考研考博-英語-寧夏醫(yī)科大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-寧夏醫(yī)科大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thismovieisnot______forchildrentosee:itcontainstoomuchviolenceandtoomanylovescenes.

問題1選項

A.profound

B.valid

C.decent

D.upright

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項profound“深厚的；意義深遠的；淵博的”；B選項valid“有效的；有根據(jù)的；合法的；正當?shù)摹?；C選項decent“正派的；得體的；相當好的”；D選項upright“正直的，誠實的；垂直的，直立的；筆直的”。句意：這部電影不適合孩子們看：它包含太多的暴力和愛情場景。因此C選項正確。

2.單選題

Unlikephilosopherswhoconstructedtheoreticallyidealstates,shebuiltatheorybasedon（

）;thus,althoughherconstructsmayhavebeeninelegant,theywere（

）sound.

問題1選項

A.ellectually

B.surmise...scientifically

C.experience...empirically

D.conjecture...factually

【答案】C

【解析】名詞和副詞詞義辨析。A選項的intuition“直覺”；intellectually“智力上，理智地”；B選項的surmise“猜測，猜想”；scientifically“合乎科學地，系統(tǒng)地”；C選項的experience“經(jīng)驗，閱歷”；empirically“以經(jīng)驗為主地”；D選項的conjecture“推測，猜想，揣摩”；factually“事實地，確實地”。根據(jù)句意‘與那些構(gòu)建理論上完美理想狀態(tài)的哲學家不同，她以經(jīng)驗為依據(jù)建立其理論，因此，盡管她的概念可能比較粗糙，但它們從經(jīng)驗主義的角度看卻是切實可行的’確定C選項正確。

3.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingshortparagraphintoEnglishandwriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

紅包，字面意思是“紅色的小袋”，是中國新年的重要元素。里面的現(xiàn)金被認為是來年的壓歲錢。紅包一般是長輩送給晚輩的，尤其是孩子，但如果你收入不錯，每年這個時候給父母、爺爺奶奶分一些錢也是符合禮貌的。如果你結(jié)婚了，你就得給紅包；如果你是單身，你通常會收到紅包。如果被邀請到別人家過年，你知道他們有孩子，那最好在一個紅包里放點錢。如果你去北方游玩，紅包里的現(xiàn)金數(shù)額就選一個整數(shù)；在南方，挑個幸運數(shù)字（任何帶有6或8的數(shù)字）。

【答案】Hongbao,whichliterallymeans“alittleredenvelope”,isanimportantelementofChineseNewYear.Thecashinsideisconsideredasluckymoneyforthecomingyear.Itisusuallygivenbyelderstoyoungergenerations,especiallychildren,butifyouhaveaniceincome,it’spolitetogivesomemoneytoyourparentsandgrandparentsatthistimeofyear.Ifyouaremarried,youhavetogiveredenvelopes;ifyouaresingle,youusuallyreceiveone.Ifyouareinvitedtosomeone’shomeforChineseNewYearandyouknowtheyhavechildren,itisbesttoputsomecashinaredenvelope.Andifyouvisitthenorth,theamountofcashinitshouldbearoundnumber,andifyouvisittheSouth,choosealuckynumber(anynumberwitha6or8).

4.翻譯題

Intelligenceatbestisanassumptiveconstructthemeaningofthewordhasneverbeenclear.Thereismoreagreementonthekindsofbehaviorreferredtobythetermthanthereisonhowtointerpretorclassifythem.Butitisgenerallyagreedthatapersonofhighintelligenceisonewhocangraspideasreadily,makedistinctions,reasonlogically,andmakeuseofverbalandmathematicalsymbolsinsolvingproblems.Anintelligencetestisaroughmeasureofachild’scapacityforlearning,particularlyforlearningthekindsofthingsrequiredinschool.Itdoesnotmeasurecharacter,socialadjustment,physicalendurance,manualskills,orartisticabilities.Itisnotsupposedtoitwasnotdesignedforsuchpurposes.Tocriticizeitforsuchfailureisroughlycomparabletocriticizingathermometerfornotmeasuringwindvelocity.

【答案】智力充其量是一種假設(shè)的構(gòu)造——這個詞的意思從來就沒有明確過。人們達成共識比較多的是智力指那些行為，但是談到如何解釋和歸類智力時，人們的分歧就比較大。但是，人們一般認為，高智商的人能夠很容易地掌握思想、區(qū)分、邏輯推理，并在解決問題時使用語言和數(shù)學符號。智力測試是對孩子學習能力的粗略測量，尤其是對學習學校要求的東西。它不衡量性格、社會適應(yīng)、身體耐力、手工技能或藝術(shù)能力。它不應(yīng)該——它不是為這樣的目的而設(shè)計的。批評它的這種失敗，大致相當于批評溫度計沒有測量風速一樣。

5.單選題

Studentswith（）problemsmayapplyforstudentloans.

