英國(guó)文學(xué)史第六講：18th+literature+and+APope;Dr+Johnson課件

AlexanderPope

(1688-1744)AlexanderPope

(1688-1744)

ArepresentativeoftheEnlightenment.Thegreatestpoetofhistime.InmanywaysDryden’ssuccessor.ArepresentativeoftheEnlig

PopewasborntoaCatholicfamilyinLondon.Illhealthaccompaniedhimfromcradletograve:physicaldeformity(hunchback,dwarfed,crippled),violentheadaches.Isolatedfromthesociety,readwidely.Wideassociationwithliterarymenofhistime.Friendsandenemiesintheliterarycircle.PopewasborntoaCatholicf

Popewasoneofthe1sttointroducerationalismtoEngland.Popewrotehighlypolishedverse,ofteninadidacticorsatiricalvein.ForPope,thesupremevaluewasorder–cosmicorder,politicalorder,socialorder,aestheticorder,andthisemphasisonorderfoundexpressioninallofhisworks.Popebroughttheheroiccouplettoitsultimateperfection.Popeisamastersatiristandsplendidcraftsmanoftheheroiccouplet.Popewasoneofthe1sttoinPope’schiefworksAnEssayonCriticism1711TheRapeoftheLock1711TheDunciad1728AnEssayonMan1733EpistletoDr.Arbuthnot1735IliadandOdyssey(trs.1720&1726)TheWorksofShakespeare,inSixVolumes1723-25Pope’schiefworksAnEssayonFamousquotesfromPope’sEssay(seep.64)一知半解害人不淺，要么干脆不要問(wèn)津，要么就深入鉆研。能帶來(lái)美感的不是孤立的一片唇一只眼，而是萬(wàn)物的統(tǒng)一和諧。美好的東西必然喚起美好的感受，犯錯(cuò)的是人，寬容的是神。FamousquotesfromPope’sEssa/essay-on-criticism.html

/essaSamuelJohnson(1709-1784)SamuelJohnson(1709-1784)Theauthorofthe1stEnglishdictionarybyanEnglishmanADictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage1755Theauthorofthe1stEnglish

Borntoabook-sellerin1709inRichfield.RichfieldGrammarSchoolfor8yearsasolidfoundationinLatin.Oxforduniversityonanoff1728-1731withoutadegree.1737-1755difficultyforhimto“writeforaliving”.1755publicationofhisdictionary.1762aspecialgovernmentalpensionfreedhimfromtheburdenofwriting.Borntoabook-sellerin1709

Energeticandversatilewriter:tryinghishandinallthedifferentbranchesofliteraryactivities.Hewasapoet,dramatist,proseromancer,biographer,essayist,critic,lexicographerandpublicist.Energeticandversatilewrite

Chiefworks:London(poem)TheVanityofHumanWishes(poem)TheHistoryofRasselas,PrinceofAbyssinia(romance)Irene(tragedy)HundredsessaysinperiodicalsLivesofthePoets(literarycriticism)ADictionaryoftheEnglishLanguageChiefworks:SummarySamuelJohnsonwasthelastgreatneoclassicistenlightenerinthelater18thcentury.Hewasverymuchconcernedwiththethemeofthevanityofhumanwishes:almostallofhismajorwritingsbearthistheme.Hetriedtoawakenmentothisfollyandhopedtocurethemofitthroughhiswritings.LikePope,hewasparticularlyfondofmoralizinganddidacticism.SummarySamuelJohnsonwasthe

Johnson’sstyleistypicallyneoclassical.Hislanguageischaracteristicallygeneral.Hissentencesarelongandwellstructured,interwovenwithparallelwordsandphrases.Histhoughtisalwaysclearlyexpressed.ReadinghisworksgivesthereadertheimpressionthatheistalkingwithaverylearnedmanbecauseofJohnson’suseof“l(fā)earnedwords”.(文言詞)Johnson’sstyleistypicallyJohnson’sdictionaryHeundertookthegigantictasksingle-handedlyandfinishedinover7years.Hisdictionarymettheneoclassicalneedforstandardsandhelpedtostandardizevocabularyandusage.Johnson’sdictionarywassomewhatlargeandveryexpensive.Itspageswere18inches(46

cm)tallandnearly20inches(50

cm)wide.Thepaperwasofthefinestqualityavailable,thecostofwhichrantonearly￡1,600;morethanJohnsonhadbeenpaid(￡1,500)towritethebook.Johnsonhimselfpronouncedthebook"Vastamolesuperbus"("Proudinitsgreatbulk").Nobooksellercouldpossiblyhopetoprintthisbookwithouthelp;outsideafewspecialeditionsoftheBiblenobookofthisheftandsizehadevenbeensettotype.Johnson’sdictionaryHeundert英國(guó)文學(xué)史第六講：18th+literature+and+APope;Dr+Johnson課件

