考研考博-英語-山東現(xiàn)代學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東現(xiàn)代學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Iboughtanalarmclockwitha(n)（）dial,whichcanbeseenclearlyinthedark.

問題1選項

A.supersonic

B.luminous

C.audible

D.amplified

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。supersonic“超音速的，超音波的”；luminous“發(fā)光的，明亮的”；audible“聽得見的”；amplified“放大的，擴充的”。句意：我買了一個帶有發(fā)光鐘面的鬧鐘，這樣在黑暗中也能看清時間了。由后半句句意可知B項符合題意。

2.單選題

Thealliessufferedlessthan20（

）whileenemylossesweresaidtobehigh.

問題1選項

A.casualties

B.consequences

C.calamities

D.severities

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。casualty意為“(戰(zhàn)爭或事故的)傷員，傷亡”；consequence意為“結(jié)果，后果”；calamity意為“災禍，災難”；severity意為“嚴重”。

句意：同盟國遭受傷亡的人數(shù)不到20，而敵人的傷亡據(jù)說很高。

3.單選題

ThesmallJacksonisnot（

）now,buthewillbefamoussomeday.

問題1選項

A.magnificent

B.prominent

C.dominant

D.significant

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。magnificent意為“壯麗的，宏偉的”；prominent意為“突出的，杰出的”；dominant意為“占優(yōu)勢的”；significant意為“重要的”。

句意：小杰克遜現(xiàn)在還不出名，但總有一天他會出名的。

4.單選題

TheAmericanstudentscametoourschoolinNovember,andwethenmadea（）visittotheirs.

問題1選項

A.bilateral

B.reciprocal

C.considerate

D.rewarding

【答案】A

【解析】近義詞辨析。Bilateral“雙邊的、雙方的”，reciprocal“互惠的，相應的”，considerate“體貼的，考慮周到的”，rewarding“有益的”。句意：11月份美國學生來我校參觀，我們也要參觀他們的學校。選項A符合題意。

5.單選題

Thesecontinual（

）intemperaturemakeitimpossibletodecidewhattowear.

問題1選項

A.transitions

B.transformations

C.exchanges

D.fluctuations

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項transitions“過度，轉(zhuǎn)變”；B選項transformations“轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)換”C選項exchanges“交換，交易所”；D選項fluctuations“波動，變化”。句意：氣溫的變化讓我們難以決定該穿什么。這里根據(jù)句意答案選D。A選項指從一種狀態(tài)到另一種狀態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)變過程，Weneedtoensureasmoothtransitionbetweentheoldsystemandthenewone.（我們得確保新舊制度間的平穩(wěn)過渡），本句指的是溫度的變化沒有提到從冷到熱或者從熱到冷這一對具有明顯反義的詞出現(xiàn)，所以不能選。B、C選項帶入文中不符合題意。

6.單選題

Withhisbrowsknitted,thedoctorcontemplatedthedifficultoperationhehadtoperform.

問題1選項

A.ucceededin

B.ecidedagainst

C.wentonwith

D.thoughtdeeplyabout

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生皺著眉頭，……那個他要做的手術(shù)。succeedin“在……方面取得成功”；decideagainst“決定不”；goonwith“繼續(xù)”；thinkdeeplyabout“深思”。根據(jù)“withhisbrowsknitted”可知醫(yī)生正在思考，因此劃線單詞的意思是“沉思”，選項D符合題意。

7.單選題

Theshort,smilingmanwhointroducehimselfasthemanagerdeniedthatwehadpaidmorethanotherpeople,thoughhedidadmitthatwehadbeenputina“special”room.

問題1選項

A.whointroducehimself

B.asthemanagerdenied

C.didadmit

D.hadbeenput

E.沒有錯誤

【答案】A

【解析】語法題。時態(tài)錯誤。introduce改為introduced。謂語動詞為denied,是一般過去時,因此A項定語從句中的動詞Introduce也應該用過去式。

8.單選題

It'sgoodtoknowthatquiteafewpopularEnglishexpressionsactually（）fromtheBible.

問題1選項

A.acquire

B.obtain

C.derive

D.result

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。derivefrom“源于，來自”；resultfrom“由…造成”；句意：許多受歡迎的短語實際上來自圣經(jīng)。C項正確。

9.單選題

Themotherreallytookprideinherson,a（）artistwhohadalreadyheldseveralnationalexhibitions.

