城市經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)-week14環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)

建CollegeofCivilEngineeringand環(huán)環(huán)境經(jīng)EnvironmentWeek14and16GDPBasicallyGDPdensityismeasuringthetotalamountofeconomicthattakesplaceatdi?erentspotsonour環(huán)境環(huán)境環(huán)境環(huán)（1）空氣污NASA從太空拍攝籠罩下的中? 監(jiān)測(cè)到的PM2.5指分別為480和 環(huán)境環(huán)境環(huán)境的原自己的行為，但并未為此承擔(dān)代價(jià)，即沒有計(jì)入市場(chǎng)交易的成本和價(jià)格中的影消極的外在積極的外在環(huán)境以科斯（RCoase）為代表的現(xiàn)代理論是對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的外部效應(yīng)理論的擴(kuò)展。該理6 部2庫(kù)茲涅茨曲1955年 、諾茨（SimonKuznets）提出了關(guān)于財(cái)富分配問題的“倒‘U’假說”,3環(huán)境庫(kù)茲涅茨曲倒“U”型關(guān)系 明晰（清晰界定的是自由市場(chǎng)的必要條件科斯定交易成 為污染定設(shè)立庇古1命令——控制響具有強(qiáng)制力和約束力針對(duì)不業(yè)特點(diǎn)分別制定有針對(duì)性的措施制定有利于城市環(huán)境管理的規(guī) 排放規(guī)定最低技術(shù)要規(guī)定選規(guī)定某種處 的方談創(chuàng)建可實(shí)施通過教育建立社會(huì)責(zé)3經(jīng)濟(jì)激勵(lì)收稅所得收水平來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的政策排污權(quán)交易（pollu7onrightstrading）是指在一定區(qū)域內(nèi)，在污相劑排污量，從而達(dá)到減少排污量、保護(hù)環(huán)境的目的的環(huán)境規(guī)劃與管理方GreenTheabilityofgreenroofstoreduceruno?volumes,regulatebuildingtemperatures,reduceurbanheatislande?ects,andprovideurbanwildlifehabitatiswellestablishedintheliterature.PermeablepavementsareamongthemostextensivelystudiedandRainwaterRecentdroughtsandthepoten7alimpactsofclimatechangehavegeneratedinterestinrainwaterharves7ngasanapproachtowaterconserva7onaswellasstormwatermanagement.Bioswales(orvegetatedswales)aresimilartoprac7cesbutconveystormwaterwithinashallowResearchassessingthebene?tsoftreesintheurbanindicatethattreesintheurbanenvironmentcane?ec7velymi7gateairpollu7on,reduceruno?quan7ty,andreduceenergyusewhileenhancinghabitatandpropertyvalues.Scien7stshaveexaminednotonlyperformanceanddesign,butwetlandmanagementandevalua7onaswell.GreenGreeninfrastructureanapproachtoimprovingwaterqualityandmaintainingstreamformandfunc7on.GreenGroundwaterManygreeninfrastructureprac7cesmanagestormwaterbyallowingittosoakintothegroundasitwouldinanaturalse[ng.Thisapproachhasthepoten7altorestoregroundwaterrechargerates,butalsohasthepoten7altointroducepollutantsintothesubsurface.就污染防治而言，我國(guó)當(dāng)前主要有八大基本制城市規(guī)劃的評(píng)價(jià)制評(píng)價(jià)簡(jiǎn)稱英文縮寫EIA即EnirnntalIpa nt是設(shè)施后可能造成環(huán)境影響進(jìn)行分析預(yù)測(cè)和評(píng)估提出預(yù)防或者輕不良的對(duì)策和措施進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè)的方法與制度。三同時(shí)制（3)排污制城市環(huán)境綜合整治定量考核制排污證制環(huán)境保護(hù)目標(biāo)責(zé)任城市形態(tài)與城市城市形態(tài)與城市城市環(huán)境與城市形態(tài)（環(huán)境污染下的競(jìng)租曲線城市形態(tài)與城市城市形態(tài)與城