問題1選項

A.economic

B.financial

C.nabobery

D.economical

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項economic“經(jīng)濟上的”。B選項financial“財政的”。C選項nabobery“財主常去的地方”。D選項economical“節(jié)約的，合算的”。句意：有財務(wù)問題的學生可以申請學生貸款。因此B選項符合題意。

6.翻譯題

Forthoseplayingthegameofscience,themethodbywhichtheyascertainwhattheybelieveiscrucial.Theyhavetoevaluatedataandargumentsanddecideforthemselvesontheirvalidity.Scientistscommunicatingtoothershavethetaskofconvincingthehearersofthevalidityoftheirstatementsintermsofthedataandtheirexplanationsofthedata.Theyarenotplayingthegamecorrectlyiftheywinsupportbythestrengthoftheirpersonalityorprestige.Intheshortrunscientistsmayfollowanotheronthebasisofprestige,butthiscannotcontinueindefinitely.Itisuptothehearerstoevaluatewhatthescientistssayratherthanacceptitbecausetheysayit.Andtheculminationofthisenterpriseisthedeterminationofwhethertheexplanationsaccountforthedataobserved.Therelationshipbetweenscientificexplanationsanddatahelpstoensuretheintegrityofscientists.Iftheirfindingsareimportant,theycanbesurethattheirtheoriesanddatawillbeexaminedcriticallyandnewevidencewillbeattained.

Itisthesystemofdata-basedexplanationthatdistinguishessciencefromdogma.Scientistshaveboththerightandtheresponsibilitytodecideforthemselves,onthebasisofevidenceathand,thebestexplanationofasetofphenomena.Ontheotherhand,dogma(religious,economic,politicalorsocial)dependsonpronouncementsbyestablishedauthorities.

【答案】對于從事科學研究的那些人來說，確認他們所相信的東西而所使用的方法是至關(guān)重要的。他們不得不評估數(shù)據(jù)和論據(jù)，并自己確定它們的正確性。與他人進行交流的科學家們有必要依據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)和他們對數(shù)據(jù)的解釋，去讓聽者相信他們的陳述的正確性。如果他們通過自己的品格或威望而獲得支持，那么他們就不是在正確地從事科學。從短期來看，盡管科學家們可能基于威望而追隨另外一個人，但是這種追隨不能無限期地延續(xù)。聽者應(yīng)該去評估科學家所說的，而不是因為是他們所說的就相信?？茖W這項事業(yè)的頂峰是確定解釋是否能說明所觀察到的數(shù)據(jù)?？茖W解釋與數(shù)據(jù)之間的關(guān)系幫助確?？茖W家們的誠實。如果他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)是重要的，他們可以確信他們的理論和數(shù)據(jù)將被批判性地檢驗，并獲得新的證據(jù)。

正是基于數(shù)據(jù)的解釋體系將科學與教條區(qū)分開來。根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的證據(jù)，科學家有權(quán)利也有責任為自己決定對一系列現(xiàn)象的最佳解釋。另一方面，教條（宗教、經(jīng)濟、政治或社會）依賴于已確立的權(quán)威所做的聲明。

7.單選題

Sincethefirstbrainscannerwasconstructedseveralyearsago,computedtomographyorcomputedmedicalimagery,hasbecomefairlywidelyused,itsrapidacceptanceisduetothefactthatithasovercomeseveralofthedrawbacksofconventionalX-raytechnology.

Tobeginwith,conventionaltwo-dimensionalX-raypicturescannotshowalloftheinformationcontainedinathree-dimensionobject.Thingsatdifferentdepthsaresuperimposed,causingconfusiontotheviewer.Thecomputerisabletoreconstructpicturesofthebody'sinteriorbymeasuringthevaryingintensitiesofX-raybeamspassingthroughsectionsofthebodyfromhundredsofdifferentangles.Suchpicturesarebasedonseriesofthin"slices",

Inaddition,conventionalX-raygenerallydifferentiatesonlybetweenboneandair,asinthechestandlungs.Theycannotdistinguishsofttissuesorvariationsintissues.Theliverandpancreasarenotdiscernibleatall,andcertainotherorgansmayonlyberenderedvisiblethroughtheuseofradiopaquedye.Sincecomputedtomographyismuchmoresensitive,thesofttissuesofthekidneysorthelivercanbeseenandclearlydifferentiated.ThistechniquecanalsoaccuratelymeasuredifferentdegreesofX-rayabsorption,facilitatingthestudyofthenatureoftissue.

