考研考博-英語-周口職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-周口職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Obesitygenerallyisdefinedasanaccumulationoffat(adiposetissue)beyondwhatisconsiderednormalforaperson’sage,sex,andbodytype.Intoday’ssocietyobesityisconsideredasadisease,notamoralfailing.Itoccurswhenenergyintakeexceedstheamountofenergyexpendedovertime.Onlyinasmallminorityofcasesisobesitycausedbysuchillnessesashypothyroidism,ortheresultoftakingmedications,suchassteroids,thatcancauseweightgain.

Themoreapersonweighs,themorebloodvesselsthebodyneedstocirculatebloodthroughoutthebody.Thehearttakesonaheavyburdenasithastopumphardertoforcethebloodflowthroughsomanyvessels.Asaresult,theheartgrowsinsizeandbloodpressuretendstorise.Obesityisalsoafactorinosteoarthritis(becauseoftheextraweightplacedonjoints),gout,boneandjointdiseases(includingrupturedintervertebraldiscs),varicoseveins,respiratoryailments,andgallbladderdisease,complicationsduringpregnancyanddelivery,andhigheraccidentaldeathrate.

Obesitycanalterhormonelevels,affectimmunefunction,andcauseimpotenceinmenandreproductiveproblemsinwomen.Womenwhoare30%overweightaretwiceaslikelytodieofendometrialcancer,andthosewhoare40%overweighthavefourtimestherisk.Obesewomenalsoaremorelikelytoincurcancersofthebreast,cervix,ovaries,andgallbladder.Obesemenaremorelikelytodevelopcancersoftherectum,colon,esophagus,bladder,pancreas,stomach,andprostate.

Obesitycanalsocausepsychologicalproblems.Sufferersareassociatedwithlaziness,failure,orinadequatewillpower.Asaresult,overweightmenandwomenblamethemselvesforbeingheavy,thuscausingfeelingsofguiltanddepression.

ScientificevidencehasfoundanassociationbetweenMBI(body-massindex)andhigherdeathrates.However,therelativeriskofbeingheavydeclineswithage.Someresearchershavefoundthatdatalinkingoverweightanddeathareinconclusive,whileotherresearchershavefoundthatlosingweightmayberiskierthandangersposedbyextrapounds.Someresearcherscounterthatoverweightindirectlycontributestoover300,000deathsayear.

ApollbyShapeupAmericafoundthat78%ofoverweightorobeseadultshaveabandoneddietingasameansoflosingweight.Dietsdonotteachpeoplehowtoeatproperly.Theymerelyrestrictfoodintaketemporarily,sowhenthedietends,weightgainresumes.

11.Whichofthefollowingexpressesthemainideaofthispassage?

12.Accordingtothepassage,（）

13.Accordingtothepassage,whydoesdietingnotresultinpermanentweightloss?

14.WhichofthefollowingisimpliedinParagraph5?

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbeconcludedfromthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Obesityputsaburdenontheheart.

B.Manypeopleareconstantlydieting.

C.Obesityisconsideredtobeadisease.

D.Obesitycanleadtomanyhealthproblems.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Obesityisoftenrelatedtomedicationssuchassteroids.

B.Obesitydoesnotaffectaperson’schancesofgettingcancer.

C.Adiagnosisofobesityisbasedonanormalweightforone’sageandsex.

D.Obesityisbecominglessofaproblemintoday’ssociety.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Dietsdon’tteachpeoplegoodeatinghabits.

B.Dietsleadtoguiltanddepression.

C.Therearetoomanydietsandeachhasdifferentrequirements.

D.Dietscausefeelingsofdeprivation.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Losingalotofweightisnotwiseforolderpersons.

B.Somesurgicalmethodsforweightlossarebetterthandieting.

C.Allobesepeopleneedtoshedtheirextrapounds.

D.Obesepeopleshouldconsulttheirdoctorsabouttheprosandconsoflosingweight.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Obesityisnotamajorhealthrisk.

B.Scientistsagreeontheconnectionbetweenobesityanddeath.

C.Obesepeoplearelikelytobebiasedagainstbyothers.

D.Obesepeopleoftenblameothersfortheirconditions.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】11.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是講肥胖可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致很多疾病。D選項(xiàng)“肥胖會(huì)導(dǎo)致很多疾病”，選項(xiàng)D正確。C選項(xiàng)“肥胖被認(rèn)為是一種疾病”，文章只是稍微提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。B選項(xiàng)“許多人不斷節(jié)食”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。A選項(xiàng)“肥胖給心臟帶來負(fù)擔(dān)”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

12.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句Obesitygenerallyisdefinedasanaccumulationoffat(adiposetissue)beyondwhatisconsiderednormalforaperson’sage,sex,andbodytype.（肥胖通常被定義為一個(gè)人的年齡、性別和體型超出正常范圍的脂肪堆積。）也就是說，肥胖的診斷是基于一個(gè)人的年齡和性別的正常體重。選項(xiàng)C“肥胖的診斷是基于一個(gè)人的年齡和性別的正常體重”與原文描述一致。A選項(xiàng)“肥胖通常與藥物有關(guān)，比如類固醇”，類固醇并不是造成肥胖的主要原因，A選項(xiàng)可排除。B選項(xiàng)“肥胖并不影響一個(gè)人得癌癥的機(jī)會(huì)”，肥胖可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致癌癥，B選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“在當(dāng)今社會(huì)，肥胖問題已經(jīng)不那么嚴(yán)重了”，肥胖仍然是一個(gè)比較嚴(yán)重的問題，排除D選項(xiàng)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

