考研考博-英語-安徽理工大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽理工大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.案例題

TheconclusionoftheUruguayRoundofmultilateraltradenegotiationsin1994，andtheestablishmentoftheWTOin1995toprovidetheinstitutionalsupporttothemultilateraltradeagreements,constitutedasignificantmilestoneintheevolutionofthemultilateraltradingsystem.Theprincipleof“singleundertaking，”boundallWTOmemberstoalltheresultsoftheUruguayRoundnegotiations(withtheexceptionofplurilateralagreements),therebyreinforcingthefundamentalprincipleofmost-favorednation(MFN)treatment.WiththeconclusionoftheUruguayRoundandthestrengthenedmultilateraltradingsystem(MTS),therewasanexpectationthatexceptionstomultilateralism,suchasregionaltradeagreements,eventhoughlegallycoveredbytheWTOundercertainconditions,wouldeitherbecomelessofanalterativepolicyoptionforcountriesorwillneedtobeadaptedandconductedinsuchamannerastobecomeoutward-oriented;notinward-looking,andhasconstitutebuildingblocksforthenewmultilateralismusheredinbytheWTO.

ThisobjectivehasbeencontinuallyemphasizedinWTOMinisterialDeclarationsthatreaffirmcommitmenttothesupremacyofmultilateralismwhilerecognizingtheimportantrolethatregionaltradeagreements(RTAs)canplay.Thisisapparentfromparagraph4intheDohaDeclarationwhereWTOMembersstressedtheir“commitmenttotheWTOastheuniqueforumforglobaltraderule-makingandliberalization,whilealsorecognizingthatregionaltradeagreementscanplayanimportantroleinpromotingtheliberalizationandexpansionoftradeandinfosteringdevelopment”.IntheworkprogrammeadoptedatDoha.WTOMembersalsoagreetonegotiationsaimedatclarifyingandimproving,existingWTOprovisionsapplyingtoRTAswhiletakingintoaccounttheirdevelopmentalaspects(paragraph29).Such“developmentalaspectsareaconcreteexpressionofthewideremphasisintheDohaWorkProgrammed(DWP)ondevelopmentissues,includingimplementation-relatedissuesandAsrecognizedbytheseDeclarations,thegrowth,expansionanddeepeningofregionaltradeagreementshasbeenremarkable.AlmostallcountriesintheworldandvirtuallyallWTOMembers(theexceptionbeingMongolia)todayarepartyto,orareintheprocessofnegotiating,atleastoneRTA.Thus,regionalismhasbecomeapolicyoptionformostcountriesandisapermanentfeatureoftheinternationaltradingenvironmentfortheforeseeablefuture.

Anotablefeatureintherecentriseofregionalismisthatcountriesthathavetraditionallyfavoredthemultilateralapproachtotradeliberalization,includingAustralia,NewZealand,Japan,Singapore,IndiaandtheRepublicofKoreahavejoinedtheRTAbandwagon.TheUnitedStateshasalsogivenmoreattentiontoconcludingRTAs.AdifferentcompositionofRTAsinvolvingthewideningofcountrycoveragebeyondthetraditionalregionalzonehasemerged.Significantly,RTAshaveemergedbetweencountriesandentitiesindifferentregions/continents(e.g.EU-Mexico,EU-SouthAfrica,US-Israel.Jordan,Morocco,Chile).Inmostcases,theseagreementsarebilateralinmembership,concludedbytwocountries/entities,includingthecaseoffreetradeagreementsnegotiatedandconcludedbythetwodistinctRTAs(e.g.EU-MERCOSURundernegotiation).

Theexpansion,wideninganddeepeningofRTAshasresultedin,asituationwherebyintra-RTAtradeaccountedforsome40percentofworldtrade(merchandiseimports)in2000andwillaccountforover50percentin2005.Furthermore,intra-RTAtradehasbeensignificant,orhasbecomemoreimportantforRTAmembers.Thus,internationaltradeflowsareincreasinglyconcentratedwithinregionalgroupingsformedbylargetradingnations.

ThequalitativedimensionofRTAsinrespectofcoverageofpolicyareashasalsoevolved.Recent“new-generation”RTAsincreasinglycovernotonlytradeingoods,butalsoother“behindtheborder”regulatoryareas,includingtradeinservices,investment,competitionpolicy,intellectualpropertyrights,governmentprocurement,labor,environmentanddevelopmentcooperation,therebygoingbeyondmultilateraldisciplinesandliberalizationcommitments(“WTO-plus”).Thesearepartandparcelof“deeper”integrationefforts.

