高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)練習(xí)考點(diǎn)39 閱讀理解七選五（二） (含解析)

考點(diǎn)39閱讀理解七選五（二）高考頻度：★★★★★【解題步驟2】（1）在閱讀過程中，重要要關(guān)注文章的首段與末段。尤其是文章的這兩段的末尾句，因?yàn)椋㈤_門見山＂與＂末尾點(diǎn)題＂的寫作方式是最為常見的，首段的末句一般是全文的主題所在，說明本文將探討哪些內(nèi)容，并簡(jiǎn)要指出文章的寫作思路，有時(shí)甚至?xí)蕴峋V的形式進(jìn)行呈現(xiàn)。首段的末句對(duì)于快速掌握文章的主題具有重要意義，如果它是文章的主題句，就可以使讀者迅速明確文章情節(jié)將如何展開，并對(duì)文章的寫作主題有了整體的了解。如果末句不是主題句，則需要繼續(xù)尋找。這時(shí)，可以考慮文章的寫作方式是否為＂結(jié)尾總結(jié)＂式，如兩者均可排除，則需在文章中其他段落尋找主題句，但要注意首段與末段的提示作用。（2）做題的時(shí)候邊讀邊做。各個(gè)問題附近的句子都需要重點(diǎn)閱讀，圈畫一些線索粗，再?gòu)倪x項(xiàng)中尋找相關(guān)的特征詞用來判斷正確答案。帶入排除法也是一種很好的方法。另外，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)有一題拿不準(zhǔn)的，先跳過，先做容易的能做出的題，直到讀完整篇文章。至此，文章的要點(diǎn)和主旨、各個(gè)段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)該基本就能清楚了。然后再回過去做之前不確定的題目。（3）做完后，通讀全文。將所選項(xiàng)放入空白處，通讀一遍，看看是否與上下文構(gòu)成語義及邏輯上的直接關(guān)系，是否符合該處語境。能否承接前后的寫作線索。使文章無論內(nèi)容還是銜接上都能做到通順。若代入選項(xiàng)后，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章寫作線索中斷或是前后矛盾，應(yīng)更換其它選項(xiàng)。同時(shí)，我們還應(yīng)注意對(duì)相近選項(xiàng)的對(duì)比分析，個(gè)別干擾項(xiàng)由于與某個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容相近具有很強(qiáng)的干擾性，這時(shí)就需要我們認(rèn)真分析，仔細(xì)甄別，排除干擾，從而得出正確選項(xiàng)。（4）切勿隨意改答案。要特別注意的是，不要倉(cāng)促的改自己的之前選定的答案。做這類的題目時(shí)，第一印象的可信度還是很高的，除非你已經(jīng)常有充分的理由否定向前的選擇。【解題策略】（1）從意思上判斷在做題時(shí)最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，正確理解了這些句子后，根據(jù)意思的連貫性、邏輯性或者線索詞從選項(xiàng)中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎(chǔ)上，再利用線索特征詞等進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)答案。（2）從詞匯上鎖定線索做保持對(duì)一些線索詞的敏感是非常重要的，要好好關(guān)注空白前后的名詞和動(dòng)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找它們的近義詞、反義詞、同義詞、同類詞等。其次是一些專有名詞，比如說數(shù)詞、代詞、時(shí)間、年代、地點(diǎn)/名稱等。尤其是在讀不懂句子的情況下，利用這樣的線索詞尋找答案是很有效的方法。（3）從關(guān)聯(lián)詞作為切入點(diǎn)通常，英語的句段之間經(jīng)常會(huì)運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)詞表示過渡和銜接，讓文章的思路與更清楚、邏輯更連貫，因此文章中和選項(xiàng)中表示各種邏輯關(guān)系的路標(biāo)性信號(hào)詞在選擇答案時(shí)都是很重要的線索。在做題時(shí)可將這三個(gè)層面的線索很好地結(jié)合起來。例如，在看到表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞時(shí)，一般表示前后句子的名詞或句意具有同指性;而表示轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系的詞則往往表示前后句子的名詞同指，但句意對(duì)立，或褒貶對(duì)立或肯否對(duì)立;而表示例證關(guān)系的詞則意味著在舉例之前或之后有表述概念或某一觀點(diǎn)的句子，往往會(huì)有復(fù)數(shù)名詞出現(xiàn)。以下四類為常用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，請(qǐng)大家一定要背熟：（i）并列與遞進(jìn)：and,or,also，neither…nor…,either…or…,likewise,similarly,equally,inthesameway,thatistosay,aswellas,thesame?as,besides,additionally,furthermore,moreover,inadditionto,whatismore（ii）因果：because,for,since,as,thus,hence,therefore,so,so…that,consequently,accordingly,dueto,thanksto,asaresult,becauseof,inthat,forthisreason,ofcourse（iii）轉(zhuǎn)折讓步：but,however,yet,onthecontrary,bycontrast,ontheotherhand,unfortunately,while,whereas,unlike,ratherthan,insteadof,itistruethat,ofcourse,although,though,eventhough,evenif,nevertheless,despite,inspiteof

