考研考博-英語-南通大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南通大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

TheUnitedNationsConferenceonDrugAbuse,whichtookplaceearlierthisyearinVienna,wasavery（

）meeting.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.productive

B.overwhelming

C.compulsory

D.protective

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。productive“多產(chǎn)的，富有成效的”；overwhelming“壓倒性的”；compulsory“強(qiáng)制的”；protective“保護(hù)的”。句意：今年早些時(shí)候聯(lián)合國在維也納召開的濫用藥品大會(huì)取得了相當(dāng)大的成果。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.單選題

（）prohibitedinmanycountries.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thehuntingofcertainrareanimals

B.Thehuntingofcertainrareanimalsis

C.Huntingcertainrareanimalsare

D.Huntingofcertainrareanimalsare

【答案】B

【解析】語法題。選A沒有謂語動(dòng)詞可首先排除。根據(jù)句意：在許多國家,

捕獲稀有動(dòng)物是被禁止的。這里指的是捕獲稀有動(dòng)物這件事，所以謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該為單數(shù)，不能被前面的animals迷惑，所以本題選B。

3.單選題

In（）timeshumanbebeingsdidn’ttravelforpleasurebuttofindamorefavorableclimate.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prime

B.primitive

C.primary

D.preliminary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)prime“最好的”；B選項(xiàng)primitive“原始的，遠(yuǎn)古的”；C選項(xiàng)primary“最初的”；D選項(xiàng)preliminary“初步的，開始的”。句意：在（）時(shí)代，人類旅行不是為了消遣，而是為了尋找更適宜的氣候。這句話表達(dá)的含義是“在原始時(shí)代……”，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

TomandAlice（）havinganewcartoreplacetheiroldoneforyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasbeendreamingof

B.havebeendreamingof

C.hasdreamed

D.willhavedreamed

【答案】B

【解析】根據(jù)句意可知謂語應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)，首先排除選項(xiàng)A和C，再根據(jù)“foryears”可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.單選題

Housewiveswhodonotgoouttoworkoftenfeeltheyarenotworkingtotheirfull（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.capacity

B.strength

C.length

D.possibility

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)capacity“容量，能力，才能”；B選項(xiàng)strength“力量，毅力”；C選項(xiàng)length“長度，篇幅”；D選項(xiàng)possibility“可能，可能性”。worktoone'scapacity表示“充分發(fā)揮才能”。句意：沒有外出工作的家庭主婦們總感覺她們沒充分發(fā)揮自己的全部才能。

6.單選題

Alltherows,alltheethicalproblemsandallthemoneyspentinpursuingthehumancodeforlifewillhavebeenwellworthitifitfulfillsevenmoreofitsmedicalpromise.

Thepotentialprizescertainlyglitter.Inthefarfuture,itmaybepossibletopreventgeneticdiseasesfrombeinginheritedbycuttingthemoutofthegenepoolonceandforall,so-calledgerm-lineengineering.Atthenearerendofthetimescale,genetictestsareallowingpeopletochoosesuitabletherapiesandlifestylestobeatdisease.Aninbetween,liefurthertantalizingprospects,thousandsofnewdrugsforpreviouslyuntreatablediseases;drugstailoredtoindividuals,sowithfarfewersideeffects,theabilitytoreplacefaultygenes,short-circuitingdiseasesatsource.

Buttheworkofturningthebasepairdataintothegoldofnewtreatmentshasalreadybegun,accordingtoDr.FrancisCollins,headoftheUSNationalHumanResearchInstitute,“Ikeepatallyofthegenesthatareresponsibleforhumandiseasesthatareidentifiedoverthecourseofayear.”Inagoodyear,intimesgoneby,theremighthavebeentwoorthree.Lastyear,therehavebeen29discovered.

Privatecompanieshavealsocombedthedatatofindgenesthatplayrolesindiabetes,asthma,psoriasisandmigraines.ThemostextremesuggesteduseforthehumangenomedataiseditingtheDNAinheritancepasseddownfromonegenerationtothenext.Suchascenarioinvolvesidentifyinganabnormalgeneandthecorrectingitinthecellswhichareusedtopassgeneticinformationtooffspring.Nosubsequentgenerationwouldthenbeaffectedbytheirancestors’genedefect.However,suchirreversibleinterventionwiththecodeforlifewillonlybeallowedaftermajorethicalreservationsandsafetyconcernsoverpossibleunexpectedresultsofthechangesareaddressed.

