考研考博-英語-蘭州財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)長青學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-蘭州財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)長青學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Henoticedthehelicopterhoveringoverthefield.Thentohisastonishment,hesawaropeladder_________outandthreemenclimbingdownit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.throwing

B.beingthrown

C.havingthrown

D.havingbeenthrown

【答案】B

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他意識到直升機(jī)盤旋在上空。在他意料之外的是，他看到繩梯扔出來然后三個(gè)男人拾級而下。繩子是被扔出所以要用被動語態(tài)，A、C選項(xiàng)排除；and連接的是兩個(gè)并列的賓語，而and后面的男人用的現(xiàn)在分詞，沒有使用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，所以and前面也應(yīng)該保持一致，所以答案選B。

2.單選題

Thedestructionofthesetreasureswasalossformankindthatnoamountofmoneycould（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.standupfor

B.makeupfor

C.comeupwith

D.putupwith

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組。A:standupfor“支持；堅(jiān)持”；B:makeupfor“補(bǔ)償，彌補(bǔ)”；C:comeupwith“追趕上；提出”；D:putupwith“忍受，容忍”。句意：對人類而言，這些寶物的破壞是一種無法用金錢彌補(bǔ)的損失。結(jié)合此處語境，后文寫道沒有金錢可以彌補(bǔ)，故B為正確答案。

3.單選題

EveryAmericanhigh-schoolstudentmayormaynothope,togotocollege,butifhedoes,dependingonhowmuchhewantsto,heprobablycan.Atanyrate,sixoutoftenhigh-schoolgraduatesgotocollege,notallofthemgoimmediatelylackofmoney,theArmedForces,anattractivejob,illness,anyoneofahundredreasons,commonanduncommonmayholdsomeoutforayear,ortwo,orfive,buttheytoowillgoeventually.Someofthemwillgotofor-yearcolleges,sometojuniorcolleges,sometotechnicalinstitutes.Andthenumberwillclimb.Intenyearssevenoutoftenhigh-schoolgraduateswillgo,andintwentyyearsfouroutoffive.

Thefactthatsomanyhigh-schoolgraduatesnowcontinuetheireducationsuggeststhatthereisahighvalueoncollegeinAmericanlife.Andthisisso.Ayoungmanorayoungwomanofcollegeageismoreorlessexpectedtobegoingtocollegesimplybecausethatisthebestthingtobedoingatthatage.Theexpectationisnotabstractdevotiontoeducationbutordinarycommonsensebasedonthevaluesofcollege.Thefactisthatthedifferences,intermsoflifetimeexperiences,betweentheaveragestudentwhogoestocollegeandtheaveragestudentwhodoesnot,aresofavorabletothecollege-goingstudentthatanystudentwhocanreachcollegeowesittohimselftodoso.

Theword“reach”isimportant.Collegeisaseparateexperience.Itisoptionalinthesensethatnostudentisrequiredtogotocollegeasheisrequiredbylaw——inmoststates——togotohighschool.Butitisnotoptionalforastudentwhowouldliketoenteraprofession,orwhowouldliketogetintothemanagementstructureofbusinessorfinance,orwhowouldliketoentergovernmentservice.Suchastudenthasnochoicebuttogotocollege.

1.Whichofthefollowingistheleastpossiblereasonthatmayholdahigh-schoolgraduateoutforanumberofyearsbeforehegoestocollege?

2.Whatpercentageoftoday'sAmericanhigh-schoolgraduateswilleventuallygotocollege?

3.Themainreasonformosthigh-schoolgraduatestogotocollegeisthat（

）.

4.Itisimpliedbutnotdirectlymentionedthat（）.

5.Theword“them”inline3ofparagraph1refersto（）.

6.Intwentyyearstime,howmanyhighschool-graduateswillgotocollege?

7.Theword“this”inline2ofparagraph2refersto（）.

8.Goingtohighschoolis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hisserviceinthearmy.

B.Theproblemofage.

C.Theproblemofmoney.

D.Hispoorhealth.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.About60%

B.About70%

C.About80%

D.About90%

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theywanttodevotethemselvestohighereducationofAmerica

B.highereducation,inasense,meansbetterjobopportunities

C.collegeeducationistheironlypossiblechoice

D.theythinkcollegeisaseparate,joyfulexperiencetheymustlearn

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.inmoststatesastudentisrequiredbylawtogotohighschool.