AthirdproblemwithconventionalX-raymethodsistheirinabilitytomeasurequantitativelytheseparatedensitiesoftheindividualsubstancesthroughwhichtheX-rayhaspassed.Onlythemeanabsorptionofallthetissuesisrecorded.Thisisnotaproblemwithcomputedtomography.Itcanaccuratelylocateatumorandsubsequentlymonitortheprogressofradiationtreatment,sothatinadditiontoitsdiagnosticcapabilities,itcanplayasignificantroleintherapy.

1.ConventionalX-raysmainlyshowthedifferencebetween（

）.

2.Whatkindofviewismadepossiblebycontiguouscrosssectionsofthebody?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat，comparedtoconventionalX-raytechniques,computedtomographyismore

（

）.

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthisnewtechnique?

5.Accordingtothepassage,computedtomographycanbeusedforallofthefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項

A.boneandair

B.liverandpancreas

C.muscleandotherbodytissues

D.heartandlungs

問題2選項

A.Two-dimensional

B.Three-dimensional

C.Animated

D.Intensified

問題3選項

A.compact

B.rapid

C.economical

D.informative

問題4選項

A.Cautious

B.Tolerant

C.Enthusiastic

D.Critical

問題5選項

A.monitoringapatient'sdisease

B.diagnosingdisorders

C.locatingtumors

D.reconstructingdamagedtissues

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。第三段指出:Inaddition，conventionalX-raygenerallydifferentiatesonlybetweenboneandair,asinthechestandlungs(另外，傳統(tǒng)X光射線通常只能在骨頭和空隙之間做出區(qū)分，比如胸腔和肺),由此可知A項“骨頭和空隙”。

2.判斷推理題。題干問的是:身體相鄰交叉部位可能成什么樣的像？第二段指出:Tobeginwith,conventionaltwo-dimensionalX-raypicturescannotshowalloftheinformationcontainedinathree-dimensionobject.Thingsatdifferentdepthsaresuperimposed,causingconfusiontotheviewer(首先，傳統(tǒng)的二維X光射線成像不能顯示包含在三維物體里的所有信息。因為不同層面不同深度的影響是疊加的，這會使觀察者困惑),因此B項“三維的”正確。

3.判斷推理題。題干問的是:和傳統(tǒng)X光射線相比,計算機斷層掃描更加…。第二段指出:Tobeginwith,conventionaltwo-dimensionalX-raypicturescannotshowalloftheinformationcontainedinathree-dimensionobject.Thingsatdifferentdepthsaresuperimposed,causingconfusiontotheviewer(首先，傳統(tǒng)的二維X光射線成像不能顯示包含在三維物體里的所有信息。因為不同層面不同深度的影響是疊加的，這會使觀察者困惑),Thecomputerisabletoreconstructpicturesofthebody'sinteriorbymeasuringthevaryingintensitiesofX-raybeamspassingthroughsectionsofthebodyfromhundredsofdifferentangles(計算機斷層掃描可以通過測量從數(shù)百個不同角度穿過身體截面的X線的強度變化來重新構(gòu)建身體內(nèi)部的圖像)。由此可知D項“能提供更多信息”正確。

4.觀點態(tài)度題。文章通篇在講計算機斷層掃描相比傳統(tǒng)X光射線的優(yōu)點。最后一句話指出:Itcanaccuratelylocateatumorandsubsequentlymonitortheprogressofradiationtreatment,sothatinadditiontoitsdiagnosticcapabilities,itcanplayasignificantroleintherapy(它（即計算機斷層掃描）可以精確定位腫瘤位置來監(jiān)控放射治療的進程，所以，除有診斷能力外，它在治療中能起到重要作用)。由此可知作者對于斷層掃描的態(tài)度是肯定的。故選C。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞computedtomography定位至最后一段:Itcanaccuratelylocateatumorandsubsequentlymonitortheprogressofradiationtreatment,sothatinadditiontoitsdiagnosticcapabilities,itcanplayasignificantroleintherapy(它（即計算機斷層掃描）可以精確定位腫瘤位置來監(jiān)控放射治療的進程，所以，除有診斷能力外，它在治療中能起到重要作用)。因此A項“監(jiān)控患者的疾病”,B項“診斷疾病”和C項“定位腫瘤位置”都正確。故選D。

