考研考博-英語-北京印刷學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京印刷學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

IhadvisitedthecapitalbeforealthoughmyfriendArthurhadnot,IfirstvisitedLondonasastudent,reluctantlyreleasedfromthebosomofatearfulmum,withatravelingtrunkstuffedfullofhome-madefruitcakesandwoollyvests.Iwasill-preparedfortheSpartanstandardsoftheSouth.Througheventhegrimmestpost-wardays,askidswehadploughedourwaythroughcornercutsofbeefandsteamedpuddings.SoyoucanimaginemydismaywhenIarrived,thatfirstday,atmyLondondigstobefacedwithaplateoftuna-pastesandwichesandathinsliceofcakeleftcurlingunderatea-towel.AndthatwassupposedtobeSundaylunch!

WhenIeventuallycaughtupwithmyextremelyirritatinglandlady,ImetwithavisionofsplendormoreinkeepingwiththeRoyalEnclosureattheracesthantheareainwhichshelived.Festoonedwithjewelsandfursandplasteredwithexclusivecosmetics,shewasawalkingadvertforBondStreet.

Now,wehaveanonetooelegantbutveryaptphraseforthisintheNorthofEngland,anditwastheonemyfriendArthurtodescribeLondonafterthreedaysthere:“Allfurcoatandnothingunderneath.”

Takeourhotel.Thereceptionareawasplushandinviting,theloungeanddining-roompoorenoughtostartArthurspeaking“properly”.Butjourneyupstairsfromonelandingtothenext,attheveneersofcivilizationfellawaybeforeyoureyes.Bythetimewereachedourroom,allpretensiontorefinementandcomforthaddisappeared.Thefurcoatwasoff(backinthebandsofthehirepurchasecompany),andwhatwewerereallyexpectedtoputupwithforasmallfortuneanightwasexposedinallitsshamefulnakedness.Itwaslittlemorethanagarret,ashabbyaffairwithpatchedandpeelingwalls.TherewasastainedsinkwithpipesthatgrumbledandmutteredallnightlongandanassortmentoffurnishingsthatwouldhavedisgracedHerMajesty’sPrisonService.Butthecrowningglorywastheviewfromthewindow.Apeekbehindthehandsomefacadeofourfabledcity,rankgardenschokedwithrubbish,allthedebrisoflifepiledagainstthebackdoor.Itwasagoodjobthewindowdidn’topen,becausefromitallarosetheunmistakableodoroftheabyss.

Arthur,whosemumstillpolishesherbackstepanddisinfectsherdustbinonceaweek,slumpedontothebedinasuddenfitofdepression.“Nevermind,”Isaid,drawingthecurtains.“Youcanwatchtelly.”Thiswasoneofthehotel’sluxuries,whichinthenewspaperadhadpersuadedusweweregoingtospendtheweekinstyle.Itturnedouttobeayellowingplasticthingwithapicturewhichrolledoverandoverlikeaflounderingfishuntilyoutookyourfisttoit.ButArthurwasn’tgoingtobeconsoledbyanycheaptechnologicalgimmicks.

Hewassurehisdadhadforgottentofeedhispigeonsandthathisdogswerepiningawayforhim.Hegrewhorriblyhomesick.Afteraterriblenightspenttossingandturningtoaceaselesscacophonyofpipesandfiredoors,traffic,drunksandlow-flyingaircraft,Arthursurfacednextdaylikeaclaustrophobicmole.Londonhadgotsquarelyontopofhim.Sevenmillionpeoplehadsatonhimallnight,breathedhisair,generallyfouledhislivingspace,andcomebetweenhimandthatdailyquotaofprivacyandpeacewhichpreventsusallfromdegeneratingintomadaxemenorreservoirpoisoners.

ArthurhadtobegotoutofLondonforawhile.

1.Whenthewriterfirstcametothecapital（）.

2.ThewriterwassurprisedatwhathereceivedforSundaylunchbecause（）.

3.ThelandladyseemedtoepitomizeaphraseusedintheNorthofEnglandtoindicatethatthingswere（）.

4.Theroomwhichthewriterandhisfriendweretoshare（）.

5.Thewriterfeelsthatinordertoremainsane,oneneedsacertainamountof（）.