B.insomestatesthereislawthatrequireseveryhigh-schoolgraduatetogotocollege

C.togotocollegeisthebestthingforayoungmanofcollegeagotodo.

D.ahigh-schooleducationisnotenoughforthosewhowanttobe,forexample,doctors,lawyers,managers,orscientists.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.high-schoolgraduates

B.four-yearcolleges

C.technicalinstitutes

D.juniorcolleges

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Sevenoutoften.

B.Fiveoutoften

C.Fouroutoffive.

D.Sixoutoften

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.highvalueoncollegeeducationinAmericanlife

B.thefactthatsomanyhigh-schoolgraduatesgotocollege

C.demandofgoingtocollegebyhigh-schoolgraduates

D.lowvalueoncollegeeducationinAmericanlife

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.optional

B.required

C.aseparateexperience

D.profession-basededucation

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段第二句可知,部分高中生畢業(yè)后沒能立馬進(jìn)入大學(xué)而繼續(xù)留校是因?yàn)槿卞X,參軍,吸引人的工作,疾病等各種各樣的原因,只有選項(xiàng)B年齡沒有涉及,所以本題選B。

2.根據(jù)第一段第二句“Atanyrate,sixoutoftenhigh-schoolgraduatesgotocollege,notallofthemgoimmediatelylackofmoney…”可知，現(xiàn)在有60%的高中畢業(yè)生將會去上大學(xué)。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段的第一句“Thefactthatsomanyhigh-schoolgraduatesnowcontinuetheireducationsuggeststhatthereisahighvalueoncollegeinAmericanlife.”如此多高中畢業(yè)生現(xiàn)在繼續(xù)接受教育的事實(shí)表明,大學(xué)在美國生活中有很高的價(jià)值。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

4.根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句可知,對于想要進(jìn)入職業(yè)領(lǐng)域、想要進(jìn)入商業(yè)或金融管理結(jié)構(gòu)、想要進(jìn)入政府部門的學(xué)生來說,這是不可選的。這樣的學(xué)生除了上大學(xué)別無選擇。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.根據(jù)原文結(jié)合句意可知,“them”指代的是前面所提到的未能立即上大學(xué)的高中畢業(yè)生。選項(xiàng)A正確。

6.根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Intenyearssevenoutoftenhigh-schoolgraduateswillgo,andintwentyyearsfouroutoffive.”可知選項(xiàng)C正確。

7.根據(jù)原文句意可知,這里的“this”指代的是上一句提到的“thereisahighvalueoncollegeinAmericanlife.”選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

8.根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Itisoptionalinthesensethatnostudentisrequiredtogotocollegeasheisrequiredbylaw——inmoststates——togotohighschool.”在大多數(shù)州,法律要求學(xué)生上高中,而不是要求學(xué)生上大學(xué)。由此可知,上高中是必須的,選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.單選題

Nancywassurprisedthattheyhave（

）.Theyseemedtobeahappycouple.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.splitup

B.brokendown

C.fallenthrough

D.knockedout

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。splitup“分開；離婚”；brokendown“出故障”；fallenthrough“失敗”；knockedout“使筋疲力盡；神志不清”。句意：南希很驚訝他們已離婚，因?yàn)樗麄兛瓷先ナ悄敲葱腋５囊粚?。由surprised及happy對比可知，A項(xiàng)符合題意。答案A

5.單選題

Thepromiseoffindinglong-termtechnologicalsolutionstotheproblemofworldfoodshortagesseemsdifficulttofulfill.Manyinnovationsthatwereonceheavilysupportedandpublicized,suchasfish-proteinconcentrateandproteinfromalgaegrownonpetroleumsubstrates:hassincefallenbythewayside.Theproposalsthemselvesweretechnicallyfeasible;buttheyprovedtobeeconomicallyunviableandtoyieldfoodproductsculturallyunacceptabletotheirconsumers.Recentinnovationssuchasopaque-2maize,Antarctickrill,andthewheat-ryetriticaleseemmorepromising,butitistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.

Onecharacteristiccommontounsuccessfulfoodinnovationshasbeenthat,evenwithextensivegovernmentsupport,theyoftenhavenotbeentechnologicallyadaptedorculturallyacceptabletothepeopleforwhomtheyhadbeendeveloped.Asuccessfulnewtechnology,therefore,mustfittheentiresocio-culturalsysteminwhichitistofindaplace.Securityofcropyield,practicalityofstorage,palatability,andcostsaremuchmoresignificantthanhadpreviouslybeenrealizedbytheadvocatesofnewtechnologies.Forexample,thebetterproteinqualityintortillasmadefromopaque-2maizewillbeofonlylimitedbenefittoafamilyonthemarginofsubsistenceifthenewmaizeisnotculturallyacceptableorismorevulnerabletoinsects.

