考研考博-英語-合肥工業(yè)大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇VIP

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-合肥工業(yè)大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

OurhospitalhasanaffiliationwiththemedicalschooloftheCityUniversity.

問題1選項

A.organization

B.administration

C.connection

D.cooperation

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項organizationn.組織，團體，機構(gòu)；B選項administrationn.管理，行政機構(gòu)；C選項connectionn.連接，關系，人脈；D選項cooperationn.合作，協(xié)作。句意：我們醫(yī)院和城市大學醫(yī)學院有良好的合作關系。因此，D項為正確答案。

2.單選題

WithanewCongressdrawingnear,DemocratsandRepublicansarebusilydesigningcompetingeconomicstimuluspackages.TheRepublicansaresuretooffertaxcuts,theDemocrats-amongotherthings—financialreliefforthestates.Thereisonemeasure,however,thatwouldprovidenotonlyanimmediateboosttotheeconomybutalsoimmediaterelieftothosemostinneed:acarefullycraftedextensionofthefederalunemploymentinsuranceprogram.TheSenateapprovedsuchanextensionbeforeitadjournedinNovember.TheHouseofRepresentativesrefusedtogoalong.Itwasamongthegreatestfailuresofthe107thCongress.

Oneconsequenceisthatjoblessbenefitsforanestimated780,000Americanswillabruptlystop.Tomorrow,eventhoughmostrecipientshavenotyetexhaustedtheirbenefits.PresidentBushfailedtoshowanyleadershiponthismatterduringtheNovemberCongress.Later,hefinallyaskedCongresstoextendtheprogramfortheseworkersandtomakethebenefitseffectivefromDec.28.

That’snotenough.Thewayunemploymentinsurancetypicallyworksisthatstatesprovidelaid-offworkerswith26weeksofbenefits,followedby13weeksoffederalaid.UnderMr.Bush’sscheme,federalbenefitswouldbeextendedonlyforthosewhowerealreadyreceivingthemonDec.28.Theextensionwouldnotcoverthejoblessworkerswhowillexhausttheirregularstate-fundedbenefitsafterDec.28—anestimated95,000everyweek—butwillreceivenofederalhelpunlesstheprogramisre-authorized.BytheendofMarch,1.2millionworkerscouldfallintothiscategory.

TheSenatesawthisproblemcoming,andundertheleadershipofHillaryRodhamClintonforNewYorkandDonNicklesofOklahoma,passedabillthatwouldnotonlyhavecoveredpeoplealreadyenrolledinthefederalprogrambutprovided13weeksofassistanceforthoselosingtheirstatebenefitsinthenewyear.TheHouse,forlargelytrivialreasons,refusedtogoalong.

BillFrist,thenewSenatemajorityleader,saysheislookingforwaystoputakinder,gentlerfaceontheRepublicanParty.PassingtheClinton-Nicklesbillwouldbeagoodwaytobegin.TheHouseshouldthenfollowsuit.OneoftheHouse’scomplaintslastyearwasthat,at$5billion,theClinton-Nicklesbillwastooexpensive.That’sridiculous,consideringthecostsofthetaxcutsthatHouseRepublicanshaveinmind.

Theunemploymentratelastmonthstoodat6percent,thehighestsincemid-1994.Thecountrycouldusea$5billionshotinthearmrightaboutnow.Socouldalotofincreasinglydesperatepeople.

6.Accordingtotheauthor,theproposedextensionis（）.

7.Whatdoestheauthorrefertoasoneofthegreatestfailuresofthe107thCongress?

8.WhomaybenefitfromtheClinton-Nicklesbill?

9.WhydidtheauthorsaytheHouse'scomplaintwasridiculous?

10.HowdoestheauthorfeelaboutthePresident’srequestfortheextensionanditscoverage?

問題1選項

A.whatthecomingCongressshouldreconsider

B.excludedfromtheeconomicstimuluspackages

C.areliefprogramcarefullydesignedbytheHouse

D.putforwardbybothRepublicansandDemocrats

問題2選項

A.TheHouseofRepresentativesdidnotagreeswiththeSenate.

B.Theunemploymentinsuranceextensionwasnotapproved.

C.Aboosttotheeconomywasnotprovided.

D.Relieftothoseinneedwasnotoffered.

問題3選項

A.Onlythoseenrolledinthefederalprogram.

B.Theestimated95,000unemployedworkers.

C.Justthoseexhaustingtheirstate-fundedbenefits.

D.Laid-offworkers,withorwithoutfederalbenefits.

問題4選項

A.Thereasonsitoffersarelargelyinsignificant.