問題1選項

A.prospective

B.perspective

C.descriptive

D.partial

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項prospective“未來的，預期的”；B選項perspective“透視的”；C選項descriptive“描述性的”；D選項partial“局部的，偏袒的”。句意：這位母親真的為自己的兒子感到驕傲，因為他兒子未來會是一位藝術(shù)家，已經(jīng)舉辦過好幾次全國性的展覽?？崭窈蟮膬?nèi)容都是描述兒子的，從舉辦過好幾次展覽可知兒子最有可能成為未來的一位藝術(shù)家，所以A選項符合句意。因此A選項正確。

10.填空題

Higherinterestratesmakeitmoreexpensivetoborrowmoney,________peoplefrombuyingnewhomesorstartingnewconstructionprojects.(courage)

【答案】discouraging

【解析】【考查點】動詞。

【解題思路】逗號前為完整的句子，橫線所在內(nèi)容應為非謂語動詞。逗號前說到借貸更加昂貴，后面說______人們購買新房或開工建設新項目，可知前者打擊后者積極性，是主動關(guān)系，一方面動詞應為現(xiàn)在分詞，一方面動詞discourage的意思為“使灰心，使泄氣”，符合題意。因此此處應為discourage的現(xiàn)在分詞discouraging。

【句意】利率更高讓借貸更加昂貴，使人們不愿購買新房或開工建設新項目。

11.單選題

（

）theaccident,theywouldhavearrivedearlier.

問題1選項

A.Exceptfor

B.Butfor

C.Besides

D.Savefor

【答案】B

【解析】句意:要不是這個事故，他們會更早地到達。

考查短語辨析。exceptfor除了……以外;butfor要不是;besides此外，而且;savefor除…之外。句子后半句“theywouldhavearrivedearlier”為對過去的虛擬,那次推測空格處應該表示“要不是”。

12.單選題

Fundamentally,incomedisparitydescribestwodisparategroups:richandpoor.Itishardlynewsthatthericharegettingricher.Theunderlyingstoryisafamiliarone:thewealthiesthouseholdsownthemostassets,namelystocks,andassetpriceshaverisenataferociouspaceinrecentyears.Beyondthestandardexplanation,itisalsothecasethattheemergenceoftechnology,risingproductivity,andanexpandingglobalmarkethavebroughtforthanewupperclassamongcorporations.Thesenewlywealthyfirmspayskilledemployeeswellandinanever-tighterlabormarket,theyareforcedtoconstantlysweetentheiremployees'compensation.

Thentherearethepoor,whereconditionsarealittlemurky.Fallingunemployment,anecdotalevidenceofrisingstarlingwagesforlowlevelservicejobs,andtherelativenon-eventofwelfarereformsofarsuggestthatconditionsatthelowendareimproving.Yetatthesametime,wholecommunitiesundersiegebycrimeandhopelessnesscannotbeignored.

Thatsaid,incomeinequalityasablanketindictmentoffoureconomicsystemdoesnotfly.Incomedisparityisthegasthatrunsoureconomicengine.Theabilitytosomedayearnmore,toliveatahigherstandard,iswhatgetspeopleoutofbedinthemorning,particularlyinourconsumer-orientedeconomy.Incomedisparityonlybecomesaproblemifitwidenstotheextentthatthelaborforcebelievesthatgreaterwealthcanonlybeachievedbythealreadywealthy.

Indeed,itisunreasonabletostatethatincomedisparityiserodingthelaborforce'swilltoimproveproductivityandmoveahead.Increasinglaborforceparticipation,recordhomeownership,surgingconsumerconfidenceandspending,nearrecordlevelsofimmigration,andurbanrenewalareallanecdotalevidencethathopesarehigh.AlltypesofpeopleareflourishingintheNewEconomyandthereissufficientevidencetosuggestthatmoststillwanttheirshotatthebrassring.

Sowhyaretherestillverypoorhouseholdsinthiscountry?Therearemanyreasons.Oureconomyisshiftingtowardstheproductionofhighervaluegoodsandservices.Unskilledlaborisnotvaluedtothedegreethatitoncewas,andunskilledworkersarepaidaccordingly.TherehasalsobeenarecentsurgeofimmigrationintotheU.S.Manymigrantstothiscountry,particularlythosewhoareunskilledorlanguagechallenged,requiretimetobeabsorbedintooureconomy.Ifskillsarelacking,itmaytakeagenerationortwotomoveahead.