（ii）時(shí)間順序：afterwards,atfirst,atlast,finally,first,firstly,inthefirstplace,tostartwith，inthemeantime,last,later,next,second,secondly,then,third,thirdly,tobeginwith以及一些具體的時(shí)間。5.試題的位置不同，解題策略也不同（1）若問題在段首（i）通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀該段落，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找相關(guān)詞或者同義詞，從而推測(cè)出主題句，找到答案。（ii）與后文是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號(hào)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)特征詞。一般來說正確答案與它后面的一句話的在意思上是銜接的，所以通常情況下，這兩句話中會(huì)有某種的銜接手段。（iii）段落間的過渡句。這時(shí)要前瞻后望找啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾有機(jī)地銜接起來，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來。（2）若問題在段尾（i）空白前的一句或兩句是重點(diǎn)語句，重點(diǎn)閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。（ii）通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句。要注意表示總結(jié)的信號(hào)詞，如therefore,asaresult,hence,thus,tosumup,toconclude,inshort,inaword等詞語，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。（iii）與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。此時(shí)要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對(duì)立、對(duì)比關(guān)系。（vi）與前文是并列或排比關(guān)系。在這種情況下，通常是該段落要求補(bǔ)全說明本段主題的其他細(xì)節(jié)，因此根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項(xiàng)中找到相關(guān)的特征詞，通常在選項(xiàng)中會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示并列/遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他信號(hào)線索。前面的一句與正確答案的第一句是緊密相連的。要特別注意閱讀這樣相連的兩句，通常會(huì)找到關(guān)鍵的線索詞句。（i）所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)可考慮與下一段開頭是否有一定的銜接。認(rèn)真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否與選項(xiàng)的最后一句緊密連接起來。（iv）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認(rèn)真閱讀，看此處是細(xì)節(jié)還是主題。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會(huì)用一些信號(hào)詞如轉(zhuǎn)折詞引出來，正確答案中應(yīng)有這樣的特征詞。（3）若問題是一整個(gè)自然段（i）承上啟下是這個(gè)段落的主要任務(wù)，且自成一體，所以會(huì)有一個(gè)該段落主旨?？忌梢詮倪x項(xiàng)中較長(zhǎng)的選項(xiàng)開始閱讀，以此類推直至找到正確答案。（ii）著重閱讀前一段結(jié)尾和后一段開頭的一兩句查找相關(guān)的線索，而且重要線索通常會(huì)在后一段開頭，因此后一段開頭往往比前一段結(jié)尾更為重要。（iii）分析段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系及內(nèi)容的連貫性，注意段落間的銜接手段。將選項(xiàng)代入原文，如果前后內(nèi)容連貫，符合邏輯，就能得出正確答案。簡(jiǎn)單來說，最主要的兩個(gè)步驟就是1.理清文章的邏輯和結(jié)構(gòu)，2.在所給的原文中找出關(guān)鍵詞或者說是線索詞。文章的整體思路能幫助你在答案中篩選出符合邏輯的選項(xiàng)，關(guān)鍵詞則能幫助你確定更多的細(xì)節(jié)，排除相近的選項(xiàng)?！究偨Y(jié)】主旨大意把握好，讀懂選項(xiàng)更重要關(guān)鍵信息相匹配，核查排除不可少經(jīng)驗(yàn)一：前瞻后顧，尋找＂信號(hào)詞＂，回到選擇項(xiàng)中篩選。復(fù)現(xiàn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)二：濃縮句意，意義匹配，整體把握。同意經(jīng)驗(yàn)三：以段落為單位梳理文章脈絡(luò),留意文章的起承轉(zhuǎn)合,邏輯及結(jié)構(gòu)經(jīng)驗(yàn)四：＂7選5＂句子選擇題正確選擇項(xiàng)排列有一條不成文規(guī)律：選擇項(xiàng)呈＂鋸齒＂順序排列，按照人們習(xí)慣，看了A就接著看B，接著看C，依此到G，而我們一般做題的正確答案都是＂參差不齊，錯(cuò)落有致＂的,看了D之后不看E卻看A，看E，看了E之后不看F而看C。這可能是出題者為了干擾我們常規(guī)思維而設(shè)置的障礙，因此如果考試時(shí)間允許，我們可以拿這個(gè)來初步檢驗(yàn)我們最后的答案是否＂正確＂。這些技巧多練練就能孰能生巧。同學(xué)們學(xué)會(huì)了嗎?最后祝大家都能在今年的高考中取得好成績(jī)!題組一（2020年高考真題）Passage1(2020·山東省高考英語試卷)Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.16．Doyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeaker?Herearesomeprinciplesyoumustmaster.Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting,relaxedandcomfortable.Toooftenwhenyoustanduptogiveaspeech,youfocusonthe“public”attheexpenseofthe“speaking.”17．Focusonthespeaking.Talkdirectlytoyouraudience,beyourselfandmakeaconnection.Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes.Yet,theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People’sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker’smessage.So,don’tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit’satrulyseriousone.18．Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.19．Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakespractice.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.20．It’sraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger.“Ontheotherhand,youprobablycan’tcountthetimesthatyou’vethought,“I’mgladthattalkisover.Itseemedtogoonforever!“Sosurpriseyouraudience.Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.It’sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.A．Dotheopposite.B．Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.C．Youdon’tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.D．Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.E.TheobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudienceF.TakethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlistenersG.However,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.Passage2(2020·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II=1\*ROMANI)Ahousewarmingpartyisaspecialpartytobeheldwhensomeonebuysormovesintoanewapartmentorhouse.Thepersonwhoboughtthehouseormovedistheonewhothrowstheparty.Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.36．Anditisgoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefulpresents.37．Somepeopleregisteralistofthingstheywantorneedfortheirnewhomeatalocalstores.Somecommonthingspeoplewillputonagiftregistryincludekitchentoolslikeknivesandthingslikecurtains.Evenifthereisn’taregistry,agoodhousewarminggiftissomethingtodecoratethenewhousewith,likeapieceofartoraplant.38．Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisn’talotoffoodserved.Thereareusuallynoplannedactivitieslikegamesatahousewarmingparty.Thehostorhostessofthepartywill,however,probablygivealltheguestsatouroftheirnewhome.Sometimes,becauseahousewarmingpartyhappensshortlyafterapersonmovesintotheirnewhome,peoplemaybeaskedtohelpunpackboxes.39．Housewarmingpartiesgettheirnamefromthefactthatalongtimeagopeoplewouldactuallybringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.40．Nowmosthomeshavecentralheatinganddon’tusefirestokeepwarm.A．Thisisn’tusualthough.B．Itistraditionaltobringagifttoahousewarmingparty.C．Youcanalsobringfoodordrinkstosharewiththeotherguests.D．Ifyou’reluckyenoughtoreceivegifts,keeptheminasafeplace.E.Italsogivespeopleachancetoseewhatthenewhomelookslike.F.Thebesthousewarmingpartiesencourageoldfriendstogettogether.G.Thiswassothatthepersoncouldkeeptheirhomewarmforthewinter.Passage3(2020·浙江省高考英語試卷（1月）)Let'stakeaminutetothinkaboutthewaterweuse.Thehumanbodyis60%waterandweneedtodrinklotsofwatertobehealthy.Whenwearethirstywejustgotothekitchenandfillaglasswithcleanwater.31．Forexample,farmers,whoproducethefoodweeat,usewatertomaketheplantsgrow.WhenweturnonalightorswitchonaTVoracomputerweuseenergyandweneedwatertoproducethisenergy.Thetruthisthatweareluckyenoughtohavecleanwaterwheneverwewant，butthisisnotthecaseformanypeoplearoundtheworld.32．That'saroundonein10peopleintheworld.Ifwedrinkdirtywater，wecancatchdiseasesfromthebacteriaandbecomeill.Everyyearover500，000childrendiefromdiarrhea(腹瀉)fromdirtywater.That'saround1，400childreneveryday！