問題1選項

A.hehadbeenveryreluctanttoleavehismother

B.hismotherhadnotwantedhimtoleavehome

C.hehadmadenopreparationsforhisjourneysouth

D.hehadsenthispossessionsonaheadinatrunk

問題2選項

A.foodhadalwaysbeenplentifulathome

B.hehadbeenusedtogrimmertimesathome

C.thingshadbeendifficultafterthewarupNorth

D.beefhadalwaysbeenavailablefromthebutcheronthecornerathome

問題3選項

A.tenderunderneaththesurface

B.vulnerabletotheoutsideworld

C.moreprofoundthantheyseemed

D.beautifulbutonlysuperficially

問題4選項

A.wasmoresuitedtohousingprisonersthanhotelguests

B.hadamagnificentviewfromoneofitswindows

C.hadadoorwhichprovidedaccesstoarubbishtip

D.wassituatedabovesomefoul-smellinggardens

問題5選項

A.physicalexercise

B.freshair

C.dailynourishment

D.breathingspace

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:文章第一段提到我第一次在倫敦旅行時還是個學(xué)生。那時候依依不舍地離開媽媽的懷抱，還提著一個裝滿家里做的水果蛋糕和羊毛背心的旅行箱。所以選項B符合題意。

第2題:文章第一段提到盡管是在戰(zhàn)后艱苦的日子，我們依然能吃到牛肉和蒸布丁，所以可以想象當(dāng)?shù)谝惶斓竭_(dá)倫敦寓所吃的食物的沮喪心情。所以選項A符合題意。

第3題:推理判斷題。由題干定位至第三段。作者認(rèn)為旅店女老板的裝扮非常俗氣，而他的朋友亞瑟在那里待了三天后對倫敦的描述是：“所有的都是毛皮外套，里面什么都沒有”（Allfurcoatandnothingunderneath）。而后面一段描述了豪華的接待區(qū)和破敗的休息室和餐廳以及閣樓水槽等，并說到文明的表象就在你眼前消失了（attheveneersofcivilizationfellawaybeforeyoureyes）。由此可知，豪華的外表下竟是破敗的內(nèi)在。因此D項“虛有其表”正確。

第4題:作者和他的朋友的房間并不比頂樓大多少，四周是斑駁的墻壁。有一個褪了色的水池，水管整夜響不停，擺放的幾件家具還比不上英國監(jiān)獄局的。所以選項A符合題意。

第5題:文章倒數(shù)第一段提到日常的隱私和平靜可以保護(hù)我們不會墮落成瘋狂的兇手（whichpreventsusallfromdegeneratingintomadaxemenorreservoirpoisoners），即一個人需要休息的場所和喘息的時間。所以選項D符合題意。

2.單選題

Parentshavealegal（）toensurethattheirchildrenareprovidedwithefficienteducationsuitabletotheirage.

問題1選項

A.impulse

B.obligation

C.influence

D.sympathy

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。impulse沖動；obligation義務(wù)，職責(zé)；influence影響；sympathy同情，慰問。句意：父母有法律__確保其子女接受符合他們年齡的有效的教育。根據(jù)句意可知，父母有確保孩子受教育權(quán)的義務(wù)。故B項符合題意。

3.單選題

Fertilizer,naturalsubstanceormixtureisusedto（）soilsoastopromoteplantgrowth.

問題1選項

A.enact

B.enlarge

C.enclose

D.enrich

【答案】D

【解析】句意:肥料、自然物質(zhì)或混合物被用來使土地肥沃,以促進(jìn)植物生長。

考查動詞辨析。Enact通過(法律),扮演,擔(dān)任…角色;enlarge擴大,擴充,擴展;enclose圍繞,放入封套;enrich使充實,使肥沃,使富足。故D符合句意。

4.單選題

Idon’tsmokenow,butIused（

）whenIwasyoung.

問題1選項

A.to

B.todo

C.toit

D.todoingit

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我現(xiàn)在不抽煙了，但是我年輕的時候常常抽煙。

固定搭配。usedtodo過去常常;be/getusedtosth./doingsth.習(xí)慣于…。因此B符合句意。

5.單選題

Littlegreenpatchesofmossgrewontherockwherewaterhad______out.

問題1選項

A.oozed

B.dehumanized

C.deified

D.opted

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.oozed滲出；泄漏B.dehumanized使失掉人性

C.deified崇拜，把某人奉若神明D.opted選擇；作出抉擇

【答案】A

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】where引導(dǎo)的定語從句“巖石上的水______出來”修飾前面的rock（巖石），根據(jù)主句句意“巖石上長著一片片綠色的苔蘚”可知，巖石上有水滲出才能長苔蘚，所以空格處填入A項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項均不符合句意。

【句意】在滲水的巖石上長出了一片片綠色的苔蘚。

6.單選題

Thewealthofacountryshouldbemeasured（

）thehealthandhappinessofitspeopleaswellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.