Theadoptionofnewfoodtechnologiesdependsonmorethanthesetechnicalandculturalconsiderations;economicfactorsandgovernmentalpoliciesalsostronglyinfluencetheultimatesuccessofanyinnovation.EconomistsintheAnglo-Americantraditionhavetakentheleadininvestigatingtheeconomicsoftechnologicalinnovation.Althoughtheyexaggerateinclaimingthatprofitabilityisthekeyfactorguidingtechnicalchange—theycompletelydisregardthesubstantialeffectsofculture—theyarecorrectinstressingtheimportanceofprofits.Mosttechnologicalinnovationsinagriculturecanbellyusedonlybylargelandownersandareonlyadoptediftheseprofit-orientedbusinesspeoplebelievethattheinnovationwillincreasetheirincomes.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwasabletoassessthetruthofwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutopaque-2maize?

2.ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingasfactorsimportanttothesuccessofanewfoodcropEXCEPTthe（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theuseofAntarctickrillasafoodisaninnovationwhosefutureis（

）.

4.Thefirstparagraphofthepassagebestsupportswhichofthefollowingstatements?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itcanbestoredaseasilyasothervarietiesofmaize.

B.Itismorepopularthanthewheat-ryehybridtriticale.

C.Itproducestortillasofgreaterproteincontentthandoothervarietiesofmaize.

D.Itismoresusceptibletoinsectsthanareothervarietiesofmaize.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.practicalityofstorageofthecrop

B.securityofthecropyield

C.qualityofthecrop'sprotein

D.culturalacceptabilityofthecrop

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.basicallygloomybutstilluncertain

B.somewhatpromisingbutverytentative

C.generallybrightandvirtuallyassured

D.tiedtotheSuccessofopaque-2maize

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Toomuchpublicitycanharmthechancesforthesuccessofanewfoodinnovation.

B.Innovationsthatproduceculturallyacceptablecropswillgenerallybesuccessful.

C.Afood-productinnovationcanbetechnicallyfeasibleandstillnotbeeconomicallyviable.

D.Itisdifficulttodecidewhetherafood-productinnovationhasactuallybeenasuccess.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“thebetterproteinqualityintortillasmadefromopaque-2maizewillbeofonlylimitedbenefittoafamilyonthemarginofsubsistenceifthenewmaizeisnotculturallyacceptableorismorevulnerabletoinsects.如果這種新玉米在文化上不能被接受，或者更容易受到昆蟲的侵害，那么用不透明2型玉米制成的玉米餅所含的蛋白質(zhì)盡管質(zhì)量較好，但對處于生存邊緣的家庭所帶來的利益將是有限的?！弊髡叩闹攸c(diǎn)在于強(qiáng)調(diào)它比其他玉米品種更容易受到昆蟲的侵害，所以選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的二三句“Asuccessfulnewtechnology,therefore,mustfittheentiresocio-culturalsysteminwhichitistofindaplace.Securityofcropyield,practicalityofstorage,palatability,andcostsaremuchmoresignificantthanhadpreviouslybeenrealizedbytheadvocatesofnewtechnologies.因此，一項(xiàng)成功的新技術(shù)必須適應(yīng)它所處的整個(gè)社會文化系統(tǒng)。作物產(chǎn)量的安全性、儲藏的實(shí)用性、風(fēng)味和成本都比以前新技術(shù)的倡導(dǎo)者所認(rèn)識到的要重要得多。”選項(xiàng)A，B，D均有所提及，所以本題選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Antarctickrill”定位到第一段最后一句“Recentinnovationssuchasopaque-2maize,Antarctickrill,andthewheat-ryetriticaleseemmorepromising,butitistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.最近的創(chuàng)新，如不透明玉米、南極磷蝦和黑小麥似乎更有希望，但現(xiàn)在預(yù)測它們的最終命運(yùn)還為時(shí)過早?！彼赃x項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。第一段最后一句指出“itistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.現(xiàn)在預(yù)測它們的最終命運(yùn)還為時(shí)過早”。選項(xiàng)A在文中沒有提及；選項(xiàng)B太過于絕對；選項(xiàng)C表述過于片面，只有選項(xiàng)D能夠全面的概括第一段的內(nèi)容，所以正確。