8.單選題

SinceWorldWarIIconsiderableadvanceshavebeenmadeintheareaofhealth-careservices.Theseincludebetteraccesstohealthcare(particularlyforthepoorandminorities),improvementsinphysicalplants,andincreasednumbersofphysiciansandotherhealthpersonnel.Allhaveplayedapartintherecentimprovementinlifeexpectancy.Butthereismountingcriticismofthelargeremaininggapsinaccess,unbridledcostinflation,thefurtherfragmentationofservice,excessiveindulgenceinwastefulhigh-technology“gadgeteering,”andabreakdownindoctor-patientrelationships.Inrecentyearsproposedpanaceasandnewprograms,smallandlarge,haveproliferatedatafeverishpaceanddisappointmentsmultiplyatalmostthesamerate.Thishasledtoanincreasedpessimism—“everythinghasbeentriedandnothingworks”—whichsometimesbordersoncynicismorevennihilism.

Itistruethattheautomatic“passthrough”ofrapidlyspiralingcoststogovernmentandinsurancecarriers,whichwassetinapublicizedenvironmentof“therichestnationintheworld,”producedforatimeasenseofunlimitedresourcesandallowedtodevelopamoodwherebyeverypractitionerandinstitutioncould“dohisownthing”withoutundueconcernforthe“MedicalCommons.”Thepracticeoffull-costreimbursementencouragedcapitalinvestmentandnowtheindustryisovercapitalized.Manycitieshavehundredsofexcesshospitalbeds;hospitalshaveproliferatedasuperabundanceofhigh-technologyequipment;andstructuralostentationandluxuryweretheorderoftheday.Inanygivenday,one-fourthofallcommunitybedsarevacant;expensiveequipmentisunderusedor,worse,usedunnecessarily.Capitalinvestmentbringsrapidlyrisingoperatingcosts.

Yet,inpart,thispessimismderivesfromexpectingtoomuchofhealthcare.Itmustberealizedthatcareis,formostpeople,apainfulexperience,oftenaccompaniedbyfearandunwelcomeresults.Althoughthereisvastroomforimprovement,healthcarewillalwaysretainsomeunpleasantnessandfrustration.Moreover,thecapacitiesofmedicalsciencearelimited.HumptyDumptycannotalwaysbeputbacktogetheragain.Toomanyphysiciansarereluctanttoadmittheirlimitationstopatients;toomanypatientsandfamiliesareunwillingtoacceptsuchrealities.Norisittruethateverythinghasbeentriedandnothingworks,asshownbytheprepaidgrouppracticeplansoftheKaiserFoundationandatPugetSound.Inthemain,however,suchundertakingshavebeendrownedbyaveritablefloodofpublicandprivatemoneyswhichhavesupportedandencouragedthecontinuationofconventionalpracticesandsubsidizedtheirshortcomingsonamassive,almostunrestrictedscale.Exceptforthemostidealisticanddedicated,therewerenoincentivestoseekchangeortopracticeself-restraintorfrugality.Inthisatmosphere,itisnotfairtocondemnasfailuresallattemptedexperiments;itmaybemoreaccuratetosaymanyneverhadafairtrial.

1.TheauthorimpliesthattheKaiserFoundationandPugetSoundplans(lines47-48)differedfromotherplansby（

）.

2.Theauthormentionsallofthefollowingasconsequencesoffull-costreimbursementEXCEPT（

）.

3.Thetoneofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas（

）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,the“pessimism”mentionedatline35ispartlyattributabletothefactthat（

）.

5.Theauthorcitestheprepaidplansinlines46-48as（

）.

6.Itcanbeinferredthatthesentence“HumptyDumptycannotalwaysbeputbacktogetheragain”meansthat（

）.

7.Withwhichofthefollowingdescriptionsofthesystemforthedeliveryofhealth-careserviceswouldtheauthormostlikelyagree?

8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthelogicalstructureoftheselection?

9.Theauthor’sprimaryconcernisto（

）.

