考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)鴻德學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)鴻德學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

By（

）

computation,heestimatedthattherepairsonthehousewouldcosthimathousanddollars.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.coarse

B.rude

C.average

D.general

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。coarse“粗糙的”；rude“粗魯?shù)摹保籥verage“平均的，普通的”；general“一般的，普通的”。句意：通過粗略計(jì)算，他估計(jì)修理好這個(gè)房子需要花費(fèi)一千美元。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.翻譯題

Despitetheweb,wewatchmoretelevisionthanever.

Inthechaosoftoday'smediaandtechnologybrawl—iPodvs.Zune,Googlevs.Yahoo,windowsvs.Linux,Intelvs.AMD—wecandeclareoneunlikelywinner.Standingtallinafieldofnewtechwonders,it'sageezertechnologythatareinventedinthe1920sandcommercializedinthe1940s,andit'sstillmorepowerfulthananythingcreatedsince.(1)Asyoutrytofigureoutwhereconsumerinfotechisgoing,andwhatitmeansforsociety,rememberthisbig,centralreality:Peoplejustwantmoretelevision.

Ifyoudoubtit,lookattoday'sbiggestnewsintech.Itcontinuallycentersonnewwaystobringconsumersthethingtheycraveaboveallelse.(2)SonyfloodedtherecentConsumerElectronicsShowwithproductsthatputinternetvideoonyourTVset,asdidalmosteveryotherconsumerelectronicscompany.AtthesimultaneousMacworldExpo,ApplechiefSteveJobsintroducedAppleTV,whichdoesthesamething.VerizonsaiditwillsoonofferliveTVoncellphonescreens.Itwillalsosellfull-lengthprogramsforviewingwheneveryouwant.Putitalltogether,andwehaveachievedanirvanathatdidn'texistevenayearago:unlimitedtelevisionavailable24/7oneveryscreenyouown.

It'snosurprise,ofcourse.(3)Eversincethebasicfactsofsteadilymultiplyingprocessorpowerandbandwidthbecameapparent,seershaveconfidentlypredictedthisday.Theyjustasconfidentlypredictedwhatitwouldmean:traditionaltelevision'sdemise.OncetheWorldWideWebappearedinthemid-1990s,thefuturelookedveryclear.BoringoldTV,thescheduledprogramsthatcometoyouthroughacoaxialcableorsatellitedishorantenna,wouldfadeaway.

(4)Whichisexactlytheoppositeofwhathashappened.DespitemanyNetAgealternatives,weAmericanstodaywatchmoreboringoldTVthanever,whichissayingsomething.Howcanthatbe?MytheoryistheTwo-LiterCokePrinciple.TheCoca-ColacompanydiscoveredlongagothatifitcouldgetpeopletobringhomebiggerbottlesofCoke,thosepeoplewoulddrinkmorethantheyusedto.JustgettingmoreCokeinfrontofthemincreasedtheirconsumption.ItseemstobethesamewithTV.Putmoreofitinfrontofpeople~over100channelsinmanyhomes—andpeoplewillwatchmore.

Seenfromthisperspective,thelatestannouncementsofnewTV-relatedtechnologylooksimplylikeadditionalwaystoputmoreTVinfrontofAmericanconsumers.ThesupposedthreatfromtheInternetwasthatwe'dcutbackonTVaswespentmoretimeonMySpaceorinSecondLife.WemaywellspendmoretimeonsuchnewNetattractions,butwe'reunlikelytotakethattimeawayfromvideoviewing.We’remorelikelytocutbackonthingsweconsiderlessimportant,likesleep.

(5)NoonehasevaluatedTVbetterthanthegreatNewYorkeressayistE.B.White,whoin1938wrote,"Weshallstandorfallbytelevision,ofthatIamsure."Westilldon'tknowwhichitwillbe,buthisassessmentlookstruerthanever.

ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese

【答案】（1）當(dāng)你設(shè)法弄清消費(fèi)信息技術(shù)將向何處發(fā)展以及這對(duì)社會(huì)意味著什么時(shí)，要記住這個(gè)重要的核心事實(shí)：人們只是想看更多的電視節(jié)目。

（2）就像其他每個(gè)消費(fèi)電子產(chǎn)品公司做的那樣，索尼公司在最近的消費(fèi)類電子產(chǎn)品展會(huì)上推出大量產(chǎn)品，這些產(chǎn)品是用來把網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻放到電視上。在同時(shí)舉行的麥客世界展會(huì)上，蘋果公司總栽史蒂夫?喬布斯推出具有同樣功能的蘋果電視。

（3）從那時(shí)到現(xiàn)在，基本而明顯的事實(shí)是處理器的功能不斷提高和帶寬的不斷增大，而預(yù)言家們已經(jīng)自信地預(yù)測(cè)了這一天。正如他們自信地預(yù)言它的含義：傳統(tǒng)的電視節(jié)目會(huì)被替代。