問題1選項

A.inlinewith

B.intermsof

C.regardlessof

D.bymeansof

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。Inlinewith“符合，與······一致”；intermsof“依據(jù)，根據(jù)，在······方面”；regardlessof“不顧，不管”；bymeansof“借助于，憑借”。根據(jù)句意“一個國家的財富應(yīng)該依據(jù)人民的健康和幸福以及它所生產(chǎn)的商品來衡量”，選項B符合題意。

7.單選題

Thestudentslisteningtothepompousofficial’slongspeechweresoonveryboring;nodoubtmanyofthemhadtheirmindsmoreonwhatwasforlunchthanonwhathewassaying.

問題1選項

A.were

B.veryboring

C.hadtheirminds

D.onwhatwasforlunchthanon

E.沒有問題

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞誤用。boring改為bored。boring令人厭煩的。bored感到無聊的。

8.單選題

Inthesetimes,whenourformofgovernmentisbeingcriticizedbypeopleofmanydifferentbeliefs,itisimportantthatweunderstandtheprinciplesonwhichoursocietywasfounded.Toooftentheseprinciplesaredisregardedbytheverypeoplewhoaremostvociferousindefendingthecountryagainstcriticism.Basictoourdemocracyisabeliefthattruthcanonlybearrivedatthroughafreeinterchangeofideas.Freedomofspeechisoneofourmostcherishedvalues.Nevertheless,withatotaldisregardoftheprinciplesofdemocraticfairplay,theaveragecitizenisapttohurlrashaccusationsinanattempttosilenceanyonewhomaynotagreewithhim.Toomanycitizensunderstanddemocracyonlyasasloganandhavenorealconceptthatdemocracyinpracticemeanswemusttoleratetheexpressionofunpopularideas.

Ourlistofdeadlysinsshouldberevisedtoincludethemisrepresentationofprinciplestogratifyone’spersonalspiteorvanity,thebetrayalofgreatcausesbymakingthemthecloakforpersonaladvancement,andthedebasementofhighidealsbyusingthemasapretextforthecalumniationofhonorablemen.

Thecommongoodshouldnotbemadeapoliticalfootball,fortheonlythingthatbindsmenisacommontrust,thethingthatunitesthemisacausetheyshare.Thatcausemustbesomethinggreaterthanmerepersonalpromotion.Thecauseforwhichmenliveandfightcannotappealtotheirpocketbookalone,butmustalsoappealtotheirhearts.

Letustakealessonfromthoserevolutionarieswhopromiseimpoverishedpeoplenotonlylandbutalsoavision.Itistruethattheirpoliciesoftencontradictthepromisestheymade,buttheyfirstwintheirwaybyproclaimingavisionwhichinspirespeople.Leninhimself,thesupremetechnicianofpolicy,knewhecouldnotachievehisendssimplybyplayingupdiscontents,masterashewasatthatgame.Heknewhecouldnotwinthepeopleovermerelybystirringuphatredsorappealingtoself-interest.Thepeoplemustfeelthethrobofagreatercause,glimpseavisionofabetterworld.

Thisvisionisparticularlynecessarytowintheloyaltiesoftheyoung.Wecertainlywillnotinspirethemifwemakeourcaseonthegroundthatcapitalisticplanningismoreefficientthansocialisticplanning.Efficientforwhat?Andforwhom?Theplannersaresometimesefficientenoughinseekingtheirowngainattheexpenseofthecommongood.No,wemustseekstrongerandhighergroundsifwearetoconvinceevenourselvesthatoursisthebestway.

Thatiswhyitisdeplorablethatinthiscountrywearesocomplacentaboutourheritage.Wedonotappreciatethestrengthandvitalityofthethingthatunitedus.Sowecarrylittleconvictionwhenwearechallengedtodefendourwayoflife.

1.Theauthor’sattitudetowardthebasictenetsofdemocracyisapparentlyoneof（）.

2.Theauthorimpliesthatimpoverishedpeopleoftenconsiderthepromiseofrevolutionariestobe（）

3.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingmoststronglyunitesmen?

4.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinthepassageisto（）.

問題1選項

A.objectiveinterest

B.hostileantagonism

C.hesitantacceptance

D.enthusiasticapproval

問題2選項

A.falseandtreacherous

B.credibleandinspiring

C.ambiguousandconfusing

D.superficialandirrelevant

問題3選項

A.Self-interest.

B.Thepressureofeconomicnecessity.

C.Discontentwithacommonoppressor.