13.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后兩句Dietsdonotteachpeoplehowtoeatproperly.Theymerelyrestrictfoodintaketemporarily,sowhenthedietends,weightgainresumes.（節(jié)食不會(huì)教人們?nèi)绾握_的飲食。它們只是暫時(shí)限制食物的攝入量，所以當(dāng)飲食結(jié)束時(shí)，體重又會(huì)增加）。選項(xiàng)A“節(jié)食并沒有教會(huì)人們良好的飲食習(xí)慣”，符合原文內(nèi)容，A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“節(jié)食會(huì)導(dǎo)致內(nèi)疚和抑郁”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“有太多的節(jié)食，每個(gè)都有不同的要求”，文章沒有提到這一點(diǎn)，可排除。D選項(xiàng)“節(jié)食會(huì)導(dǎo)致被剝奪的感覺”，不符合文章內(nèi)容，可排除。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

14.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第五段大意為：一些研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，將超重和死亡聯(lián)系起來的數(shù)據(jù)并不確定，而另一些研究人員則發(fā)現(xiàn)，減肥可能比超重的危害更大。而劃線部分的前一句提到：體重超標(biāo)的相對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)會(huì)隨著年齡的增長而下降。由此可推斷，老年人減肥是不明智的。選項(xiàng)A“對(duì)老年人來說，大量減肥是不明智的”，A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“有些減肥的外科手術(shù)方法比節(jié)食更好”，文章沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。C選項(xiàng)“所有肥胖的人都需要減掉多余的體重”，文章所說，肥胖對(duì)人體的危害會(huì)隨年齡的增加而減小，因此不是所有肥胖的人都需減重，C選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“肥胖者應(yīng)該向醫(yī)生咨詢減肥的利弊”，文章并沒有提到此內(nèi)容，可排除。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

15.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】主旨大意題。由題干我們可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段第一句ScientificevidencehasfoundanassociationbetweenMBI(body-massindex)andhigherdeathrates.（科學(xué)證據(jù)表明，MBI（身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)）與較高的死亡率之間存在關(guān)聯(lián)。）由此可推測，肥胖也與死亡存在著聯(lián)系，因此B選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家們一致同意肥胖和死亡之間的聯(lián)系”正確。

2.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Atfirst,thenewbusinessplanseemedcounterintuitive—ifnotaquickroutetobankruptcy.KoreanswhoorderedproductsfromLGHomeShopping,atelevisionshoppingchannelhawkingeverythingfromjewelrytocookware,couldreturnthemnoquestionsaskedandgetarefundevenbeforetheitemswerecollectedfromtheirhome.Alldeliverieswerefree.AndthenewplanwaslaunchedinthedepthsoftheAsianfinancialcrisisin1998.

LittlewonderthateveryoneincludinghisstaffthoughtLGHomeShoppingChiefExecutiveChoiYungJaehasascrewlooses.EvenasChoiofferedoneofthebestbargainsinKorea,herefusedtosacrificequality.Oneday,heappearedataSeoulwarehouseforaspotinspection—andcanceledordersfromnearly70%ofLG’ssuppliers.“Customertrustwillmakeorbreakourbusiness,”hedeclared.Notlongafter,Choisetupafaxlineinhisofficetohandlecustomercomplaintsdirectly.Complaintspouredin.“Butthen,”saysLGmanagerShinHyungBum,“sixmonthslaterhestartedgettingcomplimentaryfaxes.”Executivesareconfidentthatsaleswilljumpanother50%nextyear.

Choiisstillgettingthem.In1998,LGHomeShoppingearneditsfirstprofitassalestripledto$169million.Thechannel,whichairsaroundtheclockandpricesitemsuptoone-thirdcheaperthandepartmentstores,hasthrivedeversince.Despitetheglobalslowdown,thecompanypredictssalesof$779millionthisyear,up68%from2000.

LGtakesadvantageofKoreandemographics.Knowingthatmostmiddle-classwomenarehomemakers,ithasfocuseditsmarketingonfemalesintheir30sand40s.AnddeliverycostsareminimalbecausenearlyhalfofKorea’s14.3millionfamiliesresideinapartmentblocks.

Theoperationisalsoresolutelyup-market,incontrasttosimilarU.S.channels.Becausemostcable-TVsubscribersinKoreaarewell-to-do,LGsellsnoitemforlessthan$23,whichitfiguresistheminimumitcanchargeandstillmakea4%marginaftercoveringdelivery.Onaverage,LGshoppersspend$110perorder,triplewhatU.S.TVshoppersspend.