6.單選題

Theexactcauseofthekillingdiseasewasnotknownuntilacountrydoctordiscoveredit（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bytheway

B.byandlarge

C.byallmeans

D.byaccident

【答案】D

【解析】bytheway順便說說；byandlarge大體上,總的來說；byallmeans一定,務(wù)必；byaccident偶然,意外地。句意：直到一位鄉(xiāng)村醫(yī)生偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種致命疾病,人們才知道它的確切病因。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

7.單選題

TomandAlice（）havinganewcartoreplacetheiroldoneforyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasbeendreamingof

B.havebeendreamingof

C.hasdreamed

D.willhavedreamed

【答案】B

【解析】根據(jù)句意可知謂語應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)，首先排除選項(xiàng)A和C，再根據(jù)“foryears”可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

8.單選題

Maryhasbrownhair.Infact,it’squitesimilarinshape______yours.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.to

C.like

D.as

【答案】B

【解析】考查介詞辨析。similar后面要求跟to，表示“和……差不多”。與with連用，可以是thesamecasewith...，表示“……的情況也如此”。like作介詞，表示“像……一樣”。same后面跟as，組成thesame...as，表示“和……一樣”。句意：瑪麗有棕色的頭發(fā)。事實(shí)上，和你的很相似。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Extraordinarycreativeactivityhasbeencharacterizedasrevolutionary,flyinginthefaceofwhatisacceptableandproducingnotwhatisacceptablebutwhatwillbecomeaccepted.Accordingtothisformulation,highlycreativeactivitytranscendsthelimitsofanexistingformandestablishesanewprincipleoforganization.However,theideathatextraordinarycreativitytranscendsestablishedlimitsismisleadingwhenitisappliedtoarts,eventhoughitmaybevalidforthesciences.Differencesbetweenhighlycreativeartandhighlycreativescienceariseinpartfromadifferenceintheirgoals.Forthesciences,anewtheoryisthegoalandendresultofthecreativeact.Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways.Suchphenomenaasabrilliantdiamondoranestingbirdarerelegatedtotheroleofdata,servingasthemeansforformulatingortestinganewtheory.Thegoalofhighlycreativeartisverydifferent:thephenomenonitselfbecomesthedirectproductofthecreativeact.Shakespeare'sHamletisnotatractaboutthebehaviorofindecisiveprincesortheusesofpoliticalpower;norisPicasso'spaintingGuernicaprimarilyapropositionalstatementabouttheSpanishCivilWarortheevilsoffascismWhathighlycreativeartisticactivityproducesisnotanewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits,butratheranaestheticparticular.Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistextendorexploit,inaninnovativeway,thelimitsofanexistingform,ratherthantranscendthatform.

Thisisnottodenythatahighlycreativeartistsometimesestablishesanewprincipleoforganizationinthehistoryofanartisticfield;thecomposerMonteverdi,whocreatedmusicofthehighestaestheticvalue,comestomind.Moregenerally,however,whetherornotacompositionestablishesanewprincipleinthehistoryofmusichaslittlebearingonitsaestheticworth.Becausetheyembodyanewprincipleoforganization,somemusicalworks,suchastheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerata,areofsignalhistoricalimportance,butfewlistenersormusicologistswouldincludetheseamongthegreatworksofmusic.Ontheotherband,Mozart'sTheMarriageofFigaroissurelyamongthemasterpiecesofmusiceventhoughitsmodestinnovationsareconfinedtoextendingexistingmeans.IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.

ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionsrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits—therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach—instrikinglyoriginalways.

1.TheauthorimpliesthatBeethoven'smusicwasstrikinglyoriginalbecauseBeethoven（）.

2.Theauthorconsidersanewtheorythatcoherentlyrelatesdiversephenomenatooneanothertobethe（）.

3.ThepassagestatesthattheoperasofFlorentineCamerataare（）.

4.Theauthorregardstheideathatallhighlycreativeartistictranscendslimitswith（）.