（4）實(shí)際情況卻正好相反。盡管網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代有其他多種選擇，我們美國(guó)人如今看的無聊電視卻比以往任何時(shí)候都多，這就說明了問題。

（5）關(guān)于電視，沒有人比著名的《紐約人》雜志評(píng)論家E.B.懷特的評(píng)價(jià)更恰當(dāng)。他在1938年寫道：“我們的好壞將取決于電視,這一點(diǎn)我敢肯定?！?/p>

3.單選題

TwohoursfromthetallbuildingsofManhattanandPhiladelphialivesomeoftheworld’slargestblackbears.TheyareinnorthernPennsylvania’sPoconoMountains,ahometheysharewithanabundanceofotherwildlife.

Thestreams,lakes,meadows,mountainridgesandforeststhatmakethePoconosanidealplaceforblackbearshavealsoattractedmorepeopletotheregion.Openspacesarethreatenedbyplansforhousingestatesandimportanthabitatsareendangeredbyhighwayconstruction.ToprotectthePoconos’naturalbeautyfromirresponsibledevelopment,theNatureConservancynamedtheareaoneofAmerica’s“LastGreatPlaces”.

Operatingoutofacentuiy-oldschoolhouseinthevillageofLongPond,Pennsylvania,theconservancy’sBudCookisworkingwithlocalpeopleandbusinessleaderstobalanceeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalprotection.ByforgingpartnershipswithpeoplelikeFrancisAltemose,theConservancyhasbeenabletoprotectmorethan14,000acresofenvironmentallyimportantlandinthearea.

Altemose’sfamilyhasfarmedinthePoconoareaforgenerations.TwoyearsagoFrancisworkedwiththeConservancytoincludehisfarminacountyfarmlandprotectionprogram.Asaresult,hisfamily’slandcanbeprotectedfromdevelopmentandtheAltemoseswillbebetterabletoprovideasecurefinancialfuturefortheir7-year-oldgrandson.

CookattributestheConservancy’ssuccessinthePoconostohavingalocalpresenceandacommitmenttoworkingwithlocalresidents.

“Thekeytoprotectingtheseremarkablelandsisconnectingwiththelocalcommunity,”Cooksaid.“Thepeoplewholivethererespecttheland.Theyvaluequietforests,clearstreamsandabundantwildlife.Theyareeagertohelpwithconservationeffort.”

FormoreinformationonhowyoucanhelpTheNatureConservancyprotectthePoconosandtheworld’sother“LastGreatPlaces”，pleasecall1-888-5646864.OrvisitusontheWorldWideW

1.ThepurposeinnamingthePoconosasoneofAmerica’s“LastGreatPlaces”isto（）.

2.Welearnfromthepassagethat（）.

3.WhatisimportantinprotectingthePoconosaccordingtoCook?

4.WhatdoesBudCookmeanby“havingalocalpresence”(Line1，Para*5)?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gainsupportfromthelocalcommunity

B.protectitfromirresponsibledevelopment

C.makeitabetterhomeforblackbears

D.providefinancialsecurityforfuturegenerations

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thepopulationinthePoconoareaisgrowing

B.wildlifeinthePoconoareaisdyingoutrapidly

C.thesecurityofthePoconoresidentsisbeingthreatened

D.farmlandsinthePoconoareaareshrinkingfast

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thesettingupofanenvironmentalprotectionwebsite.

B.SupportfromorganizationsliketheNatureConservancy.

C.Cooperationwiththelocalresidentsandbusinessleaders.

D.Inclusionoffarmlandsintheregion’sprotectionprogram.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Financialcontributionsfromlocalbusinessleaders.

B.Considerationoftheinterestsofthelocalresidents.

C.Theestablishmentofawildlifeprotectionfoundationinthearea.

D.ThesettingupofalocalNatureConservancybranchinthePoconoarea.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“ToprotectthePoconos’naturalbeautyfromirresponsibledevelopment…”，主要目的使保護(hù)自然美景，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句，因?yàn)橄?、山脊等一些自然風(fēng)貌吸引了很多人來到這里，推測(cè)人口是不斷增加的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第六段，“Thekeytoprotectingtheseremarkablelandsisconnectingwiththelocalcommunity,”文中提到了與當(dāng)社區(qū)合作。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.信息歸納題。根據(jù)上下文語境，BudCook認(rèn)為大自然保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)的成功離不開“havingalocalpresence”，在第四段也提及了農(nóng)民受到了協(xié)會(huì)的支持，所以havingalocalpresence應(yīng)該是指一個(gè)組織或機(jī)構(gòu)，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.單選題

Thepolicehavebeeninterviewingpeopleintheareainthehopethatitwill（）furtherinformationaboutthecrime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unload

