考研考博-英語-北京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

CordiaHarringtonwastiredofstandingupalldayandsmellinglikeFrenchfriesatnight.SheownedandoperatedthreeMcDonald’sshopsinIllinois,butasadivorcedmotherofthreeboys,sheyearnedforabusinessthatwouldprovideforherchildrenandletherspendmoretimewiththem.

Herluckymomentcame,strangelyenough,aftershewasnominatedin1992tobeontheMcDonald'sbuncommittee.“Thecompanypickedmeupinacorporatejettoseebakeriesaroundtheworld.”Sherecalls.“EverytimeIwenttoameeting,Ilovedit.Thiswasglobal!”

Theexperienceopenedhereyestobusinesspossibilities.WhenMcDonald’sdecideditwantedanewbunsupplier,Harringtonbecamedeterminedtowinthecontract,eventhoughshehadnoexperiencerunningabakery.

Harringtonstudiedthebakerybusinessandmadesureshewasneveroffexecutives’radar.“Ifyouhaveadream,youcan’twaitforpeopletocallyou,”shesays.“SoI’dvisitamillandsendthemphotosofmyself,inabaker’shatandjacket,holdingasignthatsays“Iwanttobeyourbaker.”Afterfouryearsand32interviews,herpersistencepaidoff.

Harringtonsealedthedealwithahandshake,soldhershopsandborrowed$13.5million.Shewasreadytobuildthefaster,mostautomatedbakeryintheworld.

TheTennesseeBunCompanyopenedaheadofschedulein1997intimeforaslumpinUSfast-foodsalesforMcDonald’s.BeforeHarringtonknewit,shewasdowntoherlast$20,000,notenoughtocoverpayroll.AndheragreementwithMcDonald’srequiredthatshesellexclusivelytothecompany.“Icriedmyselftosleepmanynights,”sherecalls.“IreallydidthinkIamgoingtogobankrupt”.

ButHarringtonworkedoutanagreementtosupplyPepperideFarmaswell.“McDonald’scouldseebenefitifourproductionwentupandpriceswentdownandnobenefitifwewentoutofbusiness,”shesays.“Thatdealsavedus.”

Overthenexteightyears,Haringtonbranchedoutevenmore:Shestartedherowntruckingbusiness,addedacold-storagecompany,andnowhasthreebakeriesproducingfreshbunsandfrozendough—allnowknownastheBuncompanies.Speedisstillapriority:Ittakes11peopleatthemainbakerytomakeout60,000bunsanhourforclientsacross40states,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.

Gratefulforthebreaksshe’shad,Harringtonispassionateaboutprovidingopportunitiestoall230employees.“Financialsuccessisthemostfunwhenyoucangiveitaway,”shesays.

Thecurrenteconomyischallenging.Someofherclients’saleshavedeclined,butshe’sfoundnewclientsandimprovedefficienciestohelpsustaintheeconomy’sdouble-digitgrowth.

CordiaHarringtondoesn’thavetostandonherfeetalldayanymore.Twoofherthreesonsnowworkforher.Andshe'smarriedherhusband,Tom,isnowherCFO.

"Thisismorethanajob,”saysHarrington.“It'samission.I'malwaysthinking.Howcanwebestserveouremployees?Ifwesupportthem,they’lldotheirbesttolookafterourclients.That’showitworkshere.”

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasmostsignificantinHarrington’searlycareer?

2.“Harringtonmadesureshewasneveroffexecutives‘radar’"(ParagraphFour)meansthatshe（）.

3.Howdidshesurvivethecrisisofthebakerybusiness?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTindescribinghercurrentbusiness?

5.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisfundamentaltoHarrington’ssuccess?

問題1選項

A.Hertravelandthevisitstobakeriesaroundtheworld.

B.HernominationontheMcDonald’sbuncommittee.

C.Abusinesscontractwithlocalbunsuppliers.

D.Theinterviewsandexperienceinrunningabakery.

問題2選項

A.herselfwantedtobeacompanyexecutive

B.meanttohireexecutivestorunthebusiness

C.meanttokeephermanagementknowledgeandskills

D.focusedonthemanagementofthebakerybusiness

問題3選項

A.Byopeningherbuncompanyaheadofschedule.

B.Bysupplyingbunsforanothercompany.

C.BykeepingsuppliesupforMcDonald.

D.BymakinganewagreementwithMcDonald.

問題4選項

A.Itisfastgrowing.