5.ThepassagesuppliesinformationforansweringallofthefollowingquestionsEXCEPT（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.manipulatedtheestablishedconventionsofmusicalcompositioninahighlyinnovativefashion

B.fundamentallychangedthemusicalformsofhispredecessorsbyadoptingarichlyinventivestrategy

C.embellishedandInterwovethemelodiesofseveralofthegreatcomposerswhoprecededhim

D.strovetooutdohispredecessorsbybecomingthefirstcomposertoexploitlimits

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.basisforreaffirmingawell-establishedscientificformulation

B.byproductofanaestheticexperience

C.resultofhighlycreativescientificcreativity

D.toolusedbyascientisttodiscoveranewparticular.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.unjustifiablyignoredbymusicologists

B.notgenerallyconsideredtobeofhighaestheticvalueeventhoughtheyareimportantinthehistoryofmusic

C.amongthoseworksinwhichpopularhistoricalthemeswereportrayedinamusicalproduction

D.ofteninappropriatelycitedasexamplesofmusicalworksinwhichanewprincipleoforganizationwasintroduced

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.moderateamusement

B.strongindignation

C.markedindifference

D.deepskepticism

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Hasunusualcreativeactivitybeencharacterizedasrevolutionary?

B.WhobesidesMonteverdiwrotemusicthattheauthorwouldconsidertoembodynewprinciplesoforganizationandtobeofhighaestheticvalue?

C.IsMozart'sTheMarriageofFigaroanexampleofacreativeworkthattranscendedlimits?

D.DidBeethovenworkwithinamusicaltradition:thatalsoincludedHandelandBach?

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目問的是“作者認(rèn)為貝多芬的音樂具有一種令人矚目的獨(dú)創(chuàng)性，因?yàn)樨惗喾摇?。文章最后一段提到貝多芬打破了常?guī)，把音樂從令人窒息的陳規(guī)陋習(xí)中解放出來。但是仔細(xì)研究他的作品會發(fā)現(xiàn)，貝多芬并沒有推翻認(rèn)為原則。相反，他是一位無與倫比的戰(zhàn)略家，他以驚人的獨(dú)創(chuàng)方式利用各種從前輩那里繼承下來的限制條件，比如規(guī)則、形式和慣例（IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionsrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits--therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach--instrikinglyoriginalways），由此可知選項(xiàng)A“以一種高度創(chuàng)造性的方式利用已有的慣例”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。題目問的是“作者認(rèn)為一種把各種現(xiàn)象連貫地聯(lián)系起來的新理論是……”。文章第一段提到“對于科學(xué)來說，一個(gè)新的理論是創(chuàng)造行為的目標(biāo)和最終結(jié)果。創(chuàng)新的科學(xué)產(chǎn)生新的命題，在這些命題中，不同的現(xiàn)象可以以更連貫的方式彼此關(guān)聯(lián)”（Forthesciences,anewtheoryisthegoalandendresultofthecreativeact.Innovativescienceproducesnewpropositionsintermsofwhichdiversephenomenacanberelatedtooneanotherinmorecoherentways），由此可知選項(xiàng)C“是高創(chuàng)造性科學(xué)的結(jié)果”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“文章中提出佛羅倫薩歌劇是……”。文章第二段提到一般來說，一首樂曲是否在音樂史上確立了一個(gè)新的原則與它的美學(xué)價(jià)值幾乎沒有關(guān)系。一些音樂作品，比如佛羅倫薩樂團(tuán)的歌劇，因?yàn)榘艘环N新的組織形式，而具有顯著的歷史重要性，但是很少有聽眾或音樂家會把這些作品列入偉大的音樂作品之列（Moregenerally,however,whetherornotacompositionestablishesanewprincipleinthehistoryofmusichaslittlebearingonitsaestheticworth.Becausetheyembodyanewprincipleoforganization,somemusicalworks,suchastheoperasoftheFlorentineCamerata,areofsignalhistoricalimportance,butfewlistenersormusicologistswouldincludetheseamongthegreatworksofmusic），因此選項(xiàng)B“雖然它們在音樂史上很重要，但一般認(rèn)為沒有很高的美學(xué)價(jià)值”符合題意。