B.reveal

C.endow

D.yield

【答案】B

【解析】詞義辨析題。unload

卸下,

擺脫負(fù)擔(dān)；reveal揭露；endow賦予；yield屈服。句意：警方一直在采訪該地區(qū)的人,

希望能夠揭露更多有關(guān)這個(gè)犯罪事件的信息。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

5.單選題

Fred

always（）doingthewashing-up

bysayingthatheisbusyworkinginthegarden.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.getsoutof

B.getsoverwith

C.getsridof

D.getsthroughwith

【答案】A

【解析】getoutof指設(shè)法避免承擔(dān)責(zé)任或義務(wù)。；getoverwith指做完了事；getridof指擺脫不喜歡的事物；getthroughwith指完成,挺過來。句意：Fred總是說他在花園里忙著干活而不洗碗。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

6.單選題

Heisamongthoseluckystudentswhohavewon（

）tofirst-rateuniversity.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.permission

B.admittance

C.profession

D.admission

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他是那些能幸運(yùn)地進(jìn)入一流大學(xué)的學(xué)生中的一員。

考查近義詞辨析。permission允許，許可，一般用于givesb.permissiontodosth.允許某人做某事;admittance進(jìn)入，入場(chǎng)權(quán)（尤指公共場(chǎng)所）;profession職業(yè)，聲明，宣布；admission入學(xué)，承認(rèn),錄用。因此D符合句意。

7.單選題

Terrorisunderstandablyoneveryone’smind,butthereisyetanothergrowingdangeroverthehorizon:anIranambitiousfornukes.

Aug.16issue—whocouldhaveimaginedthatalliancemanagementwouldbeahotelectionissueinAmerica?Butitis.JohnKerry’srepeatedpledgetorestorerelationswithAmerica’sallieshasstruckachord.Thetroubleis,ifheiselectedpresident,Kerryisgoingtofindthatpromisehardtokeep—atleastwithAmerica’salliesinEurope.MostofthemwouldbedelightedtoseeKerrywin,butthatdoesn'tmeantheywillbemorecooperativeonpolicyissues.Terrorisunderstandablyoneveryone’smind,butthereisyetanothergrowingdangeroverthehorizon.EarlyintoaKerryadministration,wecouldseeafamiliarsight—atransatlanticcrisis—exceptthistimeitwouldn’tbeoverIraqbutIran.

ThethreattoAmericafromIraqiweaponsofmassdestruction,iftheyeverexisted,isinthepast.Iran,ontheotherhand,istheproblemofthefuture.Overthelasttwoyears,thankstotipsfromIranianoppositiongroupsandinvestigationsbytheInternationalAtomicEnergyAgency,ithasbecomeclearthatIranisseekingtodevelopnuclearweapons.Inthewordsoftheagency,Iranhas“apracticallycompletefrontendofanuclearfuelcycle.”whichleadsmostexpertstobelieveitistwotothreeyearsawayfromhavinganuclearbomb.

EuropeancountrieswereasworriedbythisdevelopmentasWashingtonand,sincetheUnitedStateshasnorelationswithIran,EuropesteppedinlastfallandnegotiatedadealwithIran.ItwasanexcellentagreementinwhichIranpledgedtostopdevelopingfissilematerial(thecoreingredientofanuclearbombandtokeepitsnuclearprogramtransparent.Theonlyproblemis.Iranhasrecentlyannouncedthatitisn’tgoingtoabidebythedeal.AstheIAEA’sinvestigationgotmoreserious.Tehrangotmoresecretive.OnemonthagotheagencycondemnedIranforitsfailuretocooperate.Tehranrespondedbyannouncingthatitwouldresumeworkinprohibitedareas.

That’swherethingsstandnow,withtheclocktickingfast.IfIranweretogonuclear,itwouldhavedramaticeffects.Itwouldplacenuclearmaterialsinthehandsofaradicalregimethathastiestounsavorygroups.Itwouldsignaltoothercountriesthatit’spossibletobreakthenucleartaboo.AnditwouldrevolutionizetheMiddleEast.SaudiArabiaandEgyptwouldfeelthreatenedbyIran’sbombandwouldstarttheirownsearchfornucleartechnology.(SaudiArabiaprobablycouldnotmakeabombbutitcouldcertainlybuynecessarytechnologyfromacountrylikePakistan.Infact,wedon’treallyknowallofthebuyerswhopatronizedPakistaniscientistA.Q.Khan’snuclearsupermarket.It’squitepossibleSaudiArabiaalreadyhasafewelementsofsuchaprogram.)AndthenthereisIsrael,whichhaslongseenIranasitsgreatestthreat.ItisunlikelytositpassivelywhileIrandevelopsanuclearbomb.ThepowerfulIranianpoliticianAliRafsanjanihaspubliclyspeculatedaboutanuclearexchangewithIsrael.IfIran’sprogramwentforward,atsomepointIsraelwouldalmostcertainlytrytodestroyitusingairstrikes,asitdidIraq’sreactorinOsirik.Suchanactionwould,ofcourse,createamassivepoliticalcrisisintheregion.