Developingcountriesarenoexceptiontotheprocessofexpansionandreinvigorationofthe

RTAs.Theyhaveactivelyparticipatedinregionaltradeagreementsamongthemselves(South-South)andwithdevelopedcountries(North-South).Inadditiontothesesubregionalagreements,variousbilateralpreferentialtradeagreements(PTAs)havebeenlaunchedamongorinvolvingdevelopingcountries,oftenonaninterregionalbasis.

WhatisWTO’sstancetowardregionalism?Howisthedevelopmentofregionalismintheworldrightnow?(5points)

Pleasebrieflyanalyzethepositiveandnegativeeffectsofregionalismtodevelopingcountries.(10points)

Withthethrivingofregionalismintheworld,whatdoyouthinkisthefutureofWTO’smultilateraltradingsystem(MTS)?(10points)

【答案】WTOrecognizestheimportantrolethatregionalismcanplay.

Ontheonehand,regionalismcancauseapositiveeffectondevelopingcountries.Itwillbringalotofchancesfordevelopingcountriestotradewithothertradingpowers,whichwillhelpdevelopingcountriestoincreasetheirstrengthineconomicandtechnology;Ontheotherhand,thenegativeeffectshouldnotbeignoredeither.Becausethedevelopedcountriesareplayingthemainandleadingroleinregionalism,sometimesdevelopingcountrieswillbeinaunfavorablepositionduringtheprocessofcooperatingwithdevelopedcountries.Andtheenvironmentalproblemscausedduringtheseprocessesarealsoabigdisadvantagefordevelopingcountries.

ThedevelopmentofWTO’smultilateraltradingsystemmaybestuckintroubleandsomeofitsconventionswillbehit.

2.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Mostofushaveseenadogstaringat,sometimessnarlingat,andapproachingareflectionofitself.Formostanimals,seeingtheirownimageinamirroractsasasocialstimulus.Butdoesthedogrecognizeitself,ordoesthereflectionsimplysignalapotentialcompanionorthreat?Thisquestionisofinterestforanumberofreasons.Apartfromcuriosityaboutthelevelofanimals’understanding,researchonself-recognitioninanimalhasseveralbenefits.Itprovidessomeinsightintotheevolutionarysignificanceofthisskillofself-recognitionandintothelevelandkindsofcognitivecompetencethattheskillrequires.Suchresearchalsoindicatesthekindsoflearningexperiencesthatdeterminethedevelopmentofself-recognition.Inaddition,workwithanimalsfosterstheuseoftechniquesthatarenotdependentonverbalresponsesandthatmaythereforebesuitableforusewithpreverbalchildren.

Theevidenceindicatesthatdogsandalmostallothernonhumansdonotrecognizethemselves.Inaseriesofcleverexperiments,however,Galluphasshownthatthechimpanzeedoeshavethiscapacity.Gallupexposedchimpanzeesinasmallcagetoafull-lengthmirrorfortenconsecutivedays.Itwasobservedthatoverthisperiodoftimethenumberofself-directedresponsesincreased.Thesebehaviorsincludedgroomingpartsofthebodywhilewatchingtheresults,guidingfingersinthemirror,andpickingatteethwiththeaidofthemirror.Describingonechimp,Gallupsaid,“Margeusedthemirrortoplaywithandinspectthebottomofherfeet;shealsolookedatherselfupsidedowninthemirrorwhilesuspendedbyherfeetfromthetopofthecage;shewasalsoobservedtostuffceleryleavesuphernoseusingthemirrorforpurposesofvisuallyguidingthestemsintoeachnostril.”

Thentheresearchersdevisedafurthertestofself-recognition.Thechimpswereanesthetizedandmarkswereplacedovertheireyebrowsandbehindtheirears,areasthechimpscouldnotdirectlyobserve.Themirrorwastemporarilyremovedfromthecage,andbaselinedataregardingtheirattemptstotouchtheseareaswererecorded.Thedataclearlysuggestthatchimpsdorecognizethemselves,orareself-aware,fortheirattemptstotouchthemarksincreasedwhentheyviewedthemselves.Citingfurtherevidenceforthisargument,Gallupnotedthatchimpanzeeswithnopriormirrorexperiencedidnotdirectbehaviortothemarkswhentheywerefirstexposedtothemirror;thatis,theotherchimpanzeesappearedtohaverememberedwhattheylookedlikeandtohaverespondedtothemarksbecausetheynoticedchangesintheirappearance.