B.Itisdiversified.

C.Itsclientsarealllocal.

D.Itismoreefficient.

問題5選項

A.Perseveranceandconcernforemployees.

B.Businessexpansionandfamilysupport.

C.Efficiencyandloveforthefamily.

D.Opportunitiesandspeed.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段的首句“Theexperienceopenedhereyestobusinesspossibilities.這次經(jīng)歷使她看到了商機”，也就是說，在哈林頓的早期職業(yè)生涯中最重要的是這次經(jīng)歷。再根據(jù)上一段的內(nèi)容可知，這次經(jīng)歷是在她被任命為麥當勞的面包委員會委員后，公司派專機接她去看世界各地的面包房。所以選項A符合原文。本題容易錯選B，但被任命后如果沒有那些經(jīng)歷，也不能對她的職業(yè)產(chǎn)生影響，所以重要的還是“experience”。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文句意“哈林頓學(xué)習了怎樣經(jīng)營面包店，并且確保自己從來沒有離開過管理層的視線”，由此可知，她這樣做是為了保持她的管理知識和技能，所以選項C正確。選項A“她自己想成為一名公司主管”不正確，因為她是想自己經(jīng)營一家公司而不是成為主管；選項B“打算雇傭管理人員來經(jīng)營企業(yè)”不正確，這時候她自己還沒有開公司，所以談不上雇傭；選項D“專注于面包房業(yè)務(wù)的管理”也不正確，因為上一段提到她沒有經(jīng)營面包店的經(jīng)驗，所以她學(xué)習的是如何經(jīng)營面包店，而不是業(yè)務(wù)管理。只有選項C符合原文。

第3題:3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第七段的最后一句話“那筆交易救了我們”，這里的交易指的是本段首句提到的“達成協(xié)議為Pepperide農(nóng)場供應(yīng)面包”。所以選項B“向另一家公司供應(yīng)面包”正確。

第4題:4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第八段的最后一句“Ittakes11peopleatthemainbakerytomakeout60,000bunsanhourforclientsacross40states,SouthAmerica,andtheCaribbean.面包店的11個人每小時要為來自40個州、南美洲和加勒比海地區(qū)的客戶制作6萬個面包?！庇纱丝芍?，她的客戶不僅僅是當?shù)氐模赃x項C不正確。

第5題:5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“‘這不僅僅是一份工作，’哈林頓說?！@是一個任務(wù)。我總是思考。我們怎樣才能更好地為員工服務(wù)？如果我們支持他們，他們就會盡力照顧我們的客戶。這就是這里的運作方式。’”由此可知，關(guān)心員工是哈林頓成功的根本原因之一。除此之外，還有原文前面所提及的她自己付出的努力，以及自己堅持不懈的精神是她事業(yè)成功的另一個根本原因。所以選項A正確。

2.單選題

Acensor’sdutyistoensurethatnocontentis（）inpublicationorfilms.

問題1選項

A.evil

B.obscure

C.obscene

D.opaque

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項evil“惡毒的;邪惡的”；B選項obscure“無名的;鮮為人知的”；C選項obscene“淫穢的;猥褻的”；D選項opaque“不透明的;不透光的”。句意：審查員的職責是確保出版物或電影中沒有淫穢內(nèi)容。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“審查員的職責”可知C符合句意。

3.單選題

Rosaisquietandintroverted(內(nèi)向的),andsheobjectsto______herlivingroomwithdozensofpeopleintheapartment.

問題1選項

A.share

B.sharing

C.havingshared

D.haveshared

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：羅莎安靜內(nèi)向，她不喜歡和公寓里的幾十個人一起住在自己的客廳里。objecttodoingsth.是固定搭配，表示“反對做某事”，排除A,D。C選項havingshared是完成時，和題干句子時態(tài)不符，排除C。因此B選項正確。

4.單選題

Thereseemsnevertohavebeenacivilizationwithouttoys,butwhenandhowtheydevelopedisunknown.Theyprobablycameaboutjusttogivechildrensomethingtodo.

Intheancientworld,asistoday,mostboysplayedwithsomekindsoftoysandmostgirlswithanother.Insocietieswheresocialrolesarerigidlydetermined,boyspatterntheirplayaftertheactivitiesoftheirfathersandgirlsafterthetasksoftheirmothers.Thisistruebecauseboysandgirlsarebeingprepared,eveninplay,tostepintotherolesandresponsibilitiesoftheadultworld.