Thereislittledoubtthattherevelationofthehumangenomewillbenefithealthcareintheshortandlongterm.Butmanyofthetreatmentswillbeexpensiveandwilldonothingtoavoidthedamagecausedbyviralandbacterialdiseases.IthasbeensuggestedthatabravenewworldawaitsusinwhichallailmentscanbemonitoredfromadailymouthswabinsertedintoaDNAreaderinourbathroomcabinets.ButDr.IanPurvissays,itcouldbethatlike,alongtimeinthefuture,butthatisbasedontheratherarrogantviewhumanityhasthatitwillunderstandeverythingwefind…andweneverhaveinthepast.

61.Bysayingthatthe“potentialprizescertainlyglitter”,theauthormeansthat______.

62.Thechiefpurposeofgerm-lineengineeringisto______.

63.Fromthefirstsentenceofthethirdparagraphwelearnthat______.

64.Theauthorwarnsthatintryingtoalterhumangenes,specialattentionshouldbepaidto______.

65.AccordingtoDr.Purvis,humanbeings______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pursuingthehumancodeforlifecertainlyprovokesmuchdebate

B.germ-lineengineeringfailstofulfillsomeofitsmedicalpromises

C.germ-lineengineeringwillcertainlyprovetobeafruitfulresearch

D.potentialprizesforgeneresearchhaveactuallyprovedtobesmall

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.developdrugssuitedtoeachindividualwithfewersideeffects

B.preventfaultygenesfrompassingontothenextgeneration

C.developdrugsforpreviouslyuntreatablediseases

D.workoutthebesttherapyfortheterminallyill

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.actualworkongerm-lineengineeringhasbeenunderway

B.gettingawaywithfaultygeneshasprovedtobeatoughtask

C.theprospectoffindingthenewtreatmentsseemsbright

D.researchershavebeguntocollectthehumangenomedata

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.ethicalproblemsinvolved

B.abnormalgenestobealtered

C.thecodeoflifetobesearchedfor

D.protectinghealthygenes

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.aremorearrogantthanwewereinthepast

B.willbeabletomonitorallailmentsinthenearfuture

C.understandourpastbetterthanwedoourfuture

D.maynotunderstandeverythingwediscovered

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】61.推理判斷題。題干意思是“通過說‘潛在的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)肯定會(huì)閃閃發(fā)光’，作者的意思是……”。根據(jù)題干可定位到第二段，第二段第一句Thepotentialprizescertainlyglitter.（潛在的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)定將閃閃發(fā)光）是本段落的中心句，隨后講到了基因研究的美好前景，制造更好的藥物，讓人們選擇治療疾病的合適的療法，第二段最后兩句提到Aninbetween,liefurthertantalizingprospects,thousandsofnewdrugsforpreviouslyuntreatablediseases;drugstailoredtoindividuals,sowithfarfewersideeffects,theabilitytoreplacefaultygenes,short-circuitingdiseasesatsource.（在兩者之間，還有更誘人的前景，數(shù)以千計(jì)的新藥用于以前無法治療的疾??；為個(gè)人量身定制的藥物，副作用少得多，能夠替換有缺陷的基因，從源頭上消除疾?。?，由此我們可以推斷，這種基因研究會(huì)成為一項(xiàng)頗有成效的研究，即胚系工程研究；故C項(xiàng)“胚系工程必將證明是一項(xiàng)卓有成效的研究”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“追尋人類的生命密碼肯定會(huì)引發(fā)很多爭論”該段沒有提到爭論；B項(xiàng)“胚系工程不能履行它的一些醫(yī)療承諾”和D項(xiàng)“基因研究的潛在獎(jiǎng)金實(shí)際上被證明是很小的”都與原文不符。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

62.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“胚系工程的主要目的是……”。根據(jù)第二段第二句Inthefarfuture,itmaybepossibletopreventgeneticdiseasesfrombeinginheritedbycuttingthemoutofthegenepoolonceandforall,so-calledgerm-lineengineering.（在遙遠(yuǎn)的將來，通過將遺傳疾病一勞永逸地從基因庫中剔除，也就是所謂的胚系工程，就有可能防止遺傳疾?。┛芍?，胚系工程的目的是防止遺傳疾病，故B項(xiàng)“防止有缺陷的基因傳給下一代”正確。A項(xiàng)“開發(fā)適合每個(gè)人的副作用更少的藥物”和C項(xiàng)“為以前無法治愈的疾病開發(fā)藥物”是通過基因工程的研究來實(shí)現(xiàn)的，不是主要的目的；D項(xiàng)“為絕癥患者找出最好的治療方法”文章未提到。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