Also，insomecountrieschildrenwalkmanykilometreseverydaytogetwater.33．Therefore，theydon'thavetimetolearnhowtoreadorwriteanddon'tgetaneducation.34．Onthisdayeveryyear，countriesaroundtheworldholdeventstoeducatepeopleabouttheproblemsofdirtywaterandthatcleanwaterissomethingthateveryoneshouldhavearoundtheworld.AtoneschoolintheUK，childrenbetweentheagesof10and15walk6kmwithsixlitresofwater.35．Peoplegivethemmoneytodothisandallthemoneyhelpsgetcleanwatertoasmanypeopleaspossiblearoundtheworld.A．Weusewaterindirectlytoo.B．Everysysteminourbodydependsonwatertofunction.C．Itistoinspirepeopletolearnmoreaboutwater-relatedproblemsD．Ifchildrenwalkmanyhoursadaytogetwater，theycan'tgotoschool.E.Didyouknowthataround750millionpeopledonothavecleanwatertodrink？F.In1993theUnitedNationsdecidedthatMarch22ndistheWorldDayforWater.G.Inthisway，theyknowhowitfeelstowalkalongdistancecarryingheavybottles.題組二（2020年名校模擬題）Passage1(2020·廣東省汕頭市2019屆高三第二次模擬)RisingthroughstagestorealizeourselvesManymodernpeoplehavetheproblemthattheydon’tknowwhotheyareandwhattheirpurposeis.1.Oncehighschoolseniorsgraduate,theyseemtolosetheiridentity.Theyoncestudiedhard.Butaftertheystopworking,theybegintolosetheirway.InthetheoryoftheHierarchyofNeeds（需求理論）,AbrahamMaslo,putforwardasimilarsituation,whichconsistsofthefivelevelsofaperson’sneed.Thefifthandfinallevelisself-realization,whichiswhereourfinalachievementlies.2Ithinkself-realizationhasthreemajoraspects.Thefirststageisacceptance,thesecondstageisdiscoveryandthelaststageisperseverance.Acceptanceisthefirststage.Weshouldberemindedthatweareallbornunique,soweallhaveourownstrengthsandweaknesses.Onlywhenweunderstandthese,canwepursuethemorchangethem.3Oncewe’veacceptedourselves,wecandiscoverwhatweareinterestedinandwhatwewanttobe.4butindeedweshouldliveforourselves.Sobeforewestartworkingtowardsapurpose,weshouldaskourselves“Isthiswhatwetrulydesire?”and“Isthisgoingtochangethesituationwe’rein?”Thelaststageisperseverance.5Thosewhocanself-realizearepeoplewhofocusonthethingstheywanttochange.Throughthethreestages,wecouldgainrecognitionofourselves.Andbythispoint,whateverourliveswerelike,wewouldbeabletostandtall,confidentofourselves.A.It’snothingtoamanofperseveranceB.OnlybyacceptanceofthepastcanwechangeitC.ThisisespeciallycommonamongcollegestudentsD.ManypeopletendtogoalongwithsocialexpectationsE.BeingobjectiveandyettolerantisthekeytoacceptanceF.ItistheprocessofknowingourselvesandfindingapurposeG.Exploringourpotentialisn’tgoingtobedoneinashorttimePassage2(2020廣東番禺仲元中學(xué)高三月考）Muchoftheworkintoday’sworldisaccomplished(完成)inteams.Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.1．Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheirmoneywellspent?2．Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballandbaseball.Theresultsaremixed.Forfootballandbasketball,addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod,butonlyuptothepointwhere70%oftheplayersaretoptalent;abovethatlevel,theteam’sperformancebeginstodecline.Interestingly,thistrendisn’tevidentinbaseball,whereadditionalindividualtalentkeepsimprovingtheteam’sperformance.Toexplainthisphenomenon,theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequiresitsmemberstocoordinate(協(xié)調(diào))theiractions.3．