RivalsacknowledgeChoi’scontributiontoelectronicshopping,whichhasaccountedfor3%ofKorea’s$90billionretailmarket.“ThewholeindustryisindebtedtoChoi’spioneeringcampaign,”saysSamsungVice-PresidentSuhKangHo,whoheadsthechaebol’sInternetShoppingdivision.“ThebigquestionisifLGcankeepitsgrowthinthefaceoftoughercompetition.”

1.Whichofthefollowingbestdefinestheword“counterintuitive”(L.1,Para.1)?

2.Bysayingthat“ChoiYungJaehasascrewlooses”(L.2,Para.2),theauthormeansthat（）.

3.IntheviewsofChoi（）

4.Fromthetext,wecaninferthat（）

5.WhatistheattitudeofSuhKangHotowardsthefuturegrowthofLG?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sensible.

B.Irrational.

C.Quick.

D.Feasible.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thestaffinthecompanyareafraidofChoi

B.thereissomethingwrongwiththefacilityofthecompany

C.Choiismadtosomeextent

D.Choi’sbargainscannotbeacceptedbythestaff

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.productqualityiscrucialtothesuccessofthecompany.

B.electronicshoppinghasabrightfuture.

C.theAmericanwayofe-commercehasmoredisadvantages.

D.therivalcompanyhasalreadyacknowledgedhiscontribution.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thenewelectronicshoppingplanstartsinanunfavorableeconomicsituation.

B.themajorityofthecustomersofLG’sservicearewomenandchildren.

C.theAmericanelectronicshoppingcompaniesaretherivalsofLG.

D.thepriceofthesameproductsoldbyLGishigherthanthatoftheAmericanCompany.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Positive.

B.Negative.

C.Suspicious.

D.Indifferent.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:詞義推斷題。本題如果記過這個(gè)單詞可以直接選擇，如果不認(rèn)識(shí)也沒有關(guān)系，根據(jù)詞根詞綴法我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，單詞由counter-和intuitive兩部分組成，詞綴counter意為“反對(duì)”，intuitive意為“直覺的”，因此這個(gè)單詞的意思大概為“違背直覺的”，B項(xiàng)正確，如果不知道這個(gè)方法也可以從后文的“ifnotaquickroutetobankruptcy.”（如果你不想快速破產(chǎn)的話）可見當(dāng)時(shí)普通人對(duì)新商業(yè)計(jì)劃的認(rèn)知都是它是不正常的，違背常理的，答案為B。

第2題:作者意圖題。首先定位到這個(gè)句子的前后文，后面是說到Choi拒絕犧牲商品的質(zhì)量，也就是他必須要保證每一件商品的質(zhì)量，在后面提到說他去視察一個(gè)工廠時(shí)，直接讓那個(gè)工廠70%的商品都標(biāo)為不合格并且直接取消，說明他對(duì)于商品的質(zhì)量是有著很瘋狂的追求的，他絕對(duì)不會(huì)犧牲商品的質(zhì)量來換取營業(yè)額，題干中的“screwlooses”意為做事古怪的，也與C項(xiàng)相符。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。題干提問在Choi的觀點(diǎn)中是怎么樣的，A項(xiàng)說他認(rèn)為產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量是公司成功的關(guān)鍵，這一點(diǎn)從第二段可以看出，他非常強(qiáng)調(diào)商品的質(zhì)量，因此A保留；B項(xiàng)全文并沒有提及，電子購物現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)發(fā)展得如火如荼，但是它的未來Choi并沒有給出觀點(diǎn)，要注意題干問的是Choi的觀點(diǎn)，并不是考生的想法，不要代入自己的主觀思想，要從題干中找信息；C項(xiàng)也沒有提及；D項(xiàng)是Choi的對(duì)手三星總裁的觀點(diǎn)，答案為A。

第4題:文章推斷題。A項(xiàng)在第一段的最后一句話“AndthenewplanwaslaunchedinthedepthsoftheAsianfinancialcrisisin1998.”可以得出，A項(xiàng)保留；B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，電視購物的主力就是家庭婦女，并沒有兒童；C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，LG的對(duì)手主要是韓國國內(nèi)的其他平臺(tái)；D項(xiàng)也不對(duì)，只是說LG的顧客會(huì)在購買時(shí)花得更多，而不是它的單價(jià)高。答案為A。

第5題:作者態(tài)度題。根據(jù)人名定位到最后一段，Suh說道“ThebigquestionisifLGcankeepitsgrowthinthefaceoftoughercompetition.”意思是不確定LG能不能在之后更加激烈的競爭中勝出，說明他對(duì)于LG的未來是持懷疑態(tài)度的，答案為C。

3.單選題

Wheninhisrebelliousyears,thatiswhenhewassixteenoreighteen,FrankAnderson（

）goingaroundwithastrangesetofpeopleandstayingoutverylate.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tookto

B.tookon

C.tookup

D.tookin

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)taketo“（尤指短時(shí)間接觸后）喜歡上，喜愛，養(yǎng)成（做……）的習(xí)慣”；B選項(xiàng)takeon“承擔(dān)，接受，呈現(xiàn)”；C選項(xiàng)takeup“占用，開始從事”；D選項(xiàng)takein“接受，吸收，收留，欺騙”。此句是描寫FrankAnderson叛逆期的行為習(xí)慣，因此選A。句意：在他叛逆的歲月里，也就是他十六或十八歲的時(shí)候，弗蘭克?安德森喜歡和一群奇怪的人在一起，而且在外面待得很晚。