1.Theideathispassagediscussesiswhether（）.

2.ThefirstsentenceofParagraph2(“Theevidenceindicates...”)maybeinterpretedtomeanthatnearlyallanimalshave（）.

3.Theword“prior”(inlastparagraph)canbestbereplacedby（）.

4.Thewritersofthispassageprobably（）.

5.Theauthor’spurposeinthispassageisto（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.dogsrecognizethemselvesinminors

B.thegroomingpracticesofchimpscanbealtered

C.nonhumanshaveaself-concept

D.chimpschangetheirbehaviorwhenamirrorispresent

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.someself-concept

B.noself-concept

C.anawarenessoftheusesofmirrors

D.afearofmirrors

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.“important”

B.“rich”

C.“former”

D.“temporary”

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.preferdogstochimps

B.havedonemoreresearchwithchimpsthandogs

C.enjoyedtheexperienceinvolvedinworkingwithanimals

D.wanttoseemoreresearchinnonhumanself-awareness

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.comparedogbehaviortochimpbehavior

B.defendanidea

C.explorerecentresearchnononhumanself-awareness

D.evaluateahypothesis

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由題干定位到文章第一段第五句“Apartfromcuriosityaboutthelevelofanimals’understanding,researchonself-recognitioninanimalhasseveralbenefits.除了對(duì)動(dòng)物認(rèn)知水平的好奇，對(duì)動(dòng)物自我認(rèn)知的研究還有很多好處。”是文章討論的觀點(diǎn)，可知C項(xiàng)“非人類有自我意識(shí)”與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“狗認(rèn)出鏡子中的自己”；B項(xiàng)“黑猩猩梳毛的習(xí)慣可以改變”；D項(xiàng)“黑猩猩在有鏡子時(shí)會(huì)改變自己的行為”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:推理判斷題。由題干定位到文章第二段第一句“Theevidenceindicatesthatdogsandalmostallothernonhumansdonotrecognizethemselves.該證據(jù)表明，狗和幾乎所有其他非人類動(dòng)物都不認(rèn)識(shí)自己?！笨芍狟項(xiàng)“沒有自我意識(shí)”與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“一些自我意識(shí)”；C項(xiàng)“對(duì)鏡子使用的認(rèn)識(shí)”；D項(xiàng)“害怕鏡子”。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:詞匯題。單詞prior的意思是“較早的；先前的”，因此C項(xiàng)“先前的”正確。A項(xiàng)“重要的”；B項(xiàng)“富有的；豐富的”；D項(xiàng)“暫時(shí)的”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:推理判斷題。由題干定位到文章最后一段第一句“Thentheresearchersdevisedafurthertestofself-recognition.然后，研究人員設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)進(jìn)一步的自我認(rèn)知測試。”和全文圍繞“動(dòng)物是否有自我意識(shí)”來敘述可知作者“想看到更多關(guān)于非人類自我意識(shí)的研究”，D選項(xiàng)符合題意。A項(xiàng)“相比黑猩猩更喜歡狗”；B項(xiàng)“對(duì)黑猩猩的研究多于對(duì)狗的研究”；C項(xiàng)“喜歡與動(dòng)物打交道的經(jīng)歷”。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:推理判斷題。由題干定位到文章第一段第三句“Butdoesthedogrecognizeitself,ordoesthereflectionsimplysignalapotentialcompanionorthreat?但是，狗能認(rèn)出自己嗎？還是說，反射只是一個(gè)潛在的同伴或威脅的信號(hào)？”和全文圍繞“動(dòng)物是否有自我意識(shí)”來敘述可知D項(xiàng)“評(píng)估一種假設(shè)”與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“比較狗和黑猩猩的行為”；B項(xiàng)“維護(hù)一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)”；C項(xiàng)“探索有關(guān)非人類自我意識(shí)的最近研究”。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Iaskedhimforajob（

）theimpressionthathewastheheadofthefirm,buthewasn’t.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.under

C.in

D.of

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。undertheimpressionthat意為“認(rèn)為覺得”句意：我以為他是公司的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，所以要求他給我提供一份工作，但他不是。選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.單選題

Whatisthenatureofthescientificattitude,theattitudeofthemanorwomanwhostudiesandappliesphysics,biology,chemistry,geology,engineering,medicineoranyotherscience?