Inbaseball,theperformanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates.Theyconcludethatwhentaskinterdependenceishigh,teamperformancewillsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent,whileindividualtalentwillhavepositiveeffectsonteamperformancewhentaskinterdependenceislower.Ifabasketballstaris,forexample,tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal,hemaytakeashothimselfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate,affectingtheteam’sperformance.Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamsportsareoftentold,“ThereisnoIinTEAM.”4．Anotherpossibilityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam,someplayersmaymakelesseffort.Justasinagameoftug-of-war(拔河比賽),wheneverapersonisadded,everyoneelsepullstheropewithlessforce.5．AnA-teammayrequireabalance--notjustAplayers,butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.A．It’snotasimplemattertodeterminethenatureoftalent.B．Sportsteamownersspendmillionsofdollarsattractingtoptalent.C．Thegroupinteractionanditseffectdrewtheresearchers’attention.D．Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.E.Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.F.Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebesttalent.G.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballandbasketball.Passage3(2020·福建廈門高考模擬）Reducingclasssizehastraditionallybeenseenasanimportantwaytoimproveastudent’seducationalexperience.Manyoftenbelievethatsmallerclasseswouldpermitteacherstogivemorepersonalattentiontotheirstudents.61．.Butonerecentstudysuggeststhere'snotmuchresearch-basedevidencetosupportthisidea.TheresearchwascollectedbyateamfromDenmark'sDanishCenterforSocialScienceResearch.Thestudynotesthatoneofthemainproblemswithreducingclasssizeisthatitcanhaveveryhighcosts.2．.Financiallimitationsmakeitverydifficultformanyschoolstoreducethenumberofstudentsintheclassroom.Thenewstudybeganbyexamining127studiesonclassroomsize.Itsgoalwastoexaminethemajorresearchstudiesalreadycompletedonthesubject.3．.Intheend,theresearchcenteredon10mainstudieswithpossiblesampling(采樣)problems.Theresearchersconcludedthatthere'ssomeevidencetosuggestthatreducingclasssizemayleadtosomeimprovementinastudent'sreadingachievement.4．.Theyfoundjusta53-percentchancethatarandomlyselectedtestscorefromastudentfromasmallclasswouldbehigherthantheselectedscoreofastudentfromalargerclass.5．.Thisledtheresearcherstoconcludethattherewouldbenobenefitatalltomathstudentsinasmallerclasssize.A．ButtheysaidtheeffectisverysmallB．Formathematicsachievement,theresultwas49percentC．ThiscantheoreticallyleadtoimprovedacademicresultsforstudentsD．ManypublicopinionstudieshaveshownteachersfavorsmallerclasssizesE.TheeffectsoflargerclasssizecanstaylongafterthestudentscompletetheireducationF.IncreasingclasssizeisoneofthemostcommonwaysschoolsystemscontroleducationspendingG.TheyespeciallycenteredonthosetryingtomeasureifsmallerclasssizeledtogreateracademicsuccessPassage4（2020·湖北黃州黃岡中學(xué)高三二模）HowtoActiveBrainCellsScientistsusedtothinkthatyourbrainstoppedgrowingnewcellsonceyoureachedadulthood.Happily,currentresearchshowsthatitisn’ttrue!Asyougetolder,youcancontinuetogrownewbraincells.Getregularaerobic(有氧的)exercise.Researchshowsthatregularaerobicexerciseoveralongperiodoftimecanbetterstimulatebraincellgrowththanotherformsofexercise.Addaerobicactivities,suchasswimming,powerwalking,orjogging,intoyourregularroutine1．