專八歷年真題

1.英譯漢IthoughtthatitwasaSundaymorninginMay;thatitwasEasterSunday,andasyetveryearlyinthemorning.Iwasstanding,asitseemedtome,atthedoorofmyowncottage.Rightbeforemelaytheveryscenewhichcouldreallybecommandedfromthatsituation,butexalted,aswasusual,andsolemnizedbythepowerofdreams.Therewerethesamemountains,andthesamelovelyvalleyattheirfeet;butthemountainswereraisedtomorethanAlpineheight,andtherewasinterspacedfarlargerbetweenthemofsavannahsandforestlawns;thehedgeswererichwithwhiteroses;andnolivingcreaturewastobeseen,exceptingthatinthegreenchurchyardtherewerecattletranquillyreposingupontheverdantgraves，andparticularlyroundaboutthegraveofachildwhomIhadoncetenderlyloved,justasIhadreallyseenthem,alittlebeforesunrise，inthesamesummerwhenthatchilddied.我想那是五月的一個(gè)周日的早晨；那天是復(fù)活節(jié)，一個(gè)大清早上。我站在自家小屋的門口。就在我的面前展現(xiàn)出了那么一番景色，從我那個(gè)位置其實(shí)能夠盡收眼底，可是夢(mèng)里的感覺往往如此，由于夢(mèng)幻的力量，這番景象顯得超凡出塵，一派肅穆氣象。群山形狀相同，其山腳下都有著同樣可愛的山谷；不過群山挺然參天，高于阿爾卑斯峰，諸山相距空曠，豐草如茵，林地開闊，錯(cuò)落其間；樹籬上的白玫瑰娟娟彌望；遠(yuǎn)近看不見任何生物，唯有蒼翠的教堂庭院里，牛群靜靜地臥躺在那片郁郁蔥蔥的墓地歇息，好幾頭圍繞著一個(gè)小孩的墳?zāi)埂Ｎ以鴮?duì)她一腔柔情，那年夏天是在旭日東升的前一刻，那孩子死去了，我如同當(dāng)年那樣望著牛群。2.漢譯英朋友之間，情趣相投、脾氣對(duì)味則合、則交，反之，則離、則絕。朋友之間再熟悉、再親密，也不能隨便過頭、不恭不敬，這樣，默契和平衡將被打破，友好關(guān)系將不復(fù)存在。每個(gè)人都希望擁有自己的一片私密空間，朋友之間過于隨便，就容易侵入這片禁區(qū)，從而引起沖突，造成隔閡。待友不敬，有時(shí)或許只是一件小事，卻可能已埋下了破壞性的種子。維持朋友親密關(guān)系的最好辦法是往來有節(jié)，互不干涉。Fortherelationshipbetweenfriends,similarhabitsandtempershelptomakeitcloser；ontheotherhand,oppositeonesleavedistancefromeachother.Nomatterhowfamiliarandintimatethefriendsare,therelationshipshouldbetreatedcarefullyandrespectshouldbetreasuredforfriends.Otherwise,thepartnershipandbalancewouldbebroken,asaresult,agoodrelationshipwouldnolongerexist.Everyonehasadesireforhisownpersonalspace,whichcouldbeeasilyinvadediftheattitudebetweenfriendsistoofree.Thenconflictsappear,causingbarriers.Althoughitseemsasmallcaseofnotrespectingfriends,harmfulseedsmaybesowedtoruintherelationship.Inaword,thebestwaytokeeppositivefriendshipisassociatingwithtemperatemannersandwithouttoomuchinterference.2009年英譯漢We,thehumanspecies,areconfrontingaplanetaryemergency-athreattothesurvivalofourcivilizationthatisgatheringominousanddestructivepotentialevenaswegatherhere.Butthereishopefulnewsaswellwehavetheabilitytosolvethiscrisisandavoidtheworst-thoughnotall-ofitsconsequences,ifweactboldly,decisivelyandquickly.However,despiteagrowingnumberofhonorableexceptions,toomanyoftheworld'sleadersarestillbestdescribedinthewordsWinstonChurchillappliedtothosewhoignoredAdolfHitler'sthreat:"Theygooninstrangeparadox,decidedonlytobeundecided,resolvedtobeirresolute,adamantfordrift,solidforfluidity,allpowerfultobeimpotent."Sotoday,wedumpedanother70milliontonsofglobal-warmingpollutionintothethinshellofatmospheresurroundingourplanet,asifitwereanopensewer.Andtomorrow,wewilldumpaslightlylargeramount,withthecumulativeconcentrationsnowtrappingmoreandmoreheatfromthesun.