63.推理判斷題。題干意思是“從第三段的第一句話我們可以知道……”。根據(jù)題干可以定位到第三段第一句，文章說Buttheworkofturningthebasepairdataintothegoldofnewtreatmentshasalreadybegun（但是將堿基對的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)化為新療法的核心工作已經(jīng)開始了），接著又繼續(xù)提到Inagoodyear,intimesgoneby,theremighthavebeentwoorthree.Lastyear,therehavebeen29discovered.（在過去的好年景里，可能會(huì)有兩三個(gè)；去年，已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了29個(gè)）可推斷，將堿基對的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)化為新療法的前景很好，故C項(xiàng)“找到新療法的前景似乎很光明”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“胚系工程的實(shí)際工作正在進(jìn)行中”，文章說的是已經(jīng)開始一段時(shí)間了，與原文不符；B項(xiàng)“擺脫有缺陷的基因被證明是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)”在該段沒有體現(xiàn)；第三段提到Ikeepatallyofthegenesthatareresponsibleforhumandiseasesthatareidentifiedoverthecourseofayear.（在一年的時(shí)間里，我記錄了一份與人類疾病有關(guān)的基因記錄）可知研究人員已經(jīng)開始收集與人類疾病有關(guān)的基因數(shù)據(jù)，D項(xiàng)“研究人員已經(jīng)開始收集人類基因組數(shù)據(jù)”表述不夠準(zhǔn)確。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

64.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“作者警告說，在試圖改變?nèi)祟惢驎r(shí)，應(yīng)特別注意……”。第四段最后一句指出However,suchirreversibleinterventionwiththecodeforlifewillonlybeallowedaftermajorethicalreservationsandsafetyconcernsoverpossibleunexpectedresultsofthechangesareaddressed.（然而，只有在處理了重大倫理保留意見和對可能出現(xiàn)的意外結(jié)果的安全擔(dān)憂之后，才允許對生命守則進(jìn)行這種不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的干預(yù)），由此可知，在試圖改變?nèi)祟惢驎r(shí)，應(yīng)該特別注意人類之間的倫理和可能出現(xiàn)的意外結(jié)果，所以A項(xiàng)“涉及的道德問題”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“被改變的異?；颉保@屬于改變?nèi)祟惢虻慕Y(jié)果而非注意的地方；C項(xiàng)“尋找生命的密碼”和D項(xiàng)“保護(hù)健康基因”在該段沒有體現(xiàn)。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

65.推理判斷題。題干意思是“根據(jù)珀維斯博士的說法，人類……”。最后一段作者闡述人類基因組的探索將在短期和長期內(nèi)造福于醫(yī)療保健，但是價(jià)格昂貴且無法避免病毒和細(xì)菌疾病造成的損害；隨后引出一個(gè)abravenewworld（一個(gè)勇敢的新世界），并用珀維斯博士的話回答：itcouldbethatlike,alongtimeinthefuture,butthatisbasedontheratherarrogantviewhumanityhasthatitwillunderstandeverythingwefind…andweneverhaveinthepast.（在未來的很長一段時(shí)間可能是這樣的，但這是基于人類相當(dāng)傲慢的觀點(diǎn)，即人們會(huì)理解我們發(fā)現(xiàn)的一切，而我們過去從來沒有這種想法），可以推斷，人類比我們過去要傲慢，所以A項(xiàng)“比我們過去更傲慢”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“在不久的將來將能夠監(jiān)測所有疾病”表述太絕對；C項(xiàng)“比我們更了解我們的未來”和D項(xiàng)“可能不理解我們發(fā)現(xiàn)的一切”表述與文章不符。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Afterlongnegotiations,thefirm________tobuildadouble-purposebridgeacrosstheriver.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contracted

B.contacted

C.consulted

D.convinced

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)contracted“協(xié)定”；B選項(xiàng)contacted“聯(lián)系”；C選項(xiàng)consulted“咨詢”；D選項(xiàng)convinced“使相信，使確信”。句意：經(jīng)歷了長久的協(xié)商后，公司（）在河上建一座兩用橋。從negotiation可知，修橋這件事經(jīng)過商討的，協(xié)商后得出了要建兩用橋，因而答案選A最為合適。

8.翻譯題

Wedonotknowexactlyhowlongthecountryhasbeenoccupiedbuttheearliestdiscoveredsiteofoccupationisabout47,000yearsold.Toputthisinperspective,sincetheFirstFleetarrivedin1788therehavebeenonlyeightgenerationsofsettlers.Ontheotherhand,therehavebeenatleast18,500generationsofthePeoplesoftheDreaming.