Whatisremarkableaboutthehistoryoftoysisnotsomuchhowtheychangedoverthecenturiesbuthowmuchtheyhaveremainedthesame.Thechangeshavebeenmostlyintermsofcraftsmanship,mechanics,andtechnology.Itistheuniversalityoftoyswithregardtotheirdevelopmentinallpartsoftheworldandtheirpersistencetothepresentthatisamazing.InEgypt,theAmericas,China,JapanandamongtheArcticpeoples,generallythesamekindsoftoysappeared.Variationsdependedonlocalcustomsandwaysoflifebecausetoysimitatetheirsurroundings.Nearlyeverycivilizationhaddolls,littleweapons,toysoldiers,tinyanimalsandvehicles.

Becausetoyscanbegenerallyregardedasakindofartform,theyhavenotbeensubjecttotechnologicalleapsthatcharacterizeinventionsforadultuse.Theprogressfromthewheeltotheoxcarttotheautomobileisadirectlineofascent.Theprogressfromarattle（拔浪鼓）usedbyababyin3,000BCtooneusedbyaninfanttoday,however,isnotcharacterizedbyinventiveness.Eachrattleistheproductoftheartistictastesofthetimesandsubjecttothelimitationsofavailablematerials.

1.Thereasonwhythetoysmostboysplaywitharedifferentfromthosethatgirlsplaywithisthat

（

）.

2.Oneaspectof“theuniversalityoftoys”liesinthefactthat（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingistheauthor’sviewonthehistoricaldevelopmentoftoys?

4.Regardedasakindofartform,toys

（

）.

5.Theauthorusestheexampleofarattletoshowthat（

）.

問題1選項

A.theirsocialrolesarerigidlydetermined

B.mostboyswouldliketofollowtheirfathers’professions

C.boysliketoplaywiththeirfatherswhilegirlswiththeirmothers

D.theylikechallengingactivities

問題2選項

A.technologicaladvanceshavegreatlyimprovedthedurabilityoftoys

B.theimprovementofcraftsmanshipinmakingtoysdependsontheeffortsofuniversities

C.theexplorationoftheuniversehasledtothecreationofnewkindsoftoys

D.thebasiccharacteristicsoftoysarethesametheworldover

問題3選項

A.Thecraftsmanshipintoy-makinghasremainedessentiallyunchanged.

B.Toyshaveremainedbasicallythesameallthroughthecenturies.

C.Thetoyindustryhaswitnessedgreatleapsintechnologyinrecentyears.

D.Toysareplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinshapingachild’scharacter.

問題4選項

A.followadirectlineofascent

B.alsoappealgreatlytoadults

C.arenotcharacterizedbytechnologicalprogress

D.reflectthepaceofsocialprogress

問題5選項

A.intoy-makingthereisacontinuityintheuseofmaterials

B.eventhesimplesttoyscanreflecttheprogressoftechnology

C.itoftentakesalongtimetointroducenewtechnologyintotoy-making

D.evenasimpletoycanmirrortheartistictastesofthetime

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Insocietieswheresocialrolesarerigidlydetermined”在社會角色被嚴格定位的社會里，可知男孩和女孩玩得玩具不同，在于他們的社會角色被嚴格區(qū)分，因此選A。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Itistheuniversalityoftoyswithregardtotheirdevelopmentinallpartsoftheworldandtheirpersistencetothepresentthatisamazing....Nearlyeverycivilizationhaddolls,littleweapons,toysoldiers,tinyanimalsandvehicles.”玩具在世界各地的發(fā)展和他們對現(xiàn)在的持久性的普遍性是驚人的。……幾乎每個文明都有娃娃，小武器玩具兵，小動物和車輛?？芍婢叩幕咎匦允窍嗤?，因此選D。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“Whatisremarkableaboutthehistoryoftoysisnotsomuchhowtheychangedoverthecenturiesbuthowmuchtheyhaveremainedthesame.”玩具歷史引人注目的不在于它們在幾個世紀中發(fā)生了怎樣的變化，而在于它們在多大程度上保持不變?？芍狟選項“幾個世紀以來，玩具基本上保持不變”符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Becausetoyscanbegenerallyregardedasakindofartform,theyhavenotbeensubjecttotechnologicalleapsthatcharacterizeinventionsforadultuse.”由于玩具通?？梢员灰暈橐环N藝術(shù)形式，因此它們沒有受到技術(shù)飛躍的影響，而這些技術(shù)是成人發(fā)明的特征?？芍婢卟皇芗夹g(shù)進步影響，不以技術(shù)進步為特征，因此選C。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Eachrattleistheproductoftheartistictastesofthetimesandsubjecttothelimitationsofavailablematerials.”每一個撥浪鼓都是時代藝術(shù)品味的產(chǎn)物，但受現(xiàn)有材料的限制?？芍髡呤褂脫芾斯牡睦邮菫榱苏f明即使是一個簡單的玩具也能夠反應(yīng)所處時代的品味，因此選D。