Weallknowthatscienceplaysanimportantroleinthesocietiesinwhichwelive.Manypeoplebelieve,however,thatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.Thefirstoftheseistheapplicationofthemachines,productsandsystemsofappliedknowledgethatscientistsandtechnologistsdevelop.Throughtechnology,scienceimprovesthestructureofsocietyandhelpsmantogainincreasingcontroloverhisenvironment.Thesecondaspectistheapplicationbyallmembersofsocietyofthespecialmethodsofthoughtandactionthatscientistsuseintheirwork.

Whatarethesespecialmethodsofthinkingandacting?Firstofall,itseemsthatasuccessfulscientistisfullofcuriosity—hewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks.Heusuallydirectshisattentiontowardsproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfactoryexplanation,andhiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected.Moreover,hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves.

Heisagoodobserver,accurate,patientandobjectiveandapplieslogicalthoughttotheobservationshemakes.Heutilizesthefactsheobservestothefullestextent.Forexample,trainedobserversobtainaverylargeamountofinformationaboutastarmainlyfromtheaccurateanalysisofthesimplelinesthatappearinaspectrum.

Heisskeptical—hedoesnotacceptstatementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable—andthereforerejectsauthorityasthesolebasisfortruth.Scientistsalwayscheckstatementsandmakeexperimentscarefullyandobjectivelytoverifythem.

Furthermore,heisnotonlycriticaloftheworkofothers,butalsoofhisown,sinceheknowsthatmanistheleastreliableofscientificinstrumentsandthatanumberoffactorstendtodisturbobjectiveinvestigation.

Lastly,heishighlyimaginativesinceheoftenhastolookforrelationshipsindatawhicharenotonlycomplexbutalsofrequentlyincomplete.Furthermore,heneedsimaginationifhewantstomakehypothesesofhowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.Thereseemtobesomeofthewaysinwhichasuccessfulscientistortechnologistthinksandacts.

1.Manypeoplebelievethatsciencehelpssocietytoprogressthrough（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaboutcuriosity（

）?

3.Accordingtothepassage,asuccessfulscientistwouldnot（

）.

4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss（

）?

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthetopic（

）?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.appliedknowledge

B.morethanoneaspect

C.technologyonly

D.theuseofmachines

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itgivesthescientistconfidenceandpleasureinwork.

B.Itgivesrisetointerestinproblemsthatareunexplained.

C.Itleadstoeffortstoinvestigatepotentialconnections.

D.Itencouragesthescientisttolookfornewwaysofacting.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.easilybelieveinuncheckedstatements.

B.easilycriticizeothers’researchwork.

C.alwaysusehisimaginationinwork.

D.alwaysuseevidencefromobservation.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Applicationoftechnology.

B.Progressinmodernsociety.

C.Scientists’waysofthinkingandacting.

D.Howtobecomeasuccessfulscientist.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Critical.

B.Objective.

C.Biased.

D.Unclear.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：很多人相信科學(xué)通過_______幫助社會(huì)進(jìn)步。通過題干關(guān)鍵詞“Manypeoplebelieve”定位到第二段第二句Manypeoplebelieve,however,thatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience（然而，許多人認(rèn)為，我們的進(jìn)步取決于科學(xué)的兩個(gè)不同方面），這里明確指出社會(huì)進(jìn)步要靠twodifferentaspectsofscience，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)用知識(shí)”，C選項(xiàng)“僅靠技術(shù)”，D選項(xiàng)“利用機(jī)器”，A，C，D選項(xiàng)都不夠全面。綜上所述，本題的正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干：關(guān)于好奇心，以下哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)不正確？由題干中的“curiosity”定位至第三段。第三句和第四句對(duì)科學(xué)家的好奇心進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)解釋。第三句指出Heusuallydirectshisattentiontowardsproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfactoryexplanation,andhiscuriositymakeshimlookforunderlyingrelationshipsevenifthedataavailableseemtobeunconnected（他通常把注意力放在那些沒有令人滿意的解釋的問題上，他的好奇心使他尋找潛在的關(guān)系，即使可用的數(shù)據(jù)似乎是毫無關(guān)聯(lián)的），選項(xiàng)B對(duì)應(yīng)前一個(gè)分句，選項(xiàng)C對(duì)應(yīng)and后的第二個(gè)分句。末句Moreover,hethinkshecanimprovetheexistingconditionsandenjoystryingtosolvetheproblemswhichthisinvolves.（此外，他認(rèn)為他可以改善現(xiàn)有的條件，并樂于嘗試解決其中涉及的問題。），表示他對(duì)自己有信心，且從這一過程獲得愉悅，即pleasure，A也符合文意。綜上所述，本題的正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。通過文章可知，一個(gè)成功的科學(xué)家不會(huì)_________。根據(jù)第六段首句的內(nèi)容，選項(xiàng)A中的uncheckedstatements是對(duì)“statementswhicharenotbasedonthemostcompleteevidenceavailable”的概括，說明成功的可科學(xué)家不應(yīng)該輕信沒有檢驗(yàn)的結(jié)論，故選A。選項(xiàng)B“容易批判別人的研究工作”與第七段首句的含義一致，所以排除B選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)C“在工作中經(jīng)常利用想象力”和最后一段第一句表達(dá)的意思重合，所以排除C選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)D“經(jīng)常利用通過觀察得到的證據(jù)”和倒數(shù)第三段第一句表達(dá)的意思重合，所以排除D選項(xiàng)。故排除。從文中可知，科學(xué)家不是很容易相信沒有檢驗(yàn)的結(jié)論，但是他不僅批判別人的工作，還批判自己的工作，工作時(shí)需要想象力，充分利用自己觀察所得。綜上所述，本題正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

4.主旨大意題。題干：文章主要討論的是？文章開篇通過一個(gè)文句引出對(duì)科學(xué)態(tài)度的本質(zhì)的思考，第二段和第三段介紹了社會(huì)進(jìn)步以來與科學(xué)的兩個(gè)方面，之后第四段首句通過一個(gè)問句引出全文主題。后面的內(nèi)容都是對(duì)這個(gè)主題的具體說明。末段對(duì)這一主旨進(jìn)行概括，可見本文的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)注methodsofthinkingandacting，故選C。A、B、D選項(xiàng)均不符合題意。綜上所述，本題正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。在第四段提出本文主旨后，作者就逐一介紹成功科學(xué)家的思維和行為方式。文中沒有任何正面或負(fù)面評(píng)價(jià)，可見作者在文中是非?？陀^地說明成功科學(xué)家的思維和行為方式，故選B“客觀的”。A選項(xiàng)“批評(píng)的”，C選項(xiàng)“有偏見的”和D選項(xiàng)“不清楚的”，均不是作者的觀點(diǎn)。綜上所述，本題正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

5.單選題

Thegeneralmanagerofourcompanyisagoodlistener.Healways（）ourproposalsenthusiastically.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.takesin

B.takeson

C.takesup

D.takesto

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)takesin“接受，吸收，領(lǐng)會(huì)，欺騙”；B選項(xiàng)takeson“承擔(dān)，呈現(xiàn)，具有”；C選項(xiàng)takesup“拿起，開始從事，占據(jù)（時(shí)間，地方）”；D選項(xiàng)takesto“喜歡，走向”。句意：我們公司的總經(jīng)理是個(gè)善于傾聽的人。他總是熱情地（）我們的建議。根據(jù)題意，可以推測出，總經(jīng)理是個(gè)善于傾聽的人，所以他會(huì)熱情地接受我們的建議，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.翻譯題

Scientificandtechnologicaladvancesareenablingustocomprehendthefurthestreachesofthecosmos,themostbasicconstituentsofmatter,andthemiracleoflife.

Atthesametime,today,theactions,andinaction,ofhumanbeingsimperilnotonlylifeontheplanet,buttheverylifeoftheplanet.

Globalizationismakingtheworldsmaller,fasterandricher.Still,9/11,avianflu,andIranremindusthatasmaller,fasterworldisnotnecessarilyasaferworld.

Ourworldisburstingwithknowledge—butdesperatelyinneedofwisdom.Now,whensoundbitesaregettingshorter,wheninstantmessagescrowdoutessays,andwhenindividuallivesgrowmorefrenzied,collegegraduatescapableofdeepreflectionarewhatourworldneeds.

ForallthesereasonsIbelieved—andIbelieveevenmorestronglytoday—intheuniqueandirreplaceablemissionofuniversities.

【答案】科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步使我們能夠探索宇宙的邊陲，物質(zhì)最基本的組成部分，以及生命的奇跡。

與此同時(shí)，今天，人類所做的事情及沒能做到的事情，不僅危害地球上的生命，而且危害地球自身的生命。

全球化使世界變得更小、更快、更富有。然而，9/11、禽流感和伊朗問題提醒我們，更小、更快的世界不一定是一個(gè)更安全的世界。

我們正處在一個(gè)知識(shí)爆炸的世界之中，但卻迫切需要智慧。如今，在（新聞采訪的）原聲摘要播出變得愈來愈短，即時(shí)信息排擠了散雜文，個(gè)人生活變得更加瘋狂，這個(gè)世界需要的正是具有深刻反思能力的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生。

基于所有這些原因，我相信，而且今天我更加堅(jiān)信大學(xué)的獨(dú)特和不可替代的使命。

7.單選題

Itissurprisingthatsuchaninnocent-lookingmanshouldhave（）suchacrime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confirmed

B.clarified

C.committed

D.conveyed

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。commitcrime是固定搭配，意思是“犯罪，干壞事”。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

8.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingtextintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

20世紀(jì)80年代以來，中國陸續(xù)推出一系列科學(xué)技術(shù)研究發(fā)展的整體計(jì)劃，旨在戰(zhàn)略性地全面提高國家在21世紀(jì)的綜合科技競爭力。1982年開始實(shí)施的國家科技攻關(guān)計(jì)劃，是20世紀(jì)中國最大的科技計(jì)劃。它面向國民經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)主戰(zhàn)場，解決國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展中帶有方向性、關(guān)鍵性和綜合性的問題，涉及農(nóng)業(yè)、電子信息、能源、交通、材料、資源勘探、環(huán)境保護(hù)、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生等領(lǐng)域。

【答案】Sincethe1980s,Chinahaslaunchedaseriesofoverallplansforscientificandtechnologicalresearchanddevelopmentforthepurposeofenhancingthecountry’scomprehensivescientificandtechnologicalcompetitivenessstrategicallyandroundlyin21stcentury.NationalKeyTechnologyR&DProgram,whichiscarriedoutin1982,isChina'’slargestscienceandtechnologyprograminthe20thcentury.Facingthemainbattlefieldofnationaleconomicconstruction,itsolvesdirectional,keyandcomprehensiveproblemsinnationaleconomicandsocialdevelopment,involvingagriculture,electronicinformation,energy,transportation,materials,resourceexploration,environmentalprotection,medicalandhealthcareandotherfields.

9.翻譯題

Educationbeginswithteachers.Yetteachingseemstobelosingitsappealformanyofthebestandbrightestcollegestudents:inhighschool,manyofthebeststudentsdecidethattheywanttobeteachers,buttheirrelativesandfriendssoonconvincethemtochangetheirminds.（1）AccordingtoseveralrecentreportsontheshortcomingsofAmericanpublicschooling,teaching'slackofappealforthebrightestcollegestudentsisoneoftheteachingprofession'smostworrisomeproblems.

Manyarticlesonteaching,currentlypopularinnewspapers,magazines,andprofessionaleducationjournals,concentrateonthenegativeaspectsofteaching;theexpression"teacherburnout"iscommonlyascribedtothousandsofthoughtfulanddedicatedteacherswhoareleavingtheprofession.（2）Teacherburnoutiscausedbysuchproblemsasviolenceintheclassroom，vandalism（肆意破壞行為）inadequatesalaries，involuntarytransfers,interferingparents,oversizedclasses,andexcessivepaperwork.Eventhebestteacherscannotsolveachild'sproblems,butmanyofthembelievethepublicexpectsthemto,andtheygiveupteachingindespair.

（3）Despitethemorelimitedfinancialprospects,thedeteriorationoftheAmericanpublic'sattitudetowardteachers,andtheproblemscausedbydisruptivestudents，manyofthebeststudentsconcludethattheywanttopursuecareersintheclassroomafterall.Theyusuallydiscoverthattheywantpersonalfulfillmentfromtheirlife'sworkmorethantheywantmaterialrewards.Eacheventuallychosetobecomeateacher.However,agrowingbodyofevidenceshowsthatsuchstudentsareexceptions,ratherthantherule,inAmerica'smorethan1,200teacher-trainingprograms.Manyteacher-trainingschoolsarebeginningtolookatwaystorecruitthekindofpeoplewhowouldbeinclinedtowardthepositiveaspectsofteaching.Theteachingprofessionhastobecomemoreattractivetogoodstudents.

（4）Prospectiveteacherswillseeincreasedemphasisbynationalteacherorganizations，statecertificationagencies，andlocaldistrictsonimprovingthestatusoftheprofession,aswellasonimprovingteachersalaries.Continuedeffortstoeliminatejobsteachersdothatarenotteacher's—suchaspolicingtherestrooms,hallways,andcafeterias—areimportantforupgradingtheprofession.

Whileteachingisnotawisecareerchoiceforall,teachingisanobleandrewardingprofessionforthosewhoindeedseekpersonalfulfillmentfromtheirlife'swork.（4）Thoughthefirstyearofteachingisfrequentlythemostfrustratingyearinateacher'slife,theexperienceofsolvingproblemsthatdealwithinstruction,students,parents,administrators,andfellowteachersisofimmeasurablevalueforfuturesuccess.

PuttheunderlinedsentencesinthefollowingpassageintoChinese.

【答案】1.根據(jù)最近幾份關(guān)于美國公立學(xué)校教育缺點(diǎn)的報(bào)告，對(duì)最聰明的大學(xué)生來說，教學(xué)缺乏吸引力是教師行業(yè)最令人擔(dān)憂的問題之一。

2.教師的職業(yè)倦怠是由以下問題引起的:教室里的暴力行為、故意破壞、工資不高、非自愿的調(diào)動(dòng)、家長的干預(yù)、班級(jí)規(guī)模過大和作業(yè)批改工作過多。

3.盡管教師的經(jīng)濟(jì)前景更加有限，美國公眾對(duì)教師態(tài)度的惡化，以及破壞性學(xué)生造成的問題，然而許多優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生還是決定想在教室里追求事業(yè)。

4.未來的教師將看到國家教師組織、國家認(rèn)證機(jī)構(gòu)和當(dāng)?shù)貙?duì)提高教師職業(yè)地位以及提高教師工資的重視。

5.雖然第一年的教學(xué)往往是教師生涯中最令人沮喪的一年，但解決與指示、學(xué)生、家長、管理員和同事有關(guān)的問題的經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)未來的成功具有不可估量的價(jià)值。

10.單選題

Ameteorburnsbrightly（）throughtheearth’satmosphere.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.asitdescends

B.asdescending

C.whetheritdescends

D.whendescends

【答案】A

【解析】考查時(shí)間狀語從句。句意：流星在穿過地球大氣層時(shí)閃閃發(fā)光。whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句，表示“是否”，排除C。D選項(xiàng)缺少主語，排除D。as后面接動(dòng)詞ing形式表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不符，排除B。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Ifyou（）theprincipleofdemocraticgovernmenttoyourfamilyyouwillrunintosomeobviousdifficulties.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.carry

B.track

C.manipulate

D.adapt

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Carry“拿，搬運(yùn)”；track“跟蹤，追蹤”；manipulate“操縱，控制”；adapt“使適應(yīng)”。句意：如果你使民主政府的原則適用于家庭中，那你會(huì)遇到各種明顯的困難。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.單選題

Thereareincreasinglyfraughtrelationshipsthatadultsarehavingwithchildreninallwalksoflife,fromthepolicetopoliticians,withinthepublicsectorandwithincommunitiesthemselves.Thefearofyoungpeoplehaschangedthewaysocietyispoliced:howpupilsaretreatedinschoolsandhowinsecureadultsrelatetochildrenontheirestates.Ratherthanchildrenandyoungpeoplebecomingmoreviolentandanti-social,itisadultswhohavechanged,havingfewerrelationshipswithyoungpeopleandbecominglessconfidentintheirdealingswiththem.