問題1選項

A.encouragingcapitalinvestment

B.requiringphysicianstotreatthepoor

C.providingincentivesforcostcontrol

D.employingonlydedicatedandidealisticdoctors

E.relyingprimarilyonpublicfunding

問題2選項

A.risingoperatingcosts

B.underusedhospitalfacilities

C.overcapitalization

D.overrelianceonexpensiveequipment

E.lackofservicesforminorities

問題3選項

A.light-heartedandamused

B.objectivebutconcerned

C.detachedandunconcerned

D.cautiousbutsincere

E.enthusiasticandenlightened

問題4選項

A.therehasbeenlittlerealimprovementinhealth-careservices

B.expectationsabouthealth-careservicesaresometimesunrealistic

C.largesegmentsofthepopulationfinditimpossibletogetaccesstohealth-careservices

D.advancesintechnologyhavemadehealthcareserviceunaffordable

E.doctorsarenowlessconcernedwithpatientcare

問題5選項

A.counterexamplestotheclaimthatnothinghasworked

B.examplesofhealth-careplansthatwereover-funded

C.evidencethathealth-careservicesarefragmented

D.proofofthetheorythatnoplanhasbeensuccessful

E.experimentsthatyieldeddisappointingresults

問題6選項

A.thecostofhealth-careserviceswillnotdecline

B.somepeopleshouldnotbecomedoctors

C.medicalcareisnotreallyessentialtogoodhealth

D.illnessisoftenunpleasantandevenpainful

E.medicalsciencecannotcureeveryill

問題7選項

A.Itisbiasedinfavorofdoctorsandagainstpatients.

B.Itishighlyfragmentedandcompletelyineffective

C.Ithasnotembracednewtechnologyrapidlyenough

D.Itisgenerallyeffectivebutcanbeimproved

E.Itdiscouragespeoplefromseekingmedicalcare

問題8選項

A.Thethirdparagraphisintendedasarefutationofthefirstandsecondparagraphs.

B.Thesecondandthirdparagraphsexplainandputintoperspectivethepointsmadeinthefirstparagraph.

C.Thesecondandthirdparagraphsexplainandputintoperspectivethepointsmadeinthefirstparagraph.

D.Thefirstparagraphdescribesaproblem,andthesecondandthirdparagraphspresenttwohornsofadilemma.

E.Thefirstparagraphdescribesaproblem,theseconditscauses,andthethirdapossiblesolution.

問題9選項

A.criticizephysiciansandhealth-careadministratorsforinvestingintechno?logicallyadvancedequipment

B.examinesomeproblemsaffectingdeliveryofhealth-careservicesandassesstheirseverity

C.defendthemedicalcommunityfromchargesthathealth-carehasnotimprovedsinceWorldWarII

D.analyzethereasonsforthehealth-careindustry’sinabilitytoprovidequalitycaretoallsegmentsofthepopulation

E.describethepeculiareconomicfeaturesofthehealth-careindustrythatarethecausesofspiralingmedicalcosts

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:E

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:E

第7題:D

第8題:C

第9題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞theKaiserFoundationandPugetSound，將信息點定位為文章第三段。根據(jù)“Norisittruethateverythinghasbeentriedandnothingworks,asshownbytheprepaidgrouppracticeplansoftheKaiserFoundationandatPugetSound.（凱澤基金會（KaiserFoundation）和普吉特灣（PugetSound）的預(yù)付團體實踐計劃（grouppracticeplans）表明，并非所有的嘗試都是徒勞的。）”“Exceptforthemostidealisticanddedicated,therewerenoincentivestoseekchangeortopracticeself-restraintorfrugality.（除了那些最理想主義、最執(zhí)著的人，他們沒有尋求改變的動力，也沒有自我約束或節(jié)儉的動力。）”從而得出本題答案。

2.

細節(jié)信息題。信息點定位到原文第一、二段。選項E與原文第二句所給信息不符，“Theseincludebetteraccesstohealthcare（particularlyforthepoorandminorities）,improvementsinphysicalplants,andincreasednumbersofphysiciansandotherhealthpersonnel.（這些措施包括更好地獲得衛(wèi)生保?。ㄌ貏e是對窮人和少數(shù)民族），改善物理植物，增加醫(yī)生和其他衛(wèi)生人員的數(shù)量。）”從而得出本題答案。

3.

觀點態(tài)度題。通讀全文，可以感受到作者行文態(tài)度十分客觀，運用客觀事實表達自己的觀點，且對出現(xiàn)的問題十分在意。從而得出本題答案。

4.

細節(jié)信息題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞pessimism，將信息點定位到原文第三段第一句?！癥et,inpart,thispessimismderivesfromexpectingtoomuchofhealthcare.（然而，這種悲觀情緒在一定程度上源于對醫(yī)療保健的過高期望。）”從而得出本題答案。

5.

細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞prepaidplans，將信息點定位到第三段第七句?！癗orisittruethateverythinghasbeentriedandnothingworks,asshownbytheprepaidgrouppracticeplansoftheKaiserFoundationandatPugetSound.（澤基金會（KaiserFoundation）和普吉特灣（PugetSound）的預(yù)付團體實踐計劃（grouppracticeplans）表明，并非所有的嘗試都是徒勞的。）”根據(jù)句子前半句可得出本題答案。

6.