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題目問的是“作者認(rèn)為一切具有高度創(chuàng)造性的藝術(shù)都是超越界限的……”。文章第一段提到“由高創(chuàng)造性藝術(shù)產(chǎn)生的美學(xué)細(xì)節(jié)只會是對現(xiàn)有模式限制的延伸，而不會是對其超越”（Aestheticparticularsproducedbythehighlycreativeartistextendorexploit,inaninnovativeway,thelimitsofanexistingform,ratherthantranscendthatform），由此可知作者對于那種認(rèn)為創(chuàng)造性藝術(shù)可以超越現(xiàn)有模式限制的觀點(diǎn)是不認(rèn)可的，因此選項(xiàng)D“深度懷疑”符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“這篇文章提供了回答以下所有問題的信息，除了……”。文章第一段提到“非凡的創(chuàng)造性活動被認(rèn)為是革命性的”（Extraordinarycreativeactivityhasbeencharacterizedasrevolutionary），由此可知選項(xiàng)A“不尋常的創(chuàng)造性活動被定性為革命嗎？”在文章中有回復(fù)的信息，排除；文章最后一段提到“莫扎特的《費(fèi)加羅的婚禮》無疑是音樂的杰作之一，盡管它的適度創(chuàng)新僅限于擴(kuò)展現(xiàn)有的手段”（Mozart'sTheMarriageofFigaroissurelyamongthemasterpiecesofmusiceventhoughitsmodestinnovationsareconfinedtoextendingexistingmeans），由此可知選項(xiàng)C得到了回答，排除；文章最后一段提到貝多芬打破了常規(guī)，把音樂從令人窒息的陳規(guī)陋習(xí)中解放出來。但是仔細(xì)研究他的作品會發(fā)現(xiàn)，貝多芬并沒有推翻認(rèn)為原則。相反，他是一位無與倫比的戰(zhàn)略家，他以驚人的獨(dú)創(chuàng)方式利用各種從前輩那里繼承下來的限制條件，比如規(guī)則、形式和慣例（IthasbeensaidofBeethoventhathetoppledtherulesandfreedmusicfromthestiflingconfinesofconvention.ButaclosestudyofhiscompositionsrevealsthatBeethovenoverturnednofundamentalrules.Rather,hewasanincomparablestrategistwhoexploitedlimits--therules,forms,andconventionsthatheinheritedfrompredecessorssuchasHaydnandMozart,HandelandBach--instrikinglyoriginalways），由此可知選項(xiàng)B在文章得到了回答，排除。綜上，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

10.單選題

Nooneexpectedhimto（

）againsthisformeremployer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.declare

B.testify

C.certify

D.allege

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。declare“宣布；聲明”；testify“作證；證明”；certify“證明；保證”；allege“宣稱；斷言”。句意：沒人想到他會作對他前老板不利的證明。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

11.單選題

Iamfeelingtootiredtodriveanymore,willyou____?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.turnover

B.takeover

C.handover

D.goover

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.turnover翻轉(zhuǎn)B.takeover接替

C.handover（把某事）交給……負(fù)責(zé)D.goover仔細(xì)檢查

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意：我累得不能再開車了，你可以……嗎？根據(jù)句意，可知他已經(jīng)很累了，不想繼續(xù)開車，希望另一個(gè)人接替他開車。因此選B。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

C選項(xiàng)handover“（把某事）交給……負(fù)責(zé)”指如果把某物移交給某人，就是把處理特定情況或問題的責(zé)任交給他們。該選項(xiàng)不符合語境；

A、D選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】我覺得太累了，不能再開車了，你能代替我嗎？

12.單選題

Asoneoftheworld’shighestpaidmodels,shehadherface______forfivemilliondollars.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.posited

B.assured

C.measured

D.insured

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.posited假設(shè)；認(rèn)定B.assured使確信

C.measured測量；度量D.insured投保

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)前半句的句意“作為世界上收入最高的模特之一”，結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞face可推知，她為自己的臉投保，空格處表示“投?！狈暇湟?，故該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】作為世界上收入最高的模特之一，她為自己的臉投保了500萬美元。

13.單選題

Sincethecouplecouldnot（

）theirdifference,theydecidedtogetadivorce.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reconcile

B.comply

C.coincide

D.resign

【答案】A

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)reconcile“調(diào)和，使一致”；B選comply“遵守，順從”；C選項(xiàng)coincide“一致，符合”；D選項(xiàng)resign“辭職”。句意：由于這對夫婦無法調(diào)和他們之間的分歧，他們決定離婚。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

14.單選題

Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear,accordingtoareportbytheGlobalHumanitarianForum,anorganizationledbyAnnan,theformerUnitedNationssecretarygeneral.

Thereport,tobereleasedFriday,analyzeddataandexistingstudiesofhealth,disaster,populationandeconomictrends.Itfoundthathuman-influencedclimatechangewasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfromillnessesincludingmalnutrition(營養(yǎng)不良)andheat-relatedhealthproblems.

Butevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.

Alongwiththedeaths,thereportsaidthatthelivesof325millionpeople,primarilyinpoorcountries,werebeingseriouslyaffectedbyclimatechange.Itprojectedthatthenumberwoulddoubleby2030.

RogerPielkeJr.,apoliticalscientistattheUniversityofColorado,Boulder,whostudiesdisastertrends,saidtheForum’sreportwas“amethodologicalembarrassment”becausetherewasnowaytodistinguishdeathsoreconomiclossesrelatedtohuman-drivenglobalwarmingamidthemuchlargerlossesresultingfromthegrowthinpopulationsandeconomicdevelopmentinvulnerable(易受傷害的)regions.Dr.Pielkesaidthat“climatechangeisanimportantproblemrequiringourutmostattention”.Butthereport,hesaid,“willharmthecauseforactiononbothclimatechangeanddisastersbecauseitissodeeplyflawed(有瑕疵的)”.

However,SorenAndreasen,asocialscientistatDalbergGlobalDevelopmentPartnerswhosupervisedthewritingofthereport,defendedit,sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.

Inapressreleasedescribingthereport,Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazardswhilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheat-trappinggases.Morethan90%ofthehumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangeareoccurringinpoorcountries,accordingtothereport.

1.WhatisthefindingoftheGlobalHumanitarianForum?

2.WhatdowelearnabouttheForum’sreportfromthepassage?

3.WhatdoesDr.PielkesayabouttheForum’sreport?

4.WhatisSorenAndreasen’sviewofthereport?

5.WhatdoesKofiAnnansayshouldbethefocusoftheCopenhagenconference?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Globaltemperaturesaffecttherateofeconomicdevelopment.

B.Ratesofdeathfromillnesshaverisenduetoglobalwarming.

C.Malnutritionhascausedserioushealthproblemsinpoorcountries.

D.Economictrendshavetodowithpopulationandnaturaldisasters.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itwaschallengedbysomeclimateandriskexperts.

B.Itarousedalotofinterestinthescientificcircles.

C.Itwaswarmlyreceivedbyenvironmentalists.

D.Itcausedabigstirindevelopingcountries.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itsstatisticslookembarrassing.

B.Itisinvalidintermsofmethodology.

C.Itdeservesourclosestattention.

D.Itsconclusionispurposelyexaggerated.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itsconclusionsarebasedoncarefullycollecteddata.

B.Itisvulnerabletocriticismifthestatisticsarecloselyexamined.

C.ItwillgiverisetoheateddiscussionsattheCopenhagenconference.

D.Itsroughestimatesaremeanttodrawtheattentionofworldleaders.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Howrichandpoorregionscanshareresponsibilityincurbingglobalwarming.

B.Howhumanandeconomiclossesfromclimatechangecanbereduced.

C.Howemissionsofheat-trappinggasescanbereducedonaglobalscale.