Itisalsoimportanttorememberthatitisnottheultimategoalofeverypersontobefabulouslyrich.Oneofthefundamentalsofeconomicsisthatonedecideshowhardtowork,wheretowork,andwhatriskstotake.Monetarywealthisnotthesolemeansofmaximizingutility.Eachpersonhasafinitelifespanandfiniteabilities;itisuptotheindividualtoapplythoseastheyseefit.Thewealthygettingwealthierisnotalwaysevidencetoothersthattheythemselvesarefallingbehind.

1.Intheauthor’scountry,（）maybenefitfromthedevelopmentofitseconomy.

2.Itisimpliedinthispassagethatincomeinequalityis（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

4.Theauthorbelievesthatincomedisparitywill（）.

5.Themainideapresentedinthelastparagraphisthat（）.

問題1選項

A.thewealthyratherthanthepoor

B.alltheimmigrants

C.onlyskilledemployees

D.allthepeople

問題2選項

A.notnecessarilyharmfultothepoor

B.harmfultothedevelopmentofeconomy

C.destructiveratherthanconstructive

D.beneficialonlytotherich

問題3選項

A.Everypersonwantstobecomerich

B.Unskilledpeopletendtobepoor

C.Mostimmigrantsareverypoor

D.Thewealthyisgettingwealthier

問題4選項

A.disappearsoonerorlater

B.begraduallynarrowed

C.persistaseverbefore

D.bemoreandmorewidened

問題5選項

A.noteverypersoniswillingtobecomeaswealthyaspossible

B.itisunderstandableforthewealthytogetwealthier

C.eachindividualknowsexactlywhathisultimategoalis

D.whatapersonpursuedintheworldisnotmonetarywealth

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“在作者的國家，哪類人受益于經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展？”文章第四段最后一句話提到“所有人都在新經(jīng)濟中發(fā)展”(AlltypesofpeopleareflourishingintheNewEconomy)，因此選項D符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“這篇文章暗示收入差距……”。文章第四段提到“各種各樣的人都在新經(jīng)濟中蓬勃發(fā)展，有足夠的證據(jù)表明大多數(shù)人仍然想要獲得發(fā)財機會”（AlltypesofpeopleareflourishingintheNewEconomyandthereissufficientevidencetosuggestthatmoststillwanttheirshotatthebrassring），由此可知“不一定對窮人有害”符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“下列哪個表述是正確的？”文章第五段提到“非技術(shù)勞動力的償付水平與以前不同了……”（Unskilledlaborisnotvaluedtothedegreethatitoncewas,andunskilledworkersarepaidaccordingly），選項B“非技術(shù)人員傾向貧窮”符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“作者認為收入差距將……”。文章第三段第一句話提到“收入差距是驅(qū)動經(jīng)濟引擎的汽油”（Incomedisparityisthegasthatrunsoureconomicengine），因此它不可能消失，所以選項C“一直存在”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。題目問的是“最后一段的主要思想是什么？”文章最后一段第一句提到變得富有并不是每個人的最終目標（Itisalsoimportanttorememberthatitisnottheultimategoalofeverypersontobefabulouslyrich），因此選項A符合題意。

13.單選題

Incourtherepeatedhis（）thathewasnotguiltyinfrontofthejury.

問題1選項

A.impressions

B.alliterations

C.clauses

D.assertions

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。Impression印象，感想；alliteration頭韻；clause從句；（法律文件等的）條款;assertion主張,斷言。句意:在陪審團面前,他重申自己無罪的。因此D項符合句意。

14.單選題

Inthewakeofthe70-vehiclepileup,aslewoflawsuitsareexpectedtobe_______againstdrivers,truckingcompaniesandseveralstateagenciesallegingnegligenceandwrongfuldeath.

問題1選項

A.subjected

B.filed

C.committed

D.surrendered

【答案】B

【解析】subject使屈從于……,使隸屬;file把……歸檔,提出(申請等);commit犯罪,做錯事;surrender投降,自首。句意：在這起70輛汽車連環(huán)相撞事件發(fā)生后,預計將對司機、貨運公司和幾家州政府機構(gòu)提起一系列訴訟,指控他們玩忽職守和過失殺人。filealawsuitagainst控告,起訴。選項B符合句意。

15.翻譯題

Asthepaceoflifecontinuestoincreaseinmodernsociety,wearefastlosingtheartofrelaxation.Onceyouareinthehabitofrushingthroughlife,beingonthegofrommorningtillnight,itisveryhardtoslowdown.Butrelaxationisessentialforahealthymindandbody.Stressisanaturalpartofeverydaylifeandthereisnowaytoavoidit.Infact,itisnotthebadthingitisoftensupposedtobe.Acertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovideonewithmotivationandgivepurposetolife.Itisonlywhenthestressgetsoutofcontrolthatitcanleadtopoorperformanceandillhealth.Sincewecannotremovestressfromourlives,weneedtofindwaystodealwithitinordertostayhealthyinmindandbody.