4.單選題

Hewas_______inthestreetsoftheMexicancapitalbymorethanamillionpeople,mostofthemsincerelyinspired.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.acclaimed

B.attested

C.ratified

D.considered

【答案】A

【解析】acclaim歡呼,喝彩,稱贊;attest證明;ratify批準(zhǔn),認(rèn)可;consider考慮。句意：他在墨西哥首都的大街上受到一百多萬人的歡迎,其中大多數(shù)人都受到了真誠的鼓舞。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

5.單選題

Thereisastandardmethod（）officersareselectedforpromotion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whereby

B.that

C.where

D.whereas

【答案】B

【解析】考查從句。A選項(xiàng)whereby“憑此，借以，由于”，B選項(xiàng)that“那個(gè)”，C選項(xiàng)where“哪里”，D選項(xiàng)whereas“然而，盡管”。句意：選拔軍官晉升有一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的方法。因此,B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

6.單選題

Theaccidentoccurredwhenavan（

）onthesnow-coveredroadandbumpedintoacarthatwasnotabletosteerawayintimeowingalsotothesnow.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.skidded

B.slid

C.glided

D.slipped

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：事故發(fā)生時(shí)，一輛面包車在積雪覆蓋的路上打滑，撞上了一輛由于下雪無法及時(shí)躲開的小汽車。選項(xiàng)A“打滑”符合題意。

7.單選題

Mostpeopletravelinthecourseoftheirworkaregiventraveling（）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.income

B.allowances

C.wages

D.pay

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。income“收入”；allowance“津貼”；wage“工資”；pay“付款，工資”。句意：大部分在工作過程中旅行的人都會(huì)有旅游津貼。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

8.單選題

Manypeopleseemtothinkthatsciencefictionistypifiedbythecoversofsomeoftheoldpulpmagazines:theBug-EyedMonster,embodyingeverytraitand（1）thatmostpeoplefindrepulsive,isabouttograb,andpresumablyravish,asweet,blonde,curvaceous,scantily-cladEarthgirl.Thisisunfortunatebecauseitdemeansand（2）aworthwhileandevenimportantliteraryendeavor.In（3）tothisunwarrantedstereotype,sciencefictionrarelyemphasizessex,andwhenit（4）,itismorediscreetthanothercontemporaryfiction.（5）,thebasicinterestofsciencefictionliesinthe（6）betweenmanandhistechnologyandbetweenmanandtheuniverse.Sciencefictionisaliteratureofchangeandaliteratureofthefuture,andwhileitwouldbefoolishto（7）thatsciencefictionisamajorliterarygenreatthistime,the（8）ofhumanlifethatitconsidersmakeitwellworthreadingandstudyingfor（9）otherliteraryformdoesquitethesamethings.

Thequestionis:whatissciencefiction?Andtheanswer（0）be,unfortunately,thattherehavebeen（1）attemptstoconsiderthisquestionatanylengthorwithmuchseriousness;itmaywellbethatsciencefictionwillresistanycomprehensivedefinitionofits（12）.Tosaythis,however,doesnotmeanthattherearenowaysofdefiningit,（13）thatvariousfacetsofitstotalitycannotbeclarified.Tobeginwith,thefollowing（14）shouldbehelpful:sciencefictionisaliterarysubgenrewhichpostulatesachange(forhumanbeings)fromconditionsasweknowthemandfollowsthe（15）ofthesechangestoaconclusion.Althoughthisdefinitionwillnecessarilybemodifiedand（16）,itcoversmuchofthebasicgroundworkandprovidesa（17）ofdeparture.

Thefirstpoint—thatsciencefictionisaliterarysubgenre—isaveryimportantone,butonewhichisoftenoverlookedor（18）inmostdiscussionsofsciencefiction.Specifically,sciencefictioniscitherashortstoryoranovel.（19）areonlyafewdramaswhichcouldbe（20）sciencefiction,withKarelCapek’sRUR(Russum’sUniversalRobots)（21）theonlyonethatiswell-known;thebodyofpoetrythatmightbelabeledsciencefictionisonlyslightlylarger.Tosaythatsciencefictionisasubgenreofprosefictionistosaythatithasallthebasiccharacteristicsandservesthatsamebasic（22）inmuchthesamewayasprosefiction（23）,thatis,itsharesagreatdealwithallothernovelsandshortstories.