D.Howrichcountriescanbetterhelppoorregionsreduceclimatehazards.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Itfoundthathuman-influencedclimatechangewasraisingtheglobaldeathratesfromillnessesincludingmalnutritionandheat-relatedhealthproblems.（研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，受人類影響的氣候變化提高了包括營養(yǎng)不良和與高溫相關(guān)的各種疾病的全球死亡率。），可知全球變暖造成疾病死亡率上升，沒有說到貧窮國家的具體情況，B選項(xiàng)“由于全球變暖，疾病的死亡率上升了”正確，C選項(xiàng)“營養(yǎng)不良在貧窮國家造成了嚴(yán)重的健康問題”錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“全球氣溫影響經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的速度”：根據(jù)第一段Globalwarmingiscausingmorethan300,000deathsandabout$125billionineconomiclosseseachyear（全球變暖每年造成超過30萬人死亡，約1250億美元的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。），可知全球變暖造成經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，而不是影響經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展速度，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)趨勢與人口和自然災(zāi)害有關(guān)”：根據(jù)第二段第一句Thereport,tobereleasedFriday,analyzeddataandexistingstudiesofhealth,disaster,populationandeconomictrends.（這份將于周五發(fā)布的報(bào)告分析了有關(guān)健康、災(zāi)害、人口和經(jīng)濟(jì)趨勢的數(shù)據(jù)和現(xiàn)有研究。），可知并沒有指出這些研究內(nèi)容的關(guān)系，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段Butevenbeforeitsrelease,thereportdrewcriticismfromsomeexpertsonclimateandrisk,whoquestioneditsmethodsandconclusions.（但在發(fā)布之前，該報(bào)告就遭到了一些氣候和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)專家的批評，他們質(zhì)疑報(bào)告的方法和結(jié)論。），可知有的氣候和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)專家對此提出質(zhì)疑，A選項(xiàng)“它受到了一些氣候和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)專家的質(zhì)疑”正確。B選項(xiàng)“它引起了科學(xué)界的極大興趣”，C選項(xiàng)“它受到了環(huán)保主義者的熱烈歡迎”和D選項(xiàng)“它在發(fā)展中國家引起了很大的轟動”：文中沒有提到這個(gè)報(bào)告在整個(gè)科學(xué)界和發(fā)展中國家的影響，也沒有提到環(huán)保主義者對此的看法，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句RogerPielkeJr.,…saidtheForum’sreportwas“amethodologicalembarrassment”（RogerPielkeJr.說論壇的報(bào)告是“方法論上的難題”），可知Pielke不認(rèn)同這份報(bào)告的方法，沒有對其數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行評價(jià)，B選項(xiàng)“從方法論來講是無效的”正確，A選項(xiàng)“統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)看起來很尷尬”錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“值得我們密切關(guān)注”：根據(jù)第五段第二句Dr.Pielkesaidthat“climatechangeisanimportantproblemrequiringourutmostattention”.（皮爾克博士說“氣候變化是一個(gè)需要我們高度關(guān)注的重要問題。”），可知需要關(guān)注的是氣候變化而非報(bào)告，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“結(jié)論被故意夸大”：文中沒有提到。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第六段However,SorenAndreasen…sayingthatitwasclearthatthenumberswereroughestimates.Hesaidthereportwasaimedatworldleaders,whowillmeetinCopenhageninDecembertonegotiateanewinternationalclimatetreaty.（然而，SorenAndreasen……稱這些數(shù)字顯然是粗略的估計(jì)。他說，這份報(bào)告的目標(biāo)是世界各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，他們將于12月在哥本哈根開會，就新的國際氣候條約進(jìn)行談判。），可知報(bào)告的數(shù)據(jù)是粗略的估計(jì)，不是仔細(xì)收集的，A選項(xiàng)“報(bào)告的結(jié)論基于仔細(xì)收集的數(shù)據(jù)”錯(cuò)誤；而這粗略的估計(jì)主要是給世界各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人看的，D選項(xiàng)“報(bào)告粗略估計(jì)是為了吸引世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的注意”正確；這些世界各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人將出席哥本哈根，而不是說報(bào)告會在這個(gè)會議上引起熱烈討論，C選項(xiàng)“報(bào)告將在哥本哈根會議上引起熱烈的討論”錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“如果仔細(xì)核查統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，報(bào)告經(jīng)不起推敲”：文中沒有提到。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。根據(jù)第七段第一句Inapressreleasedescribingthereport,Mr.Annanstressedtheneedforthenegotiationstofocusonincreasingtheflowofmoneyfromrichtopoorregionstohelpreducetheirvulnerabilitytoclimatehazardswhilestillcurbingtheemissionsoftheheat-trappinggases.（Annan在描述這份報(bào)告的新聞稿中強(qiáng)調(diào)，談判有必要把重點(diǎn)放在增加從富裕地區(qū)向貧困地區(qū)的資金流動上，以幫助這些地區(qū)降低對氣候?yàn)?zāi)害的脆弱性，同時(shí)仍然控制溫室氣體的排放。），可知Annan認(rèn)為重點(diǎn)應(yīng)該是富裕地區(qū)幫助貧困地區(qū)面對氣候?yàn)?zāi)害，而不是如何解決全球性的問題，D選項(xiàng)“富裕國家如何更好地幫助貧困地區(qū)減少氣候?yàn)?zāi)害”正確；A選項(xiàng)“富國和窮國如何分擔(dān)遏制全球變暖的責(zé)任”，B選項(xiàng)“如何減少氣候變化造成的人類和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失”和C選項(xiàng)“如何在全球范圍內(nèi)減少溫室氣體的排放”錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

15.寫作題

YouaresupposedtowritealettertoaprofessorinauniversityintheUnitedStatesorUK,requestingfortheposs