D.Thesharedidealofmakingabetterworld.

問題4選項

A.praisethepropagandamethodsofothernations

B.encouragethespreadofdemocracytounderdevelopedlands

C.urgegreaterdevotiontotheidealsofdemocracy

D.criticizethosewhoputself-interestaheadoftheinterestsoftheircountry

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項釋義】

1.Theauthor’sattitudetowardthebasictenetsofdemocracyisapparentlyoneof______.1.作者對民主基本原則的態(tài)度顯然是一種______。

A.objectiveinterestA.客觀利益

B.hostileantagonismB.敵對態(tài)度

C.hesitantacceptanceC.猶豫的接受

D.enthusiasticapprovalD.熱情贊同

【考查點】觀點態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段的第一句“當(dāng)我們的政府形式受到許多不同信仰的人的批評時，我們必須理解（itisimportantthatweunderstand）我們社會賴以建立的原則”，從important（重要的）和understand（理解）可推測出，作者對民主基本原則的態(tài)度是熱情的贊成，所以選項D更準(zhǔn)確。

【干擾項排除】

A項“客觀利益”沒有提到，無中生有；

B項“敵對態(tài)度”和C項“猶豫的接受”根據(jù)解題思路可知，曲解原文。

第2題:2.【選項釋義】

2.Theauthorimpliesthatimpoverishedpeopleoftenconsiderthepromiseofrevolutionariestobe______.2.作者暗示說，貧困的人們通常認(rèn)為革命者的承諾是______。

A.falseandtreacherousA.錯誤和危險的

B.credibleandinspiringB.可靠和鼓舞人心的

C.ambiguousandconfusingC.模糊和混淆的

D.superficialandirrelevantD.膚淺和無關(guān)緊要的

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第四段第二句“他們的政策常常與他們所作的承諾相矛盾，但他們首先是通過宣布一個鼓舞人心的愿景（avisionwhichinspirespeople）來贏得勝利的”，從中可知，作者暗示窮人往往認(rèn)為革命者做出的承諾是鼓舞人心的。B項正確。

【干擾項排除】A項“錯誤和危險的”、C項“模糊和混淆的”和D項“膚淺和無關(guān)緊要的”根據(jù)解題思路可知，屬于曲解原文。

第3題:3.【選項釋義】

3.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingmoststronglyunitesmen?3.根據(jù)作者的觀點，以下哪項最能將人們團(tuán)結(jié)起來？

A.Self-interest.A.利己主義。

B.Thepressureofeconomicnecessity.B.經(jīng)濟(jì)需要的壓力。

C.Discontentwithacommonoppressor.C.對普通壓迫者的不滿。

D.Thesharedidealofmakingabetterworld.D.創(chuàng)造更美好世界的共同理想。

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段第一句“把人們凝聚在一起的唯一東西是共同的信任，把人們團(tuán)結(jié)在一起的東西是他們共同的事業(yè)”，可知將人們團(tuán)結(jié)在一起的是共同的信任和事業(yè)，這與D項“創(chuàng)造更美好世界的共同理想”表述相符合，該題選擇D項正確。

【干擾項排除】A項“利己主義”、B項“經(jīng)濟(jì)需要的壓力”和C項“對普通壓迫者的不滿”根據(jù)解題思路可知，這三項都不能將人們團(tuán)結(jié)起來，與原文不符，屬于曲解原文。

第4題:4.【選項釋義】

4.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinthepassageisto______.4.作者在文章中的主要目的是為了______。

A.praisethepropagandamethodsofothernationsA.贊揚其他國家的宣傳方法

B.encouragethespreadofdemocracytounderdevelopedlandsB.鼓勵在欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)推廣民主

C.urgegreaterdevotiontotheidealsofdemocracyC.敦促人們更加獻(xiàn)身于民主的理想

D.criticizethosewhoputself-interestaheadoftheinterestsoftheircountryD.批評那些把個人利益置于國家利益之上的人

【考查點】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“太多的公民只把民主理解為一種口號，而沒有真正的概念，即民主在實踐中意味著我們必須容忍不受歡迎的思想的表達(dá)”，綜合理解全文可知，整個文章都在講民主原則以及對它的正確理解，鼓勵人們?yōu)閯?chuàng)立一個更加美好的世界而努力，所以作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是敦促大家更多地獻(xiàn)身于民主的理想。該題選擇C項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A項“贊揚其他國家的宣傳方法”和B項“鼓勵在欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)推廣民主”在文中沒有提及，屬于無中生有；

D項“批評那些把個人利益置于國家利益之上的人”在文中雖然提到了，但并不是文章主旨，屬于以偏概全。

9.單選題

Thedoctortoldthestudentsthata(n)（

）diseasewasonethatcouldbepassedfromonepersontoanother.