Everythingthatcan（24）aboutprosefiction,ingeneral,appliestosciencefiction.Everypieceofsciencefiction,（25）shortstoryornovel,musthaveanarrator,astory,aplot,asetting,characters,languageandtheme.And（26）anyprose,thethemesofsciencefictionareconcernedwith（27）man’snatureandexperienceinrelationtotheworldaroundhim.Themesinsciencefictionareconstructedand（28）inexactlythesamewaysthatthemesaredealtwithinanyotherkindoffiction.Theyaretheresultofaparticular（29）ofnarrator,story,plot,character,setting,andlanguage.Inshort,thereasonsforreadingandenjoyingsciencefiction,andthewaysofstudyingandanalyzingit,arebasicallythesameastheywould（30）foranyotherstoryornovel.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.expression

B.feature

C.character

D.merit

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.deserts

B.advocates

C.degrades

D.reduces

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.regard

B.contrast

C.relation

D.accordance

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.was

B.is

C.did

D.does

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Instead

B.However

C.Therefore

D.Also

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.bonds

B.communication

C.relation

D.alliance

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.claim

B.swear

C.request

D.confirm

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.dimensions

B.walks

C.aspects

D.roles

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.none

B.some

C.any

D.no

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.should

B.must

C.will

D.can’t

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.few

B.afew

C.little

D.alittle

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.essence

B.characteristics

C.quality

D.value

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.nor

B.so

C.though

D.since

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.procedure

B.argument

C.instruction

D.definition

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.suggestions

B.applications

C.implications

D.descriptions

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.prolonged

B.expanded

C.continued

D.stretched

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.point

B.dot

C.location

D.spot

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.abandoned

B.dismissed

C.initiated

D.ignored

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.Those

B.What

C.There

D.They

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.referred

B.entitled

C.called

D.declared

問題21選項(xiàng)

A.being

B.is

C.are

D.does

問題22選項(xiàng)

A.intentions

B.functions

C.routines

D.occasions

問題23選項(xiàng)

A.inresult

B.incommon

C.ingeneral

D.inmanner

問題24選項(xiàng)

A.besaying

B.besaid

C.tosay

D.say

問題25選項(xiàng)

A.either

B.neither

C.notonly

D.whether

問題26選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.though

C.unlike

D.like

問題27選項(xiàng)

A.interpreting

B.translating

C.exchanging

D.representing

問題28選項(xiàng)

A.recognized

B.presented

C.depicted

D.expressed

問題29選項(xiàng)

A.conflict

B.cooperation

C.collection

D.combination

問題30選項(xiàng)

A.have

B.do

C.be

D.make

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:D

第10題:B

第11題:A

第12題:B

第13題:A

第14題:D

第15題:C

第16題:B

第17題:A

第18題:D

第19題:C

第20題:C

第21題:A

第22題:B

第23題:C

第24題:B

第25題:D

第26題:D

第27題:A

第28題:B

第29題:C

第30題:D

【解析】1.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)expression“表現(xiàn)，表達(dá)；表情”；B選項(xiàng)feature“特色，特征；容貌；特寫”；C選項(xiàng)character“性格，品質(zhì)；特性；角色”；D選項(xiàng)merit“優(yōu)點(diǎn)，價(jià)值；功績；功過”。由空格前trait“特點(diǎn)”可知B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)desert“遺棄；放棄；逃跑”；B選項(xiàng)advocate“提倡，主張，擁護(hù)”；C選項(xiàng)degrade“貶低；使……丟臉；使……降級(jí)；使……降解”；D選項(xiàng)reduce“減少；降低”。由空格前關(guān)鍵字demean“貶低……的身份”可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題解析】考查固定搭配。incontrastto“與……相反”，由空格后關(guān)鍵句sciencefictionrarelyemphasizessex，中文翻譯為：科幻小說很少強(qiáng)調(diào)性，可知B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題解析】考查語法。由空格前的句子可知此處為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，并且這里為主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)語境和句意可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。結(jié)合后文“thebasicinterestofsciencefictionliesin...betweenmanandhistechnologyandbetweenmanandtheuniverse.”，中文大意為：科幻小說的根本興趣在于人與其技術(shù)和人與宇宙之間的……。因此判斷出空格處表示相反的意思，A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)bonds“聯(lián)結(jié)，連接，聯(lián)系”；B選項(xiàng)communication“通訊；通信；交流”；C選項(xiàng)relation“關(guān)系；敘述；親屬關(guān)系”；D選項(xiàng)alliance“聯(lián)盟，聯(lián)合；聯(lián)姻”。聯(lián)系下文“betweenmanandhistechnologyandbetweenmanandtheuniverse.”，句意：人與其技術(shù)和人與宇宙之間的……根據(jù)語境和句意可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)claim“聲稱；需要”；B選項(xiàng)swear“發(fā)誓；咒罵”；C選項(xiàng)request“請(qǐng)求”；D選項(xiàng)confirm“確認(rèn)；確定”。由下文“thatsciencefictionisamajorliterarygenre”，中文翻譯為：科幻小說是一個(gè)主要的文學(xué)形式，可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)dimension“范圍；尺寸，長度；深度”；B選項(xiàng)walk“步行；行業(yè)；人行道”；C選項(xiàng)aspect“方面；方向；形勢；外貌”；D選項(xiàng)role“角色；任務(wù)”。根據(jù)上下文可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