A

DICTIONARY

ofthe

EnglishLanguage:

inwhich

TheWORDSarededucedfromtheirORIGINALS,

and

ILLUSTRATEDintheirDIFFERENTSIGNIFICATIONS

by

EXAMPLESfromthebestWRITERS.

Towhichareprefixed,

AHISTORYoftheLANGUAGE,

andANENGLISHGRAMMAR.

BySAMUELJOHNSON,A.M.

InTWOVolumes

VOL.IA

DICTIONARY

ofthe

EnglishL

AnimportantinnovationofJohnson'swastoillustratethemeaningsofhiswordsbyliteraryquotation,ofwhichtherearearound114,000.TheauthorsmostfrequentlycitedbyJohnsonincludeShakespeare,MiltonandDryden.Forexample:OPULENCE-Wealth;riches;affluence-"Thereinfullopulenceabankerdwelt,

Whoallthejoysandpangsofrichesfelt;

Hissideboardglitter'dwithimagin'dplate,

Andhisproudfancyheldavastestate."

--JonathanSwiftAnimportantinnovationofJo

Unlikemostmodernlexicographers,Johnsonintroducedhumourorprejudiceintoquiteanumberofhisdefinitions.Amongthebestknownare:“Excise:ahatefultaxlevieduponcommoditiesandadjudgednotbythecommonjudgesofpropertybutwretcheshiredbythosetowhomexciseispaid”(消費(fèi)稅）“Lexicographer:awriterofdictionaries;aharmlessdrudge（做苦工的人）

thatbusieshimselfintracingtheoriginalanddetailingthesignificationofwords""Oats:agrainwhichinEnglandisgenerallygiventohorses,butinScotlandsupportsthepeople"Amuchlesswell-knownexampleis:“Monsieur:atermofreproach（責(zé)備）

foraFrenchman”（先生）Unlikemostmodernlexicograp

英國(guó)文學(xué)史第六講：18th+literature+and+APope;Dr+Johnson課件

Inspiteofwhatevershortcomingsitmighthavehad,thedictionarywasfarandawaythebestofitsday,amilestoneinEnglish-languagelexicographytowhichallmoderndictionariesowesomegratitude.Johnson'sdictionarywasstillconsideredauthoritativeuntiltheappearanceoftheOxfordEnglishDictionaryattheendofthenineteenthcentury.InspiteofwhatevershortcomAlexanderPope

(1688-1744)AlexanderPope

(1688-1744)

ArepresentativeoftheEnlightenment.Thegreatestpoetofhistime.InmanywaysDryden’ssuccessor.ArepresentativeoftheEnlig

PopewasborntoaCatholicfamilyinLondon.Illhealthaccompaniedhimfromcradletograve:physicaldeformity(hunchback,dwarfed,crippled),violentheadaches.Isolatedfromthesociety,readwidely.Wideassociationwithliterarymenofhistime.Friendsandenemiesintheliterarycircle.PopewasborntoaCatholicf

Popewasoneofthe1sttointroducerationalismtoEngland.Popewrotehighlypolishedverse,ofteninadidacticorsatiricalvein.ForPope,thesupremevaluewasorder–cosmicorder,politicalorder,socialorder,aestheticorder,andthisemphasisonorderfoundexpressioninallofhisworks.Popebroughttheheroiccouplettoitsultimateperfection.Popeisamastersatiristandsplendidcraftsmanoftheheroiccouplet.Popewasoneofthe1sttoinPope’schiefworksAnEssayonCriticism1711TheRapeoftheLock1711TheDunciad1728AnEssayonMan1733EpistletoDr.Arbuthnot1735IliadandOdyssey(trs.1720&1726)TheWorksofShakespeare,inSixVolumes1723-25Pope’schiefworksAnEssayonFamousquotesfromPope’sEssay(seep.64)一知半解害人不淺，要么干脆不要問(wèn)津，要么就深入鉆研。能帶來(lái)美感的不是孤立的一片唇一只眼，而是萬(wàn)物的統(tǒng)一和諧。美好的東西必然喚起美好的感受，犯錯(cuò)的是人，寬容的是神。FamousquotesfromPope’sEssa/essay-on-criticism.html