B.TheClinton-Nicklesbillwastooexpensive.

C.Itstaxcutsproposalisevenmorecostly.

D.Theestimatedcostforthebillisjust$5billion.

問題5選項

A.Shortofvision

B.Lateandincomplete

C.Lackinginconsistency

D.Exhaustivebutineffective

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】6.判斷推理題。文章在第一段后半部分提到了提議的延長項目(theproposedextension)。首先，作者對這一項目持的是肯定態(tài)度，thatwouldprovidenotonlyanimmediateboosttotheeconomybutalsoimmediaterelieftothosemostinneed（有一項措施不僅能立即提振經(jīng)濟，還能立即救濟那些最需要幫助的人）說明了這一項目的好處，指出這一項目是解決兩大問題的措施；然后，作者批評了第107屆國會Itwasamongthegreatestfailuresofthe107thCongress（這是第107屆國會最大的失敗之一）。由此可以推知作者的言下之意，就是下一屆國會應當重新考慮并采納這一項目，因此A選項“即將到來的國會應該重新考慮”正確。B選項“被排除在經(jīng)濟刺激計劃之外”；C選項“由眾議院精心設計的救濟計劃”以及D選項“由共和黨和民主黨共同提出”，都是不正確的。

7.事實細節(jié)題。本題實際上考查的是對第一段最后一句中的主語it所指的理解。該段在提出提議的延長項目(theproposedextension)后指出:TheSenateapprovedsuchanextensionbefore...refusedtogoalong.（參議院在11月份休會之前批準了這樣一個項目?？杀娮h院卻不予支持）。由此可以看出，其后一句中的it指代的就是這種參議院批準而眾議院否決該項目的情況，因此B選項“失業(yè)保險延期未獲批準”正確。A選項“眾議院不同意參議院的意見”；C選項“經(jīng)濟沒有得到提振”以及D選項“沒有向有需要的人提供救濟”都與原文不符，也無法由原文合理推知。

8.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞定位到細節(jié)題第四段第一句abillthatwouldnotonlyhavecoveredpeoplealreadyenrolledinthefederalprogrambutprovided13weeksofassistanceforthoselosingtheirstatebenefitsinthenewyear.（該法案將不僅涉及聯(lián)邦項目中登記的人，還包括提供13周的援助給在新的一年里那些失去國家福利的人。）可知，該法案不但覆蓋了那些已經(jīng)在聯(lián)邦項目中登記了的人，也為那些在新的一年中將失去州救濟金的人提供13周的援助。再來對照選項，D選項“失業(yè)工人，有或沒有聯(lián)邦福利”覆蓋最完整，因此正確。A選項“只有那些參加了聯(lián)邦計劃的人”；B選項“估計有95000名失業(yè)的工人”以及C選項“只有那些耗盡了國家資助的福利的人”均不完整。

9.判斷推理題。文章第五段后半部分TheHouseshouldthenfollowsuit.OneoftheHouse’scomplaints...wastooexpensive.That’sridiculous,consideringthecostsofthetaxcutsthatHouseRepublicanshaveinmind.（眾議院也應該這樣做。眾議院去年抱怨的一個問題是，克林頓-尼克爾斯法案耗資50億美元，太昂貴了?？紤]到眾議院共和黨人所考慮的減稅成本，這是荒謬的。）這一段提到了眾議院對Clinton-Nickles法案的抱怨，認為這一法案耗資太大。作者也表明了自己的看法認為它很荒唐，然后說明了原因。其言下之意很明顯：眾議院共和黨提出的減稅計劃耗資比Clinton-Nickles法案更大，故他們認為后者耗資大才顯得荒唐可笑。因此C選項“它的減稅提議代價更大”正確。A選項“它提供的理由在很大程度上是無關緊要的”；B選項“克林頓?尼克爾斯的法案太昂貴了”以及D選項“這項法案的成本估計只有50億美元”都與原文不符，也無法由原文推知。

10.判斷推理題。文章第二段最后一句Later,hefinallyaskedCongresstoextendtheprogramfortheseworkersandtomakethebenefitseffectivefromDec.28.（后來，他終于要求國會為這些工人延長該計劃，并使福利從12月28日起生效。）中提到布什總統(tǒng)最后終于要求國會延長該項目，并于12月28日開始發(fā)放救濟金。因前面已說過對許多失業(yè)工人的救濟將在明天突然中止(abruptlystoptomorrow)，故據(jù)此即可推知布什總統(tǒng)的要求已經(jīng)太遲了。接著，在第三段第一句作者表明了自己的態(tài)度That'snotenough.(那還不夠)，并詳細說明了布什總統(tǒng)的計劃的缺陷。由此又可推知，作者認為總統(tǒng)的計劃不完善。因此C選項“缺乏穩(wěn)定性”正確。A選項“缺乏遠見”；B選項“遲到和不完整的”以及D選項“詳盡的但無效”三項都無法由原文推知。

3.單選題

England’steam,whoarenowsuperblyfit,willbedoingtheirbestnextweekto______themselvesforlastyear’sdefeat.