9.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)none“沒有人；一個(gè)也沒有；沒有任何東西”；B選項(xiàng)some“一些；若干；其中的一部分；（數(shù)量不確切時(shí)用）有些人”；C選項(xiàng)any“任何；任何一個(gè)；若干”；D選項(xiàng)no“沒有；不”。根據(jù)上文makeitwellworthreadingandstudying，中文翻譯為：讓它值得被閱讀和研究。for在本句話中翻譯為“因?yàn)椤?，結(jié)合上下文意思，D選項(xiàng)正確。

10.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。結(jié)合上下文可知該空格處應(yīng)表示有把握的一種推測。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。結(jié)合上下文，空格處應(yīng)表示“幾乎不”，此處大意應(yīng)為：幾乎沒有人試圖對(duì)這個(gè)問題作過詳盡或認(rèn)真的考慮。結(jié)合句意A選項(xiàng)正確。

12.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)essence“本質(zhì)，實(shí)質(zhì)；精華”；B選項(xiàng)characteristics“特性，特征；特色”；C選項(xiàng)quality“質(zhì)量，品質(zhì)；特性”；D選項(xiàng)value“價(jià)值；價(jià)格”。B選項(xiàng)正確。

13.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。聯(lián)系下文“variousfacetsofitstotalitycannotbeclarified”，中文翻譯為“它全體的各個(gè)方面不能被澄清”可知此處表示否定，A選項(xiàng)正確。

14.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)procedure“程序，手續(xù)；步驟”；B選項(xiàng)argument“論證；論據(jù)；爭吵”；C選項(xiàng)instruction“指令；教導(dǎo)；用法說明”；D選項(xiàng)definition“定義；清晰度”。根據(jù)句意，D選項(xiàng)正確。

15.【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)suggestion“建議；示意”；B選項(xiàng)application“應(yīng)用；申請(qǐng)；敷用”；C選項(xiàng)implication“含義；暗示；可能的結(jié)果，影響”；D選項(xiàng)description“描述，描寫”。聯(lián)系上下文可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

16.【試題解析】考查詞義。A選項(xiàng)prolong“延長；拖延”；B選項(xiàng)expand“擴(kuò)展；使膨脹；詳述”；C選項(xiàng)continue“延續(xù)”；D選項(xiàng)stretch“伸展，張開；使竭盡所能”。結(jié)合句意，B選項(xiàng)正確。

17.【試題解析】考查固定搭配。apointofdeparture“出發(fā)點(diǎn)”。A選項(xiàng)正確。

18.【試題解析】考查詞義。A選項(xiàng)abandon“放棄”；B選項(xiàng)dismiss“解散；解雇”；C選項(xiàng)initiate“開始；發(fā)起”；D選項(xiàng)ignore“忽視；不理睬”。結(jié)合上下文及空格之前的內(nèi)容，可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

19.【試題解析】考查語法。therebe表示某處存在某人或某物。此處大意為：只有一些戲劇作品……因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

20.【試題解析】考查詞義，A選項(xiàng)refer“涉及；委托；歸諸于；使……求助于”；B選項(xiàng)entitle“給……稱號(hào)；使……有權(quán)利”；C選項(xiàng)call“稱呼；召集；稱為”；D選項(xiàng)declare“忽視；不理睬”。結(jié)合上下文語義，可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

21.【試題解析】考查語法。With引導(dǎo)伴隨狀語，后面的系動(dòng)詞be要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

22.【試題解析】考查詞義。A選項(xiàng)intention“意圖；目的；意向；愈合”；B選項(xiàng)function“功能；職責(zé)”；C選項(xiàng)routine“程序；日常工作；例行公事”；D選項(xiàng)occasion“時(shí)機(jī)；場合”。結(jié)合上下文可知B選項(xiàng)正確，意為“為同樣的功能服務(wù)”。

23.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。此處后文“thatis,itsharesagreatdealwithallothernovelsandshortstories.”中文翻譯為：也就是說，它與其他小說和短篇故事有很多相同之處。結(jié)合上下文，可知C選項(xiàng)正確。

24.【試題解析】考查語法。此處為被動(dòng)語態(tài)，can為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后面所接動(dòng)詞用原型。故選B。

25.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。由上下文可知此處應(yīng)該表示“無論”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

26.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。由上下文可知此處應(yīng)該表示“如同”，故D選項(xiàng)正確。

27.【試題解析】考查詞義。下文“man’snatureandexperienceinrelationtotheworldaroundhim.”中文翻譯為：人類的本性和人類與自己周圍世界相關(guān)的經(jīng)歷。A選項(xiàng)interpret“解釋；說明；闡明”；B選項(xiàng)translate“翻譯；轉(zhuǎn)化”；C選項(xiàng)exchange“交換；交易；兌換”；D選項(xiàng)represent“代表；表現(xiàn)”。根據(jù)語境及句意，可知A選項(xiàng)正確。

28.【試題解析】考查詞義。A選項(xiàng)recognize“認(rèn)出，識(shí)別；承認(rèn)”；B選項(xiàng)present“提出；介紹；呈現(xiàn)；贈(zèng)送”；C選項(xiàng)depict“描述；描畫”；D選項(xiàng)express“表達(dá)；快遞”。聯(lián)系上下文可知此處表達(dá)的為“呈現(xiàn)”，故B選項(xiàng)正確。