Inthefaceofthesestarkdangers,Europeseemsremarkablypassive.Havingburstintoactionlastfall,itdoesnotseemtoknowwhattodonowthatIranhasrebuffeditsefforts.Itisurgingnegotiationsagain,whichisfine.ButwhatwillittellIraninthesenegotiations?Whatisthethreatthatitiswillingtowield?

LastmonththeBrookingsInstitutionconductedascenariowithmostlyformerAmericanandEuropeanofficials.Init,Iranactuallyacquiresfissilematerial.Evenfacingtheimminentproductionofanuclearbomb,Europeanswereunwillingtotakeanyrobustmeasuresliketheuseofforceortoughsanctions.JamesSteinberg,aseniorClintonofficialwhoorganizedthisworkshop,saidthathewas“deeplyfrustratedbyEuropeanattitudes.”MadeleineAlbright,whoregularlyconvenesadiscussiongroupofformerforeignministers,saidthatonthistopic.“EuropeanssaytheyunderstandthethreatbutthenactasiftherealproblemisnotIranbuttheUnitedStates.”

AmericanpolicytowardIranishardlyblameless.WashingtonrefuseseventoconsiderthepossibilityofdirecttalkswithIran,letaloneactualrelations.EuropeanscouldpresentWashingtonwithaplan.TheywouldgoalongwithabiggerstickifWashingtonwouldthrowinabiggercarrot:directengagementwithTehran.ThisissomethingTehranhaslongsought,anditcouldbeofferedinreturnforrenouncingitsnuclearambitions.

Butforanyofthistohappen,Europemustbewillingtoplayanactive,assertiverole.ItmuststopviewingitselfmerelyasacriticofAmericanpolicy,butratherseeitselfasapartner,jointlyactingtoreducethedangersofnuclearproliferation.AnditshoulddothisnotasafavortoJohnKerrybutasaresponsibilitytoitsowncitizensandthoseoftheworld.

26.WhatisthefuturethreattoAmericannationalsecurityaccordingtotheauthor?

27.WhichofthefollowinginNOTincludedinthedramaticeffectsifIranweretogonuclear?

28.WhywasJamesSteinberg“deeplyfrustratedbyEuropeanattitudes”?

29.Whatisauthor’sviewpointtowardWashington’sattitudeontheissueofIran’snuclearthreat?

30.Whatistheauthor’sstandontheissue?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Iraqiweaponsofmassdestruction.

B.InvestigationsbytheInternationalAtomicAgency.

C.Iranhasanuclearbomb.

D.Iranhas“apracticallycompletefrontendofanuclearfuelcycle”.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itwouldplacenuclearmaterialinthehandsofaradicalregimethathastiestounsavorygroups.

B.Itwouldsignaltoothercountriesthatit’spossibletobreakthenucleartaboo.

C.ItwouldaffecttherelationsbetweentheU.N.andtheU.S.

D.ItwouldrevolutionizetheMiddleEast.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Terrorisunderstandablyoneveryone’smind.

B.ThedeteriorationofthetransatlanticrelationsfrustratedKerry.

C.Europeanswereunwillingtotakeanyrobustmeasures.

D.AmericanpolicytowardIranisblameless.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.AmericangovernmentshouldhavetalkswithEuropeannations.

B.WashingtonshouldhavedirectengagementwithTehran.

C.GovernmentofU.S.shouldrenounceIran’snuclearambitions.

D.WashingtonshouldbeblamedfornotconsideringthepossibilityofdirecttalkswithIran.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.DisapproveAmericans’attitude.

B.ApproveneitherAmericans’attitudenorEuropeans’efforts.

C.UnsatisfiedwithEuropeans’efforts.

D.AmericansandEuropeansshouldmakejointeffortstoreducethedangers.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】26.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“作者認(rèn)為未來威脅美國(guó)國(guó)家安全的是什么”，可定位到原文第3段第1、2句ThethreattoAmericafromIraqiweaponsofmassdestruction,iftheyeverexisted,isinthepast.Iran,ontheotherhand,istheproblemofthefuture.（伊拉克大規(guī)模殺傷性武器——如果曾經(jīng)存在的話——是美國(guó)過去的威脅。另一方面，伊朗是未來的問題。）由此可知，作者認(rèn)為未來美國(guó)國(guó)家安全的威脅來自伊朗，A選項(xiàng)“伊拉克的大規(guī)模殺傷性武器”是過去的問題；B選項(xiàng)“國(guó)際原子能機(jī)構(gòu)的調(diào)查”未提及，均排除；C選項(xiàng)“伊朗擁有核彈”以及D選項(xiàng)“伊朗擁有‘一個(gè)幾乎完整的核燃料循環(huán)前端’”可定位到第3段最后一句Inthewordsoftheagency,Iranhas“apracticallycompletefrontendofanuclearfuelcycle.”whichleadsmostexpertstobelieveitistwotothreeyearsawayfromhavinganuclearbomb.（機(jī)構(gòu)的調(diào)查指出，伊朗擁有“一個(gè)幾乎完整的核燃料循環(huán)前端”，這使得大多數(shù)專家認(rèn)為，兩到三年內(nèi)伊朗就會(huì)擁有核彈。）由此判斷，D選項(xiàng)“伊朗擁有‘一個(gè)幾乎完整的核燃料循環(huán)前端’”已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了，而C選項(xiàng)“伊朗擁有核彈”是未來可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)的，是未來美國(guó)國(guó)家安全的威脅。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