Dostress-relievingactivities.Activitiesthatreducestressandgiveyouasenseofwellbeingcanencouragethegrowthofnewbraincells.2．Youcandosomeyoga,readyourfavoritebook,orlistentorelaxingmusic.3．Antioxidant-richfoodscanpreventdamagetoyourcurrentbraincellsandpromotethegrowthofnew,healthycells.Omega3fattyacidsmayalsohelpimproveyourbrainhealth.Addplentyofbrain-boostingfoodsintoyourdiet,suchasvegetableoils,nuts,greentea,blueberriesandfattyfish.Maintainanactivesociallife.4．It’salsogoodforyourbrain.Socializinghelpskeepyourbraincellsactive,preventingsomeofthelossofbrainfunction.Ifyoucan’tsocializeinperson,reachouttoyourfriendsoverthephoneoronsocialmedia.Getplentyofgood-qualitylife.Ifyou’reanadult,trytoget7–9hoursofsleepeachnight.Ifyou’reateen,aimfor8–10.Yourbrainhealsitselffromtheday’sstresseswhileyousleep.5．Youcanimproveyoursleepbygoingtobedandwakingupatthesametimeeveryday.A．Spendingtimewithfriendsisn’tjustenjoyable.B．Eatfoodsrichinantioxidantsandomega3fattyacids.C．Anykindofheadinjurymayputyouatriskforbraindamage.D．Trytodothingsthatbringyoupleasureandhelpyourelaxeveryday.E.Forexample,youmightaimfor30minutesofjoggingaday,5daysaweek.F.Fortunately,therearetreatmentsthatcanhelpyourestoreyourbrain’shealth.G.Italsoprocessesinformationyoupickedupduringtheday,helpingyoutolearnandpreservenewmemories.Passage4（2020·山東濱州高三三模）Doyouhavedifficultyfallingasleepatnight?Ifso,hereisapieceofadviceforyou：listentosomesoftmusic.1．.Thisworksforsleepersofallages，andevenforthosewithsleepingproblems.Softmusiccanhelpusfallasleepfaster，wakeuplessduringthenightandfeelmorerestedinthemorning.Youmaynotnoticetheeffectsovernight，though.2．.Whycansoftmusichelpussleepbetter?Thereasonsaren’tclearyet.Itmayhavesomethingtodowiththerelaxingeffectofagoodsong.Musiccanhaverealphysicaleffects，too.Softmusiccanlowerourheartrateandslowdownourbreathing.3．.Scientistssaythatformostpeople，musicthathas70beatsperminuteworksbest.4．.Familiarsongsworkwell，too.Youmayneedtoexperimenttomakeyourownplaylists.Ifyouarenotsurehowmanyheatsasonghasinaminute，.Andremembertogetthevolumeright.5．.Otherwise，youmaybewokenupbythesuddensilence.Itisveryimportanttogetenoughhigh-qualitysleep.Beforeyougotobedtonight，playsomesoftmusic.Then，justpreparetoberockedofftodreamland!A．ThispreparesusforsleepB．MakesurethatthefinalpieceisonethatslowlyfadesoutC．ItwouldtakeasmanyasthreeweekstoseeanyimprovementsD．Therelore，folkmusicissomethingthatanyonecanunderstandE.Classical，jazzandfolkmusicareusuallymoreeffectivethanothermusicalstylesF.ScientistshavefoundthatsoftmusiccanhelptoimprovesleepqualityandquantityG.MusicplaysamoreimportantroleinourlifethanjustbeingasourceofentertainmentPassage5（2020·湖南高三二模）Modernlifeisfullofstress,andstresssymptomsmaybeaffectingyourhealth,eventhoughyoumightnotrealizeit.Whatisimportantisthatwecanrecognizestresssymptomswehaveandmanagethembeforetheymakeusverysick.1．