問題1選項

A.revive

B.retort

C.revenge

D.remedy

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項revive“復興；復活；蘇醒；恢復精神”；B選項retort“反駁，回嘴；蒸餾；在曲頸瓶里加熱；（對侮辱或傷害）進行報復”；C選項revenge“報復；替……報仇；雪恥”；D選項remedy“補救，糾正，改進；治療”。句意：英格蘭隊現(xiàn)在狀態(tài)極佳，下周將竭盡全力為去年的失敗復仇。因此C選項正確。

4.單選題

JapanremainstiedtotheWesterncamppartlybecausetherelationshiphasbecome（

）tohereconomyandpoliticsoverfortyyears’association.

問題1選項

A.integral

B.unilateral

C.rational

D.hierarchical

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:日本依然和西方保持著關系，因為這層關系是他40年社交出來經(jīng)濟和政治的不可分割的一部分。

integral構(gòu)成整體所必需的，完整的。unilateral單邊的；［植］單側(cè)的；單方面的。rational合理的；理性的。hierarchical分層的；等級體系的。

5.單選題

Theprofessorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds（

）hisargumentsinfavorofthenewtheory.

問題1選項

A.tobebasedon

B.tobaseon

C.whichtobaseon

D.onwhichtobase

【答案】D

【解析】語法（定語從句）題。分析題目可知，空白處填入的詞語是引導定語從句，修飾先行詞grounds,所以排除A選項和B選項。因為連接詞which在從句中作介詞賓語，所以前面需要一個介詞，D選項正確。

6.翻譯題

Onaverage,kidsfarebetterintwo-parentfamilies.Butasizablepercentageofchildreninsingle-parentfamiliesthrive,andmanyintwo-parentfamiliesdonot.Whatmattersmost—regardlessoffamilystructure—iswhathappenswithinthefamily.

Particularlyimportantisthefamily’sabilitytosupportandnurture,minimizeconflict,practicedemocraticdecisionmaking,setandenforceboundaries,provideconsistentandpositiveformsofdisciplineandmodel,andencouragevaluesofcaringandresponsibility.

Familiesshouldalsoprovideaccesstostructuredactivities(e.g.,clubs,organizations,lessons)andastimulatingenvironmentforlearning(includingparentalinvolvementinschooling).

Whileitissomewhateasiertodelivertheseintwo-parentfamilies,somesingle-parentfamiliesdosucceedbydrawingoninformalandformalsupportsystemsfromneighborhoods,schools,andchurches.Ourchallengeistodiscoverwaystomaximizethenumberofstrongtwo-parentfamiliesandsupportallfamilyeffortstoraisehealthychildren,includingeffortsbysingle-parentfamilies.

【答案】參考譯文：

一般來說，在雙親家庭長大的孩子成長得更好。但是也有相當大的一部分單親家庭的孩子得到健康成長，而許多雙親家庭的孩子卻沒有。不管家庭結(jié)構(gòu)如何，最重要的是家庭內(nèi)部所發(fā)生的事情。

家庭的這些能力是極為重要的：撫養(yǎng)、避免沖突、踐行家庭民主抉擇、制定和實施家法、樹立典范以及鼓勵富有愛心和責任心。

每個家庭還應該組織結(jié)構(gòu)性活動（如參加俱樂部、社團以及輔導班）并且營造良好的學習環(huán)境（包括父母參與學校教育）。

雙親家庭做到這些顯得更加容易，但是單親家庭卻得靠鄰居、學校和教堂的正式和非正式的幫助。我們現(xiàn)在面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是如何盡量增加幸福家庭的數(shù)量，幫助所有單親和雙親家庭的孩子健康成長。

7.單選題

JapaneseleadersaboardtheU.S.battleshipMissouriandsignedthe（

）surrender,whichendedWorldWarTwoin1945.

問題1選項

A.conditional

B.infinite

C.everlasting

D.unconditional

【答案】D

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。Conditional“有條件的”；infinite“無限的，無窮的”；everlasting“永久的，永恒的”；unconditional“無條件的”。句意：1945年，日本領導人在美國密蘇里戰(zhàn)艦上簽署了無條件投降協(xié)議。選項D符合題意。

8.翻譯題

Bacteria（細菌）,likepeople,canbedividedintofriendandfoe.81.Inspiredbyevidencethatthefriendlysortmayhelpwitharangeofailments（疾病）,manypeopleconsumebacteriaintheformofyogurtsanddietarysupplements.Suchasmatteringofartificialadditions,however,representsbutadropintheocean.Thereareatleast800typesofbacterialivinginthehumangut.AndresearchbyStevenGilloftheInstituteforGenomicResearchinRockville,Maryland,andhiscolleagues,publishedinthisweek’sScience,suggeststhatthecollectivegenomeoftheseorganismsissolargethatitcontains100timesasmanygenesasthehumangenomeitself.

DrGillandhisteamwereabletocometothisconclusionbyextractingbacterialDNAfromthefaeces（糞便）oftwovolunteers.82.Becauseofthecomplexityofthesamples,theywerenotabletoreconstructtheentiregenomes（基因組）ofeachofthegutbacteria,justtheindividualgenes.Butthatallowedthemtomakeanestimateofnumbers.

Whatallthesebacteriaaredoingistrickytoidentify—thebacteriathemselvesaredifficulttocultivate.83.Sotheresearchersguessedatwhattheymightbeuptobycomparingthegenestheydiscoveredwithpublisheddatabasesofgeneswhosefunctionsarealreadyknown.

84.ThiscomparisonhelpedDrGillidentifyforthefirsttimetheprobable

enzymatic（酶（性）的）processesbywhichbacteriahelphumanstodigestthecomplex

carbohydratesinplants.Thebacteriaalsocontainaplentifulsupplyofgenesinvolvedinthesynthesisofchemicalsessentialtohumanlife—includingtwoBvitaminsandcertainessentialaminoacids—althoughtheteammerelyshowedthatthesemetabolicpathwaysexistratherthanprovingthattheyareused.Nevertheless,thepathwaystheyfoundleavehumanslookingmorelikeruminants:animalssuchasgoatsandsheepthatusebacteriatobreakdownotherwiseindigestiblematterintheplantstheyeat.

ThebroaderconclusionDrGilldrawsisthatpeoplearesuperorganismswhosemetabolismrepresentsanamalgamationofhumanandmicrobialattributes.Thenotionof

asuperorganismhasemergedbefore,asresearchersinotherfieldshavecometoviewhumansashavingadiverseinternalecosystem.85.This,suggestsome,willbecrucialtothesuccessofpersonalisedmedicine,asdifferentpeoplewillhavedifferentresponsestodrugs,dependingontheirmicrobialflora.（微生物群落）Accordingly,thenextstep,saysDrGill,istoseehowmicrobialpopulationsvarybetweenpeopleofdifferentages,backgroundsanddiets.

Anotherareaofresearchistheprocessbywhichthesehelpfulbacteriafirstcolonizethedigestivetract.Babiesacquiretheirgutfloraastheypassdownthebirthcanalandtakeagene-filledgulpoftheirmother’svaginalandfaecalflora.Itmightnotbethemostdeliciousoffirstmeals,butitcouldwellbeanimportantone.

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

【答案】81.有益菌可以幫助人們治療多種疾病，受此啟發(fā)，很多人通過使用酸乳食品和各種補品的辦法吸收細菌。然而，這種人為補充細菌的做法是極其膚淺的。

82.由于樣本的復雜性，吉爾博士及其研究組人員還不能構(gòu)建出腸道內(nèi)細菌的完整基因組，而只能構(gòu)建出單體基因。不過，這也可以使他們對整體數(shù)量作出估算。

83.因此，研究人員只能將發(fā)現(xiàn)的基因和那些功能已經(jīng)研究清楚的基因的公開數(shù)據(jù)庫進行比較，從而猜測可能得到的研究結(jié)果。

84.這種比較幫助吉爾博士第一次確定了可能存在的細菌借以幫助人體消化從植物體攝入的復雜碳水化合物的酶催化反應的過程。

85.有人認為，這一點對個性化藥物的成功開發(fā)是至關重要的，因為不同的人具有不同的微生物群落，對不同的藥物有不同的反應。

9.單選題

Onedifficulty___thecomponentsofeconomicmovementsliesinthefactthatthosecomponentsarenotcompletelyindependentofoneanother.

問題1選項

A.ofisolation

B.inisolating

C.willisolate

D.toisolate

【答案】B

【解析】考查非謂語動詞。Onedifficulty為主語，liesin謂語，thefact賓語，that引導同位語從句，___thecomponentsofeconomicmovements為定語修飾主語。本句已經(jīng)有謂語動詞，則C選項錯誤，C選項代入句子中會在一個句子內(nèi)出現(xiàn)兩個謂語，導致句子結(jié)構(gòu)錯誤；difficulty后常接“in+v-ing”作定語，in有時可省去，不用動詞不定式，則排除A，D選項。句意：孤立經(jīng)濟運動的各個組成部分的一個困難在于，這些組成部分并不是完全相互獨立的。因此B選項正確。

10.單選題

Markoftenattemptstoescape（）wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.

問題1選項

A.havingbeenfined

B.tobefined

C.tohavebeenfined

D.beingfined

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。首先，escape后面接動名詞doing，由此可首先排除選項C和選項B；再根據(jù)句意“每當馬克違反交通規(guī)則時，他總是試圖逃避罰款?！边@里表示的是被動語態(tài)，并不涉及完成時，所以選項D正確。

11.單選題

Inrecentyears,wehaveallwatchedtheincreasingcommercializationofthecampus.Thenumerousadvertisingpostersandthegoldenarchesoffastfoodoutletsmaybeanaffronttoouraestheticsensibilities,buttheyare,arguably,noworsethanugly.Someoftheothernewfeaturesofcommercializedcampuslifedo,however,constituteaseriousthreattothingswerightlyrevere.“Privatization”andthe“businessmodel”arethepotentialmenace.

Whatdothesenotionsmean?Tome,theyinvolveanincreaseddependenceonindustryandphilanthropyforoperatingtheuniversity;anincreasedamountofourresourcesbeingdirectedtoappliedorso-calledpracticalsubjects,bothinteachingandinresearch;aproprietarytreatmentofresearchresults,withthecommercialinterestinsecrecyoverridingthepublic’sinterestinfree,sharedknowledge;andanattempttoruntheuniversitymorelikeabusinessthattreatsindustryandstudentsasclientsandourselvesasserviceproviderswithsomethingtosell.Wepayincreasingattentiontotheimmediateneedsanddemandsofour“customers”and,astheoldsayinggoes,“thecustomerisalwaysright”.

Privatizationisparticularlyfrighteningfromthepointofviewofpublicwell-being.Aresearcheremployedbyauniversity-affiliatedhospitalinCanada,workingundercontractwithapharmaceuticalcompany,madepublicherfindingsthataparticulardrugwasharmful.Thisviolatedthetermsofhercontract,andsoshewasfired.Herdismissalcausedascandal,andshewassubsequentlyreinstated.Theuniversityandhospitalinquestionarenowworkingoutsomethingakintotenureforhospital-basedresearchersandguidelinesforcontracts,sothatmorepublicdisclosureofprivatelyfundedresearchwillbecomepossible.Thisisararevictoryandasmallstepintherightdirection,butthegeneraltrendistheotherway.Thankstoprofit-drivenprivatefunding,researchersarenotonlyforcedtokeepvaluableinformationsecret,theyareoftencontractuallyobligedtokeepdiscovereddangerstopublichealthunderwraps,too.Ofcourse,wemustnotbetoonaiveaboutthis.Governmentscanunwiselyinsistinsecrecy,too,asdidtheBritishMinistryofAgriculture,Fisheries,andFoodintheworktheyfundedinconnectionwiththebovinespongiformencephalopathyepidemic.Thispreventedothersfromreviewingtherelevantdataandpointingoutthatproblemsweremoreseriousthangovernmentwaslettingon.

1.Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthatthecampuslifebecome（

）.

2.Theauthorbelievesthatweshouldpay

（

）.

3.Theresearchermentionedinthethirdparagraphwasfiredbecause

（

）.

4.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat

（

）.

5.Theauthorarguesfor（

）.

問題1選項

A.moreconvenient

B.ratherugly

C.somewhatharmful

D.nomoreaestheticthanbefore

問題2選項

A.moreattentiontotheimmediateneedsanddemandsofourcustomers

B.dueattentiontothepublicinterestinfree,sharedknowledge

C.littleattentiontoappliedsubjects

D.considerableattentiontothecommercialinterestinthesecrecyofresearchresults

問題3選項

A.sheworkedforapharmaceuticalcompany

B.shewasobligedtokeepherdiscoveriessecret

C.shefailedtokeepherresearchresultssecret

D.shecommittedherselftoacontractwithacompany

問題4選項

A.thegeneralpublicistoonaivetoacceptthe“privatization”