27.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干“伊朗走向核武器的巨大影響不包括以下哪項(xiàng)”可定位到第5段第2句IfIranweretogonuclear,itwouldhavedramaticeffects.（伊朗擁有核武器，將會(huì)產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。）A選項(xiàng)“它將把核材料交到一個(gè)與臭名昭著的組織有聯(lián)系的激進(jìn)政權(quán)手中”，可定位到第5段第3句Itwouldplacenuclearmaterialsinthehandsofaradicalregimethathastiestounsavorygroups.（它將把核材料交到一個(gè)與臭名昭著的組織有聯(lián)系的激進(jìn)政權(quán)手中。）兩者表述完全一致，排除；B選項(xiàng)“這將向其他國(guó)家發(fā)出信號(hào)，即打破核禁忌是可能的”，可定位到第5段第4句Itwouldsignaltoothercountriesthatit’spossibletobreakthenucleartaboo.（這將向其他國(guó)家發(fā)出信號(hào)，即打破核禁忌是可能的。）兩者表述完全一致，排除；C選項(xiàng)“它將影響聯(lián)合國(guó)和歐盟的關(guān)系”，原文并未提及；D選項(xiàng)“它將給中東帶來革命”，可定位到第5段第5句AnditwouldrevolutionizetheMiddleEast.（并且它將給中東帶來革命。）兩者表述完全一致，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

28.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“為什么JamesSteinberg對(duì)歐洲的態(tài)度深感失望”可定位到第7段第3句JamesSteinberg…saidthathewas“deeplyfrustratedbyEuropeanattitudes.”（JamesSteinberg說“他對(duì)歐洲的態(tài)度深感失望”），前一句Europeanswereunwillingtotakeanyrobustmeasuresliketheuseofforceortoughsanctions.（歐洲國(guó)家不愿采取任何強(qiáng)硬措施，比如使用武力或嚴(yán)厲制裁。）由此判斷，JamesSteinberg失望的原因是“歐洲國(guó)家不愿采取任何強(qiáng)硬措施”，C選項(xiàng)“歐洲國(guó)家不愿采取任何強(qiáng)硬措施”與原文表述一致。A選項(xiàng)“每個(gè)人心中都有恐懼是可以理解的?！?、B選項(xiàng)“大西洋兩岸關(guān)系的惡化讓Kerry感到沮喪?！?、D選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)對(duì)伊朗的政策是無可指責(zé)的?！倍疾皇菤W洲的態(tài)度，并沒有回答問題。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

29.判斷推理題。題干“作者對(duì)華盛頓在伊朗核威脅問題上的態(tài)度有何看法”，可定位到原文倒數(shù)第2段第1、2句AmericanpolicytowardIranishardlyblameless.WashingtonrefuseseventoconsiderthepossibilityofdirecttalkswithIran,letaloneactualrelations.（美國(guó)對(duì)伊朗的政策并非無可指責(zé)。華盛頓甚至拒絕考慮與伊朗直接對(duì)話的可能性，更不用說實(shí)際關(guān)系了。）由此可知，華盛頓（即美國(guó)政府）對(duì)伊朗核問題的態(tài)度是拒絕直接對(duì)話，而作者認(rèn)為美國(guó)的這種政策是hardlyblameless“并非無可指責(zé)”，D選項(xiàng)“華盛頓應(yīng)該受到指責(zé)，因?yàn)樗鼪]有考慮與伊朗進(jìn)行直接對(duì)話的可能性”與原文表述一致。A選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)政府應(yīng)該與歐洲國(guó)家談判”與問題無關(guān)；干擾選項(xiàng)B“華盛頓應(yīng)該直接與德黑蘭接觸”，可定位到倒數(shù)第2段第3、4句EuropeanscouldpresentWashingtonwithaplan…ifWashingtonwouldthrowinabiggercarrot:DirectengagementwithTehran.（歐洲國(guó)家可以向華盛頓提出一個(gè)計(jì)劃……如果華盛頓能拋出更大的誘惑：直接與德黑蘭聯(lián)系），這是作者為解決伊朗核問題向歐洲國(guó)家提出的建議里的內(nèi)容，并不是作者對(duì)華盛頓態(tài)度的看法，排除；C選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)政府應(yīng)該放棄伊朗的核野心”與問題無關(guān)，且選項(xiàng)本身邏輯不能自洽，美國(guó)政府無法放棄伊朗的核野心，只有伊朗政府自己可以，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