29.【試題解析】考查詞義。A選項(xiàng)conflict“沖突，矛盾；斗爭；爭執(zhí)”；B選項(xiàng)cooperation“合作，協(xié)作”；C選項(xiàng)collection“采集，聚集；［稅收］征收；收藏品；募捐”；D選項(xiàng)combination“結(jié)合；組合；聯(lián)合”。聯(lián)系下文“ofnarrator,story,plot,character,setting,andlanguage.”中文翻譯為：敘述者、故事、情節(jié)、人物、場景和語言的……判斷出D選項(xiàng)正確。

30.【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)上文可知此處應(yīng)填寫系動(dòng)詞，故C選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

QwestboaststhatitsdigitalinfrastructurecantransmittheentireLibraryofCongressacrossAmericain20seconds.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.superstructure

B.instrument

C.facilities

D.foundation

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.superstructure上層建筑B.instrument儀器；器具

C.facilities設(shè)施；工具D.foundation地基；基礎(chǔ)

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】infrastructure本意是“基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施”，由后半句句意“可以在20秒內(nèi)將整個(gè)美國國會(huì)圖書館的信息傳送到全國各地”可知，能夠傳送信息，那么句中digitalinfrastructure應(yīng)該指“數(shù)字設(shè)備”的意思，facility指可供使用的設(shè)備或設(shè)施，C項(xiàng)詞義與之相近，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、D項(xiàng)不符合劃線單詞詞義；

B項(xiàng)instrument通常指能使人們完成某一精確動(dòng)作或測量的一種小型儀器，尤指電工儀表、測量裝置，航?；蚝娇沼玫目刂蒲b置。

【句意】奎斯特通訊公司自夸其數(shù)字基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施可以在20秒內(nèi)將整個(gè)美國國會(huì)圖書館的信息傳送到全國各地。

10.單選題

Thegrowthstrategyisacorporate-levelstrategythatseekstoincreasetheleveloftheorganization’soperations.Thisincludesincreasingsuchpopularquantitativemeasuresassalesrevenues,numberofemployees,andmarketshare.Growthcanbeachievedthroughdirectexpansion,verticalintegration,horizontalintegration,ordiversification.

Growththroughdirectexpansionisachievedbyinternallyincreasingafirm’ssales,productioncapacity,orworkforce.Nootherfirmsareacquiredormergedwith;instead,thecompanychoosestogrowbyitselfthroughitsownbusinessoperations.Forinstance,McDonald’shaspursuedagrowthstrategybywayofdirectexpansion.Thecompanyhasgrownbyawardingfranchises(經(jīng)營許可)topeoplewhoarewillingtobetrainedintheMcDonald’swayandbyopeningcompany-ownedoutlets.

Acompanymightalsochoosetogrowbyverticalintegration,whichisanattempttogaincontrolofinput(backwardverticalintegration),output(forwardverticalintegration)orboth.Inbackwardverticalintegration,theorganizationattemptstoagaincontrolofitsinputsbybecomingitsownsupplier.Forinstance,UnitedAirlineshadcreateditsownin-flightfoodservicebusiness.Inforwardverticalintegration,theorganizationgainscontrolofitsoutputs(productsorservices)bybecomingitsowndistributor.Forexample,GatewayComputer’sretailstoresareanexampleoranorganizationcontrollingitsdistribution.

Inhorizontalintegration,acompanygrowsbycombiningwithotherorganizationsinthesameindustry—thatis,combiningoperationswithcompetitors.Forinstance,H,J,Heinz,Inc.,thefood-processingcompany,combinedoperationswithanorganicbabyfoodcompany,Earth’sBest,tohelpitsownHeinzbabyfoodsdivisionbecomemorecompetitive.Becausecombiningwithcompetitorsmightdecreasetheamountofcompetitioninanindustry,theU.S.FederalTradeCommissionassessestheimpactofsuchproposedgrowthactionandmustapproveanyproposedhorizontalintegrationstrategy.Othercountrieshavesimilarrestrictions.

Finally,anorganizationcangrowthroughdiversification,eitherrelatedorunrelated.Relateddiversificationiswhenacompanygrowsbymergingwithoracquiringfirmsindifferentbutrelatedindustries.Forexample,AmericanStandardCos.isinavarietyofbusinessesincludingbathroomfixtures,air-conditioningandheatingunits,plumbingparts,andbrakesfortrucks.Unrelateddiversificationiswhenacompanygrowsbymergingwithoracquiringfirmsindifferentandunrelatedindustries.Forexample,LancasterColonyCorporationmakessaladdressing,carmatsandcandles.Theseindustriesaredifferentandunrelated.

1.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

2.Whatis“directexpansion”？

3.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueof“verticalintegration”?

4.Ifacompanyadoptsthemethodof“horizontalintegration”,itattemptsto（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingphrasesisclosestinmeaningtotheword“diversification”？

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.HowMcDonald’shasbecomesuccessful.

B.Howcompanieshavebecomesuccessful.

C.Howcompaniescandeveloptheirbusinesses.