問題1選項

A.effective

B.infectious

C.coherent

D.inherent

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項effective“有效的，起作用的”；B選項infectious“傳染的”；C選項coherent“連貫的，一致的”；D選項inherent“固有的，內(nèi)在的”。

句意：醫(yī)生告訴學(xué)生傳染病是一種可以從一個人傳染給另一個人的疾病。infectiousdisease意為“傳染病”，所以選項B正確。

10.單選題

Government（）theuseofseatbeltsinallcars.

問題1選項

A.prevails

B.provokes

C.mediates

D.mandates

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析。句意：政府（）在所有車中使用安全帶。

prevail勝過，獲勝，生效，流行；provoke激起，挑釁；mediate調(diào)解，斡旋，居中；man-date授權(quán)，托管，強制。D選項“強制”符合句意。

11.單選題

Whenitbecameclearthatmanagementandtheunioncouldnotsettletheirdifferences,thepresident_______tosettletheargument.

問題1選項

A.interacted

B.intervened

C.interconnected

D.interviewed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項“interacted”意為“交流；溝通；合作；相互影響”；B選項“intervened”意為“干涉；調(diào)停；插入”；C選項“interconnected”意為“使互相連接”；D選項“interviewed”意為“采訪；接見；對……進(jìn)行面談；對某人進(jìn)行面試”。句意：當(dāng)資方和工會顯然無法解決分歧時，主席出面解決了爭論。由題干可知，資方和工會無法解決分歧，需要一個第三方來干涉調(diào)停以解決爭論。因此B選項符合題意。

12.單選題

Oneofthegoodthingsformeninwomen’sliberationishatmennolongerhavetopaywomentheold-fashionedcourtesies

Inanarticleonthenewmanners,MrsHolmessaysthataperfectlyablewomannolongerhastoacthelplesslyinpublicasifshewereamodel.Forexample,shedoesn'tneedhelpgettinginandoutofcars.“Womengetinandoutofearstwentytimesadaywithbabiesanddogs.Surelythecangetoutbythemselvesatnightjustaseasily.”

Shealsosaysthereisnoreasonwhyamanshouldwalkontheoutsideofawomanonthesidewalk.Historically,themanwalkedontheinsidesohecaughtthegarbagethrownoutofawindow.Todayamanissupposedtowalkontheoutside.Amanshouldwalkwherehewantsto.Soshouldawoman.If,outofloveandrespect,heactuallywantstotaketheblows,heshouldwalkontheinside—becausethat’swhereattackersareallhidingthesedays.

Asfarasmannersareconcerned,IsupposeIhavealwaysbeenasupporterofwomen’sliberation.Overtheyears,outofasenseofrespect,Iimagine,Ihaverefusedtotroublewomenwithoutdatedcourtesies.

Itisusuallyeasiertofollowrulesofsocialbehaviorthantodependonone'sowntaste.Butrulesmayhesafelybroken,ofcourse,bythoseofuswiththegiftofnaturalgrace.Forexample,whenamanandawomanareledtotheirtableinarestaurantandthewaiterpullsoutachair,thewomanisexpectedtositinthechair.ThatisaccordingtoMs.AnnClark.Ihavealwaysdoneittheotherway,accordingtomylife.

Itcameuponlytheothernight.Ifollowedthehostesstothetable,andwhenshepulledthechairoutIsatonit,quitenaturally,sinceithappenedtobethechairIwantedtositin.

“Well,”mywifesaid,whenthehostesshadgone,“youdiditagain.”

“Didwhat?”Iasked,utterlyconfused.

“Tookthechair.”

Actually,sinceI’dwalkedthroughtherestaurantaheadofmywife,itwouldhavebeenawkward,Ishouldthink,nottohavetakenthechair.Ihadgottherefirst,afterall.

Also,ithasalwaysbeenmycustomtogetinacarfirst,andletthewomangetinbyherself.ThisiscourtesyIinsistonasthestrongersex,outofloveandrespect.Intimeslikethese,theremightbeattackershiddenabout.Itwouldbeunsuitabletoputawomaninacarandthenshutthedooronher,leavingheratthemercyofsomehadfellowwhomightbehidinginthebackseat.

1.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat______.

2.What'stheauthor'sattitudeaboutthewholequestionofmannersandwomen'sliberation?