【答案】隨著現(xiàn)代社會生活節(jié)奏的不斷加快，我們正在迅速失去放松的藝術(shù)。一旦你習慣了匆匆忙忙的生活，從早到晚忙個不停，就很難慢下來。但是放松對健康的身心是必不可少的。壓力是日常生活中無法避免的一部分。實際上，有壓力并不是人們習慣認為的壞事。一定的壓力會給人的生活提供動力，讓人有生活的目標，所以是必不可少的。只有當壓力失控時它才可能導致人們表現(xiàn)不佳，身體不好。既然我們在生活中無法擺脫壓力，我們就需要找到辦法來應對它，才能在身體和心理上保持健康。

16.單選題

Hehadafallandhavea（）fractureinabone.

問題1選項

A.hairgrip

B.hairpiece

C.hairline

D.hairstyle

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項hairgrip“發(fā)夾”；B選項hairpiece“假發(fā)”；C選項hairline“發(fā)際線，極細的線，細縫”；D選項hairstyle“發(fā)型”。hairlinefracture是一醫(yī)學術(shù)語，“骨裂”，即一種如頭發(fā)般的單處骨折裂痕。句意：他摔了一跤，骨裂了。因此C選項正確。

17.翻譯題

Itisacommonprobleminthenon-familyownedprivatelimitedcompany:shareholder/directorwantstoretireorleavethebusiness,butoneormoreofhisfellowshareholders/directorswanttocontinue.1.Itiseasyenoughforadirectortoretire,butthelikelihoodisthathewillwanttocashinonhisshareswhichhaveaccumulatedsomevalueovertheperiodofhisparticipationinthebusiness.Frequently,though,hisfellowshareholder/director(s)donothavethefinancialresourcestoacquirethesharesattheirmarketvalue.Awidevarietyofoptionsexist,butpurchaseofownsharesbythecompanyisoneofthemostuseful.

Purchaseofownsharesisexactlywhatsaysitis:thecompanyacquiresthesharesfromtheshareholders.Inprinciple,itisasimpleconceptbutonewhichiscoveredbyanumberofveryimportantlegislativeprovisions,bothincompanyandtaxlaw.2.Althoughatfirstsightthelegislationappearstoobstructwhatmightotherwisebeasimpleprocess,itactuallyexisttofacilitatethepurchase,whileprotectingthecreditors(sofarascompanylawisconcerned).Infact,theprovisionaretoonumeroustocoverindetailinafewwordsandthisarticleisdesignedtooutlinetherules,regulationsandoptions.

3.Itwasalwaysthecasethatacompanycouldnotacquireitsownshares,becauseindoingsoitwasobtainingownershipofitself,whichiscontrarytothemostfundamentallegalprinciplessurroundingthenatureandexistenceofcompanies.TheCompanyAct1981changedallthatandtheprovisionsitintroducedarenowincorporatedintotheCompanyAct1985.

4.Inessence,providedacompanyispermittedtodosobyitsMemorandumandArticlesofAssociation,anycompanycannowacquireitsownshares(subjecttotherebeingatleastoneleft).Becausepurchaseofownsharesisarelativelyrecentinnovation,manycompanies’MemorandumandArticlesofAssociationdonotcontainthisprovisionbutappropriateprovisionscanbeincludedbySpecialResolution,requiringa75%majority.

5.Althoughthepurchasemustnormallybemadeoutoftheproceedsofafreshissueofsharesandorofdistributableprofits,importantprovisionexistforprivatecompaniestomakethepurchaseoutofcapital.Ifdistributableprofitsareinsufficientthen,providedthecompanyissolventaftertheredemptionandisbelievedbydirectorstobegoingconcernforafurtheryear,thenthepurchasecangoahead.

【答案】1.對一個董事來說，只是想退休很容易，但他可能想要將他在參與公司經(jīng)營期間積累了一定價值的股份變現(xiàn)。

2.雖然乍一看，這項立法似乎阻礙了原本可能簡單的程序，但它實際上是為了在促進購買的同時保護債權(quán)人（就公司法而言）的權(quán)利。

3.通常情況下，一個公司不能購買自己的股份，因為這樣做是獲得自己的所有權(quán)，這違反了關(guān)于公司的性質(zhì)和存在的最基本的法律原則。

4.從本質(zhì)上來說，只要一家公司的組織大綱和章程允許它這樣做，任何公司現(xiàn)在都可以收購自己的股份（前提是至少還有一股剩下）。

5.盡管這種購買通常必須用新發(fā)行的股票和（或）可分配利潤的收益進行，但對私營公司來說，也存在可以用資本購買的重要規(guī)定。

18.單選題

（）ofthethreesistersyouchoosetomarry,youwillhaveagoodwife.

