthecollegecampus,withitsstructuresofinteractionandadult-levelcompetition一thebigexam,thedorm,the“mixer”—isanothermatter.Ithinkcampusracismisbornoftherubbetweenracialdifferenceandasetting,thecampusitself,devotedtointeractionandequality.Onourcampuses,suchconcentratedmicro-societies,allthatremainsunresolvedbetweenblacksandwhites,alltheoldwoundsandshamesthathaveneverbeenaddressed,presentthemselvesforattention-andpresentouryouthwithpressurestheycannotalwayshandle.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,（）.

2.Nowadaysracialtensiononcampusmostprobablystartswith（）.

3.Thephrase“comingintotheirown’’onLine8ofParagraph2probablymeans（）.

4.Whenyoungadultsentercollegeforthefirsttime,（）.

5.Thepassageismainlyabout（）.

問題1選項

A.peoplehavemisunderstoodthecausesofracialtension

B.peopledon’tunderstandthecausesofracialtension

C.racialtensionkeepsthesametypicalpatterninhistory

D.racialtensiononcampusisthesameasracialtensioninsociety

問題2選項

A.racialinequality

B.suddenawarenessofracialdifferences

C.whiteracism

D.racialinteractionandcompetition

問題3選項

A.enteringtheirownhomes

B.showingtheirownvalues

C.enteringtheirowncolleges

D.havingtheirownproblems

問題4選項

A.theybringfreedomandexplorationtocampus

B.theysufferfromracialinequalityanddifferences

C.theybringwiththemfear,anxietyandotherfeelings

D.theysufferfromcompetitionsinbigexams

問題5選項

A.racialinequalityinAmericansociety

B.racialtensioninAmericansociety

C.racialequalityoncampusandinsociety

D.thecausesofracialtensiononcampus

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.推理判斷題。由第一段“Ithasthesamelook,thetypicalpattern,ofAmerica’stimelessracialconflict—whiteracismandblackprotest.校園種族矛盾與美國永恒的種族沖突的經(jīng)典模式-白人種族主義與黑人抗議是相同的。”可知種矛盾在歷史上有相同的模式。故C項正確。A項“人們誤解了種族緊張的原因”以及B項“人們不理解種族緊張的原因”是對“Itwasnothardtoseeaftermyfirsttalkswithstudentsthatracialtensiononcampusisaproblemthatmisrepresentsitself.在我第一次與學(xué)生交談后，不難看出校園里的種族緊張是一個誤傳自身的問題。”的曲解。D項文中未提及。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由第二段Butthecollegecampus,withitsstructuresofinteractionandadult-levelcompetition一thebigexam,thedorm,the“mixer”—isanothermatter.Ithinkcampusracismisbornoftherubbetweenracialdifferenceandasetting,thecampusitself,devotedtointeractionandequality.但大學(xué)校園,因其結(jié)構(gòu)為社交和成人水平的競爭——大型考試，宿舍，“大量混合”是另一回事。我認(rèn)為校園種族主義源于種族差異和校園環(huán)境之間的摩擦，校園本身致力于社交和平等?？芍缃裥@種族矛盾是源于社交和競爭，故D項正確。

3.推理判斷題。Formembersofeachraceyoungadultscomingintotheirown,oftenawayfromhomeforthefirsttime…對于每一個不同種族的年輕人來說，他們都是第一次離開家來到大學(xué)…由此可知年輕人是第一次離開家進(jìn)入大學(xué)。故C項正確。

4.推理判斷題。由第二段“Formembersofeachraceyoungadultscomingintotheirown,oftenawayfromhomeforthefirsttimebringtothissiteoffreedom,exploration,andnow,today,equality,verydeepfearsandanxieties,notfullydevelopedfeelingsofracialshame,anger,andguilt.對于每一個不同種族的年輕人來說，他們都是第一次離開家來到大學(xué),他們給這個自由，探索和平等的地方帶來了深深的恐懼和焦慮，以及還未完全發(fā)展的種族羞恥感，憤怒和內(nèi)疚感。”可知年輕人第一次進(jìn)入大學(xué)時，他們帶去了恐懼，憤怒，內(nèi)疚等感情。故C項正確。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要分析了校園種族矛盾的原因，即在一個微型的社會里（校園里）種族平等使以前未解決的問題現(xiàn)在更加明顯地暴露出來。故D項正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

11.單選題

TruthabouttheEnvironmentFormanyenvironmentalists,theworldseemstobegettingworse.Theyhavedevelopedahit-listofourmainfears:thatnaturalresourcesarerunningout,thatthepopulationisevergrowing,leavinglessandlesstoeat;thatspeciesarebecomingextinctinvastnumbers,andthattheplanet'sairandwaterarebecomingevermorepolluted.