3.Ms.AnnClarkwouldmostprobablyagreethat______.

4.Bysaying"youdiditagain"(Para.7),theauthorswifemeansthat______.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhytheauthorgetsintoacarbeforeawoman?

問題1選項

A.itcanbreakrulesofsocialbehaviors

B.inwomen'sliberationmenarealsoliberated

C.womenarebecomingmorecompetentthanbefore

D.menshouldwalkontheoutsideofapavement

問題2選項

A.Serious

B.Critical

C.Joking

D.Satirical

問題3選項

A.Ms.Holmes'sopinionsonthenewmannersarejustified

B.theauthorisamanwiththegiftofnaturalgrace

C.oneshouldfollowsocialcustominsteadofhisowntaste

D.menandwomenareequalinmostofthesocialevents

問題4選項

A.theauthorshouldhaveshownhispolitenessbypullingoutthechairforher

B.theauthorshouldnothavesatdownbeforeshedid

C.theauthorshouldnothavesatinthechairpulledoutbythewaitress

D.theauthorshouldhavewalkedbehindher

問題5選項

A.Heintendstobepolitetothewoman.

B.Hedoesthatbyforceofhabit.

C.Hewantstoprotectthewomanfromhiddendanger.

D.Hethinkswomennowadaysareascapableasmen.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的第一句“Oneofthegoodthingsformeninwomen’sliberationisthatmennolongerhavetopaywomentheold-fashionedcourtesies．”對男性來說,婦女解放帶來的一個好處就是男人不用遵守尊重婦女的舊式禮節(jié)了。由此可知,在婦女解放過程中,男性也得到了解放,所以選項B符合原文。

2.從作者的敘述方式看,作者在討論舉止風(fēng)度以及婦女解放問題時帶有調(diào)侃語氣。例如,在第四段的第二句中,作者說,他拒絕用一些過時的禮節(jié)來麻煩女士(事實上對女性表示禮貌恭維談不上是“麻煩”),而且之所以這樣,是出于一種尊敬。又如,在第五段第二句中,作者將自己看作是那些具有“天然風(fēng)度”(naturalgrace)的男士,而所謂“天然”,卻是一切順其自然,不受社會禮儀規(guī)范所約束。由此可以確定選項C為正確答案。

3.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“AnnClark”定位到第五段的后半部分,AnnClark認(rèn)為當(dāng)一名男性和一名女性被帶到餐桌子前,服務(wù)員拿出一把椅子,坐在椅子上的應(yīng)該是女性。說明AnnClark比較贊同傳統(tǒng)的社會行為規(guī)則,而作者的做法恰好與其相反,他喜歡順著自己的意愿。所以選項C符合原文。

4.根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知,作者坐在那把椅子上的原因是因為那個正是他想坐的椅子,而且他是在妻子的前面到達(dá)的,這是作者的一種習(xí)慣。所以作者的妻子認(rèn)為作者不應(yīng)該按照自己的習(xí)慣坐在那把椅子上,所以選項C正確。

5.根據(jù)原文最后一段內(nèi)容可知,作者比女性先上車的原因,首先這是他的一個習(xí)慣,其次是出于禮貌,愛和尊重,以及保護(hù)女性的安全避免受到潛在的襲擊。只有選項D不正確。

13.單選題

Weshouldmaintainourcultural（），whichrepresentsthedeepmemoryofournation.

問題1選項

A.agency

B.tendency

C.legacy

D.fancy

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我們應(yīng)該維護(hù)好代表我們民族最深刻記憶的文化遺產(chǎn)。

考查名詞辨析。Agency服務(wù)機構(gòu),(尤指)代理機構(gòu);tendency偏好,性情,趨勢;legacy遺產(chǎn),遺贈財物,遺留;fancy想象的事物,想象(力)。故C符合句意。

14.不定項選擇題

I.(LegalHistory)

Thepoliticalinstitutionsthatwerefirst,establishedintheQinDynastyhadseveralimportantfeaturesthatlastedforalmosttwothousandyearsinChina.Thefirstisstrongemphasisontherulebylaw(byalargeandrelativelyefficientbureaucracy)butwithlittleconstraintontheemperor.Second,politicaldictatorshipbasedonideologicalmonopoly.Third,localgovernmentsareorganizedinasystemcalledprefecturesandcounties.Thefourthfeatureisthepersonnelsystemforpublicofficesthatreliedfirstonrecommendationandthenonstandardexams.