Stressweakenstheimmune(免疫的)system,soyoumayhavecoldsfrequently.Stresscanalsomakeyourbodyproducelessendorphins,whichreducethesensationofpain,andcausedifferentbodyachesallthetime.What'smore,stressaffectssleeppatterns,thuscausingsleepproblemssuchasrestlessness,theinabilitytofallasleepandwakinginthemiddleofthenight.Ofcourse,thereisthepsychologicalfactorinstressthatweakensyourmind.Asaresult,youmayhaveapoormemory,lackconfidenceandoftenfinditdifficulttomakedecisions.2．Ifyoudohavestresssymptoms,takestepstomanageyourstress.Stressmanagementwillhelptobringyoubackintobalance.3．Youcanmaketimeforenjoyableactivitiesoutsideschoolorwork.andsittinginaquietenvironmentnotdoinganythingatallcanalsodecreasestresslevels.4．Youhavetoaskyourselfsomedeeperquestions.Youhavetofindoutwhatcausedthestresssymptomsinthefirstplacesothatyoucanfindeffectivewaystogetthemover.Somesourcesofstress,suchasthedeathofalovedoneoraseriousillness,areunavoidable,andyoucan'tchangethem.5．Acceptancemaybedifficult,butinthelongrun,it'seasierthancomplainingaboutasituationyoucan'tchange.A．Mostimportantly,beawareoftheharmfuleffectsofstress.B．Youmayalsofeelanxiousaboutthethingsyoudo.C．Insuchcases,thebestwaytodealwithstressistoacceptthem.D．Sometimes,however,thisisn'tenough.E.Stressweakensyourbodyinmanyways.F.Youmayhavehealthproblems,suchashighbloodpressureandheartdisease.G.First,trytocutdownontheamountofstressyouhave.Passage6HowtokeepaRelationshipHealthyandStrongAreyounewtoexperiencingrelationships?Well，letmegiveyouadviceonhowtohaveahealthyrelationshipwithyourpartners.1．.Don'thidethingsfromthem，anddon'tlie.Don'tbeafraidtosaythingsthataren'tveryflatteringaboutyourself.Gettingthemtotrustyouisthemostimportantelementinanyrelationship.Ifthere'snotrust，there'snothingthere.Sopleasebehonestandtheywilllearntoopenuptoyou.Makesureyougivethemrespect.Now，respectisn'tjustsimplytreatingthemnicely.Thereisalotmoretoit.Youhavetolearntoadjusttotheirliking.2．.Don'tjustthinkaboutyourself，butthinkaboutwhatyourpartnersneedoutofitaswell.3．.Alwaysbewillingtohelpthemandgivethemhonestyandpositiveatthetime.Makethemfeelyouaresomeonetheycanreallycountonandbuildafuturewith.Thisisanimportantstepinarelationship.Yourpartnerneedsoutofitaswell.Makesureyou'haveagoodsenseofhumorwiththem.Laughteristhekeytohappiness.Laughalotwiththem，andjokewiththem.Laughtermayseemsilly，butit'sthesecrettoalotinlife.Itwillkeepthesparksalive.4．Makesurethecommunicationisgood.Thisgoesalongwithtrust，butalwayscommunicatehowyoufeelevenifit'ssomethingthatupsetsyou.Insteadofscreaming,talktothem.5．.It'simportanttocommunicatethistothem，nottokeepitbottledup.A．Showthemyourpersonality.B．Beanhonestpersonwiththem.C．Makesureyouarereliabletoyourpartners.D．Laughterkeepstherelationshipstrongandlasting.E.Don'tstarttoneglectthemandmakethemfeelunwanted.F.Basically,learntostudyyourpartners’moods,wantsandneeds.G.Iftheydidsomethingthatmadeyouhappy,tellthemaboutitinarespectfulmanner.Passage7（山東青島高三期中）You’regrowingup.Thatmeansyou’reprobablyexperiencinglotsofchanges,allatonce.Yourbodyischanging.Itmightevenseemasifyourentireselfischanging.Itcanbeconfusingandevenscary.1．.Andit’sgood!Growingupmeansthatyoucandomore,learnmore,andstarttomakeyourmarkontheworld.Inorderforthattohappen,yourbodyproduceschemicalscalledhormonesthathelpbothbodyandmindgrow.Hormonelevelschangeconstantly,risingandfalling.2．.Butit’spartlytoblameforintenseemotions,surprisingreactions,andmoodswings.Becauseofthewayyourbraindevelops,itissomewhatruledbyemotionnowandthroughyourteenyears.Asaresult,growingupcanseemlikeanemotionalrollercoaster!3．Takecareofyourself.Ifyoueatright,sleepenough,andgetgoodexercise,yourbrainwillbemuchmoreabletodealwiththestress.34．.Whenyoufeelyourmoodsswingingoryou’reupset,orconfused,somequiettimewillallowyoutogatheryourthoughtsandgetcalmer.Practicerelaxingyourbodyandtakeadeepbreathwhenyouwakeupandwhenyougotobed.5．.Plus,whenstuffhappensduringtheday,you’llbeabletocalmyourselfquicklywithadeepbreathortwobeforeyoureact.Yourbodyischanging.A．Workoutregularlytokeepphysicallyfit.B．Takeatime-out.C．Butthetruthis,ithappenstoeveryteen.D．Itwillhelpyoufallasleepandstartthemorningright.E.Hereareafewthingsyoucandotomaketheridesmoother.F.Thischangingisneededforyourbody’sdevelopment.G.Usually,thesefeelingssettledownwhenyourealizewhatisgoingon.Passage8（2020·山西太原五中高三三模）1．oneofthebestthingsyoucanpossiblydoistostartyouownclub.It’sgreatfunespeciallyifyouarethesortofpersonwhofeelsthere’sneveranythingtododuringtheschoolholidays.Thefirstthingyouneedtocomeupwithisanideaforyourclub.2．pets,clothes,popmusicordancinggroups,sports,makingthings?Thelistisendless.Next,youneedsomefriendstobeinyourclubwithyou.3．a(chǎn)llyouneedisthreeorfourotherpeoplewhoareinterestedinthesamethingasyou.4．youshouldallsitdownsomewheretogetherwithlotsofpiecesofpaperandwritedowneverynameyoucanthinkup.That’llkeepyoubusyforages.Atyourfirstmeetingyoushouldmakeuparulebook.Andthefirstruleshouldbenogrown-upsorlittle/bigbrothersorsisters!Thebestclubsarealwayssecret!Nowyouhavejustabouteverythingyouneed,exceptmembershipcards.Theseareveryimportantandagainyoucanspeedalotoftimemakingthem.5．whynotleavesomespaceforaphotoofyourself?Thatwillmakethemembershipcardreallylooklikeit.Sothereyouare,getclubbing!Onceyougetstarted,you’llthinkofloadsofmoreinterestingthingstodo!A．That’seasyB．Enjoyyourownclub!C．Inviteadesignertojoinyou.D．Whatareyouinterestedin?E.Somevacationisjustaroundthecorner.F.Thenyouneedtopickanameforyourclub.G.Useabrightthickpentomakeaspecialdesign.Passage9（湖北荊門高考模擬）Themoderncompetitivesportofweightliftingoriginatedin19th-centuryEuropeandwasincludedinthefirstmodernOlympicGamesin1896.1．Atthattime,simplecompetitionswereheldtoseewhocouldlifttheheaviestweight.ThefirstworldwideweightliftingchampionshipswereheldinLondonin1891.Atthattime,therewerenofemalecompetitors.Today,theWorldWeightliftingChampionships,organizedbytheInternationalWeightliftingFederation(IWF),areheldeveryyear.2．WeightliftingasanOlympiceventgotofftoanunsmoothstart.Itwasnotheldasaseparateeventinthefirstgamesheldin1896,butasafieldevent.3．ThesportreturnedtotheOlympicsagainin1904,thistimeaspartoftheathleticsprogram.Notuntil1920didweightliftingmakeitsrealOlympiccomeback.The1920OlympicGames,heldinAntwerp,Belgium,markedweightlifting’sdebut（首次露面）asaseparateevent.4．Previously,weightliftersintheOlympicswereallrequiredtocompeteagainsteachother,regardlessoftheirsize.One-handliftingwasdroppedfromthesportin1928.Variousweightliftingexerciseswereaddedandlaterremovedovermanyyearsuntil1972.5．The2000OlympicGamesinSydneysawtheintroduction