/essaSamuelJohnson(1709-1784)SamuelJohnson(1709-1784)Theauthorofthe1stEnglishdictionarybyanEnglishmanADictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage1755Theauthorofthe1stEnglish

Borntoabook-sellerin1709inRichfield.RichfieldGrammarSchoolfor8yearsasolidfoundationinLatin.Oxforduniversityonanoff1728-1731withoutadegree.1737-1755difficultyforhimto“writeforaliving”.1755publicationofhisdictionary.1762aspecialgovernmentalpensionfreedhimfromtheburdenofwriting.Borntoabook-sellerin1709

Energeticandversatilewriter:tryinghishandinallthedifferentbranchesofliteraryactivities.Hewasapoet,dramatist,proseromancer,biographer,essayist,critic,lexicographerandpublicist.Energeticandversatilewrite

Chiefworks:London(poem)TheVanityofHumanWishes(poem)TheHistoryofRasselas,PrinceofAbyssinia(romance)Irene(tragedy)HundredsessaysinperiodicalsLivesofthePoets(literarycriticism)ADictionaryoftheEnglishLanguageChiefworks:SummarySamuelJohnsonwasthelastgreatneoclassicistenlightenerinthelater18thcentury.Hewasverymuchconcernedwiththethemeofthevanityofhumanwishes:almostallofhismajorwritingsbearthistheme.Hetriedtoawakenmentothisfollyandhopedtocurethemofitthroughhiswritings.LikePope,hewasparticularlyfondofmoralizinganddidacticism.SummarySamuelJohnsonwasthe

Johnson’sstyleistypicallyneoclassical.Hislanguageischaracteristicallygeneral.Hissentencesarelongandwellstructured,interwovenwithparallelwordsandphrases.Histhoughtisalwaysclearlyexpressed.ReadinghisworksgivesthereadertheimpressionthatheistalkingwithaverylearnedmanbecauseofJohnson’suseof“l(fā)earnedwords”.(文言詞)Johnson’sstyleistypicallyJohnson’sdictionaryHeundertookthegigantictasksingle-handedlyandfinishedinover7years.Hisdictionarymettheneoclassicalneedforstandardsandhelpedtostandardizevocabularyandusage.Johnson’sdictionarywassomewhatlargeandveryexpensive.Itspageswere18inches(46

cm)tallandnearly20inches(50

cm)wide.Thepaperwasofthefinestqualityavailable,thecostofwhichrantonearly￡1,600;morethanJohnsonhadbeenpaid(￡1,500)towritethebook.Johnsonhimselfpronouncedthebook"Vastamolesuperbus"("Proudinitsgreatbulk").Nobooksellercouldpossiblyhopetoprintthisbookwithouthelp;outsideafewspecialeditionsoftheBiblenobookofthisheftandsizehadevenbeensettotype.Johnson’sdictionaryHeundert英國(guó)文學(xué)史第六講：18th+literature+and+APope;Dr+Johnson課件

A

DICTIONARY

ofthe

EnglishLanguage:

inwhich

TheWORDSarededucedfromtheirORIGINALS,

and

ILLUSTRATEDintheirDIFFERENTSIGNIFICATIONS

by

EXAMPLESfromthebestWRITERS.

Towhichareprefixed,

AHISTORYoftheLANGUAGE,

andANENGLISHGRAMMAR.

BySAMUELJOHNSON,A.M.

InTWOVolumes

VOL.IA

DICTIONARY

ofthe

EnglishL

AnimportantinnovationofJohnson'swastoillustratethemeaningsofhiswordsbyliteraryquotation,ofwhichtherearearound114,000.TheauthorsmostfrequentlycitedbyJohnsonincludeShakespeare,MiltonandDryden.Forexample:OPULENCE-Wealth;riches;affluence-"Thereinfullopulenceabankerdwelt,

Whoallthejoysandpangsofrichesfelt;

Hissideboardglitter'dwithimagin'dp