“AUthingsaredeterminedbytheemperornomattertheyaresmallorbig”,soconcludedanancientscholaronQin’spoliticalinstitutions.Legalismschool,whichisveryattractivetodictators,wasemployedbytheQinStateintheirquesttounifythecountry.ThecrueltyofQin’srulewasrevealedbynotonlythedetailedclassificationofitslawsbutalsohowitcollapsedinlessthan20yearsafterconqueringtheotherstates.Althoughthefollowingdynastiesmoreorlesssoftenedtheirrule,Qin’sinfluenceremaineddominant.ItisaconsensusthatChina’spoliticalinstitutionsweresorepressivethatpeoplehadnowaytoparticipateinpublicdecisionmaking.Intellectualshadbecomesimplyreservesforabureaucraticgovernment.

Thepoliticaldictatorshipwasbuiltonideologicalmonopoly.TheFirstEmperorwasnotoriousforordering“burningbooksandburyingscholars”.ShortlyafterQinunifiedChina,WuEmperorinHanDynastystartedtopromotethemonopolyofConfucianismandbanotherschoolsofthinking.ThismovementhadsuccessfullyestablishedthemonolithicstatusofChineseintellectualsinthefollowingtwothousandyears.Thiskindofideologicalmonopolywasnotdesignedforanypublicparticipationindecisionmaking.Instead,itwasforeliteswhodevotedthemselvestotheroyalfamily.

Thelocalgovernmentsystemofcountiesandprefectures,thebasicpatternofwhichisstillvisibleinmodernChina,wasalsoestablishedintheQinDynasty.Thissystemdiffersfromthefeudalsysteminthesensethatalllocalofficialsweredirectlyresponsibletotheemperor.ForabigempirelikeChina,howtogovernthecountryefficientlyandeffectivelybecameabigproblem.Ontheonehand,localgovernancewascriticaltosustainingthecontroloverthecountry.Ontheotherhand,whosatinpublicofficesbecamecrucialtothesuccessorfailureofeachdynastyortohowpublicinterestsarerepresented.

FengDeng:“EndogenousEvolutionofPatriarchalClanSysteminAncientChina”

51.Thefirstsentenceoftheparagraphsmeansthat___lastedforalmosttwothousandyearsinChina.

52.WhichstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothesecondparagraph?

53.Thereflectionofideologicalmonopolywas___.

54.Thegovernment,systemofQinDynastydiffersfromthefeudalsysteminthesensethat___.

問題1選項

A.thepoliticalinstitutions

B.theimportantfeaturesofthepoliticalinstitutions

C.theQinDynasty

D.thepoliticalinstitutionsestablishedintheQinDynasty

問題2選項

A.QinDynasty,althoughhavingashortlife,hadstronginfluencestolaterdynasties.

B.ThatpeopledidnotparticipateindecisionmakinginancientChinaisagenerallyacceptedopinion.

C.Thebureaucraticgovernmentselecteditsofficialsfromintellectuals.

D.TheEmperorwasnotthesolegovernoroftheQinDynasty.

問題3選項

A.“burningbooksandburyingscholars”

B.themonopolyofConfucianismandbanotherschoolsofthinking

C.zeropublicparticipationindecisionmaking

D.intellectualsdevotingthemselvestotheroyalfamily

問題4選項

A.allChineselocalofficialsweredirectlyresponsibletotheemperor

B.countyandprefecturegovernmentsweresetup

C.alllocalofficialsofthefeudalsystemweredirectlyresponsibletotheemperor

D.localgovernancewascriticaltosustainingthecontroloverthecountry

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A、B

第4題:A

【解析】51.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段Thepoliticalinstitutionsthatwerefirst,establishedintheQinDynastyhadseveralimportantfeaturesthatlastedforalmosttwothousandyearsinChina.（最早建立于秦朝的政治制度有幾個重要的特點，在中國延續(xù)了近兩千年）可知選D選項“秦朝建立的政治制度”；A選項“政治機構(gòu)”，B選項“政治體制的重要特征”，以及C選項“秦朝”不符合原文。因此D選項正確。