B.itisageneraltrendthattherewillbemorepublicdisclosureofprivatelyfundedresearch

C.thenotionthat‘thecustomerisalwaysright”isoutofdate

D.thebovinespongiformencephalopathyepidemicinBritainwasmoreseriousthanwhatwasdisclosed

問題5選項

A.publicdisclosureofprivatelyfundedresearch

B.profit-drivenprivatefunding

C.thecooperationofuniversitiesandhospitals

D.theincreasingcommercializationofthecampus

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.文章第一段someoftheothernewfeaturesofcommercializedcampuslifedo,however,constituteaseriousthreattothingswerightlyrevere提到商業(yè)化正嚴重威脅學生的校園生活，選項C符合題意。

2.文章第二段withthecommercialinterestinsecrecyoverridingthepublic’sinterestinfree,sharedknowledge;andanattempttoruntheuniversitymorelikeabusinessthattreatsindustryandstudentsasclientsandourselvesasserviceproviderswithsomethingtosell提到商業(yè)利益的保密性凌駕于大眾的知情權(quán)之上，他們試圖把大學變成一個商業(yè)場所，作者對這種做法是表示批判的，因此可以推斷出作者認為應該給予大眾知情權(quán)。選項B符合題意。

3.文章第三段提到這位研究者與公司是簽訂了保密協(xié)議的，但是她卻將公司生產(chǎn)有害藥品的事情公之于眾(madepublicherfindingsthataparticulardrugwasharmful)，因此她違反了當初簽的協(xié)議，所以被解雇了。選項C符合題意。

4.文章最后一段ofcourse,wemustnotbetoonaiveaboutthis.Governmentscanunwiselyinsistinsecrecy,too,asdidtheBritishMinistryofAgriculture,Fisheries,andFoodintheworktheyfundedinconnectionwiththebovinespongiformencephalopathyepidemic提到政府同樣會對安全信息保密，然后舉了這個bovinespongiformencephalopathy這個病，言下之意是政府報道出的內(nèi)容沒有實際的嚴重，選項D符合題意。

5.作者在文章中是支持把信息公開的，對那些剝奪民眾知情權(quán)的做法是表示反對的，所以選項A符合題意。

12.單選題

UKandChinahassomethingsimilarintheircompulsoryeducationsystem.Firstly,bothinUKandChina,“mostchildrenreceivefreeeducationalfinancefrompublicfunds,butsmallportionsattendschoolswhollyindependentofpublicfinancialsupport.’’Secondly,bothofthetwocountrieshavelawstoensurecompulsoryeducation.Thirdly,thetwocountrieshavethesamecurriculums.Forexample,accordingtoZhuYongtaoandWangLili,foreignlanguagesaretaughtasanintegralpartofthecurriculum,reflectingtheimportanceofBritish’srelationshipwithEuropeandChina’srelationshipwithEnglishspeakingcountries.Fourthly,studentsinChinaandUKbothspend6yearsfinishingprimaryeducation.Fifthly,therearesomeimportantexamsforstudentsincompulsoryeducationsystemsinChinaandUK.InUK,therearetwomainexaminations.TheGeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation(GCSE)isusuallytakenby16-year-oldchildren.TheGeneralCertificateofEducationatAdvancedLevel(GCEAlevel),isnormallytakenattheendofthesecondyearby19-year-oldstudents.InChina,exceptforanexamforthesixthgradegraduatesinprimaryschool,thereisahighschoolentranceexaminationforJunior3students.

TherearelotsofdifferencesbetweenChinaandUKincompulsoryeducation.Itcanbedividedintofiveparts.

Firstly,theaimofeducationintheUKandChinaisnotquitesimilarwitheachother.AccordingtoSuiMingcai,Britisheducationaimsto“developindividualabilitiestothefullandtoshapethoseabilitiesforthebenefitofsocietyasawhole”.AndinChina,“it’stoleteveryoneaccepteducation,haveknowledgeandskillstomakelife.”

Secondly,theyearofcompulsoryeducationisdifferentbetweenthetwocountries.InUK,theagetobeginschoolis5(4inNorthernIreland),andthecompulsoryeducationendsat16,whereasinChinathecompulsoryeducationstartsfrom6andendsat14,whichisanine-yearcompulsoryeducation.

Thirdly,thescheduleofcompulsoryeducationinthetwocountriesisdifferent.AccordingtoWikipediaandSuiMingcai,Britishcompulsoryeducationcanbedividedintotwostages:primaryschoolsandsecondaryschools.Thestateschoolingwasfreeandcompulsoryuptothelegalschool-leavingage.WhileinChina,compulsoryeducationconsistsofprimaryschoolsandmiddleschools.