5.翻譯題

46.當有人對我說，他們喜愛動物是因為動物有感情，然后又虐待動物，我就對他們說，幸虧他們不喜歡我。(4points)

47.貧困國家轉(zhuǎn)變富裕國家靠的是投資開發(fā)自然資源，并借助教育和技術(shù)的轉(zhuǎn)移項目提高人力資源和技術(shù)資源。(5points)

48.有一些人，他們之所以關(guān)心經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，或是因為他們認為發(fā)展經(jīng)濟是發(fā)展中國家人民需要實現(xiàn)的目標，或是因為他們認為只有經(jīng)濟增長率達到令人滿意的程度才能保證政治穩(wěn)定。(5points)

49.失去理想是人們可能會犯的一個重大錯誤，這就是為什么我們應(yīng)該奮力向前并且相信我們自己，無論選定的目標看起來多么遙不可及，我們都應(yīng)爭取實現(xiàn)。(6points)

【答案】46.Whenpeopletellmethattheyloveanimalsbecauseanimalshavefeelings,buttorturethem,Itellthemit’sagoodthingtheydon’tlikeme.

47.Thetransitionfrompoortorichcountriesisachievedbyinvestmentinthedevelopmentofnaturalresourcesandthepromotionhumanandtechnologicalresourcesthrougheducationandtechnologytransferprojects.

48.Therearethosewhoareconcernedabouteconomicdevelopment,eitherbecausetheybelievethateconomicdevelopmentisagoalthatpeopleindevelopingcountriesneedtoachieve,orbecausetheybelievethatpoliticalstabilitycanbeensuredonlyiftheeconomicgrowthratereachesasatisfactorylevel.

49.Losingouridealsisabigmistakepeoplecanmake,whichiswhyweshouldpushforwardandbelieveinourselves.Nomatterhowreachlessthechosengoalmayseem,weshouldstrivetoachieveit.

6.單選題

Churchill’sinspiringspeecheshelped______hiscountrymentofightagainsttheenemy.

問題1選項

A.rally

B.ally

C.resemble

D.ramble

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.rally召集；集合B.ally與……結(jié)盟

C.resemble看起來像；顯得像D.ramble漫步；漫談

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息tofightagainsttheenemy（與敵人作戰(zhàn)）可知，______hiscountrymen是指“召集他的國民”，該題選擇A項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】丘吉爾鼓舞人心的演說幫助他的國民團結(jié)起來與敵人作戰(zhàn)。

7.單選題

Cosmicraysofvariouskindscomethroughtheairfromouterspace,butenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesunare（

）off.

問題1選項

A.avoided

B.excluded

C.screened

D.separated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。avoid“避免，避開”；exclude“排除，不包括”；screen“篩，拍攝，放映”；separate“分開，隔開”。句意：不同種類的宇宙線從外太空穿透空氣，但是大量的太陽輻射都被阻擋了。選項C符合題意。

8.單選題

Iwasalwaystaughtthatitwas（

）tointerrupt.

問題1選項

A.rude

B.coarse

C.rough

D.crude

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項rude“粗魯?shù)?，無禮的”；B選項coarse“粗糙的，粗俗的”；C選項rough“粗野的，粗略的”；D選項crude“天然的，未加工的”。句意：我總是被教導(dǎo)打斷別人說話是粗魯?shù)摹＿x項A符合句意。

9.單選題

To（

）importantdatesinhistory,countriescreatespecialholidays.

問題1選項

A.commend

B.memorize

C.propagate

D.commemorate

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項commend“表揚，推薦”；B選項memorize“記憶，記住”；C選項propagate“傳播，繁殖”；D選項commemorate“紀念，慶祝”。根據(jù)importantdates（重要日期）可知D選項最符合邏輯。句意：為了紀念歷史上的重要日期，國家會設(shè)立特別假日。

10.單選題

Notuntilthe1850s（

）inNewYorkseektorescuehistoricbuildingsfromdevastationoralteration.