Butaquicklookatthefactsshowsadifferentpicture.First,energyandothernaturalresourceshavebecomemoreabundant,notlessso,sincethebookTheLimitstoGrowthwaspublishedin1972byagroupofscientists.Second,morefoodisnowproducedperheadoftheworld'spopulationthanatanytimeinhistory.Fewerpeoplearestarving.Third,althoughspeciesareindeedbecomingextinct,onlyabout0.7%ofthemareexpectedtodisappearinthenext50years,not25%-50%,ashassooftenbeenpredicteD.Andfinally,mostformsofenvironmentalpollutioneitherappeartohavebeenexaggerated,oraretransient—associatedwiththeearlyphasesofindustrializationandthereforebestcurednotbyrestrictingeconomicgrowth,butbyacceleratingit.Oneformofpollution—thereleaseofgreenhousegasesthatcausesglobalwarming—doesappeartobeaphenomenonthatisgoingtoextendwellintoourfuture,butitstotalimpactisunlikelytoposeadevastatingproblem.Abiggerproblemmaywellturnouttobeaninappropriateresponsetoit.

Yetopinionpollssuggestthatmanypeoplenurturethebeliefthatenvironmentalstandardsaredecliningandthreefactorsseemtocausethisdisjunctionbetweenperceptionandreality.

Oneisthelopsidednessbuiltintoscientificresearch.Scientificfundinggoesmainlytoareaswithmanyproblems.Thatmaybeawisepolicy,butitwillalsocreateanimpressionthatmanymorepotentialproblemsexistthanisthecase.

Secondly,environmentalgroupsneedtobenoticedbythemassmediA.Theyalsoneedtokeepthemoneyrollingin.Understandably,perhaps,theysometimesoverstatetheirarguments.In1997,forexample,theWorldWideFundforNatureissuedapressreleaseentitled:"Twothirdsoftheworld'sforestslostforever".Thetruthturnsouttobenearer20%.

Thethirdfactorispoorindividualperception.Peopleworrythattheendlessriseintheamountofstuffeveryonethrowsawaywillcausetheworldtorunoutofplacestodisposeofwaste.Yet,evenifAmerica'strashoutputcontinuestoriseasithasdoneinthepast,andeveniftheAmericanpopulationdoublesby2100,alltherubbishAmericaproducesthroughtheentire21stcenturywillstilltakeuponlyone-12,000thoftheareaoftheentireUnitedStates.

1.Thefirstparagraphintendstoshowthat___.

2.Thefactsandfiguresprovidedinparagraphtwosuggestthat___.

3.Inparagraphfour,thewriterexpresseshisconcernsabout___.

4.ThewriterquotesfromtheWorldWideFundforNaturetoillustratehow___.

5.Whatisthewriter'sviewofAmerica'swasteproblem?

問題1選項

A.theenvironmentisgettingworseandworse

B.theenvironmentproblemsinvolvemanyaspects

C.thewriterdoesnotagreewiththestatements

D.thewriterdrawsapictureofenvironmentproblems

問題2選項

A.thereisamismatchbetweenourunderstandingandreality

B.thebookTheLimitstoGrowthisvaluable

C.thereisaneedtoconductasurveyandcorrectthefigures

D.economicgrowthcanhelpalleviateenvironmentproblems

問題3選項

A.theneedtoproduceresults

B.thelackoffinancialsupport

C.theproblemofscientificresearch

D.thedesiretosolveallproblems

問題4選項

A.influentialthemassmediacanbe

B.effectiveenvironmentalmovementscanbe

C.themassmediacanhelpenvironmentalgroupsraisefunds

D.environmentalactivistscanexaggeratetheirclaims

問題5選項

A.ItwillgetworseasAmerica'spopulationincreases

B.Itisnotasseriousashasbeenassumedtobe

C.Itiscausedbypoorpeople'sconception

D.ItisignoredbecauseUSAislargeinsize

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到原文第一段“Theyhavedevelopedahit-listofourmainfears:thatnaturalresourcesarerunningout,thatthepopulationisevergrowing,leavinglessandlesstoeat;thatspeciesarebecomingextinctinvastnumbers,andthattheplanet'sairandwaterarebecomingevermorepolluted.”中文翻譯為：他們列出了我們主要擔(dān)心的一系列問題：自然資源正在枯竭，人口不斷增長，留下越來越少的食物；物種正在大量地滅絕，地球的空氣和水正變得越來越污染。因此答案為B選項：環(huán)境問題涉及很多方面。

