考研考博-英語-南京財經(jīng)大學(xué)紅山學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南京財經(jīng)大學(xué)紅山學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thehumanearcontainstheorganforhearingandtheorganforbalance.Bothorgansinvolvefluid-filledchannelscontaininghaircellsthatproduceelectrochemicalimpulseswhenthehairsarestimulatedbymovingfluid.

Theearcanbedividedintothreeregions:outer,middle,andinner.Theouterearcollectssoundwavesanddirectsthemtotheeardrumseparatingtheouterearfromthemiddleear.Themiddleearconductssoundvibrationsthroughthreesmallbonestotheinnerear.Theinnerearisanetworkofchannelscontainingfluidthatmovesinresponsetosoundormovement.

Toperformthefunctionofhearing,theearconvertstheenergyofpressurewavesmovingthroughtheairintonerveimpulsesthatthebrainperceivesassound.Vibratingobjects,suchasthevocalcordsofaspeakingperson,createwavesinthesurroundingair.Thesewavescausetheeardrumtovibratewiththesamefrequency.Thethreebonesofthemiddleearamplifyandtransmitthevibrationstotheovalwindow,amembraneonthesurfaceofthecochlea,theorganofhearing.Vibrationsoftheovalwindowproducepressurewavesinthefluidinsidethecochlea.Haircellsinthecochleaconverttheenergyofthevibratingfluidintoimpulsesthattravelalongtheauditorynervetothebrain.

Theorganforbalanceisalsolocatedintheinnerear.Sensationsrelatedtobodypositionaregeneratedmuchlikesensationsofsound.Haircellsintheinnerearrespondtochangesinheadpositionwithrespecttogravityandmovement.Gravityisalwayspullingdownonthehairs,sendingaconstantseriesofimpulsestothebrain.Whenthepositionoftheheadchanges—aswhentheheadbendsforward—theforceonthehaircellschangesitsoutputofnerveimpulses.Thebraintheninterpretsthesechangestodeterminethehead'snewposition.

1.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheorgansforhearingandbalance?

2.HearinginvolvesallofthefollowingEXCEPT（）

3.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraphs2and3thatthecochleaisapartof（）

4.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4aboutgravity?

5.Inthispassage,theauthormainlyexplains（）

問題1選項

A.Bothorgansevolvedinhumansatthesametime.

B.Bothorganssendnerveimpulsestothebrain.

C.Bothorganscontainthesameamountoffluid.

D.Bothorgansarelocatedintheear'smiddleregion.

問題2選項

A.motionofthevocalcordssothattheyvibrate

B.stimulationofhaircellsinfluid-filledchannels

C.amplificationofsoundvibrations

D.conversionofwaveenergyintonerveimpulses

問題3選項

A.theouterear

B.theeardrum

C.themiddleear

D.theinnerear

問題4選項

A.Gravityhasanessentialroleinthesenseofbalance.

B.Theearconvertsgravityintosoundwavesintheair.

C.Gravityisaforcethatoriginatesinthehumanear.

D.Theorganforhearingisnotsubjecttogravity.

問題5選項

A.theorgansofthehumanear

B.thefunctionofthehearing

C.thethreeregionsoftheear

D.howtheearorganperformsthehearingandbalance

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句可知，選項B符合原文，選項A，C在文中未提及。根據(jù)第四段第一句"Theorganforbalanceisalsolocatedintheinnerear"可知選項D錯誤。

第2題:事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Vibratingobjects,suchasthevocalcordsofaspeakingperson,createwavesinthesurroundingair.”振動的物體，比如一個講話的人的聲帶會在周圍的空氣中產(chǎn)生聲波，由此可知，選項A為speaking方面的內(nèi)容而不是hearing，故答案為A。

第3題:信息推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“cochlea”定位到第三段的第四句“Thethreebones...theorganofhearing.中耳的三根骨頭將（聲波的）振動放大并傳遞到耳蝸的薄膜。再根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Theinnerearisanetworkofchannelscontainingfluidthatmovesinresponsetosoundormovement.”內(nèi)耳是一個包含液體的通道網(wǎng)絡(luò)，這些液體隨著聲音或運動而運動。結(jié)合兩者，由此推斷耳蝸應(yīng)該位于內(nèi)耳。所以選項D正確。

第4題:信息推斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“gravity”定位到第四段，內(nèi)耳中的毛細(xì)胞會對頭部位置的變化做出反應(yīng)，這些變化與重力和運動相關(guān)。之后詳細(xì)說明重力是如何影響腦部的位置變化的。而第四段的首句提到，平衡器官位于內(nèi)耳，所以選項A中提及重力對于平衡感起到了舉足輕重的作用，符合原文。

第5題:信息歸納題。第一段的第一句為本文的中心句。全文主要分析了耳朵是如何發(fā)揮聽力和平衡功能的。選項A，B，C太片面，只有選項D是全面的。

2.單選題

Asoneoftheyoungestprofessorsintheuniversity,Mr.Browniscertainlyonthe（

）ofabrilliantcareer.