細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)原題信息“HumptyDumptycannotalwaysbeputbacktogetheragain”，可將信息點定位到原文第三段第五句。根據(jù)第三段第四句“Moreover,thecapacitiesofmedicalsciencearelimited.（此外，醫(yī)學的能力是有限的。）”即可得出本題答案。

7.

主旨態(tài)度題。根據(jù)原文“SinceWorldWarIIconsiderableadvanceshavebeenmadeintheareaofhealth-careservices（自第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以來，保健服務(wù)領(lǐng)域取得了相當大的進展）”“Moreover,thecapacitiesofmedicalsciencearelimited.（此外，醫(yī)學的能力是有限的。）”等信息點的描述，即可得出本題答案。

8.

篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文，即可發(fā)現(xiàn)，文章首段提出問題，引出話題，緊接著第二段、第三段解釋并表達了對這一問題的看法。

9.

主旨大意題。通讀全文，即可得出作者觀點，作者檢查了一些影響醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)分配的問題并對其嚴重性進行了評估。從而得出本題答案。

9.單選題

Between1897and1919,atleast29motionpicturesinwhichartificialbeingswereportrayed______.

問題1選項

A.hasproduced

B.havebeenproduced

C.wouldhaveproduced

D.hadbeenproduced

【答案】D

【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：1897年至1919年間，至少29部出現(xiàn)人造生命的電影被制作出來。根據(jù)主語motionpictures和謂語動詞produce的關(guān)系確定用被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)事件發(fā)生在過去以及wereportrayed確定用過去完成時，D選項hadbeenproduced符合題意。因此D選項正確。

10.填空題

A:Ihaveaballetticketforthisevening.

B:（1）

dowe!Why（2）weallgotogether?

A:That’sagood（3）.Thatwaywecansharea（4）andsaveabitofmoney.

B:When（5）wemeet?

A:Let’ssayat6:30in（6）ofBuilding5.

B:Fine.I’llseeyouthereat6:30.

【答案】1.so

2.don’t

3.idea

4.taxi

4.shall

6.front

【解析】1.語法題?？疾榈寡b。這里表示“我們也有”。

2.語法題?？疾榉穸ㄒ蓡枴＿@里是否定疑問句表示肯定。

3.固定搭配。Agoodidea好主意。

4.語義題。由后面的saveabitofmoney推測這里表示“我們可以一起打的”。

5.語義題。句意:我們什么時候見面？

6.固定搭配。infrontof在…前面。

11.單選題

TomLandryisoneofthemostsuccessfulfootballcoachesinNationalFootballLeaguehistoryandhewasknownforhis（

）mannerandfiercecompetitiveness.

問題1選項

A.unruffled

B.brutal

C.suspicious

D.tender

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。Unruffled意為“平靜的，鎮(zhèn)定的，沉著的”；brutal意為“野蠻的”；suspicious意為“可疑的，不信任的”；tender意為“和善的，溫柔的”。

句意：湯姆?蘭德里是國際足球聯(lián)盟歷史上最成功的足球教練之一，他以沉著冷靜和激烈競爭而聞名。

12.單選題

Ioftenspeakofourdistrict’sperformancedatawithsadness.Thesituationforourcity’schildrenisterrible.YetwhileIacknowledgetheseriousnessoftheworkweface,Iwanttobeclearaboutsomething:Idonotblameteachersforthelowachievementlevels.

Ihavetalkedwithtoomanyteacherstobelievethisistheirfault.Ihavewatchedthempourtheirenergyintoengagingeverystudent.Iknowtheyareworkingfuriouslyinasystemthatformanyyearshasnotappreciatedthem—sometimesnotevenpayingthemontimeorprovidingtextbooks.Thosewhocategoricallyblameteachersforthefailuresofoursystemaresimplywrong.

Rather,teachersarethesolutiontothevexingproblemsfacingurbaneducation.

Inthecomingweeks,wewillsubmitafinalproposalforanewteachercontract.Throughitandotherreforms,wecancreate,together,themosteffectiveeducatorforceinthecountry.Ourkeygoals:

Agrowthmodelofachievement.Manyteachersinheritclassesofstudentswhoarefarbehindacademically.Yetsometeachers,evenwithminimalsupport,movetheirstudentstwotothreegradelevelsaheadinayear.Teacherswillnotbeevaluatedonanabsolutemeasurebutonhowfartheytaketheirstudents.