問題1選項

A.Whichever

B.Which

C.Whatever

D.Any

【答案】A

【解析】考查讓步狀語從句。無論三個姐妹你選擇哪一個結(jié)婚，你都將擁有一個好妻子。A選項whichever“無論哪一個”，B選項which，“哪個”，C選項whatever“無論什么”，D選項any“任何的”，C選項whichever，“不論哪個”引導讓步狀語從句時，相當于nomatterwhich，其意為“無論哪個”“不管哪個”，在句中充當定語或者賓語，例如：Whicheveryouchoose,theotherswillbeoffended.無論你選哪個，都會冒犯其余的人。D選項any不能引導讓步狀語從句。句意：不論這三個姐姐你選哪一個結(jié)婚，你都將有一個好妻子。綜上所述，本題選A選項正確。

19.填空題

Peopleareoften（1）whentheyseethatIhavefiveumbrellasintheroom.Thetruthisthattheyaren’tallmine.Severalvisitorshave（2）umbrellasintheoffice.Idon'tknowwhythis（3）

happening.MaybeIshouldputupa（4）bythedoorremindingthemtotaketheirumbrellaswhentheygo.

大意:當他們看見房間里有5把傘的時候，通常會感到困惑。真相是，不是所有的雨傘都是我的。很多來訪者遺留到辦公室的。我不知道為什么一直會這樣。也許，我應該在門口貼張便利貼，以提醒他們走的時候帶上雨傘。

【答案】1.puzzled

2.left

3.keeps

4.note

【解析】1.詞匯題。根據(jù)句中“當他們看見房間里有5把傘的時候”推測,主句部分為:人們通常感到困惑。

2.詞匯題。句意:很多來訪者遺留到辦公室的。而且此處應填動詞的過去分詞,即left。

3.詞匯題。句意:為什么這件事總在發(fā)生。空后為happening，因此填keep語義跟語法上都符合。

4.詞匯題。根據(jù)后面的remindingthemtotaketheirumbrellaswhentheygo以及前面的putup推測此處應填note(便利貼)。

20.單選題

Asnowfallconsistsofmyriadsofminuteicecrystalsthatfalltothegroundintheformoffrozenprecipitation.Theformationofsnowbeginswiththeseicecrystalsinthesubfreezingstrataofthemiddleandupperatmospherewhenthereisanadequatesupplyofmoisturepresent.Atthecoreofeveryicecrystalisaminusculenucleus,asolidparticleofmatteraroundwhichmoisturecondensesandfreezes.Liquidwaterdropletsfloatingintheupperatmosphereandfreeicecrystalscannotcoexistwithinthesamecloud,sincethevaporpressureoficeislessthanthatofwater.Thisenablestheicecrystalstorobtheliquiddropletsoftheirmoistureandgrowcontinuously.Theprocesscanbeveryrapid,quicklycreatingsizableiceCrystals,someofwhichadheretoeachothertocreateaclusteroficecrystalsorasnowflake.Simpleflakespossessavarietyofbeautifulforms,usuallyhexagonal,thoughthesymmetricalshapesreproducedinmostmicroscopephotographyofsnowflakesarenotusuallyfoundinactualsnowfalls.Typically,snowflakesinactualsnowfallsconsistofbrokenfragmentsandclustersofadheringicecrystals.

Forasnowfalltocontinue,onceitstarts,theremustbeaconstantinflowofmoisturetosupplythenuclei.Thismoistureissuppliedbythepassageofanairstreamoverawatersurfaceanditssubsequentliftingtohigherregionsoftheatmosphere.ThePacificOceanisthesourceofmoistureformostsnowfallswestoftheRockyMountains,whiletheGulfofMexicoandtheAtlanticOceanfeedwatervaporintotheaircurrentsoverthecentralandeasternsectionsoftheUnitedStates.Othergeographicalfeaturesalsocanbethesourceofmoistureforsomesnowstorms.Forexample,areasadjacenttotheGreatLakesexperiencetheirownaddition,mountainoussectionsorrisingterraincaninitiatesnowfallsbythegeographicalliftingofamoistairstream.