2.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段中“Andfinally,mostformsofenvironmentalpollutioneitherappeartohavebeenexaggerated,oraretransient—associatedwiththeearlyphasesofindustrializationandthereforebestcurednotbyrestrictingeconomicgrowth,butbyacceleratingit.”中文翻譯為：最后，大多數(shù)形式的環(huán)境污染要么是被夸大了，要么是暫時的——與工業(yè)化的早期階段有關(guān)，因此最好的解決辦法不是限制經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，而是加速經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。可知D項“經(jīng)濟(jì)增長有助于緩解環(huán)境問題”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段“Oneisthelopsidednessbuiltintoscientificresearch.Scientificfundinggoesmainlytoareaswithmanyproblems.Thatmaybeawisepolicy,butitwillalsocreateanimpressionthatmanymorepotentialproblemsexistthanisthecase.”中文翻譯為：一是科學(xué)研究固有的不平衡?？茖W(xué)基金主要用于有很多問題的領(lǐng)域。這或許是一項明智的政策，但它也會給人留下這樣一種印象，即存在的潛在問題要比實際情況多得多。因此，C選項“科學(xué)研究問題”最符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第五段“Secondly,environmentalgroupsneedtobenoticedbythemassmedia.Theyalsoneedtokeepthemoneyrollingin.Understandably,perhaps,theysometimesoverstatetheirarguments.In1997,forexample,theWorldWideFundforNatureissuedapressreleaseentitled:"Twothirdsoftheworld'sforestslostforever".Thetruthturnsouttobenearer20%.”，中文翻譯為：其次，環(huán)保組織需要被大眾媒體關(guān)注。他們還需要讓資金源源不斷地流入?；蛟S可以理解，他們有時會夸大自己的論點。例如，1997年，世界自然基金會發(fā)表了一份題為“世界森林的三分之二永遠(yuǎn)消失”的新聞稿。事實是接近20%。

故D選項“環(huán)保人士可能會夸大他們的說法”最符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到尾段“Thethirdfactorispoorindividualperception.Peopleworrythattheendlessriseintheamountofstuffeveryonethrowsawaywillcausetheworldtorunoutofplacestodisposeofwaste.Yet,evenifAmerica'strashoutputcontinuestoriseasithasdoneinthepast,andeveniftheAmericanpopulationdoublesby2100,alltherubbishAmericaproducesthroughtheentire21stcenturywillstilltakeuponlyone-12,000thoftheareaoftheentireUnitedStates.”中文翻譯為：第三個因素是個體知覺差。人們擔(dān)心，每個人都扔掉的東西的數(shù)量無止境的增加，將導(dǎo)致世界耗盡處理垃圾的地方。然而，即使美國的垃圾產(chǎn)量像過去一樣繼續(xù)增長，即使美國人口到2100年翻一番，美國在整個21世紀(jì)所產(chǎn)生的垃圾仍只占美國國土面積的1/12000?？梢缘弥狟項“它不像人們認(rèn)為的那樣嚴(yán)重”最符合。

12.單選題

Hardworkandmalnutrition（

）hishealthandhelookedthinandpale.

問題1選項

A.impaired

B.promoted

C.accelerated

D.smashed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。impair意為“損害，削弱”；promote意為“促進(jìn)，推進(jìn)”；accelerate意為“加快，增速”；smash意為“打碎，打破”。

句意：繁重的工作和營養(yǎng)不良損害了他的健康，他看上去又瘦又蒼白。

13.單選題

Asoneoftheyoungestprofessorsintheuniversity,Mr.Browniscertainlyonthe（）brilliantcareer.

問題1選項

A.porch

B.threshold

C.edge

D.course

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:porch“陽臺”；B:threshold“開端；門檻”；C:edge“邊緣”；D:course“課程；航線”。句意：作為學(xué)院最年輕的教授之一，布朗先生必然是正處于輝煌事業(yè)的起點。結(jié)合語境，故B為正確答案。

14.單選題

Weshouldget（

）tothatnewjournal.

問題1選項

A.asubscription

B.aprescription

C.aninscription

D.aconscription

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。subscription“捐獻(xiàn)，訂閱”；prescription“藥方，指示”；inscription“題詞，銘文”；conscription“征兵”。句意：我們應(yīng)該訂閱那本新雜志。選項A符合題意。

15.單選題

Thearticlesuggeststhat