Protectionfromarbitraryfirings.Someteachersareconcernedaprincipalmaywanttofirethemforreasonsunrelatedtoperformance.Whileprincipalswhodothisrisktheirownjobs(firingeffectiveteachersisasurewaytolowerschoolachievement),wewillensureprotectionsforteachers.Weneedafairandtransparentprocess,freefrombiasandhaste,designedwithteachers’input.

Professionaldevelopmentandsupport.Teachershavetoldmethatmanyoftheirhesitationsaboutthecontractcenteronthepressuresthatteachersface:“Whatifmyschooldoesnotsupportme?WhatifIamworkingmytailoffandIstillhaveweekswhenmypatienceisthinandthingsbeyondmycontrolarecausingproblems?”

Ourproposalwillprovideaframeworktonavigatethesequestionswithstrongprogramstosupportanddevelopteachersasprofessionals.Neitherwillweforgetthesmallthingsthatcanweighdowngreatteachers.Forexample,wewanttoreimbursethosewhobuysuppliesfortheirclassroomsorusetheircellphonestocallstudentsandfamilies.Wewanttocompensateteacherswhentheycoverclassesforothers.Iwasateacher.Iknowhowthesethingsaddup.

21.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?

22.Theauthor’sattitudetowardthepresenteducationalsystemis______.

23.By“agrowthmodelofachievement”,theauthorprobablymeansthat______.

24.Underwhichconditioncanaprincipalfireateacher?

25.Theproposaltobesubmittedbytheauthorandhiscolleagueswillbefocusedon______.

問題1選項

A.Teachersareresponsibleforthestudents’lowachievements.

B.Thecity’seducationalsystemhasroomforimprovement.

C.Childrennowadaysarebecomingmoreandmorenaughty.

D.Cityauthoritieshaveblamedteachersinawrongway.

問題2選項

A.appreciative

B.indifferent

C.ironic

D.critical

問題3選項

A.principals’supportshouldbetakenintoconsideration

B.students’achievementsshouldbeanabsolutemeasure

C.teachersshouldbeevaluatedbytheirstudents’progress

D.theextensivenessofteachers’knowledgeisimportant

問題4選項

A.Ifhe/sheperformspoorly.

B.Ifhis/herstudentshavebadachievements.

C.Ifthereisanamplesupplyofteachers.

D.Ifhe/sheriskshis/herownjob.

問題5選項

A.teachers

B.students

C.payments

D.supports

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】21.【選項釋義】

21.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?21.根據(jù)文章，下列哪個陳述是正確的？

A.Teachersareresponsibleforthestudents’lowachievements.A.學生成績不好，老師有責任。

B.Thecity’seducationalsystemhasroomforimprovement.B.這個城市的教育系統(tǒng)有改進的空間。

C.Childrennowadaysarebecomingmoreandmorenaughty.C.現(xiàn)在的孩子越來越調(diào)皮了。

D.Cityauthoritieshaveblamedteachersinawrongway.D.市政當局以錯誤的方式指責教師。

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段最后一句“那些把教育系統(tǒng)的失敗歸咎于教師的人是完全錯誤的”，以及第三段“相反，教師是城市教育面臨的棘手問題的解決方案”，從中可知，城市教育急需要解決現(xiàn)有問題，故推測城市教育系統(tǒng)還需要改進。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項可以定位到原文第一段第三句“……但我想澄清一點：我并不因為成績低而責怪教師（Idonotblameteachersforthelowachievementlevels）”以及第二段第一句“我和太多的老師談過，都不相信這是他們的錯”可知A選項和原文相悖，屬于反向干擾；

C選項沒有提到，屬于無中生有；

D選項在文中只是提到有人錯誤地把教育系統(tǒng)的失敗歸咎于教師，但并沒有說這就是市政當局，屬于曲解原文。

22.【選項釋義】

22.Theauthor’sattitudetowardthepresenteducationalsystemis______.22.作者對現(xiàn)行教育制度的態(tài)度是______。

A.appreciativeA.贊賞的

B.indifferentB.冷漠的

C.ironicC.諷刺的

D.criticalD.批判的

【考查點】觀點態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)一段第二句“我們城市的孩子們的情況很糟糕（terrible）”，以及第二段倒數(shù)第二句“我知道，他們在一個多年來不欣賞他們的體系中拼命工作，有時甚至不按時支付薪水或提供教科書”，從terrible和作者對教育體系的描述可知，作者對現(xiàn)行教育制度是批判的態(tài)度。因此，選擇D項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項與原文相反，屬于反向干擾；