TheschoolyearinUKisdividedintothreeterms(autumn,springandsummer),whiletwoparts(spring,autumn)inChina.Britishschooldayinmoststatesandindependentschools(exceptforinfantandjuniorschool)usuallystartsat8:45a.m.andendsat3:30p.m.InChina,everyschooldayismadeupoftwoperiodswhichare7:30a.m.to12:00a.m.,2:30p.m.to5:30p.m.Studentscangohomeforlunch.ItshowsthatChinesestudentsusuallyspendmoretimeatschool.

Inaddition,inBritain,aschool-agechildcanreceivecompulsoryeducationathomeoratatutor’splaceorsomeotherforms,whileinChina,compulsoryeducationmeansschooleducation.

1.Thispassageismainlyconcernedwith（）.

2.InwhatwaydoesUKeducateitspeople?

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

問題1選項

A.acomparisonstudyonfreeeducationsystembetweenChinaandUK

B.acomparisonstudyoncompulsoryeducationsystembetweenChinaandUK

C.acomparisonstudyonfinancialsystembetweenChinaandUK

D.acomparisonstudyonculturebetweenChinaandUK

問題2選項

A.UKintendstoeducateitspeopletheabilitiestoservethecountrywholly.

B.UKintendstoeducateitspeopletheindividualabilitiesfully.

C.UKintendstoeducateitspeopletheabilitiesonlyforthebenefitofthesociety.

D.UKintendstoeducateitspeopletheindividualabilitiesaswellastheabilitiesforthebenefitofthesociety.

問題3選項

A.ChildreninNorthernIrelandstartthecompulsoryeducationatanearlierage.

B.StudentsinUKspend16yearsforthecompulsoryeducation.

C.ThelengthoftheyearsforthecompulsoryeducationinChinais14years.

D.ThelengthoftheyearsforthecompulsoryeducationbothinUKandChinaisthesame.

問題4選項

A.TermsoftheschoolyearinUKdonotincludewinter.

B.StudentsinChinaandUKbothspend6yearsfinishingprimaryeducation.

C.StudentsinUKtaketwomainexaminationsnormallywhentheyare15and19yearsoldinthecompulsoryeducation.

D.StudentsinChinaspendmoretimeinschoolscomparedwithstudentsinUK.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.【試題解析】主旨大意題。本文主要講述了中國和英國教育的異同之處。因此B選項“關于中國和英國的義務教育體系的對比研究”符合題意。

2.【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段中“AccordingtoSuiMingcai,Britisheducationaimsto‘developindividualabilitiestothefullandtoshapethoseabilitiesforthebenefitofsocietyasawhole’”，中文翻譯為：按照SuiMingcai的說法，整體來看，英國教育的目標是充分發(fā)展個人能力和塑造這些能力以造福社會?？梢缘弥狣選項“英國旨在培養(yǎng)人民的個人能力以及造福社會的能力”符合題意。

3.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由選項中關鍵詞定位到文章“InUK,theagetobeginschoolis5(4inNorthernIreland),andthecompulsoryeducationendsat16,whereasinChinathecompulsoryeducationstartsfrom6andendsat14,whichisanine-yearcompulsoryeducation.”，中文翻譯為：在英國，5歲開始上學（在北愛爾蘭是4歲），16歲義務教育結(jié)束；而在中國義務教育開始于6結(jié)束于14歲，實行的是九年制義務教育?？梢缘弥狝選項“北愛爾蘭的孩子在更早的年齡開始義務教育”符合題意。

4.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由A選項可以定位到文章中“TheschoolyearinUKisdividedintothreeterms(autumn,springandsummer),whiletwoparts(spring,autumn)inChina.”，中文翻譯為：英國的學年分為三期（秋、春、夏）；而中國是兩個學期（春和秋），可知A選項“英國的學年不包括冬天”正確；由B選項可以定位到文章中“Fourthly,studentsinChinaandUKbothspend6yearsfinishingprimaryeducation.”，中文翻譯為：第四，中國和英國的學生都要6年完成初等教育。可知B選項“中國和英國的學生都花6年時間完成基礎教育”正確；由C選項可以定位到文章中“InUK,therearetwomainexaminations.TheGeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation(GCSE)isusuallytakenby16-year-oldchildren.TheGeneralCertificateofEducationatAdvancedLevel(GCEAlevel),isnormallytakenattheendofthesecondyearby19-year-oldstudents.”，中文翻譯為：英國有兩次重要的考試。普通中等教育證（GCSE）考試通常是16歲的孩子參加。普通高級教育證書（GCEA）考試通常是在第二年年底由19歲的學生參加?？芍狢選項“英國的學生在義務教育階段，一般是在15歲和19歲的時候參加兩次主要的考試”錯誤；根據(jù)原文“Inaddition,inBritain,aschool-agechildcanreceivecompulsoryeducationathomeoratatutor’splaceorsomeotherforms,whileinChina,compulsoryeducationmeansschooleducation.”，中文翻譯為：此外，在英國，學齡兒童可以在家里或?qū)熌抢锘蛞云渌问浇邮芰x務教育，而在中國，義務教育意味著學校教育?？梢缘弥狣選項“與英國學生相比，中國學生在學校的時間更長”是正確的。故C選項符合題意。