D.Howcompaniescompetewitheachother.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Acompanydevelopsitsownbusinessintoabiggerscale.

B.Acompanyacquiresanothercompany.

C.Acompanymergeswithanothercompany.

D.Acompanygrowswithoutincreasingitsworkforce.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Acompanyattemptstosupplyitsowninputs.

B.Acompanyattemptstosellitsownproducts.

C.Acompanyattemptstoprovideservice.

D.Acompanyattemptstoenteranotherindustry.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.acquireaverydifferentcompany

B.acquireasimilarcompany

C.acquireasalescompany

D.acquireadistributioncompany

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.mergingwithoracquiringfirms

B.eitherrelatedorunrelated

C.avarietyofbusinesses

D.acompanygrows

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Thegrowthstrategyisacorporate-levelstrategythatseekstoincreasetheleveloftheorganization’soperations…Growthcanbeachievedthroughdirectexpansion,verticalintegration,horizontalintegration,ordiversification.”，可知本篇文章主要討論的問題是公司的增長策略，增長可以通過直接擴(kuò)張、縱向一體化、橫向一體化或多樣化來實(shí)現(xiàn)。下文直接對(duì)公司的增長策略進(jìn)行了展開說明和解釋。可判斷出本篇文章主要是關(guān)于公司怎么發(fā)展他們的業(yè)務(wù)，得到增長的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Growththroughdirectexpansionisachievedbyinternallyincreasingafirm’ssales,productioncapacity,orworkforce.”，可知通過直接擴(kuò)張實(shí)現(xiàn)的增長是通過內(nèi)部增加公司的銷售、生產(chǎn)能力或勞動(dòng)力來實(shí)現(xiàn)的?？膳袛喑鰀irectexpansion意思是一個(gè)公司把自己的業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展到更大的規(guī)模。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“theorganizationattemptstoagaincontrolofitsinputsbybecomingitsownsupplier.”，可知公司在垂直整合中試圖通過成為自己的供應(yīng)商來再次控制其投入。選項(xiàng)A正確，可排除。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Inforwardverticalintegration,theorganizationgainscontrolofitsoutputs(productsorservices)bybecomingitsowndistributor.”，可知在垂直整合中，公司通過成為自己的分銷商來獲得對(duì)其輸出（產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)）的控制?？膳袛喑龉驹诖怪闭现屑饶軌蛟噲D自己銷售產(chǎn)品，也能自己提供服務(wù)。選項(xiàng)B和C正確，可排除。綜上所述，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Inhorizontalintegration,acompanygrowsbycombiningwithotherorganizationsinthesameindustry—thatis,combiningoperationswithcompetitors.”，可知在橫向整合中，公司通過與同行業(yè)的其他組織（即與競爭對(duì)手的業(yè)務(wù)組合）相互合并來增長?？膳袛喑鋈绻粋€(gè)公司采用了“橫向整合”的方法，它會(huì)嘗試收購一家同行業(yè)的類似的公司。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Relateddiversificationiswhenacompanygrowsbymergingwithoracquiringfirmsindifferentbutrelatedindustries….Unrelateddiversificationiswhenacompanygrowsbymergingwithoracquiringfirmsindifferentandunrelatedindustries.”，可知相關(guān)多元化是指一個(gè)公司通過與其他相關(guān)行業(yè)的公司合并或收購，來實(shí)現(xiàn)增長。不相關(guān)多元化是指一個(gè)公司通過與其他不同的不相關(guān)行業(yè)的公司合并或收購，來實(shí)現(xiàn)增長?？膳袛喑鰀iversification多元化的意思最接近于拓展更多的行業(yè)，開展更多不同的業(yè)務(wù)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

11.翻譯題

46.當(dāng)有人對(duì)我說，他們喜愛動(dòng)物是因?yàn)閯?dòng)物有感情，然后又虐待動(dòng)物，我就對(duì)他們說，幸虧他們不喜歡我。(4points)

47.貧困國家轉(zhuǎn)變富裕國家靠的是投資開發(fā)自然資源，并借助教育和技術(shù)的轉(zhuǎn)移項(xiàng)目提高人力資源和技術(shù)資源。(5points)

48.有一些人，他們之所以關(guān)心經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，或是因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)是發(fā)展中國家人民需要實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)，或是因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為只有經(jīng)濟(jì)增長率達(dá)到令人滿意的程度才能保證政治穩(wěn)定。(5points)

49.失去理想是人們可能會(huì)犯的一個(gè)重大錯(cuò)誤，這就是為什么我們應(yīng)該奮力向前并且相信我們自己，無論選定的目標(biāo)看起來多么遙不可及，我們都應(yīng)爭取實(shí)現(xiàn)。(6points)

【答案】46.Whenpeopletellmethattheyloveanimalsbecauseanimalshavefeelings,buttorturethem,Itellthemit’sagoodthingtheydon’tlikeme.

47.Thetransitionfrompoortorichcountriesisachievedbyinvestmentinthedevelopmentofnaturalresourcesandthepromotionhumanandtechnologicalresourcesthrougheducationandtechnologytra