問題1選項

A.someconcernedcitizens

B.didsomeconcernedcitizens

C.somecitizensconcerned

D.whensomeconcernedcitizensdid

【答案】B

【解析】考查部分倒裝。句意：直到19世紀50年代，在紐約，一些憂心忡忡的市民開始尋求使歷史文物免遭毀壞或改變的方法。當notuntil位于句首時，句子要部分倒裝，將助動詞放到主語前。

11.單選題

Packedlikesardinesintosweaty,claustrophobicsubwaycarriages,passengerscanbarelybreathe,________moveaboutfreely.

問題1選項

A.aswellas

B.disregardfor

C.letalone

D.notmentioning

【答案】C

【解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。aswellas“也”；disregardfor“忽視”；letalone“更不必說，聽任”；notmentioning“沒有提及”。句意：乘客們像沙丁魚一樣擠在充滿汗臭、幽閉恐怖的地鐵車廂里，幾乎無法呼吸，更無法自由活動。因此C選項符合題意。

12.單選題

Crimesbychildrenhavebeenrisingatafasterratethanthejuvenilepopulation.Abouthalfofsuchcrimesinvolvethetraditionaloffensesofthetheft,breakingandentering,andvandalism,butserious,violentcrimesaregoingupatastartlingrate.Therateofarmedrobbery,rape,andmurderbyjuvenileshaddoubledinadecade.Ifalltheneedsoftheadolescentcouldbemetadequatelyandwithoutdelay,withoutviolatinglaws,therewouldbenopointinviolation,andaminimumofinternal,indirect,anddirectcontrolwouldsufficetosecureconformity.Theobjectionmaybemadethatmanyviolationsarecommittedfortheexcitementoftheviolationitself.However,otherpossibilitiesforexcitementexistbesidesviolatinglawsandregulations.

Nocompleteandgenerallysatisfactorylistofneeds,eitherofchildrenoradults,hasbeencompiled.Theredoesseemtobeessentialconsensusontheneedsforaffection,andsecurity.Althoughthesecategoriesdonotexhausttheneedsofchildren,theyare,atleast,abeginning.

Onlysomeofthechild’sneeds,particularlythoseoftheadolescent,canbesatisfiedwithinthefamily.Thefamilydoes,however,alsogreatlyaffectthechancestheadolescentwillhaveinsatisfyinghisneedsintheschool,inhispeergroup,andlater,inhisoccupation.Ifheisabletosatisfyhisneedsreasonablywelloutsidethehome,insociallyapprovedways,thereislesspressuretoachievethemthroughdelinquentbehavior.

Astherearelimitationsuponwhatcanbeachievedbyindirectanddirectcontrol,soalsoaretherelimitationsastoneedsatisfactions.Adolescentshavewantsthatmustbedeferred,atleast,suchasforforeignsportcars,sexualsatisfactions,andadultincomeandstatus.Likewise,noteveryonecanbethecaptainofthefootballteam,thecampusqueenorthewinnerofscholarshiphonors.Atpresent,thereisnowaythatadolescentscanalwaysbemadetofeellovedandsecuredandnoassurancethattherewillalwaysbesomethinginterestingtodo.Ontheothersideoftheledger,thereisalwayssomeworktobedonetoobtain,inalegitimatemanner,whateverrecognitionandprivilegesarepossible.

Eventhoughcompleteandimmediatesatisfactionofneedsisnotordinarilypossible,familiescangofartowardthelegitimatesatisfactionofneedswithinthefamily,andtheycanprepareandlaunchtheadolescentinhisinteractionwithschool,peergroup,andoccupation,otherwisetheycanfailalmosttotallyinhelpingtomeetneedsinandoutsidethefamilythroughacceptablebehavior.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,juvenilescommitviolationsbecause（

）.

2.Thefourthparagraphiswrittentoillustratethat（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingshouldthefamilydotoreducejuveniledelinquency?

4.Whichofthefollowingthemesdoestheauthorfocuson?