1.Whatisatthecenterofanicecrystal?

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

3.Ifasnowfallcontinuessometimesinceitbegins,wecanconcludethat（

）.

4.Howdolake-effectsnowstormsform?

問題1選項

A.Asmallsnowflake.

B.Anucleus.

C.Adropofwater.

D.Ahexagon.

問題2選項

A.Aminusculenucleusisakindofsolidparticleofmatter.

B.Thefreeicecrystalscangrowcontinuously.

C.Inactualsnowfalls,weusuallyfindthatsimpleflakespossesssymmetricalshapes.

D.Forasnowstorm,theremustbeanadequatesourceofmoisture.

問題3選項

A.thereisplentyofmoisture.

B.theremustbeasourceofwaternearbyandthetemperaturewillfall.

C.thesnowflakeconsistsofbrokenfragmentsandclustersofadheringicecrystals.

D.thereareairstreams’motionsfromoverwatersurfacetohigherregions.

問題4選項

A.Watertemperaturesdropbelowfreezing.

B.Moisturerisesfromalakeintoairstreams.

C.Largequantitiesofwetaircome-offanearbymountain.

D.Millionsoficecrystalsformonthesurfaceofalargelake

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“Atthecoreofeveryicecrystalisaminusculenucleus...每個冰晶的核心都有一個極小的核”選項B正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“Simpleflakespossessavarietyofbeautifulforms,usuallyhexagonal,thoughthesymmetricalshapesreproducedinmostmicroscopephotographyofsnowflakesarenotusuallyfoundinactualsnowfalls.簡單的雪花有各種美麗的形狀，通常是六角形的，盡管雪花在大多數(shù)顯微鏡圖像下再生的形狀是對稱的，但通常在實際的降雪過程中卻不是這樣的?！庇纱丝芍?，選項C表述不正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段一二句“Forasnowfalltocontinue,onceitstarts,theremustbeaconstantinflowofmoisturetosupplythenuclei.Thismoistureissuppliedbythepassageofanairstreamoverawatersurfaceanditssubsequentliftingtohigherregionsoftheatmosphere.如果降雪持續(xù)不斷，必須有源源不斷的水分供應核。這種水分是由氣流通過水面并隨后上升到大氣的較高區(qū)域提供的?！边x項D符合原文。選項A中“plenty”不準確，應該是“constant”；選項B中的溫度在文中沒有涉及；選項C與題干無關(guān)；只有選項D正確，所以本題選D。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)上一題的分析“如果降雪持續(xù)不斷，必須有源源不斷的水分供應核。這種水分是由氣流通過水面并隨后上升到大氣的較高區(qū)域提供的?！庇纱丝芍?，選項B正確。

21.單選題

V.CivilandCommercialLaw

Earlyinthe20thcentury,NewZealandadoptedanationalno-faultworkerscompensationscheme,replacingtortlawforindustrialaccidentswhileleavingtherestofitintact.Italsomandatedtortliabilityinsuranceagainstautoaccidents.Duringthe1960s,NewZealandestablishedaroyalcommissiontoexplorepossiblereformstoitsworkerscompensationsystem.Assometimesoccurswithsuchbodies,itdecidednottobelimitedbyitsremitbutproceededinsteadtoreviewthetortsystemmoregenerally.

In1967,thecommissionpublishedtheWoodhouseReport(namedafterthejusticewholedtheeffort).Itseverelycriticizedthefault-basedtortsystem’s“falsemorality,”unpredictabledamageawards,andhightransactioncosts(amountingtoover40%ofthetotalsystemcosts,muchlowerthanthecomparablecostsinU.S.asbestoslitigationfirstlaunchedataroundthesametime).Inplaceoftort,theReportproposedacomprehensiveno-faultcompensationschemeforpersonalinjuriesgenerally(notjustworkplaceaccidents),onethatithopedwouldbedesignedtoprovidewagelossbenefitsroughlymatchingpre-injuryearningsandadditionalbenefitsforpermanentbodilyimpairment,whilealsopromotingaccidentprevention,victimrehabilitation,andadministrativeefficiency.

In1972,theNationalPartygovernment,whoseJusticeandLabourministrieshadbeenactivelypromotingthecommissionandtheWoodhouseReport,pushedthroughtheAccidentCompensationAct.Itenjoyedbipartisansupportandpassedquiteeasily-afactthatwillastonishanyAmericanlawyerobservingtheendlessstrugglesovereventhemildesttortreformsintheU.S.Amendedin1973bythenewLabourgovernmenttoincludeaccidentstonon-wageearners,theActwentintoeffectinApril1974.