問題1選項

A.porch

B.threshold

C.edge

D.course

【答案】B

【解析】考察介詞短語搭配。沒有ontheporch這個搭配，排除選項A；onthethreshold“即將開始”；ontheedgeof“在……的邊緣”；onthecourseof“在……的過程中”。句意：作為學(xué)校里最年輕的教授，布朗先生正處在輝煌事業(yè)的開始階段。選項B符合題意。

3.單選題

Theconsumer（）inrecentyearshasledtoanexplosionofshoppingcenterdevelopmentinbigcitieslikeBeijing,ShanghaiandCanton.

問題1選項

A.boom

B.pressure

C.summit

D.volume

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項boom“繁榮，迅速發(fā)展”；B選項pressure“迫使，密封”；C選項summit“頂峰，頂點”；D選項volume“成團卷起”。句意：近幾年的消費（）促使北京、上海和廣州這樣的大城市中的購物中心快速地發(fā)展起來。這里的意思是“消費的繁榮使得購物中心發(fā)展”，因此A選項符合題意。

4.單選題

Mrs.Greenreceivedan（）letterthreateningtoexposeherprivatelifeifsherefusedtopay$10,000.

問題1選項

A.anonymous

B.apparent

C.arbitrary

D.artificial

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：格林太太收到了一封匿名信，威脅說如果她拒絕支付10000美元，就要揭露她的私生活。因此選A。

5.單選題

Itwasthebiggestscientificgrudgematchsincethespacerace.TheGenomeWarshadeverythingtwogroupswithappealing-leadersreadytofightinascientificdeadheatpushingthelimitsoftechnologyandrhetoricastheybattledtobecomethefirsttoreadeverylastoneofthe3billionDNA“l(fā)etters”inthehumanbody.Thescientificimportanceoftheworkisunquestionable.

ThecompletedDNAsequenceisexpectedtogivescientistsunprecedentedinsightsintotheworkingsofthehumanbody,revolutionizingmedicineandbiology.Buttheraceitself,betweenthegovernment’sHumanGenomeProjectandRockville,Md.,biotechnologycompanyCeleraGenomics,wasatleastpartlysymbolic,thepublic/privateconflictplayedoutinagenericlab.

Nowtheraceisover.Afteryearsofpublicattacksandseveralfailedattemptsatreconciliation,thetwosidesaretakingasteptowardaperiodofcalm.HGPheadFrancisCollins(andAriPatrinosoftheDepartmentofEnergy,animportantallyonthegovernmentside)andCraigVenter,thefounderofCelera,agreedtoholdajointpressconferenceinWashingtonthisMondaytodeclarethattheracewasover(sortof),thatbothsideshadwon(kindof)andthatThehostilitieswereresolved(forthetimebeing).

Nooneisexactlysurehowthingswillbedifferentnow.Neithersidewillbeturningoffitssequencingmachinesanytimesoon—the"finishlines”eachhascrossedarelargelyarbitrarypoints,"firstdrafts"ratherthanthedefinitiveversion.Andwhilethejoint-announcementbringsfileformerGenomeWarriorsclosertogetherthanthey’rebeeninyears,insiderssaythatfutureagreementsaremorelikely’totaketheformofcoordination,rather-thanoutrightcollaboration.

Theconflictblewup,thisFebruarywhenBritain'sWelcomeTrustanHGPparticipantreleasedaconfidentiallettertoCeteraoutliningtheHGP'scomplaints.Ventercalledthemove“alowlifethingtodo.”Butbyspring,therewerethefirstsignsofathaw.“Theattacksandnastinessarebadforscienceandourinvestors,"VentertoldNewsweekinMarch,“andfightingbackisprobablynothelpful."Atacancermeetingearlierthismonth,VenterandCollinspraisedeachother’sapproaches,andexpressedhopethatallofthescientistsinvolvedinsequencingthehumangenomewouldbeabletosharethecredit.Bylatelastweek,thathopewasbecomingarealityasdetailsforMonday'sjointannouncementwerehammeredout.Scientistsinbothcampswelcomedanendtothehostilities."Ifthisendsthehorserace,sciencewins."Withtheirdifferencebehindthem,oratleastsetaside,thescientistsshouldnowbeabletogetdowntotheinterestingstuff:figuringhowtomakeuseofallthatdata.