Wemustexploretherolethatcrimeandsafetyinitiativeshaveontheoutlookofthepublic.Theattemptbygovernment,councildepartments,thepoliceandmanyotherstoreducethefearwithincommunitiesbydevelopingsafetyinitiativesishavingtheoppositeeffect,resultingintheinstitutionalizationofthisfear.Curfewshaveincreasedadults'fearofyoungpeopleandreducedtheamountoftimethatyoungchildrenareallowedouttoplay.Theyhaveraisedthelevelofinsecurityamongstparentsaboutthesafetyoftheirchildrenandultimatelyreducedthecontactbetweengenerationswithinthiscommunity.Itisnotfarfromthetruthtosaythat"youth"nolongerexists—ifbyyouthwemeanthefreedomlovingrebelliousness.Theoutcomeofthisprocessisbreedingagenerationofyoungpeoplewhoareifanythingmorefragileandfearfulthantheirgrandparents.

Finally,aswellasexploringthefearofyoungpeople,wemustlookattheinsecuritythatparentshavefortheirchildren.Therehasbeenareductioninplay,andspecificallyin“freeplay”，andtheeffectofthismoreregulatedenvironmentonchildren'slivesisyettobedeterminedandnotsomethingwecancontinuallyignoreinourrushtoprotectsocietyfromchildren.

1.Theauthorismainlydirectinghismessagetowards（）.

2.Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout（）.

3.Theauthorseessafetyinitiativesaspartoftheproblembecause（）.

4.Theauthorbelievesit’spossibletosayyouthnolongerexistsbecause（）.

5.Tocorrecttheproblemtheauthordiscussesweareadvisedto（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adultsingeneral

B.theyoungergeneration

C.lawenforcementauthorities

D.parents

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thewayyoungerpeoplehavechanged

B.thechangeinattitudeandtreatmenttowardsyouth

C.thefewerrelationshipsbetweenyouthandadults

D.thefearthatyouthandadultshavetowardseachother

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theyactuallycausemorerebelliousness

B.theyareunpopularwithyoungpeople

C.theyworsenrelationshipsandcreatemorefear

D.theyreducetheplayyoungpeoplecanusetoexpendenergy

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.youthhavenomorerebellionandfreedom

B.youthareindistinguishableincharacterfromtheirgrandparents

C.theyarenotallowedtovoicetheiropinions

D.theydonotlovefreedomtheyshouldhave

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.stopbeingsoinsecuretowardschildren

B.letchildrenplaymore

C.studytherootsandeffectsofourfear

D.stopregulatingchildren’slives

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。文章主要從幾個(gè)方而分析和討論了社會(huì)（成年人）對(duì)年輕人的恐懼的原因。因此，這篇文章的受眾應(yīng)該是“總體的成年人”。因此選A。

2.判斷推理題。題干意為:第一段主要講什么?第一段主要分析了成年人對(duì)孩子的態(tài)度改變一一變得關(guān)系疏遠(yuǎn)和沒有信心，影響了兩者之間的緊張關(guān)系。因此B項(xiàng)“對(duì)青年的態(tài)度和待遇的”正確。

3.判斷推理題。題干意為:作者把安全措施看作問題的一部分，是因?yàn)槭裁?？第二段指?Theattemptbygovernment,councildepartments,thepoliceandmanyotherstoreducethefearwithincommunitiesbydevelopingsafetyinitiativesishavingtheoppositeeffect,resultingintheinstitutionalizationofthisfear(政府、議會(huì)者、警察和其-他人通過采取安全措施以減少社區(qū)的恐懼，這反而產(chǎn)生負(fù)面的結(jié)果，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致這種對(duì)年輕人恐懼的制度化)。Curfewshaveincreasedadults'fearofyoungpeopleandreducedtheamountoftimethatyoungchildrenareallowedouttoplay(戒嚴(yán)已經(jīng)增加了成年人對(duì)年輕人的恐懼，減少了年輕小伙的外出玩耍時(shí)間)。Theyhaveraisedthelevelofinsecurityamongstparentsaboutthesafetyoftheirchildrenandultimatelyreducedthecontactbetweengenerationswithinthiscommunity(他們還在父母們中間提高了關(guān)于孩子安全的不安全感。并且，最終減少社區(qū)中一代人之間的聯(lián)系)。因此，C項(xiàng)“他們惡化了關(guān)系并且制造更多擔(dān)憂/恐懼”正確。

4.判斷推理題。題干意為:作者認(rèn)為，為什么可以說年輕人不再存在？第二段指出:Itisnotfarfromthetruthtosaythat"youth"nolongerexists—ifbyyouthwemeanthefreedomlovingrebelliousness.Theoutcomeofthisprocessisbreedingagenerationofyoungpeoplewhoareifanythingmorefra