Evenmoresurprising,thepublicdidnotdemandthenewsystem.Instead,accordingtoGeoffreyPalmer,itwasthehandiworkofasmallgroupofdedicatedreformersledbyinfluentialandprestigiousjudges.Successwasassuredwhenthemajorgroupsopposingthereform—theinsuranceindustry,thebar,andlaborunions—turnedouttobepoliticallyweakandfragmented.ThenewsystemwasnotthecomprehensiveabolitionoftortthattheWoodhouseReporthadproposed.Rather,itlimitedno-faultcoveragetomotorvehicle-relatedinjuriesandtowage-earners’injuries(whetherworkrelatedornot).Butthegovernmentsubsequentlyexpandedthesystemtocovervirtuallyallaccidentalinjuriesandtoconferverybroadbenefitsforvictims.NewZealanderstodaygenerallyregardtheirsystem(somedisputeddetailsaside)asamainstayoftheirsocialpolicy.

67.Accordingtothe1stparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementaboutthecommissionisNOTtrue?

68.TheWoodhouseReportcontainedthefollowingBUT___.

69.WhichstatementabouttheAccidentCompensationActistrue?

70.TheNewZealandersattitudetowardsthenewtortsystemwas___.

問題1選項

A.Itwasestablishedin1960.

B.Itwasauthorizedtoexplorepossiblereformstotheworkerscompensationsystem.

C.Itdecidedtoreviewthetortsystemmoregenerally.

D.Itwasaroyalcommission.

問題2選項

A.criticizingthefault-basedtortsystem’s“falsemorality”

B.propositionaboutacomprehensiveno-faultcompensationscheme

C.accidentprevention

D.muchlowercoststhanthecomparablecostsinU.S.

問題3選項

A.ItbecameeffectiveinApril1973.

B.TheNationalPartygovernmentwasagainsttheAct.

C.TheJusticeandLabourministriesactivelypromotedtheAct.

D.TheActwasamendedin1973beforeitbecameeffective.

問題4選項

A.supportivefromtheverybeginning

B.representedbyasmallgroupofdedicatedreformers

C.firstunconcerned,thenbecameproudofit

D.representedbytheinsuranceindustry,thebar,andlaborunions

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】67.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“thecommission”定位到原文第一段Duringthe1960s,NewZealandestablishedaroyalcommissiontoexplorepossiblereformstoitsworkerscompensationsystem.（20世紀60年代，新西蘭成立了一個皇家委員會，探討對其工人薪酬制度可能進行的改革）可知這個皇家委員會是在20世紀60年代（指1960~1969）成立，無法判斷是否成立于1960年，A選項“它成立于1960年”陳述和原文不符，B選項“它被授權(quán)探索對工人補償制度進行可能的改革”以及D選項“這是一個皇家委員會”符合原文；第一段Assometimesoccurswithsuchbodies,itdecidednottobelimitedbyitsremitbutproceededinsteadtoreviewthetortsystemmoregenerally.（正如這些機構(gòu)有時會發(fā)生的那樣，它決定不受其職權(quán)范圍的限制，而是更廣泛地審查侵權(quán)制度）可知C選項“它決定更廣泛地審查侵權(quán)制度”符合原文。因此A選項符合題意。

68.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“TheWoodhouseReport”定位到原文第二段amountingtoover40%ofthetotalsystemcosts,muchlowerthanthecomparablecostsinU.S.asbestoslitigationfirstlaunchedataroundthesametime（相當于總制度成本的40%以上，遠低于美國石棉訴訟中的可比成本）可知D選項“比美國的可比成本低得多”所提到的范圍比原文所提及的“遠低于美國石棉訴訟中的可比成本”大得多，D選項對比原文有誤；第二段Itseverelycriticizedthefault-basedtortsystem’s“falsemorality,”（它嚴厲批評了基于過錯的侵權(quán)制度的“虛假道德”）可知A選項“批評基于過錯的侵權(quán)制度的‘虛假道德’”符合原文；第二段Inplaceoftort,theReportproposedacomprehensiveno-faultcompensationschemeforpersonalinjuriesgenerally…whilealsopromotingaccidentprevention…（報告提出了一個全面的人身傷害無過錯賠償計劃……同時也促進了事故預防……）可知B選項“關(guān)于全面無故障補償方案的提議”和C選項“事故預防”符合原文。因此D選項符合題意。