1.TherecentGenomeWarsweresymbolicof（

）.

2.Thetone-oftheauthorinreportingthejointpressconferencethisMondayis

（

）.

3.Itisimpliedinthethirdparagraphthat

（

）.

4.Theword"thaw"(Line3,Paragraph4)mostprobablymeans

（

）.

5.Thecriticalissuefacingthescientistsisto（

）.

問題1選項

A.theenthusiasminscientificresearch

B.thesignificanceofthespacerace

C.thepublicversusprivateconflict

D.theprospectofthecompletionofDNAsequence

問題2選項

A.astonished

B.enthusiastic

C.disappointed"

D.objective

問題3選項

A.the"finishlines"referstocompletionofDNAresearch.

B.formerGenomeWarriorswillneverfightagain.

C.theformerwarriorsarenowcollaborators

D.bothsideswillstillworkonindependently

問題4選項

A.aggravationoftension

B.improvementinrelation

C.intensificationinattacks

D.endingofcoordination

問題5選項

A.applythenewly-foundknowledgetothebenefitofmankind

B.endtheirhorseraceforthesuccessofscience

C.getdowntotheirgenomeresearch

D.settheirdifferencesaside

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句Buttheraceitself,betweenthegovernment’sHumanGenomeProjectandRockville,Md.,biotechnologycompanyCeleraGenomics,wasatleastpartlysymbolic,thepublic/privateconflictplayedoutinagenericlab可知選項C符合題意。

2.文章第二段最后對周一記者招待會進(jìn)行了報道。根據(jù)…declarethattheracewasover(sortof),thatbothsideshadwon(kindof)andthatThehostilitieswereresolved(forthetimebeing)可知作者對該會議的報道客觀，引用會議雙方的申明。所以選項D符合題意。

3.文章倒數(shù)第二段提到盡管共同宣言使得以前的基因勇士們比幾年前更加親密，內(nèi)部人員未來達(dá)成的共識可能更多采取協(xié)調(diào)的形式，而不是直接的合作（Andwhilethejoint-announcementbringsfileformerGenomeWarriorsclosertogetherthanthey’rebeeninyears,insiderssaythatfutureagreementsaremorelikely’totaketheformofcoordination,rather-thanoutrightcollaboration）。選項D“雙方會繼續(xù)獨立工作”與這個說法切合，因此符合題意。

4.文章倒數(shù)第一段一開始提到戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)（blewup），第三句Butbyspring,therewerethefirstsignsofathaw，“but”轉(zhuǎn)折指出第一次有“thaw”的跡象，接著又提到賽來拉公司創(chuàng)始人認(rèn)為對抗不好，可以推斷出雙方關(guān)系得到改善，thaw有“解凍”的意思，選項B符合題意。

5.文章最后一句提到把矛盾拋諸腦后，或者至少應(yīng)該放在一邊，科學(xué)家們應(yīng)該能夠好好研究這個有趣的問題了，即怎么利用這些數(shù)據(jù)（Withtheirdifferencebehindthem,oratleastsetaside,thescientistsshouldnowbeabletogetdowntotheinterestingstuff:figuringhowtomakeuseofallthatdata）。選項A符合題意。

6.單選題

Clothesplayacriticalroleintheconclusionswereachbyprovidingcluestowhopeopleare,whotheyarenot,andwhotheywouldliketobe.Theytellusagooddealaboutthewearer’sbackground,personality,status,moodandsocialoutlook.

Sinceclothesaresuchanimportantsourceofsocialinformation,weusethemtomanipulatepeople’simpressionofus.Ourappearanceassumesparticularsignificanceintheinitialphasesofinteractionthatislikelytooccur.Anelderlymiddle-classmanorwomanmaybealienatedbyayoungadultwhoisdressedinanunconventionalmanner,regardlessoftheperson’seducation,background,orinterests.

Peopletendtoagreeonwhatcertaintypesofclothesmean.Adolescentgirlscaneasilyagreeonthelifestylesofgirlswhowearcertainoutfit,includingthenumberofboyfriendstheylikelyhavehadandwhethertheysmokeordrink.Newscasters,ortheannouncerswhoreadthenewsonTV,areconsideredtobemoreconvincing,honest,andcompetentwhentheyaredressedconservatively.Andcollegestudentswhoviewthemselvesastakinganactiveroleintheirinterpersonalrelationshipssaytheyareconcernedaboutthecostumestheymustweartoplaytheserolessuccessfully.Moreover,manyofuscanrelateinstancesinwhichtheclothesweworechangedthewaywefeltaboutourselvesandhowweacted.Perhapsyouhaveusedclothingtogainconfidencewhenyouanticipatedastressfulsituation,suchasajobinterview,oracourtappearance.

Intheworkplace,menhavelonghadwell-definedprecedentsandrolemodelsforachievingsuccess.Ithasbeenotherwiseforwomen.Agoodmanywomeninthebusinessworldareuncertainabouttheappropriatemixtureof“masculine”and“feminine”attributestheyshouldconveybytheirprofessionalclothing.Thevarietyofclothingalternativestowomenhasalsobeengreaterthanthatavailableformen.Maleadministratorstendtojudgewomenmorefavorablyformanagerialpositionswhenthewomendisplayless“feminine”grooming—shorterhair,moderateuseofmake-up,andplaintailoredclothing.Asonemaleadministratorconfessed,“Anattractivewomanisdefinitelygoingtogetalongerinterview,butshewon’tgetajob.”

1.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,anelderlymiddle-classmanandanunconventionallydressedyoungmanmaybeunableto______.

2.Theauthorusesthenewscasters’exampletoillustratetheideathat______.

3.Men’sprofessionalclothingcanbestbedescribedas“______”.

4.Whatcanwomendowiththeirprofessionalclothingaccordingtothepassage?

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

問題1選項

A.understandeachother’slifestyle

B.sharethesamebackgroundorinterests

C.manipulatetheirimpressiononeachother

D.entertheinitialphaseofapotentialinteraction

問題2選項

A.certainclothinggivespeoplemoreconfidence

B.clotheshavenothingtodowithone’sabilities

C.wetendtostereotypepeoplebytheirclothes

D.competentpeoplearedressedconventionally

問題3選項

A.conventional

B.individualistic

C.out-of-date

D.undiversified

問題4選項

A.Theymustbedressedconservatively.

B.Theydon’thaveanexplicitdressingstyletofollow.

C.Theychooseeithermasculineorfeminineclothing.

D.Theycan’twearunconventionaloutfit.5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

問題5選項

A.DressingandtheEffect.

B.DressingandPersonality.

C.DressingUpAppropriately.

D.DressingandManagement.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)第二段，一個上了年紀(jì)的中產(chǎn)階級的男人和一個穿著非常不合常規(guī)的年輕人可能無法……”。第二段提到Sinceclothesaresuchanimportantsourceofsocialinformation,weusethemtomanipulatepeople'simpressionofus.Ourappearanceassumesparticularsignificanceintheinitialphasesofinteractionthatislikelytooccur.（因為衣服是社會信息的一個重要來源，我們用它們來操縱人們對我們的印象。我們的外貌在可能發(fā)生的互動的最初階段具有特殊的意義。），接著就提到了不管一個人的教育、背景或興趣，一個上了年紀(jì)的中產(chǎn)階級男人或女人可能會被一個穿著不合常規(guī)的年輕人疏遠(yuǎn)；由此可知，造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因就是外貌在可能發(fā)生的互動的最初階段具有特殊的意義，如果穿著風(fēng)格大相徑庭，那么他們就無法進(jìn)入潛在相互作用的初始階段，因此，D項“進(jìn)入潛在相互作用的初始階段”正確；A項“理解彼此的生活方式”沒有提到；B項“有相同的背景或興趣”，這個不是造成這種現(xiàn)象的結(jié)果；C項“操縱他們對彼此的印象”，文中提到的是人們用衣服來操縱他們對彼此的印象，該項不符合題干。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者用新聞廣播員的例子來說明……”。第三段第一句提到Peopletendtoagreeonwhatcertaintypesofclothesmean.（人們傾向于對特定類型的衣服的含義達(dá)成一致），這是該段的中心句，接著后面舉了青春期女孩、新聞廣播員和大學(xué)生的例子來支持這一觀點，所以C項“我們傾向于對人的衣著有成見”符合題意；A項“某些衣服能給人更多的自信”只是其中一個例子；B項“衣服與一個人的能力無關(guān)”，該段表達(dá)的中心意思是合適的衣服會顯得一個人有能力的樣子，所以該項不正確；D項“有能力的人穿著傳統(tǒng)”順序翻倒，穿著傳統(tǒng)的人會令人看起來能干，該項也不正確。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“男士職業(yè)裝的最佳描述是……”。第四段提到Intheworkplace,menhavelonghadwell-definedprecedentsandrolemodelsforachievingsuccess…Thevarietyofclothingalternativestowomenhasalsobeengreaterthanthatavailableformen.（在職場中，男性長期以來都有明確的成功先例和榜樣……對服飾的選擇方面，女性的選擇遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于男性），由此可以推理，男性的職業(yè)裝應(yīng)該是模式化，變化少，所以A項“傳統(tǒng)”最符合這個描述；B項“個人主義”和C項“過時”不準(zhǔn)確；D項“千篇一律”為干擾項，雖然男性的服裝變化少，但不代表沒變化。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

4.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“根據(jù)這篇文章，女性可以如何處理她們的職業(yè)裝？”。第四段第二句指出Agoodmanywomeninthebusinessworldareuncertainabouttheappropriatemixtureof“masculine”and“feminine”attributestheyshouldconveybytheirprofessionalclothing.（商界的許多女性都不確定她們應(yīng)該通過職業(yè)裝傳達(dá)什么樣的“男性化”和“女性化”特質(zhì)），后文舉例男性管理者傾向于選擇穿著不那么“女性化”的女性擔(dān)任管理崗位，而一位外表吸引人的女性會獲得更長的面試時間但不會獲得工作；由此可以判斷，女性在職業(yè)裝方面并沒有明確的風(fēng)格可以去遵循，B項“他們沒有明確的著裝風(fēng)格可循”符合題意；A項“他們必須穿著保守”太絕對；C項“他們選擇男性或女性的服裝”表述不準(zhǔn)確；D項“他們不能穿非傳統(tǒng)的服裝”沒有提到。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是什么？”。文章開頭講述的是著裝能夠給人提供很多的信息，接著就著裝的不同影響展開了論述和舉例，因此A項“著裝和影響”最符合文章的主旨；B項“著裝和個性”、C項“適當(dāng)?shù)拇虬纭焙虳項“著裝和管理”都比較片面。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

7.單選題

WhenastronautNeilArmstrongsetfootonthemoonforthefirsttime,onJuly20,1969,itrepresentedoneofthemostinspiringachievementsinman’shistorytomillionsofpeoplethroughouttheworld.ButtoasmallorganizationcalledtheInternationalFlatEarthResearchSociety,itwasnothingmorethanapieceofcleverlystagemanagedscience-fictiontrickery.

AndArmstrong’shistoricwordswhensteppingdownfromtheEaglemodule(宇宙飛船船艙)ontothedustylunarsurfaceabout240,000milesfromearth—“onesmallstepforaman,onegiantleapformankind”—wasaphrasethatcouldhavecomeonlyfromthepenofascriptwriter.

Asforthepicturesreputedly(一般被認(rèn)為地)takeninspaceshowingtheearthtobearotatingsphere,well,theywerejusttooludicrous(可笑的)forwords.Thesun,saytheFlatEarthier,circuitstheearthinsteadoftheearthrevolvingaroundthesun—anotionthatmostpeopletakeforgranted.

Thesociety,whosemembershipiscurrentlyestimatedtobeabout1,400,dismissesmuchofacceptedmodernthinkingabouttheshapeoftheearthassheernonsenseandisconvincedthattheentirehumanraceisbeingsubjectedtothegreatesthoax(騙局)inhistory.

FromitsheadquartersinLancaster,California,thesocietywagesawarofwordsthroughnewslettersandpamphletsagainsttheevilsofscience.

Thesocietywasfoundedabout1800inGreatBritainandtheUnitedStatesand,saysitsAmericanpresidentCharlesJohnson,wasdescendedfromtheZeteticsociety,whichtookitsnamefromanancientGreekphilosophicalschoolofskeptics.Itsurvivedunderthisnameuntil1956,whenitsgeneralsecretary,SamuelShelton,ofKent,England,changedthenametothepresenttitle.

Thesociety’sbeliefisthis:thattheearthisflat,withthelandmassesgroupedaroundthecentralpointoftheNorthPole.

TheAntarcticregionisnotthecompactislandmassitiscommonlybelievedtobebutanimpenetrableice-coldgirdle(環(huán)形物)aroundtheearth.TheFlatEarthierarguethattransantarcticexpeditionshaveneverhappened.Explorers,misledbyinstrumentfaults,merelytraveledanicyarewithinthegirdle.

1.TotheInternationalFlatEarthResearchSociety,man’sfirstlandingonthemoonwas______.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthesociety?

3.Accordingtothesociety’sbelief,______.

4.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthepassage?

5.Thispieceiswritten______.

問題1選項

A.oneofthemostinspiringeventsinman’shistory

B.onlyawell-conductedexperiment

C.justasmartly-performedtrick

D.ascience-fictionpieceproducedbyacertainscriptwriter

問題2選項

A.Itnowhasabout1,400members.

B.ItsheadquartersareinbothGreatBritainandtheUnitedStates.

C.Afteritsfoundationin1800,itwascalledtheZeteticSociety.

D.In1956,SamuelSheltonchangeditsnametothepresenttitle.

問題3選項

A.theearthisflatandtheArcticisanimpenetrableice-coldgirdlearoundtheearth

B.theAntarcticregionisacompactislandmass

C.someexplorershadmadesuccessfultransantarcticexpeditions

D.muchoftheacceptedmodernthinkingabouttheshapeoftheearthissheernonsense

問題4選項

A.TheInternationalFlatEarthResearchSociety

B.Man’sFirstLandingontheMoon

C.TheZeteticSociety

D.TheEvilsofScience

問題5選項

A.inamatter-of-factway

B.inasarcastictone

C.withatouchofirony

D.asajoke

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段最后一句ButtoasmallorganizationcalledtheInternationalFlatEarthResearchSociety,itwasnothingmorethanapieceofcleverlystagemanagedscience-fictiontrickery.（但是對一個叫做國際扁平地球研究協(xié)會的小組織來說，這只不過是一個巧妙的舞臺管理的科幻把戲。），說明國際扁平地球研究協(xié)會認(rèn)為人類首次登月是一個巧妙的把戲。因此C選項“只是一個聰明的把戲”正確。A選項“是人類歷史上最鼓舞人心的事件之一”，B選項“只是一個精心設(shè)計的實驗”，D選項“某位編劇制作的科幻作品”均不符合原文，所以A,B,D錯誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項“它現(xiàn)在有大約1400名成員”，由原文Thesociety,whosemembershipiscurrentlyestimatedtobeabout1,400（該學(xué)會目前的會員人數(shù)估計約有1400人）可知，A選項表述正確，排除A。C選項“在1800年成立后，它被稱為探究協(xié)會”，由原文Thesocietywasfoundedabout1800…wasdescendedfromtheZeteticsociety…Itsurvivedunderthisname（該協(xié)會于1800年左右在英國和美國建立……是探究派的后裔……它一直沿用這個名字）可知，C選項表述正確，排除C。D選項“1956年，塞繆爾?謝爾頓將其名稱改為現(xiàn)在的名稱”，由原文until1956,whenitsgeneralsecretary,SamuelShelton,ofKent,England,changedthenametothepresenttitle.（直到1956年，它的秘書長，來自英國肯特郡的塞繆爾?謝爾頓，把這個名字改為現(xiàn)在的名稱。）可知，D選項表述正確，排除D。B選項“它的總部既在英國又在美國”，由原文FromitsheadquartersinLancaster,California（在位于加州蘭開斯特的總部）可知，它的總部在美國，B選項不符合原文，所以本題選B。

3.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段第二句TheFlatEarthierarguethattransantarcticexpeditionshaveneverhappened.（扁平地球論者認(rèn)為穿越南極的探險從未發(fā)生過。），說明該協(xié)會不認(rèn)同地球是一個球體的觀點。因此D選項“關(guān)于地球形狀的許多公認(rèn)的現(xiàn)代思維完全是無稽之談”正確。A選項“地球是平的，北極地區(qū)是圍繞地球的一個不可逾越的冰冷帶”，由原文可知，他們指的是南極地區(qū)，所以A錯誤。B選項“南極地區(qū)是一個緊湊的島群”，由原文可知，他們認(rèn)為南極地區(qū)并不像人們通常認(rèn)為的那樣是一個緊湊的島群，所以B錯誤。C選項“一些探險家曾成功地進(jìn)行過跨南極探險”，由原文可知，他們認(rèn)為穿越南極的探險從未發(fā)生過，所以C錯誤。

4.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文可知，文章首先引入了國際扁平地球研究協(xié)會這個組織，接著介紹了他們的一系列觀點。因此A選項“國際扁平地球研究協(xié)會”符合文章主旨，最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。B選項“人類首次登月”，C選項“探究學(xué)會”只涉及到了文章的部分內(nèi)容，不能概括文章主旨，所以B,C錯誤。D選項“科學(xué)的弊端”，這是國際扁平地球研究協(xié)會的一個觀點，不符合文章主旨，所以D錯誤。

5.觀點態(tài)度題。結(jié)合全文可知，作者看似客觀地陳述了該協(xié)會的觀點，但文章一開始就正面闡明了登月屬于鼓舞人心的科學(xué)成就，而該協(xié)會卻持有相反觀點，暗含了作者的諷刺之意。因此C選項“帶有諷刺意味”正確。A選項“以實事求是的方式”，B選項“以諷刺的口吻”，D選項“作為一個笑話”均不符合題意，所以A,B,D錯誤。

8.單選題

Itisknowntoallthatchildreninthisregionhavestrong（）toswimminginsummer

becauseofthehotweather.

問題1選項

A.inclination

B.exposure

C.flux

D.correlation

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。inclination傾向；exposure暴露；flux漲潮；熔化；correlation相互關(guān)

系，相關(guān)性。句意:由于夏天天熱，這個地區(qū)的孩子對于游泳都有強烈的。選項A符合句意。

9.單選題

Bothversionsofthemyth一theWestasaplaceofescapefromsocietyandtheWestasastageonwhichthemoralconflictsconfrontingsocietycouldbeplayedout—figuredprominentlyinthehistoriesandessaysofyoungTheodoreRoosevelt，thepaintingsandsculpturesofartistFredericRemington,andtheshortstoriesandnovelsofwriterOwenWister.ThesethreeyoungmembersoftheeasternestablishmentspentmuchtimeintheWestinthe1880s,andeachwasintenselyaffectedbytheadventure.Allthreehadfeltthwartedbytheconstraintsandenervatinginfluenceofthegenteelurbanworldinwhichtheyhadgrownup,andeachwentWesttoexperiencethephysicalchallengesandmoralsimplicitiesextolledinthedimenovels.WhenRooseveltarrivedin1884attheranchhehadpurchasedintheDakotaBadlands,heatonceboughtaleatherscout’suniform,completewithfringedsleevesandleggings.

EachmanalsofoundintheWestpreciselywhathewaslookingfor.ThefrontierthatRooseveltglorifiedinsuchbooksasTheWinningoftheWest(fourvolumes,1889-1896),andthattheprolificRemingtonportrayedinhiswork,wasastarkphysicalandmoralenvironmentthatstrippedawayallsocialartificeandtestedanindividual’strueabilityandcharacter.DrawingonapopularversionofEnglishscientistCharlesDarwin’sevolutionarytheory,whichcharacterizedlifeasastruggleinwhichonlythefittestandhastsurvived,RooseveltandRemingtonexaltedthedisappearingfrontierasthelastoutpostofanhonestandtruesocialorder.

ThisversionofthefrontiermythreacheditsapogeeinOwenWister’senormouslypopularnovelTheVirginian(1902)，laterreincarnatedasa1929GaryCoopermovieanda1960stelevisionseries.InWister’staletheelemental,physicalandsocialenvironmentoftheGreatPlainsproducesindividualslikehisunnamedcowboyhero,“theVirginian”，anhonest,strong,andcompassionateman,quicktohelptheweakandfightthewicked.TheVirginianisoneofnature’saristocrats—ill-educatedandunsophisticatedbutuptight,steady,anddeeplymoral.TheVirginiansumsuphisownmoralcodeindescribinghisviewofGod’sjustice:“Heplaysasquaregamewithus.”ForWister,asforRooseveltandRemington,thecowboywastheChristianknightonthePlains,indifferenttomaterialgainasheheldvirtue,pursuedjustice,andattackedevil.

Needlesstosay,thewesternmythinallitsformswasfarremovedfromtheactualrealityoftheWest.CriticsdelightedinpointingoutthatnoonesceneinTheVirginianactuallyshowedthehardphysicallaborofthecattlerange.TheidealizedversionoftheWestalsoglossedoverthedarkerundersideoffrontierexpansion—thebrutalitiesofIndianwarfare,theforcedremovaloftheIndianstoreservations,theracistdiscriminationagainstMexican-Americansandblacks,therisksandperilsofcommercialagricultureandcattlegrowing,andtheboom-and-bustmentalityrootedintheselfishexploitationofnaturalresources.

1.WhichofthefollowingisprobablythemainreasonfortheauthortomentionTheodoreRoosevelt,FredericRemingtonandOwenWister?

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesTheVirginian？

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsregardingthemythoftheWestis

NOTtrue?

4.Theauthor’sprimarypurposeinwritingthepassageis（）

5.WhatisprobablythereasonforpeopletomakeupalegendaryWest?

問題1選項

A.Theyglorifiedthefrontierlife.

B.Theywereconstrainedbythegenteelurbanworld.

C.TheyspentmuchtimeintheWest.

D.Theywerefamousmembersoftheeasternestablishment.

問題2選項

A.ItisthebestWesternmovieevermadeinHollywood.

B.ItisapopularnovelwrittenbyOwnWisterandTheodoreRoosevelt.

C.Itgivesanaccuratedepictionofthefrontierexperience.

D.ItisoneofthemostsuccessfulbooksabouttheWest.

問題3選項

A.Inoneidealizedview,theWestwasaplaceonecanescapefromsocietyanditspressures.

B.Inoneversionofthemyth,westernfrontiersmanwasdepictedasafiguredeeplyimmersedinsocietyanditsconcerto.

C.Somewritersportrayedthewesternwildernessasasimpleandinnocentsociety.

D.TheextremehardshipofthefrontierlifeisonepowerfulthemeofthelegendaryWest.

問題4選項

A.toperpetuatethemythabouttheWest

B.tointroducethefamouswritersandpaintersoftheWest

C.todistinguishthemythoftheWestandtheactualreality

D.topresentthebrutalitiesofIndianwarfare

問題5選項

A.Theylikedtomakeupstories.

B.Theybelievedwhattheyportrayedweretheactualreality.

C.TheyclungtothemythoftheWestasanuncomplicated,untaintedEdenofsocialsimplicity,andmoralclarityinaneraofunsettlingsocialtransformation.

D.TheywantedtomakeprofitbyluringpeopletotheWest.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：下面哪一個可能是作者提到TheodoreRoosevelt、FredericRemington和OwenWister的主要原因？由關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第一段第一句。文中提到，這三人都是傳揚西部神話的作家和藝術(shù)家，他們的作品都對西部進(jìn)行了美化。因此A選項符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：下面哪個陳述最能描述《弗吉尼亞人》？TheVirginian出現(xiàn)在第三段第一句。A選項的bestWesternmovie與原文“a1929…moive”不符合；文中沒有提到TheodoreRoosevelt與小說有關(guān)，所以排除B選項；C選項的thefrontierexperience與“thefrontiermyth”不符合，因此排除C選項。這本書成功塑造了西部神話，是最成功的關(guān)于西部的書之一，因此D選項符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。題干：根據(jù)這篇文章，下列哪個關(guān)于西方神話的陳述是不正確的？選項A對應(yīng)本文第一段第一句“”；B選項對應(yīng)第三段第二句；C選項對應(yīng)第二段第二句；最后一段提到，《弗吉尼亞人》沒有提到theextremehardship，因此D是不對的。

4.主旨題。題干：作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是______。全文講述了西部神話的發(fā)展歷程和成功，也說到了西部神話和西部現(xiàn)實之間的區(qū)別。不是介紹著名西部作家和藝術(shù)家，因此排除B選項。文章只有最后提到了部分D選項的內(nèi)容，不能代表主旨。因此C選項符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。題干：人們?yōu)槭裁匆M成一個傳奇的西部？文章第二段提到，人們在西部找到了自己正在追尋的事物。在混亂的社會轉(zhuǎn)型時代，西部被認(rèn)為是純粹且未受污染的伊甸園。因此C選項符合題意。

10.單選題

Thepersonheinterviewedwas（）hisformerschoolmate.

問題1選項

A.nootherthan

B.nomorethan

C.noneotherthan

D.nonetheless

【答案】C

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項nootherthan“不是別的…；正是…”；B選項nomorethan“不過；僅僅”；C選項noneotherthan“不是別的…；正是…”；D選項nonetheless“仍然，還是”。句意：他采訪的人正是他以前的同學(xué)。因此A和C都符合句意，但在現(xiàn)代英語中nootherthan不太常用，且多用于指物，而常用noneotherthan來指人，故本題選C。

11.單選題

Onecan’tbeapersonwithuprightfacialfeaturesiffilledwithenvyinhisheart,i