30.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題目問的是“作者在這個(gè)問題上的觀點(diǎn)”，根據(jù)本文開頭第1句thereisyetanothergrowingdangeroverthehorizon:anIranambitiousfornukes（還有另一個(gè)日益增長(zhǎng)的危險(xiǎn)正在逼近：伊朗的核武器野心），并通觀全文可知，thisissue“這個(gè)問題”指的是“伊朗核問題”，根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后兩段。倒數(shù)第二段EuropeanscouldpresentWashingtonwithaplan（歐洲國(guó)家可以向華盛頓提出一個(gè)計(jì)劃），接著講華盛頓應(yīng)該怎么做；最后一段首句Butforanyofthistohappen,Europemustbewillingtoplayanactive,assertiverole（但要實(shí)現(xiàn)這一切，歐洲必須愿意扮演積極、自信的角色），接著講歐洲具體該怎么做。由此可知，作者認(rèn)為美國(guó)和歐洲應(yīng)該聯(lián)合起來，D選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)和歐洲應(yīng)共同努力來減少危險(xiǎn)”最符合作者的觀點(diǎn)。A選項(xiàng)“不同意美國(guó)的態(tài)度”、B選項(xiàng)“既不贊同美國(guó)人的態(tài)度，也不贊同歐洲人的努力”、C選項(xiàng)“不滿意歐洲的努力”都不是作者對(duì)“伊朗核問題”的看法，而是對(duì)其他國(guó)家關(guān)于“伊朗核問題”的態(tài)度或做法的評(píng)價(jià)。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

8.單選題

Lateralthinking,firstdescribedbyEdwarddcBonoin1967,isjustafewyearsolderthanEdward’sson.YoumightimaginethatCasparwasraisedtobeanadventurousthinker,butdeBono’snamewassofamous,Casper’sparentsworriedthatanytimehewouldsaysomethingbrightatschool,histeachersmightsnap,“Wheredoyougetthatideafrom?”

“Wehadtobecarefulandnotoverdoit,”Edwardadmits.NowCasperisatOxford—whichoncelookedunlikelybecauseheisalsoslightlydyslexic.Infact,whenliewasapplyingtoOxford,noneofhisschoolteachersthoughthehadachance.“Sothenwedidseveralthinkingsessions,”hisfathersays,“usingmytechniquesand,whenhewentupfortheexam,hedidextremelywell.”Soonafter,EdwarddeBonodecidedtowritehislatestbook,“TeachYourChildrenHowtoThink”，inwhichhetransformsthethinkingskillshedevelopedforbrain-stormingbusinessmenintoinformalexercisesforparentsandchildrentoshare.

Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecutedinalogicalsequence,andeverybodyknowsthatchildrenaren’tverylogical.Soisn’titanuphillbattle,tryingtoteachthemtothink?‘‘Youknow,”EdwarddeBonosays,“ifyouexaminepeople’sthinking,itisquiteunusualtofindfaultsoflogic.Butthefaultsofperceptionarehuge!Oftenwethinkineffectivelybecausewetaketoolimitedaview.”“TeachYourChildHowtoThink”offerslessonsinperceptionimprovement,ofclearlyseeingtheimplicationsofsomethingyouaresayingandofexploringthealternatives.

1.WhatisTRUEaboutCasper?

2.CaspersucceededinapplyingtoOxfordbecause（

）.

3.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2thatEdward（

）.

4.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingstatementsexpressesEdwarddeBono’sview?

5.LateralthinkingreferstothefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.HeisEdward'sson.

B.Heisanadventurousthinker.

C.Hefirstdescribedlateralthinking.

D.Heisoftenscoldedbyhisteacher.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.hewascarefulandoftenoverworked

B.allofhisschoolteachersthoughthehadachance

C.heusedintheexamthetechniquesprovidedbyhisfather

D.hereadthebook"TeachYourChildHowtoThink”beforetheexam

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.waslikelytoimprovechildren’slogicwithhisbook

B.gaveadescriptionoflateralthinkingseveralyearsafterhissonwasborn.

C.waspromptedtostudylateralthinkingbecausehissonwasslightlydyslexic

D.oncetaughtbusinessmenhowtothinkbeforehewroteforparentsandchildren

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Everybodyknowsthatchildrenaren’tverylogical.

B.Itisanuphillbattletryingtoteachchildrentothink.

C.Weoftenthinkineffectivelybecausewetaketoolimitedaview.

D.Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecutedinalogicalsequence.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.improvingone’slogicinthinking

B.improvingone’sperceptioninthinking

C.seeingtheimplicationsofwhatyouaresaying

D.exploringthealternativesforwhatyouaresaying

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句，“”YoumightimaginethatCasparwasraisedtobeanadventurousthinker,butdeBono’snamewassofamous…”，根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but，可判斷你可以想象卡斯帕是一個(gè)敢于大膽的思考者，但是事實(shí)相反。選項(xiàng)B可排除。根據(jù)文章第一句，“Lateralthinking,firstdescribedbyEdwarddcBonoin1967…”，可知橫向思維在1967年由愛德華?波諾首次提出，所以不是卡斯帕首次提出的。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Casper’sparentsworriedthatanytimehewouldsaysomethingbrightatschool,histeachersmightsnap…”，可知卡斯珀的父母擔(dān)心，每當(dāng)他在學(xué)校說一些聰明的話時(shí)，他的老師可能會(huì)叱責(zé)他，可判斷出卡斯珀被老師叱責(zé)是父母擔(dān)心的事，并沒有提到實(shí)際發(fā)生。根據(jù)排除法，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“‘Sothenwedidseveralthinkingsessions,’hisfathersays,‘usingmytechniquesand,whenhewentupfortheexam,hedidextremelywell.’”，可知然后他運(yùn)用父親的思考方式進(jìn)行了練習(xí)，最后考試考得非常好。可判斷出Casper成功考入牛津大學(xué)的原因是運(yùn)用了父親提供的方法和技巧。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“…h(huán)etransformsthethinkingskills….”，可知愛德華的書是用來傳播他的思考技巧，是為了教孩子們?nèi)绾嗡伎?，并未提及邏輯思維，選項(xiàng)A可排除。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句，“Lateralthinking,firstdescribedbyEdwarddcBonoin1967,isjustafewyearsolderthanEdward’sson.”，可知1967年，愛德華?波諾(EdwarddcBono)首次描述了“橫向思維”，是在愛德華的兒子出生的前幾年提出的?？膳袛喑霾⒉皇窃趦鹤映錾蟛琶枋隽藱M向思維，選項(xiàng)B可排除。因?yàn)閻鄣氯A在兒子出生前幾年就提出了橫向思維，所以不是因?yàn)閮鹤拥脑蚨パ芯窟@種方法，選項(xiàng)C可排除。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句，“…h(huán)etransformsthethinkingskillshedevelopedforbrain-stormingbusinessmenintoinformalexercisesforparentsandchildrentoshare.”，可知他將自己用來培養(yǎng)商人思維的技能轉(zhuǎn)化為供父母和孩子們分享的非正式練習(xí)。可判斷出愛德華在為父母和孩子寫作之前，曾教商人如何思考。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Oftenwethinkineffectivelybecausewetaketoolimitedaview.”，可知愛德華認(rèn)為我們常常思考效率低下，因?yàn)槲覀兊囊曇疤邢?。選項(xiàng)C為文章的原話，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“‘TeachYourChildHowtoThink’offerslessonsinperceptionimprovement,ofclearlyseeingtheimplicationsofsomethingyouaresayingandofexploringthealternatives.”，可知《教你的孩子如何思考》這本書提供認(rèn)知改善的課程，清楚地了解你所說的話的含義，并探索其他選擇。可判斷出橫向思維涉及的方面包括提升思維認(rèn)知能力，了解說話的含義以及探索自己所說的話的其他可供選擇的表達(dá)，不包括提升邏輯思考能力。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

9.單選題

ThomasLeech（）averysuccessfulcareerasaphotographer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.builtup

B.carvedout

C.foughtfor

D.stumbledon

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。buildup“增強(qiáng)，加強(qiáng)”；carvedout“創(chuàng)業(yè)，開創(chuàng)”；foughtfor“為而奮斗”；stumbleon“無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)，偶然遇到”。句意：托馬斯作為一名攝影師開創(chuàng)了一份成功的事業(yè)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

10.單選題

Theworkhas________thestatusofaclassicamongthecomposer’sadmirers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.required

B.acquired

C.inquired

D.inspired

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)required“要求”；B選項(xiàng)acquired“獲得，取得”；C選項(xiàng)inquired“詢問，問明”；D選項(xiàng)inspired“激發(fā)，鼓舞”。句意：這個(gè)作品在作曲者的追隨者中（）經(jīng)典的地位，作品和追隨者心目中的地位是需要獲得的，所以B選項(xiàng)acquire最合適。

11.單選題

Shecontrivedtogetaglimpseofthelightoftruthhereandthere,andhopedthat（）raymightsufficetoguideher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.scant

B.scarce

C.meager

D.sparse

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)scant“不足的，缺乏的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是勉強(qiáng)足夠的；B選項(xiàng)scarce“缺乏的，稀有的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“稀缺、珍貴”；C選項(xiàng)meager“貧乏的”，多指收入微??；D選項(xiàng)sparse“稀疏的，稀少的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)人煙稀少，資源匱乏。句意：她設(shè)法在各處瞥見一點(diǎn)真理的光芒，希望那微弱的光芒足以引導(dǎo)她。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是勉強(qiáng)足夠的，所以選項(xiàng)A更符合語境。

12.單選題

WheneverIworriedthatourconnectionmightbefading,Iopenedthedrawerandfelthisenergy（

）aroundmelikeafreedcanary.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.flutterup

B.adhereto

C.flashback

D.queueup

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。flutterup“撲閃起來”；adhereto“堅(jiān)持；粘附”；flashback“；反射”；queueup“排隊(duì)等候”。句意：每當(dāng)我擔(dān)心我們之間的聯(lián)系會(huì)逐漸淡去時(shí)，我就打開抽屜，感受他的活力就像一只放飛自由的金絲雀圍繞著我。由likeafreedcanary可知A項(xiàng)符合語境，答案A

13.單選題

Inordertocontrolanddefeatthedreadfuldiseasesthat____humanity,concertedactivityisnecessary.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.infect

B.eliminate

C.incredulous

D.plague

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.infect感染；傳染B.eliminate消除；排除

C.incredulous懷疑的；不輕信的D.plague困擾；折磨

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接

【解題思路】首先，空格處是從句謂語，應(yīng)填入一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，其次，該詞的賓語為人類，主語為致命的疾病，D選項(xiàng)plague“困擾；折磨”符合語義邏輯。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)infect“感染，傳染”，沒有足夠的信息表明疾病是傳染?。?/p>

B選項(xiàng)eliminate“消除；排除”，疾病還不足以消滅人類；

C選項(xiàng)incredulous“懷疑的；不輕信的”，該詞為形容詞，非動(dòng)詞，不符合語境。

【句意】為了控制和戰(zhàn)勝困擾人類的致命的疾病，協(xié)調(diào)一致的行動(dòng)是必要的。

14.單選題

Thisisafarfrom（）book—itisarichmixofpleasuresandinformation,andisfullofsurprises.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.solemn

B.solid

C.solitary

D.sophisticated

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。solemn“莊嚴(yán)的，嚴(yán)肅的”；solid“固體的，可靠的”；solitary“孤獨(dú)的，獨(dú)居的”；sophisticated“復(fù)雜的，久經(jīng)世故的”。句意：這完全不是一本嚴(yán)肅的書——充滿趣味，信息豐富還有各種驚喜。根據(jù)破折號(hào)后面的句意可知，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

15.單選題

Wecannotalways（）thewind,sonewwindmillsshouldbesodesignedthattheycanalsobedrivenbywater.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hangon

B.holdon

C.counton

D.comeon

【答案】C

【解析】詞組辨析。hangon“堅(jiān)持下去，不掛斷”；holdon“堅(jiān)持，繼續(xù)”；counton“指望，依靠”；comeon“開始”。句意：我們不能總是依靠風(fēng)，所以新的風(fēng)車應(yīng)該設(shè)計(jì)得也能由水驅(qū)動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

16.單選題

Howmanyreallysufferasaresultoflabormarketproblems?Thisisoneofthemostcriticalyetcontentioussocialpolicyquestions.Inmanyways,oursocialstatisticsexaggeratethedegreeofhardship.Unemploymentdoesnothavethesamedireconsequencestodayasitdidinthe1930’swhenmostoftheunemployedwereprimarybreadwinners,whenincomeandearningswereusuallymuchclosertothemarginofsubsistence,andwhentherewerenocountervailingsocialprogramsforthosefailinginthelabormarket.Increasingaffluence,theriseoffamilieswithmorethanonewageearner,thegrowingpredominanceofsecondaryearnersamongtheunemployed,andimprovedsocialwelfareprotectionhaveunquestionablymitigatedtheconsequencesofjoblessness.Earningsandincomedataalsooverstatethedimensionsofhardship.Amongthemillionswithhourlyearningsatorbelowtheminimumwagelevel,theoverwhelmingmajorityarefrommultiple-earner,relativelyaffluentfamilies.Mostofthosecountedbythepovertystatisticsareelderlyorhandicappedorhavefamilyresponsibilitieswhichkeepthemoutofthelaborforce,sothepovertystatisticsarebynomeansanaccurateindicatoroflabormarketpathologies.

Yettherearealsomanywaysoursocialstatisticsunderestimatethedegreeoflabor-market-relatedhardship.Theunemploymentcountsexcludethemillionsoffullyemployedworkerswhosewagesaresolowthattheirfamiliesremaininpoverty.Lowwagesandrepeatedorpro