13.單選題

Thesenaturalresourceswillbedepletedsoonerorlaterifthepresentrateofexploitationgoeson.

問題1選項

A.minimized

B.deployed

C.inclined

D.mingled

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項minimized“使減到最少；小看，極度輕視；最小化”；B選項deployed“配置；展開；使疏開；部署”；C選項inclined“使……傾向”；D選項mingled“（使）相混，融合；摻和；（在社交場合）相交往，應酬”。句意：如果按目前的開采速度繼續(xù)下去，這些自然資源遲早會枯竭。本句關鍵詞bedepleted表示“被耗盡”，beminimized可以做同義替換，表示被最小化，被減到最少；因此A選項正確。

14.單選題

Theseproblemsare（）examplesintheefforttoavoidtheinevitableeffectsofshortsightedfiscalplanninginthefuture.

問題1選項

A.representative

B.aberrant

C.insignificant

D.illuminating

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項representative“典型的”；B選項aberrant“異常的”；C選項insignificant“無關緊要的”；D選項illuminating“照亮的，啟蒙的”。句意：這些問題是典型的例子，為了努力避免未來目光短淺的財政規(guī)劃所帶來不可避免的影響。選項A符合語境。

15.單選題

Mr.TunickfiledsuitagainsttheNewYorkpolicedepartmentaftercityofficials____hisrequest.

問題1選項

A.turneddown

B.turnedin

C.turnedoff

D.turnedout

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.turneddown拒絕A.turnedin上床睡覺；上交，提交

C.turnedoff關閉；失去興趣；離開D.turnedout結(jié)果是

【考查點】詞組辨析

【解題思路】原文空格處的主語為“紐約市官員”賓語為“他的請求”，并且在這件事發(fā)生之后，“Tunick對紐約市警察局提起了訴訟”，由此推斷，Tunick因為請求被拒絕，所以對紐約市警察局提起了訴訟，A選項turneddown“拒絕”符合語義。

【干擾項排除】

B選項turnedin“上床睡覺；上交，提交”，語義不符；

C選項turnedoff“關閉；失去興趣；離開（道路）”，語義不符；

D選項turnedout“結(jié)果是”，語義不符。

【句意】在紐約市官員拒絕他的請求后，Tunick對紐約市警察局提起了訴訟。

16.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpartintoEnglish.

西藏在中國的西南部。居住在這里的藏族先民，遠在公元前就與生活在中原的漢族有聯(lián)系。到了唐朝(公元618-907年)，藏漢雙方通過王室間的聯(lián)姻、會盟，在政治上形成了團結(jié)友好的親誼關系，在經(jīng)濟和文化上建立了密切的聯(lián)系，為最終建立統(tǒng)一的國家奠定了深厚的基礎。十三世紀中葉，西藏正式歸入中國元朝版圖。自此以后，盡管中國經(jīng)歷了幾代王朝的興替，但西藏一直處于中央政權(quán)的管轄之下。

【答案】TibetislocatedinSouthwestChina.ThepeoplewholivedtherestruckuplinkswiththeHanintheCentralPlainslongbeforetheChristianera.BytheTangDynasty(AD618-907),theTibetansandHanshas,throughmarriagesbetweenroyalfamiliesandotheralliances,cementedunityandpoliticalfriendshipandformedcloseeconomicandculturalrelations.Thiscreatedasolidfoundationfortheultimatefoundingofaunifiednation.Inthemid-13thcentury,TibetwasofficiallyincorporatedintotheterritoryofChina’sYuanDynasty.Sincethen,althoughChinaexperiencedseveraldynasticchanges,TibethasremainedunderthejurisdictionofthecentralgovernmentofChina.

17.單選題

Thetwodelegateshadanin-depthexchangeofviewsonhowtoenhancetheir（）co