B、C選項不符合原文，屬于曲解原文。

23.【選項釋義】

23.By“agrowthmodelofachievement”,theauthorprobablymeansthat______.23.作者所說的“成就增長模式”可能是指______。

A.principals’supportshouldbetakenintoconsiderationA.應(yīng)考慮校長的支持

B.students’achievementsshouldbeanabsolutemeasureB.學生的成績應(yīng)該是一個絕對的衡量標準

C.teachersshouldbeevaluatedbytheirstudents’progressC.教師應(yīng)該以學生的進步來評價

D.theextensivenessofteachers’knowledgeisimportantD.教師知識的廣博是重要的

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中的信息agrowthmodelofachievement定位至第五段：“許多老師所教的班級里的學生在學業(yè)上遠遠落后。然而，一些老師，即使是最基本的幫助，也能在一年內(nèi)讓他們的學生進步兩到三個年級水平。教師的評價將不會以絕對的標準來衡量，而是看他們對學生做了多少（howfartheytaketheirstudents）?！?，從中可知，該段講述的“成就增長模式”是指在衡量一個教師的成就時不應(yīng)該片面地通過學生的學業(yè)成績，而是要以教師為使學生進步所做的事情為判斷標準。C選項符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A、D選項在該段沒有提到，屬于無中生有；

B選項與原文相反，屬于反向干擾。

24.【選項釋義】

24.Underwhichconditioncanaprincipalfireateacher?24.校長在什么情況下會解雇一名教師？

A.Ifhe/sheperformspoorly.A.如果他/她表現(xiàn)不好。

B.Ifhis/herstudentshavebadachievements.B.如果他/她的學生成績不好。

C.Ifthereisanamplesupplyofteachers.C.如果有充足的教師供應(yīng)。

D.Ifhe/sheriskshis/herownjob.D.如果他/她拿自己的工作冒險。

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息fire定位至文章第六段，根據(jù)第二句“一些教師擔心，校長可能會以與他們的表現(xiàn)無關(guān)的理由解雇他們”，以及第三句“雖然校長們這樣做是在拿自己的工作冒險，解雇有效率的老師肯定會降低學校的成就，但我們會確保教師的保護”，從中可知，校長會以與教師表現(xiàn)無關(guān)的理由解雇他們，這是一種冒險；所以我們推斷校長解雇教師，是在拿自己的工作冒險的情況下發(fā)生的。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項與原文相反，屬于反向干擾；

B、C選項都是校長解雇教師的理由，但是不夠全面，屬于以偏概全。

25.【選項釋義】

25.Theproposaltobesubmittedbytheauthorandhiscolleagueswillbefocusedon______.25.作者和他的同事提交的提議將集中在______上。

A.teachersA.老師

B.studentsB.學生

C.paymentsC.支付方面

D.supportsD.支持方面

【考查點】事實細節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞proposal可以定位至文章最后一段，第一句提到“我們的建議將提供一個框架，通過強有力的項目來解決這些問題，以支持和發(fā)展教師成為專業(yè)人員”，可知，提議的目的就是支持和發(fā)展教師成為專業(yè)人員，所以將集中在老師方面。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D選項沒有提到，屬于無中生有。

13.單選題

Annusedto（）whenwewenttothesameschool.Butnowsheisalwaysontime.

問題1選項

A.beinglate

B.late

C.belate

D.gettinglate

【答案】C

【解析】考查非謂語。結(jié)合題干和選項可知本題考查非謂語，而usedto后面要加動詞原形表示“過去常常做某事”，因此A、B、D不符合語法規(guī)則。句意：我們在同一所學校時，安總是遲到。但是現(xiàn)在她總是很準時。

14.單選題

Imagineeatingeverythingdeliciousyouwantwithnoneofthefat.Thatwouldbegreat,wouldn'tit?

New“fakefat”productsappearedonstoreshelvesintheUnitedStatesrecently,butnoteveryoneishappyaboutit.Makersoftheproducts,whichcontainacompoundcalledolestra,sayfoodmanufacturerscannoweliminatefatfromcertainfoods,Critics,however,saythatthenewcompoundcanrobthebodyofessentialvitaminsandnutrientsandcanalsocauseunpleasantsideeffectsinsomepeople.Soitisuptoconsumerstodecidewhetherthenewfat-freeproductstastegoodenoughtokeepeating.

Chemistsdiscoveredolestrainthelate1960s,whentheyweresearchingforafatthatcouldbedigestedbyinfantsmoreeasily.Insteadoffindingthedesiredfat,theresearcherscreatedafatthatcan'tbe