問題1選項

A.theywanttoderivepleasurefromtheviolationitself

B.theirneedsarenotsatisfiedcompletelyandimmediately

C.violatinglawsandregulationsoffersthemgreaterexcitement

D.notenoughcontrolisexercisedtomakethemconformtolaws

問題2選項

A.theimportantthingistogivechildrensomethinginterestingtodo

B.allthatchildrenneed,likeadults,arerecognitionandprivileges

C.childrencanbemadetofeellovedandsecureonlyathome

D.alltheneedsofanadolescentcannotbesatisfied

問題3選項

A.Exertdirectandindirectcontroloverthechildwithinthefamily.

B.Don’tinterfereinchildren’sbehaviorinoroutsidethefamily.

C.Trytohelpthechildrenmeetlegitimateneedsinandoutsidethefamily.

D.Tryitsbesttosatisfyallofthechildren’sneedswithinthefamily.

問題4選項

A.Needsatisfactionandjuveniledelinquency.

B.Adolescents’interactionwithfamily,schoolandsociety.

C.Familyaffectionanddevelopment.

D.Indirectanddirectcontroloveradolescents.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:1.根據(jù)第一段第四句“Ifalltheneedsoftheadolescentcouldbemetadequatelyandwithoutdelay,withoutviolatinglaws,therewouldbenopointinviolation...”如果在不違反法律的情況下，能夠充分地及時地滿足青少年的所有需要，那么青少年就不會犯罪。選項B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第四段的二三句，青少年的某些需要必須被推遲，比如外國跑車，性滿足，成人的收入和地位。同樣，不是每個人都能成為足球隊隊長、?；ɑ颡剬W(xué)金獲得者。作者意在說明并不是青少年所有的需求都能得到滿足，選項D正確。

3.根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，家庭可以在很大程度上滿足家庭內(nèi)部的需求，并且可以鼓勵孩子與學(xué)校，同齡人團體以及職業(yè)相關(guān)的人和事交往互動。即幫助孩子滿足家庭內(nèi)外的合法需求。選項C符合原文。

4.結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要討論的是滿足需要與青少年犯罪，選項A最能概括全文。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

13.單選題

Yearsaftertheaccidenthewasstill（）byimagesofdeathanddestruction.

問題1選項

A.twisted

B.dipped

C.haunted

D.submerged

【答案】C

【解析】句意:事故過去好多年后，他的腦中仍縈繞著死亡和毀滅的畫面。

考查動詞辨析。twist扭曲，扭動；dip浸，蘸；haunt縈繞；submerge淹沒，沉入水中。因此C符合句意。

14.單選題

Duringourexploration,wediscoveredthatpeoplewillexploitthenewnessandbreadthoftheInformationMarketplacetosupporttheirwishesand______.

問題1選項

A.breaches

B.premises

C.ruts

D.predilections

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項breach“違背，違反，缺口”，B項premise“前提，假定”，C項rut“發(fā)情期，慣例，性沖動”，D項predilection“偏愛，嗜好”。根據(jù)句子可知空格處填入的詞和wishes“愿望”并列，那么四個選項中只有predilection符合語境。句意：在我們的探索過程中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)人們會利用信息市場的新穎性和廣度來支持他們的愿望和偏好。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

15.寫作題

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed50minutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan300wordsunderthetitleof“AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofDoingResearchOnline.”Yourcompositionshouldbebasedonthefollowingoutline:

1)Presentsituationaboutdoingresearchonline;

2)Advantagesforonlineresearch;

3)Disadvantagesforonlineresearch.

【答案】

AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofDoingResearchOnline16.單選題

Youshouldn’tgotoworktoday,itisrainingsohard.（）youstillhaveatemperature.

問題1選項

A.Therefore

B.Nevertheless

C.Moreover

D.Despite

【答案】C

【解析】邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)句意可知，前后構(gòu)成遞進的關(guān)系，選項中只有Moreover表示遞進，所以選項C正確。

17.單選題

Inorderto（）agoodknowledgeofEnglish,hegaveuphisjobandwenttostudyinanEnglishschool.

問題1選項

A.require

B.inquire

C.acquire

D.address

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項require“需要，要求”；B選項inquire“詢問”；C選項acquire“獲得”；D選項address“演說，致辭”。句意：為了獲得英語知識，他放棄了工作，到一所英語學(xué)校學(xué)習。選項C符合語境。

18.翻譯題

Peoplecannotliveapartfromnature;thatisthefirstprincipleoftheconservationists.Andyet,peoplecannotliveinnaturewithoutchangingit.Butthisistrueofallcreatures;theydependuponnature,andtheychangeit.Whatwecallnatureis,inasense,thesumofthechangesmadebyallthevariouscreaturesandnaturalforcesintheirintricateactionsandinfluencesuponeachotherandupontheirplaces.Becauseofthewoodpeckers,natureisdifferentfromwhatitwouldbewithoutthem.Itisdifferentalsobecauseoftheborersandantsthatliveintreetrunks,andbecauseofthebacteriathatliveinthesoilunderthetree.Themakingofthesedifferencesisthemakingoftheworld.