69.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第三段In1972,theNationalPartygovernment,whoseJusticeandLabourministrieshadbeenactivelypromotingthecommissionandtheWoodhouseReport,pushedthroughtheAccidentCompensationAct.（1972年，國家黨政府，其司法部和勞動部一直在積極推動委員會和伍德豪斯報告，推動通過了事故賠償法）可知C選項“司法部和勞工部積極推動該法”符合原文，同時可知B選項“國家黨政府反對該法案”和原文相悖；第三段Amendedin1973bythenewLabourgovernmenttoincludeaccidentstonon-wageearners,theActwentintoeffectinApril1974（新工黨政府于1973年修訂了這項法案，將事故納入非工薪階層，該法案于1974年4月生效）可知法案生效于1974年4月，A選項“1973年4月生效”和D選項“該法案在1973年生效前進行了修正”錯誤。因此C選項符合題意。

70.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“TheNewZealanders”定位到原文第四段Evenmoresurprising,thepublicdidnotdemandthenewsystem.（更令人驚訝的是，公眾并沒有要求新系統(tǒng)）可知新西蘭人最開始并沒有支持新的侵權(quán)制度，而是不關(guān)心，A選項“從一開始就支持”不符合原文，結(jié)合第四段最后一句NewZealanderstodaygenerallyregardtheirsystem(somedisputeddetailsaside)asamainstayoftheirsocialpolicy.（今天的新西蘭人普遍認為他們的制度（撇開一些有爭議的細節(jié)不談）是他們社會政策的支柱）可知起初不關(guān)心的新西蘭人們現(xiàn)在覺得自豪，選C選項“起初不關(guān)心，后來變得自豪”；第四段Instead,accordingtoGeoffreyPalmer,itwasthehandiworkofasmallgroupofdedicatedreformersledbyinfluentialandprestigiousjudges.（相反，據(jù)杰弗里帕爾默說，這是一個由有影響力和聲望的法官領導的致力于改革的小團體的杰作）可知B選項“由一小群獻身的改革者代表”并不是新西蘭民眾的態(tài)度，原文只是說明這個制度是由有影響力和聲望的法官領導的致力于改革的小團體的杰作；第四段Successwasassuredwhenthemajorgroupsopposingthereform—theinsuranceindustry,thebar,andlaborunions—turnedouttobepoliticallyweakandfragmented.（當反對改革的主要團體——保險業(yè)、律師協(xié)會和工會——在政治上變得軟弱和支離破碎時，改革取得了成功）可知保險業(yè)、律師協(xié)會和工會是反對改革的主要群體，并不是新西蘭人對新的侵權(quán)制度的態(tài)度，也不能算新西蘭人對這一制度的代表態(tài)度，D選項“以保險行業(yè)、律師和工會為代表”錯誤。因此C選項正確。

22.單選題

Wehavebeenhearing______accountsofyourwork.

問題1選項

A.favored

B.favorable

C.favorite

D.favoring

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。favored“有利的；收到優(yōu)待的”；favorable“有利的；贊許的”；favorite“最喜愛的”；favoring“順利的；有幫助的”。句意：我們一直在聽……你工作的報道。因此B選項符合題意。

23.單選題

Thatbecamesomewhatmoregentleascarebecamemoresophisticated.Weenteredwhatmightbecalledthe（

）Period,wherethephysicianwaslikeafatherwhoknewwhatwasbestforhispatient.

問題1選項

A.Parental

B.Maternal

C.Fraternal

D.Paternal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項Parental“父母的”；B選項Maternal“母親的”；C選項Fraternal“兄弟的”；D選項Paternal“父親的”句意：隨著護理工作變得越來越復雜，這種感覺也變得溫和了一些。我們進入了所謂的“……期”，醫(yī)生就像一位父親，知道什么對他的病人是最好的。根據(jù)后面句意可知D選項符合題意。

24.單選題

Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behaviorists,whostudytherelationbetweenactionsandtheirconsequences,arguethatrewardscanimproveperformanceatworkandschoolCognitiveresearchers,whostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,maintainthatrewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceonapprovalandgiftsfromothers.

Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,especiallyamongeducators.Butthecarefuluseofsmallmonetaryrewardssparkscreativityingrade-schoolchildren,suggestingthatproperlypresentedinducementsindeedaidinventiveness,accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.

“Ifkidsknowthey’reworkingforarewardandcanfocusonarelativelychallengingtask,theyshowthemostcreativity,”saysRobertEisenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNeward.“Butit’seasytokillcreativitybygivingrewardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuchanticipationforrewards.”

Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsouthighgradesfor