高中名詞性從句精講及練習

(圓滿版)高中名詞性從句精講及練習(圓滿版)高中名詞性從句精講及練習(圓滿版)高中名詞性從句精講及練習第一章名性從句在句子中起名作用的句子叫名性從句(NounClauses）。名性從句的功能相當于名,中能擔當主、、表、同位、介等，所以依據它在句中不一樣樣的法功能，名從句又可分稱主從句、從句、表從句和同位從句。一．主從句主從句是在主句中作主的句子，它由接引，平常位于以前。

它在復合句1.：在從句中不充任任何成分，常用的引主從句的有三個，即that,whether和if.Thathegotthefirstprizeexcitedhimmuch.他得一等一事使他特別。Whetheryoucansucceedornotdependsonhowhardyouworkatit.你能否功取決于你努力的程度。注意：whether引的主從句常用置于句首，表示“能否”之意；if引主從句不置于句首。接代：在從句中起名或代的作用，常作從句的主、、表或定，有詳細意且不可以夠省略。常的接代有who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever.Whatweshoulddowiththeproblemisundecided.我怎樣理上未作出決定。接副：在從句中起副的作用，常作從句的狀，表示、地點、原由、方式等。常的接副有when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however等。Howtheywillsolvetheseriousproblemhasnotbeendecided.他將怎樣解決個重的沒有決定。Whyhedidthatwasn’tquiteclear他.什么做那件事不十分清楚。it取代主從句作形式主that從句作主平常用it作形式主，而將that從句置于句末。常的有以下幾種：(1)It＋系＋形容＋that從句Itisquiteclearthatthewholeprojectisdoomedtofailure.很清楚，整個劃注定要失。(2)Itis＋系＋名＋that從句常的用于此構的名有：apity憾，afact事，anhonor光榮，awonder奇景，nowonder怪,goodnews好信息，等。It’snowonderthatyou’veachievedsomuchsuccess怪你已.獲得了這樣大的成功。It’sapitythatyoudidn’tattend你her沒有party參加.她的聚會真是憾。(3)It＋系＋去分＋that從句Itissaidthatnopassengerswereinjuredintheaccident.據在那次不測事故中沒有乘客受。It＋特別＋that從句常用于種構的有：seem看上去，appear得，happen剛巧，matter關系重要，turnout果，occurtosb.某人忽然想起，等。Itseemstomethatheobjectstotheplan.在我看來，他憂如反個劃。IthappenedthatImetanoldfriendonthestreetyesterday.昨天我剛巧在街上遇了一位老朋友。Itoccurredtomethatweshouldgetintouchwiththemanager.我忽然想起我與理系。主從句不可以位于句首的五種狀況：1）if引的主從句不可以居于復合句句首。2）Itissaid/reported?構中的主從句不可以提早。比方：正確表達：ItissaidthatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweek.表達：ThatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweekissaid.（3）Ithappens/occurs?構中的主從句不可以提早。比方：正確表達：Itoccurredtohimthathefailedintheexamination.表達：Thathefailedintheexaminationoccurredtohim.4）Itdoesn’tmatterhow/whether構?中的主從句不可以提早。比方：正確表達：Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.表達：Whetherheiswrongornotdoesn’tmatter.（5）含主從句的復合句是疑句，主從句不可以提早。比方：正確表達：Isitlikelythatitwillrainintheevening?表達：Isthatwillrainintheeveninglikely?二．賓語從句賓語從句就是在復合句中作賓語的名詞性從句，平常放在主句謂語動詞(及物動詞)或介詞今后。作動詞的賓語(1)由that指引的賓語從句(that平常能夠省略)Iheardthatbejoinedthearmy.我聽聞他從軍了。(2)由what,whether(if)指引的賓語從句Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.她不知道發(fā)生了什么。Iwonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme.我想知道你能否能幫我改一下筆錄。動詞＋間接賓語＋賓語從句。Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.她對我說她會接受我的邀請。作介詞的賓語Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.我們的成功取決于我們之間的合作。作形容詞的賓語Iamafraid(that)I’vemadeamistake.我惟恐我已經犯了一個錯誤。注意：that指引的從句常跟在以下形容詞后作賓語：anxious,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,hurt,satisfied,content等。也能夠將此類詞后的that從句的看作原由狀語從句。it能夠作為形式賓語it不只能夠作為形式主語，還能夠夠作為形式賓語而真實的賓語that從句則放在句尾，特別是在帶復合賓語的句子中。Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.我聽聞她下個朋就會成婚了。5.后邊不可以夠直接跟that從句的動詞這種動詞有allow,refuse,let,like,cause,force,admire,condemn,celebrate,dislike,love,help,take,forgive等。這類詞后能夠用不定式或動名詞作賓語，但不可以夠夠用that指引的賓語從句。如：正確表達：Iadmiretheirwinningthematch.錯誤表達：Iadmirethattheywonthematch.6.不可以用that從句作直接賓語的動詞有些動詞不可以用于“動詞＋間接賓語＋that從句“構造中，常有的有envy,order,accuse,refuse,impress,forgive,blame,denounce,advise,congratulate等。比方：正確表達：Heimpressedthemanagerasanhonestman.錯誤表達：Heimpressedthemanagerthathewasanhonestman.否認的轉移若主句謂語動詞為think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等，今后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否認詞轉移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用必定式。比方：Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.我以為這件衣服不合適你穿。復雜的特別疑問句在某些賓語從句中，賓語從句的連結代詞或連結副詞常被移到主句以前，組成特別疑問形式，其組成為：Wh-/Howdoyou+vt.+賓語從句的其余部分?常有的用于此構造的動詞有imagine,except,guess,say等。Whodoyouguesswillbeournewheadmaster?你猜誰會是我們的新校長HowdoyousupposetheywillgotoShanghai?你猜他們會乘坐什么去上海

?

?

think,

believe,consider,suppose,9.賓語從句中指引詞that不可以省略的狀況。(1).介詞except,but,besides,in等后跟that指引的賓語從句時。TheSwedestoodquitestill,exceptthathislipsmovedslightly.那個瑞典人站著一動不動，但是嘴唇還輕輕在動。(2).that指引的賓語從句和主句之間有插入語時。Hesaid,inhisopinion,thatLeiFengwasagoodexampleofservingthepeopleheartandsoul.(3).

他說，在他看來，雷鋒是一個一心一意為人民服務的好典范。有多個that指引的從句時，第一個that能夠省略，而其余的

that

常不省略。Ithink(that)itwillclearupthisafternoonandthattheywillcometosaygoodbyetous.(4).

我以為今日下午會轉晴，他們會來向我們告其余。當when,who,what,where,why,how等指引的從句與I’msurewherehelivesandthatheislivingahappylife.

that指引的從句作主句謂語動詞的并列賓語時。我特別清楚他住在什么地方，并且他生活得很幸福。三.

表語從句表語從句在復合句中作表語的從句，放在be,look,seem等系動詞后。常用見的指引表語從句的連結詞有that,whether,wh-詞，as,asif/though,because等。1.that,whether指引表語從句that,whether指引表語從句時只起連結作用，不作任何成分；that無實義，whether意為“能否”。2.wh-詞和because指引的表語從句。wh-詞包含連結代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever和連結副when,where,why,wherever,whenever等，此類詞大多表示疑問意義，有時表示陳說意義。Because指引的表語從句表示陳說意義。Thequestionishowwecanpersuadehimtogo.問題是我們怎樣才能說服他去。That’sbecausehedidn’tunderstand那是me由于.他不理解我。3.as,asif,asthough指引的表語從句此類表語從句常用跟在特定動詞后邊，如

seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel等。Ifeelasthoughthehouseisshaking.我感覺憂如房屋在晃動。4.reason作主語時的表語從句reason作主語時，其表語從句需用that指引，一般不用why或because指引。Thereasonforthecaraccidentisthatthedriverwasdrunk.此次交通事故是司機酒后駕駛致使的。.同位語從句同位語從句是用以講解說明某一名詞內容的從句。所以它老是跟在某一個名詞的后邊。該名詞被稱作先行詞。同位語從句的連結詞同位語從句的連結詞主要有that,whether,why,who,where,how,when等。在同位語從句中that,whether不作成分，that無實質意義，whether表示“能否”；其余連結詞擁有實義，同時在同位語從句中作必定成分。指引同位語從句的連結詞一般都不省略。Thereportthathewasgoingtoresignwasfalse.他將離職的報導是假的。There’ssomedoubtwhetherJohnwillcomeontime.對約翰能否會準時到還有一些思疑。可跟同位語從句的名詞不是全部的名詞都能夠跟同位語從句，常能夠被同位語從句修飾的名詞有：advice建議belief信念fact事實hope希望idea想法news信息opinion看法order命令promise誓言question問題reply回復report報導thought想法truth事實warning警示Theproblemwhytheearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmerisstillunderdiscussion.地球為何變得愈來愈曖這一問題仍在討論之中。同位語在句子中的地點同位語從句有時能夠不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后邊，而是被其余詞分開。HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.他從瑪麗那里獲知了運動會被推延的信息。同位語從句與定語從句的差別(1)定語從句中的that既取代先行詞，同時以在從句中作某個成分（主語或賓語），而同位語從句中的that是連詞，只起連結主句與從句的作用，不充任句中任何成分。定語從句是形容詞性的，其功能是修飾先行詞，對先行詞加以限制，描繪定的性質或特點；同位語從句是名詞性的，其功能是對名詞進行增補說明。1)ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatTomwouldgoabroadnextyear.（第一個that指引的從句是定語從句，that在從句中作賓語）

（他告訴我的信息是湯姆明年將出國。

）2)ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim.

（湯姆將出國的信息是他講的。

）（同位語從句，

that在句中不作任何成分）名詞性從句練習一.選擇題1._____somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.A.WhetherB.WhatC.ThatD.How2.Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravellingdependslargelyon____hegoeswith,whetherhisfriendsorrelatives.A.whatB.whoC.howD.why3.Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof____mykidswillneedforthecomingseason.A.whyB.whatC.howD.which4.PartofthereasonCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel,DavidCopperfield,was____iswasrathercloselymodeledonhisownlife.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether5.Itneveroccurredtome____youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.if6.Asanewgraduate,hedoesn’tknow____ittakestostartabusinesshere.A.howB.whatC.whenD.which7.Onereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeis____shecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.A.thatB.howC.whatD.why8.Iwanttobelikedandlovedfor____Iaminside.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.how9.-IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.-That’s____Idonree’.Youtagshouldhaveamoreactivelife.A.whereB.howC.whenD.what10.Weshouldrespectfoodandthinkaboutthepeoplewhodon’thave____wehavehereandtreatfoodnicely.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether11.-Haveyoufinishedthebook?-No,I’vereadupto____thechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.A.whichB.whatC.hatD.where12.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew____shewassoangry.A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why13.Whenchanginglanes,adrivershouldusehisturningsignaltoletotherdriversknow____.A.heisenteringwhichlaneB.whichlaneheisenteringC.isheenteringwhichlaneD.whichlaneisheentering14.Wehaven’tdiscussedyet____wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where-It’snousehavingideasonly.-Don’tworry.Petercanshowyou____toturnanideaintoanact.A.howB.whoC.whatD.where16.Theprofessortriedtoshowusthroughhisexperiment______frombookscanbeusedinpractice.A.thatwehavelearnedB.howthatwehavelearnedC.howwhatwehavelearnedD.thathowwehavelearned17.Itleavesmeinnodoubt____scientistswillcomeupwithnewwaystoincreasetheworld’sfoodsupply.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.if18.Itisnolongeraquestionnow____mancanlandonthemoon.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.what19.Severalyearslater,wordcame____Napoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectsoldiers.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.when20.Manyrepresentativeswereinfavorofhisproposalthataspecialcommittee____toinvestigatetheincident.A.weresetupB.wassetupC.besetupD.setup21.Theteacherwarned____wascaught____duringthetestwouldbepunished.A.thatwhoever;cheatingB.thatanyone;beingcheatedC.anyonewho;tocheatD.theperson;tobecheatingTraditionaleducationtaughtpeopletobelieve____beingintelligentmeantrememberinginformati