Someofthechangesmadebywildcreatureswewouldcallbeneficent.Beaversarefamousformakingpondsthatturnintofertilemeadows;treesandprairiegrassesbuildsoil.Butsometimes,too,wewouldcallnaturalchangesdestructive.Accordingtoearlywitnesses,forinstance,largeareasaroundKentuckysaltlickswereseverelytrampedanderodedbythegreatherdsofhoofedanimalsthatgatheredthere.Thebuffalo“streets”throughhillycountryweresohollowedoutbyhoofwearanderosionthattheyremainvisiblealmosttwocenturiesafterthedisappearanceofthebuffalo.Andsoitcanhardlybeexpectedthathumanswouldnotchangenature.Humans,likeallothercreatures,mustmakeadifference;otherwisetheycannotlive.Butunlikeothercreatures,theymustmakeachoiceastothekindandofthedifferencetheymake.Iftheychoosetomaketoosmalladifferencetheydiminishtheirhumanity.Iftheychoosetomaketoogreatadifferencetheydiminishnature,andnarrowtheirsubsequentchoices;ultimately,theydiminishordestroythemselves.Nature,then,isnotonlyoursourcebutalsoourlimitandmeasure.

【答案】參考譯文：

人類的生存離不開大自然，這是生態(tài)環(huán)境保護者的第一原則。然而，人類不可能在大自然中生存而不改變它。不過，這對所有生物來說都是如此，它們依賴自然且改變它。在某種意義上，我們把大自然稱為各種各樣的生物和大自然力量在自己復(fù)雜的活動、相互影響以及對生活環(huán)境的影響中引起的變化的全部。因為啄木鳥的存在，所以大自然不同于沒有啄木鳥的大自然會呈現(xiàn)的樣子。大自然也因為生活于樹干的鉆蛀蟲和螞蟻，以及生活在樹下泥土中的細菌而不同。這些差異的形成就是世界的形成。

我們會把野生生物引起的一些變化稱為是有益的：海貍因為把池塘變成肥沃草地而出名，樹木和牧場草地構(gòu)建了土壤。不過，我們有時會把大自然的變化稱為有害的。例如，據(jù)早期目擊者稱，肯塔基州鹽堿地周圍大部分區(qū)域被聚集在那里的成群的有蹄類動物嚴重踐踏和損壞。穿過丘陵地帶的水?！敖值馈北粐乐啬p和侵蝕，以至于它們（即水?！敖值馈保┰谒ＯШ蟛畈欢鄡蓚€世紀仍然看得見。因此，期望人類不會改變大自然幾乎是不可能的。與所有其它生物一樣，人類必須對大自然產(chǎn)生影響；否則他們就不能生存。不過，與其它生物不一樣的是人類必須對于自己產(chǎn)生的影響的種類和規(guī)模做出選擇。如果人類選擇產(chǎn)生一個太小的影響，那么他們就會使自身數(shù)量減少。如果人類選擇產(chǎn)生一個太大的影響，那么他們就會使大自然變小，從而使自己的選擇范圍縮小；最后他們會使自身數(shù)量減少或毀掉自身。因此，大自然不僅是我們?nèi)祟惿娴馁Y源，并且還是我們?nèi)祟惿娴慕缦藓蜆藯U。

19.單選題

Doesusingawordprocessoraffectawriter’sstyle?Themediumusuallydoesdosomethingtothemessageafterall,evenifMarshallMcLuhan’sclaimthatthemediumsimplyisthemessagehasbeenheardandlargelyforgottennow.Thequestionmatters.RayHammond,inhisexcellentguideTheWriterandtheWordProcessor,predictsthatoverhalftheprofessionalwritersinBritainandtheUSAwillbeusingwordprocessorsbytheendof1985.Thebest-knownrecruitisLenDeighton,fromaslongagoas1968,thoughmostusershaveonlystartedsincethemicrocomputerboombeganin1980.