52.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段“AUthingsaredeterminedbytheemperornomattertheyaresmallorbig”,soconcludedanancientscholaronQin’spoliticalinstitutions.（“非盟之事，無論大小，都由皇帝決定”，古代學(xué)者對秦政治制度的總結(jié)是這樣的）可知D選項“皇帝不是秦朝唯一的統(tǒng)治者”和原文不符；第二段ThecrueltyofQin’srulewasrevealedbynotonlythedetailedclassificationofitslawsbutalsohowitcollapsedinlessthan20yearsafterconqueringtheotherstates.Althoughthefollowingdynastiesmoreorlesssoftenedtheirrule,Qin’sinfluenceremaineddominant（秦朝統(tǒng)治的殘酷不僅體現(xiàn)在其法律的詳細(xì)分類上，還體現(xiàn)在它征服其他國家后不到20年的時間里是如何崩潰的。盡管后來的朝代或多或少地軟化了他們的統(tǒng)治，但秦朝的影響仍然占主導(dǎo)地位）可知A選項“秦朝的歷史雖短，但對后世的影響卻很大”符合原文；結(jié)合第二段第一句以及第二段ItisaconsensusthatChina’spoliticalinstitutionsweresorepressivethatpeoplehadnowaytoparticipateinpublicdecisionmaking.（人們普遍認(rèn)為，中國的政治體制過于壓制，人們無法參與公共決策）可知B選項“在古代中國，人們不參與決策是一種普遍接受的觀點”符合原文；第二段Intellectualshadbecomesimplyreservesforabureaucraticgovernment.（知識分子已經(jīng)變成了官僚政府的儲備）可知C選項“官僚政府從知識分子中挑選官員”符合原文。因此D選項符合題意。

53.【試題答案】A,B

【試題解析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“ideologicalmonopoly”定位到第三段Thepoliticaldictatorshipwasbuiltonideologicalmonopoly.TheFirstEmperorwasnotoriousforordering“burningbooksandburyingscholars”.ShortlyafterQinunifiedChina,WuEmperorinHanDynastystartedtopromotethemonopolyofConfucianismandbanotherschoolsofthinking.（政治獨裁是建立在意識形態(tài)壟斷的基礎(chǔ)上的。秦始皇因下令“焚書坑儒”而臭名昭著。秦朝統(tǒng)一中國后不久，漢武帝就開始提倡壟斷儒學(xué)，取締其他學(xué)派）可知選A選項“焚書坑儒”和B選項“儒家思想的壟斷和其他學(xué)派思想的禁止”；C選項“公眾參與決策為零”和D選項“知識分子獻(xiàn)身于王室”原文未提及。因此A，B選項正確。

54.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段Thelocalgovernmentsystemofcountiesandprefectures,thebasicpatternofwhichisstillvisibleinmodernChina,wasalsoestablishedintheQinDynasty.Thissystemdiffersfromthefeudalsysteminthesensethatalllocalofficialsweredirectlyresponsibletotheemperor.（縣府地方政府制度在秦朝也已確立，其基本格局在近代中國仍可見。這種制度不同于封建制度，所有地方官員都直接對皇帝負(fù)責(zé)）可知選A選項“所有中國地方官員都直接對皇帝負(fù)責(zé)”，同時可知B選項“設(shè)立縣、州政府”錯誤，未提及州政府；C選項“所有封建制度下的地方官員都直接對皇帝負(fù)責(zé)”和原文不符；文中未提及D選項“地方治理對維持對國家的控制至關(guān)重要”是否是秦朝的制度與封建制度的不同之處，排除。因此A選項正確。

15.寫作題

Directions:

Studythefollowingsetofdrawingscarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould

1)describethesetofdrawings,interpretitsmeaning,and

2)pointoutitsimplicationsinourlife.

Youshouldwriteabout200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

【答案】參考范文

Asisshowninthetwopictures,thesameflowerhasdifferentfatewhenputindifferentsituations.Whenthereisprotection,theflowerbloomsbeautifully.However,whenexposeddirectlytorainandstorm,theflowerquicklywithers.Wecansafelycometotheconclusionthatgreenhouseflowerscannotwithstandrainandstorm.

Thesameistruewithourchildren.Astheone-childpolicyisadoptedinChina,moreandmoreparentsoverprotecttheirchildren.Witheverythingdoneforthemandeveryneedsatisfiedbytheirparentsorgrandparents,theseonlychildrenseemtobehealthy,happyandhigh-spirited.Butwhentheyleavehome,theybecomedisappointedandfrustrated.Facingharshthingstheyhaveneverexperiencedbefore,suchascompetitionfrompeers,criticismfromsupervisors,pressurefordeadlinesandrestrictionfordiscipline,theywillbeataloss,miserableorevendesperate.Infact,themoreprotectiontheygetfromtheirparents,thelessabilitytheyacquire.Parents’lovefortheirchildrenturnsouttobeadisaster.

Children,likeflowers,shouldbetreatedwithcare,butreasonableandsensiblewaysofdoingthingswillhelptobringaboutmorefruitfulresults,ifwenotonlyloveo