ThePeoplesoftheDreamingbelongedtoover500differentgroupsornationswithdifferentlanguagesandculturesbuttheywereboundtogetherbytheirbeliefintheDreaming.“TheDreaming”or“TheDreamtime”isthemostenduringreligioninAustraliatoday.Itisbasedonthecentralprinciplethatthepeoplewholiveonthecontinenthavespecialresponsibilitiestotheland—thatthelandownsthemandthattheyholditintrustasthehomeoftheircreator.However,intheimmenselyvariablelandscapeofthecountry,differentculturesanddifferentlanguagesdevelopedwithinthisbroadframeworkoftheDreamtime.

【答案】我們不知道這個(gè)國家被占領(lǐng)的確切時(shí)間，但最早發(fā)現(xiàn)的占領(lǐng)遺址大約有4.7萬年的歷史。從這個(gè)角度來看，自1788年第一艦隊(duì)到達(dá)后，只有8代移民。另一方面，已經(jīng)有至少18500代夢創(chuàng)時(shí)代的后人（原住民）。

夢創(chuàng)時(shí)代的后人屬于500多個(gè)不同的群體或國家，他們擁有不同的語言和文化，但他們因?yàn)閴衾锏男拍疃?lián)系在一起。夢創(chuàng)時(shí)代是今天澳大利亞最持久的宗教。它基于這樣一個(gè)中心原則：生活在大陸上的人民對土地負(fù)有特殊責(zé)任——土地?fù)碛兴麄兌宜麄儼淹恋刈鳛閯?chuàng)造者的家園來保管。然而，在這個(gè)國家多變的景觀中，不同的文化和不同的語言在這個(gè)夢創(chuàng)時(shí)代的大框架內(nèi)發(fā)展起來。

9.單選題

Thelocalauthoritiesrealizedtheneedtomake（

）

forelderlypeopleintheirhousingprograms.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.preparation

B.requirement

C.specification

D.provision

【答案】D

【解析】短語辨析。句意:地方當(dāng)局意識(shí)到有必要在住房規(guī)劃上為老年人預(yù)先作安排。

makepreparationfor為某一計(jì)劃或某一活動(dòng)做準(zhǔn)備;requirement要求,不能和make...for連用;specification規(guī)格，說明書,不能和make...for連用;makeprovisionfor為將來困難或需要做準(zhǔn)備。故D項(xiàng)符合句意。

10.單選題

The（）consistsoftwomainhousesand100acresofmeadow.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.estate

B.embassy

C.enterprise

D.establishment

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)estate“房地產(chǎn)；財(cái)產(chǎn)；身份”；B選項(xiàng)embassy“大使館；大使館全體人員”；C選項(xiàng)enterprise“企業(yè)；事業(yè)；進(jìn)取心”；D選項(xiàng)establishment“確立，制定；公司；設(shè)施”。句意：這個(gè)地產(chǎn)包含兩個(gè)主房和100英畝牧場。結(jié)合此處語境，A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Asawisemanoncesaid,weareallultimatelyalone.ButanincreasingnumberofEuropeansarechoosingtobesoataneverearlierage.Thisisn’tthestuffofgloomyphilosophicalcontemplations,butafactofEurope’sneweconomiclandscape,embracedbysociologists,real-estatedevelopers,andadexecutivesalike.Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe“irresistiblemomentumofindividualism”overthelastcentury.Thecommunicationsrevolution,theshiftfromabusinesscultureofstabilitytooneofmobilityandthemassentryofwomenintotheworkforcehavegreatlywreakedhavoconEuropeans’privatelives.

Europe’sneweconomicclimatehaslargelyfosteredthetrendtowardindependence.Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonescameofageduringEurope’sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmericanstylecapitalism.Raisedinaneraofprivatizationandincreasedconsumerchoice,today’stech-savvyworkershaveembracedafreemarketinloveaswellaseconomics.ModemEuropeansarerichenoughtoaffordtolivealone,andtemperamentallyindependentenoughtowanttodoso.

Onceuponatime,peoplewholivedalonetendedtobethoseoneithersideofmarriage-twentysomethingprofessionalsorwidowedseniorcitizens.Whilepensioners,particularlyelderlywomen,makeupalargeproportionofthoselivingalone,thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice.Livingalonewasconceivedtobenegative-darkandcold,whilebeingtogethersuggestedwarmthandlight.Butthencamealongtheideaofsingles.Theywereyoung,beautiful,strong!Now,youngpeoplewanttolivealone.

Theboomingeconomymeanspeopleareworkingharderthanever.Andthatdoesn’tleavemuchroomforrelationships.PimpiArroyo,a35-year-oldcomposerwholivesaloneinahouseinParis,sayshehasn’tgottimetogetlonelybecausehehastoomuchwork.“Ihavedeadlineswhichwouldmakelifewithsomeoneelsefairlydifficult.”O(jiān)nlyanIdealWomanwouldmakehimchangehislifestyle,hesays.Kaufmann,authorofarecentbookcalled“TheSingleWomanandPrinceCharming,thinksthisfiercenewindividualismmeansthatpeopleexpectmoreandmoreofmates,sorelationshipsdon'tlastlong-iftheystartatall.Eppendorf,ablondBerlinerwithadeeptan,teachesgradeschoolinthemornings.Intheafternoonshesunbathesorsleeps,restingupforgoingdancing.Justshyof50,shesaysshe’dneverhavewantedtodowhathermotherdid-giveupacareertoraiseafamily.Instead,“I’vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife.”

1.MoreandmoreyoungEuropeansremainsinglebecause（

）.

2.WhatissaidaboutEuropeansocietyinthepassage?

3.AccordingtoParagraph3,thenewestgroupofsinglesare

（

）.

4.TheauthorquotesEppendorftoshowthat

（

）.

5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyaredrivenbyanoverwhelmingsenseofindividualism

B.theyhaveenteredtheworkforceatamuchearlierage

C.theyhaveembracedabusinesscultureofstability

D.theyarepessimisticabouttheireconomicfuture

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Ithasfosteredthetrendtowardssmallfamilies.

B.ItisgettingclosertoAmerican-stylecapitalism.

C.Ithaslimitedconsumerchoicedespiteafreemarket.

D.Itisbeingthreatenedbyirresistibleprivatization.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.warmandlighthearted

B.oneithersideofmarriage

C.negativeandgloomy

D.healthyandwealthy

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.somemodemwomenpreferalifeofindividualfreedom

B.thefamilyisnolongerthebasicunitofsocietyinpresent-dayEurope

C.someprofessionalpeoplehavetoomuchworktodotofeellonely

D.mostEuropeansconceivelivingasinglelifeasunacceptable

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Toreviewtheimpactofwomenbecominghighearners

B.Tocontemplatethephilosophyunderlyingindividualism.

C.Toexaminethetrendofyoungpeoplelivingalone.

D.Tostresstherebuildingofpersonalrelationships

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartoftheirresistiblemomentumofindividualism"overthelastcentury(從家庭生活向獨(dú)身生活方式的轉(zhuǎn)變是上個(gè)世紀(jì)“不可抗拒的個(gè)人主義勢頭”的一部分)。故選A(他們受到強(qiáng)烈的個(gè)人主義意識(shí)驅(qū)使)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonescameofageduringEurope'sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmericanstylecapitalism(當(dāng)代獨(dú)自生活的這一代人的成長時(shí)期正是歐洲從社會(huì)民主政治過渡到更精明、更個(gè)性化的美國風(fēng)格的資本主義氣候的時(shí)期)。因此B項(xiàng)(接近美國風(fēng)格的資本主義)正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位至第三段:Whilepensioners,particularlyelderlywomen,makeupalargeproportionofthoselivingalone,thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice(雖然領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金的人，特別是老年婦女，在獨(dú)居者中占很大比例，但最新的單身人群是30多歲和40多歲的高收入者，他們越來越把獨(dú)居視為一種生活方式選擇),因此選D:最新的單身人群是healthyandwealthy(健康富有)。

4.判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞Eppendorf定位至最后一段:shesaysshe'dneverhavewantedtodowhathermotherdid-giveupacareertoraiseafamily.Instead,I’vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife(她從未想要去做她母親所做的一切一一為了照顧家庭，撫育兒女而放棄事業(yè)。我已做了并一直在做想做的事：過一種自主的生活)。由此可知,A項(xiàng)(一些現(xiàn)代女性更喜歡個(gè)人自由的生活)正確。

5.作者意圖題。本文主要寫的是新一代的年輕人受到社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響越來越趨向于個(gè)人獨(dú)居生活，尤其是歐洲青年單身化趨勢的原因。故C項(xiàng)(探討年輕人獨(dú)居趨勢)比較能概括作者的寫作目的。

12.單選題

Werealizedthathewasundergreat（）,sowetooknonoticeofhisbadtemper.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.excitement

B.stress

C.crisis

D.nervousness

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)excitement“興奮”；B選項(xiàng)stress“壓力”；C選項(xiàng)crisis“危機(jī)”；D選項(xiàng)nervousness“緊張”。句意：我們知道他壓力很大，所以我們沒在意他的壞脾氣。A，C，D都不能與under搭配，只有undergreatstress為固定搭配，表示“在巨大的壓力下”。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Thetongue,______,isanimportantaidinchewingandswallowing.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.isthechieforganoftaste

B.tastingtheorganchiefly

C.thechieforganoftaste

D.theorganchieflytastes

【答案】C

【解析】考查同位語。同位語是指一個(gè)名詞（或其它形式）對另一個(gè)名詞或代詞進(jìn)行修飾，限定或說明。同位語與被它限定的詞的格式要一致，并常常緊挨在一起。所以要排除有動(dòng)詞的A項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)，由題干可知，我們需要修飾的是tongue，B項(xiàng)的意思完全不符合題意，它表示“主要品嘗器官”；只有C項(xiàng)是正確的同位語。句意：舌頭是主要的味覺器官，在咀嚼和吞咽時(shí)起著重要的輔助作用。因此，該題正確答案為C。

14.單選題

Inhernovelof“Reunion,AmericanStyle”,RonaJaffesuggeststhataclassreunion“ismorethanasentimentaljourney.Itisalsoawayofansweringthequestionthatliesatthebackofnearlyallourminds.DidtheydobetterthanI?”

Jaffe’sobservationmaybemisplacedbutnotcompletelylost.AccordingtoastudyconductedbysocialpsychologistJackSparacino,theoverwhelmingmajoritywhoattendreunionsaren'tthereinvidiouslytocomparetheirrecentaccomplishmentswiththoseoftheirformerclassmates.Instead,theyhope,primarily,torelivetheirearliersuccesses.

Certainly,afewreturntoshowtheirformerclassmateshowwelltheyhavedone;othersenjoyobservingthechangesthathaveoccurredintheirclassmates(notalwaysinthemselves,ofcourse).Butthemajoritywhoattendtheirclassreunionsdosotorelivethegoodtimestheyrememberhavingwhentheywereyounger.Inhisstudy,Sparacinofoundthat,ashighschoolstudents,attendeeshadbeenmorepopular,moreoftenregardedasattractive,andmoreinvolvedinextracurricularactivitiesthanthoseclassmateswhochosenottoattenD.Forthosewhoturnedupattheirreunions,then,theoldtimeswerealsothegoodtimes!

ItwouldappearthatAmericanshaveaspecialfondnessforreunions,judgingbytheirprevalence.Majorleaguebaseballplayers,fraternitymembers,veteransgroups,highschoolandcollegegraduates,andformerBoyScoutsallholdreunionsonaregularbasis.Inaddition,familyreunionsfrequentlyattractbloodrelativesfromfarawayplaceswhospendconsiderablemoneyandtimetoreunite.

Actually,intheiraffectionforreunitingwithfriends,familyorcolleagues,Americansareprobablynodifferentfromanyotherpeople,exceptthatAmericanshavecreatedamind-bogglingnumberandvarietyofinstitutionalizedformsofgatheringstofacilitatethesatisfactionofthisdesire.Indeed,reunionshaveincreasinglybecomeformaleventsthatareorganizedonaregularbasisand,intheprocess,theyhavealsobecomebigbusiness.

ShellNorrisofClassReunion,Inc.,saysthatChicagoalonehas1,500highschoolreunionseachyear.Aconservativeestimateonthenationallevelwouldbe10,000annually.Atonetime,allhighschoolreunionswereorganizedbyvolunteers,usuallyfemalehomemakers.Inthelastfewyears,however,asmoreandmorewomenhaveenteredthelabourforce,alumnireunionsareincreasinglybeingplannedbyspecializedcompaniesratherthanbypart-timevolunteers.

ThefirstcollegereunionwasheldbythealumniofYaleUniversityin1792.GraduatesofPennsylvania,Princeton,Stanford,andBrownfollowedsuit.Andbytheendofthe19thcentury,most4-yearinstitutionswereholdingalumnireunions.

Thevarietyofcollegereunionsisimpressive.AtPrinceton,alumniparadethroughthetownwearingtheirclassuniformsandsingingtheiralmamater.AtMariettaCollege,theygatherforadinner-danceonasteamshipcruisingtheOhioRiver.

Clearly,thethoughtofcruisingonasteamshipormarchingthroughthestreetsisusuallynot,byitself,sufficientreasonforlargenumbersofalumnitoreturntocampus.Alumniwhodecidetoattendtheirreunionsshareacommonidentitybasedontheyearstheyspenttogetherasundergraduates.Forthisreason,universitiesthatsomehowestablishacommonbond—forexample,becausetheyarerelativelysmallorespeciallyprestigious—tendtodrawsubstantialnumbersoftheiralumnitoreunions.Inanefforttoenhancethiscommonidentity,largercollegesanduniversitiesfrequentlybuildtheirclassreunionsonparticipationinsmallerunits,suchasdepartmentsorschools.Ortheyencourage“affinityreunions”forgroupsofformercheerleaders,editors,fraternitymembers,musicians,membersofmilitaryorganizationsoncampus,andthelike.

Ofcourse,noteveryalumnusisfondofhisorheralmamater.Studentswhograduatedduringthelate1960smaybeespeciallyreluctanttogetinvolvedinalumnievents.Theywerepartofthegenerationthatconductedsit-insandteach-insdirectedatuniversityadministrators,protestedmilitaryrecruitmentoncampusandmarchedagainst“establishmentpolitics.”Ifthisgenerationhasacommonidentity,itmayfalloutsideoftheiruniversityties—orevenbehostiletothem.Evenastheyentertheirmiddleyears,alumniwhocontinuetoholdunpleasantmemoriesofcollegeduringthisperiodmaynotwishtoattendclassreunions.

1.Accordingtothepassage,Sparacino'sstudy___.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasadistinctfeatureofU.S.classreunions?

3.Whatmainlyattractsmanypeopletoreturntocampusforreunion?

4.Therhetoricalfunctionofthefirstparagraphisto___.

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.providedstrongevidenceforJaffe’sstatement

B.showedthatattendeestendedtoexcelinhighschoolstudy

C.foundthatinterestinreunionswaslinkedwithschoolexperience

D.foundevidenceforattendees'intensedesireforshowingoffsuccess

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.U.S.classreunionsareusuallyoccasionstoshowoffone’srecentsuccess

B.Reunionsareregularandformaleventsorganizedbyprofessionalagencies

C.Classreunionshavebecomeaprofitablebusiness

D.Classreunionshavebroughtaboutavarietyofactivities

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thevarietyofactivitiesforclassreunion

B.Thespecialstatustheiruniversityenjoys

C.Sharedexperiencebeyondthecampus

D.Sharedundergraduateexperienceoncampus

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.introduceRonaJaffe’snovel

B.presenttheauthor’scounterargument

C.serveaspreludetotheauthor’sargument

D.bringintofocuscontrastingopinions

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.AhistoricalperspectiveforalumnireunionsintheUnitedStates

B.Reasonsforpopularityandattendanceforalumnireunions

C.AlumnireunionsandAmericanuniversitytraditions

D.Alumnireunionanditssocialandeconomicimplications

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Sparacino'sstudy”可以定位到文章第三段中“Inhisstudy,Sparacinofoundthat,ashighschoolstudents,attendeeshadbeenmorepopular,moreoftenregardedasattractive,andmoreinvolvedinextracurricularactivitiesthanthoseclassmateswhochosenottoattend.”，中文翻譯為：在他的研究中，斯帕拉奇諾發(fā)現(xiàn)，作為高中生，參加者比那些選擇不參加的同學(xué)更受歡迎，更常被視為有吸引力，更多地參與課外活動(dòng)?？梢缘弥狟選項(xiàng)“表明參與者往往在高中學(xué)習(xí)中表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由A選項(xiàng)“美國的班級(jí)聚會(huì)通常是炫耀自己最近成功的機(jī)會(huì)?！笨梢远ㄎ坏皆牡谌巍癈ertainly,afewreturntoshowtheirformerclassmateshowwelltheyhavedone;othersenjoyobservingthechangesthathaveoccurredintheirclassmates(notalwaysinthemselves,ofcourse).Butthemajoritywhoattendtheirclassreunionsdosotorelivethegoodtimestheyrememberhavingwhentheywereyounger.”，中文翻譯為：當(dāng)然，也有一些人回來向他們以前的同學(xué)展示他們做得多么好；還有一些人喜歡觀察他們同學(xué)身上發(fā)生的變化（當(dāng)然，他們自己并不總是這樣）。但大多數(shù)參加班級(jí)聚會(huì)的人都是為了重溫年輕時(shí)的美好時(shí)光。因此可知A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段“Alumniwhodecidetoattendtheirreunionsshareacommonidentitybasedontheyearstheyspenttogetherasundergraduates.Forthisreason,universitiesthatsomehowestablishacommonbond—forexample,becausetheyarerelativelysmallorespeciallyprestigious—tendtodrawsubstantialnumbersoftheiralumnitoreunions.”，中文翻譯為：決定參加校友聚會(huì)的校友們都有一個(gè)共同的身份，這個(gè)身份基于他們在一起度過的大學(xué)生時(shí)代。出于這個(gè)原因，那些以某種方式建立了共同紐帶的大學(xué)——例如，因?yàn)樗鼈円?guī)模相對較小或特別有聲望——往往會(huì)吸引大量校友參加聚會(huì)。可知B

選項(xiàng)“他們大學(xué)享有的特殊地位”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段“Inhernovelof‘Reunion,AmericanStyle’,RonaJaffesuggeststhataclassreunion‘ismorethanasentimentaljourney.Itisalsoawayofansweringthequestionthatliesatthebackofnearlyallourminds.DidtheydobetterthanI?’”中文翻譯為：在她的小說《美國風(fēng)格的重聚》中，羅娜?賈菲暗示，一次班級(jí)聚會(huì)“不僅僅是一次感傷的旅程。這也是一種回答隱藏在我們所有人內(nèi)心深處的問題的方式。他們比我做得好嗎?”。以及原文第二段“Jaffe’sobservationmaybemisplacedbutnotcompletelylost.”，中文翻譯為：賈菲的觀察也許放錯(cuò)了地方，但并不是完全沒有意義。判斷出C選項(xiàng)“作為作者論證的前奏。”正確。

5.主旨大意題。通讀全文判斷出答案為A選項(xiàng)“美國校友聚會(huì)的歷史視角”，D選項(xiàng)“校友聚會(huì)及其對社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響?！睂儆谖恼碌谒亩?、第五段內(nèi)容，B選項(xiàng)“受歡迎和出席校友聚會(huì)的原因?！睂儆谖恼碌诙?、第三段的內(nèi)容，C選項(xiàng)“校友聚會(huì)和美國大學(xué)傳統(tǒng)?！睂儆谖恼碌诹?、第七段、第八段、第九段的內(nèi)容。

15.單選題

Globalwarmingposesathreattotheearth,buthumanscanprobablyeasetheclimatethreatsbroughtonbyrisinglevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere,globalclimatespecialistRichardAlleytoldanaudienceattheUniversityofVermont,AlleysaidhisresearchinGreenlandsuggestedthatsubtlechangesinatmosphericpatternsleavepartsoftheglobesusceptibletoabruptanddramaticclimateshiftsthatcanlastdecadesorcenturies.

Almostallscientistsagreethatincreasinglevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmospherecreatedashumansburnfossilfueliswarmingtheplanet.Howtorespondtothewarmingisamatterofintensepolitical,scientificandeconomicdebateworldwide.

Alleysaidhewasupbeataboutglobalwarmingbecauseenoughcleverpeopleexistedintheworldtofindotherreliableenergysourcesbesidesfossilfuels.Hesaidpeoplecangetrichfindingmarketablealternativestofossilfuel.“Wouldn’titbeusefuliftheUnitedStatesweretohaveapieceoftheaction.Wouldn’titbeusefulifsomebrightstudentsfromUniversityofVermontweretohaveapieceoftheaction,”Alleysaid.

AlleysaidthatEuropeandpartsofeasternNorthAmericacouldinamatterofafewyearsreverttoacold,windyregion,liketheweatherinSiberia.Suchshiftshaveoccurredfrequentlyoverthemillennia,Alley’sresearchshows.Agradualchangeinatmospherictemperature,suchasglobalwarming,couldpushtheclimatetoathresholdwheresuchashiftsuddenlyoccurs,hesaid.

Alleytoldhisaudienceofabout200peopleinaUniversityofVermontlecturehallWednesdayeveningthathecouldn’tpredictif,whenorwheresuddenshiftstowardcold,heat,droughtorwatercouldoccurunderglobalwarming,butitissomethingeveryoneshouldconsider.

“Thisisnotthebiggestproblemintheworld.Thebiggestproblemintheworldisgettingalongwitheachother.Butit’spartofthatbecausewe’renotgoingtogetalongwitheachotherifwe’renotgettingalongwiththeplanet,”Alleysaid.

1.AccordingtoAlleytheclimatethreatstotheearthbroughtbyglobalwarming（）.

2.Alley’sresearchshowsthatdramaticclimatechangesmaybecausedby（）.

3.Theword“upbeat”(inParagraph3)probablymeans（）.

4.WhatdoesAlleysuggestpeopledoinordertoreduceglobalwarming?

5.Alleypredictsthatglobalwarmi