Ironicallywordprocessingisinsomewayspsychologicallymorelikewritinginroughthantyping,sinceitrestoresfluidityandprovisionallytothetext.Thetypist’sdreadofhavingtogetoutthetippex,thescissorsandpaste,orofredoingthewholethingifhehasanysubstantialsecondthoughts,canmakehimconsistentlychoosethesaferoptioninhissentences,orletsomethingstandwhichheknowstobeunsatisfactoryorincomplete,outofweariness.Inwordprocessingthetextisloosenedupwhilststillretainingtheadvantageoflookingformallyfinished.

Thishas,Ithink,twoapparentlycontradictoryeffects.Theinitialwritingcanbecomeexcessivelysloppyandcareless,intheexpectationthatitwillbecorrectedlater.Thatcrucialfirstinspirationisnevereasytorecapture,though,andtherefore,ontheotherhand,thewritingcanbecomeover-deliberated,lackinginflowandspontaneity,sincerevisionbecomesalargepartofcomposition.However,thesearefaultseasiertodetectinothersthaninoneself.MyownexperienceofthesheerdifficultyofcommittinganywordsatalltothepagemeansI’mgratefulforallthehelpIcanget.

Formostwriters,wordprocessingquiterapidlycomestofeelliketheidealmethod(andcanalwaysbeasecondstepafterdraftingonpaperifyouprefer).MostofthewritersinterviewedbyHammondsayithasimprovedtheirstyle,(“immensely”，saysDeighton).Seeingyourownwordonascreenhelpsyoutofeelcoolanddetachedaboutthem.

Thusitisnotjustbyfreeingyoufromthelaborofmechanicalretypingthatawordprocessorcanhelpyoutowrite.Oneauthor(TerenceFeely)claimsithasincreasedhisoutputby400%.Possiblythefeelingofhavingareactivemachine,whichappearstodothings,ratherthanjusthavethingsdonewithit,accountsforthis—yourslaveworkshardandsodoyou.

Aretherenodrawbacks?Itcostsalotandtakestimetolearn—“expecttoloseweeksofwork”，saysHammond,thoughdaysmightbenearerthemark.Notoriouslyitispossibletoloseworkaltogetheronawordprocessor,andthishappenstoeverybodyatleastonce.Theawarenessthatwhatyouhavewrittennolongerexistsanywhereatall,isunbelievablyenragingandbaffling.

Willwordprocessinggenerallyraisethelevelofprofessionalwritingthen?Doesitmakewritersbetteraswellasmoreproductive?Thoughallusersinsistithasdonesoforthemindividually,thisishardtobelieve.Butreliancehappensfast.

1.WhatappearstobechangingrapidlyinBritainandtheUSA?

2.Typingamanuscriptintheconventionalmannermaymakeawriter（

）.

3.Oneeffectofusingawordprocessormaybethattheongoingrevisionofatext

（

）.

4.Itisclaimedherethatwordprocessorscreate

（

）.

5.Asfaraslearningtouseawordprocessorisconcerned,theauthorofthepassagefeelsthatHammond（

）.

問題1選項

A.Thestylewritersareemploying.

B.Thewaynewwritersarebeingrecruited.

C.Themediumauthorsareusing.

D.Themessageauthorsareputtingforward.

問題2選項

A.havealotofsecondthoughts

B.becomeovercriticalofhisorherwork

C.makemoremistakes

D.takefewrisks

問題3選項

A.isdonewithtoolittleattention

B.producesasloppyeffect

C.failstoproduceafluentstyle

D.doesnotencourageonetopickupmistakes

問題4選項

A.afeelingofdistancebetweenawriterandhisorherwork

B.theillusionthatyouaretheservantofthemachine

C.asensationofpower

D.areluctanceintheauthortoexpresshimselforherself

問題5選項

A.isunderstatingtheproblem

B.exaggeratesonedrawback

C.istooskepticalabouttheadvantage

D.overestimatesthedangeroflosingtext

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的RayHammond,inhisexcellentguideTheWriterandtheWordProcessor,predictsthatoverhalftheprofessionalwritersinBritainandtheUSAwillbeusingwordprocessorsbytheendof1985.（RayHammond在他的優(yōu)秀指南《作家和文字處理者》中預(yù)測，到1985年底，英國和美國超過一半的專業(yè)作家將使用文字處理器）可知C選項“作家使用的工具”符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞typing定位到文章第二段中，由Thetypist’sd