我們?nèi)祟?，正面臨全球性的危機(jī)，我們的生存和文明受到威脅。盡管我們聚在一起共商對(duì)策，而災(zāi)難卻在擴(kuò)大，形式不容樂觀。但也有令人欣喜的消息：如果行動(dòng)大膽果斷，反應(yīng)迅速，我們有能力解決這場(chǎng)危機(jī)，避免其向最壞的方向發(fā)展。但是，時(shí)下世界上的許多國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人可以用當(dāng)年溫斯頓？丘吉爾批評(píng)歐洲諸政要忽視阿道夫？希特勒的名言來形容，“它們?cè)谄婀值你Ｕ撝星靶?，僅僅為一個(gè)決定而猶豫不決，有了決心卻拖泥帶水，信心猶疑不定，見解隨波逐流，掌權(quán)者虛弱無力?！倍缃裎覀兿蜻@個(gè)星球脆弱的大氣層傾倒超過七千萬噸溫室氣體，把其當(dāng)作天然排污口。明天我們還會(huì)變本加厲，堆積的溫室氣體吸納了越來越多的太陽熱度。漢譯英手機(jī)改變了人與人之間的關(guān)系。通常有注意到會(huì)議室的門上的告示，寫著“關(guān)閉手機(jī)?！比欢?，會(huì)議室仍然充滿著鈴聲。我們都是普通人，沒有很多重要的事情。但是，我們也不愿輕易關(guān)閉手機(jī)。打開手機(jī)象征著我們與世界的聯(lián)系。手機(jī)反映出我們的社交饑渴。我們經(jīng)常看到，一個(gè)人走著走著，就突然停下來了，眼睛盯著他的手機(jī)，不管他在那里，無論是在道路中心或旁邊有廁所。Cellphonehasalteredhumanrelations.Thereisusuallyanoteonthedoorofconferenceroom,whichreads"closeyourhandset."However,theringsarestillresoundingintheroom.Weareallcommonpeopleandhasfewurgenciestodo.Still,wearereluctanttoturnoffthephone.Cellphonesymbolizesourconnectionwiththeworldandreflectsour"thirstforsocialization."Wearefamiliarwiththescenewhenapersonstopshisstepstoeditshortmessageswitheyesgluedathisphone,disregardofhislocation,whetherinroadcenterorbesiderestroom.2008年英譯漢:But,ashasbeentrueinmanyothercases,whentheywereatlastmarried,themostidealofsituationswasfoundtohavebeenchangedtothemostpractical.insteadofhacingsharedtheiroriginalduties,andasschol-boyswouldsay,goinghalves,theydiscoveredthatthecaresoflifehadbeendoubled.Thisledtosomedistressingmomentsforbothourfriends;theyunderstoodsuddenluthatinsteadofdwellinginheaventheywerestilluponearth,andhadmadethemselvesslavestonewlawsandlimitations.Insteadofbeingfreerandhappierthaneverbefore,theyhadassumednewresponsibilities;theyhadestablishedanewhousehold,andmustfulfillinsomewayoranothertheobligationsofit.Theylookedbackwithaffectiontotheirengagement;theyhadbeenlongingtohaveeachothertothemselves,apartfromtheworld,butitseemedthattheyneverfeltsokeenlythattheywerestillunitsinmodernsociety.本文選自朱厄特的文章〈〈新生活》TheNewLifebySarahJewett參考答案：但是正如其他許多已經(jīng)發(fā)生過的事情一樣，當(dāng)他們最終結(jié)婚后，發(fā)現(xiàn)最憧憬的生活變得再實(shí)際不過了。他們非但沒有分擔(dān)各自原先的責(zé)任一一正如那些學(xué)生們所說"一半一半”，相反卻發(fā)現(xiàn)生活的重?fù)?dān)加倍了。這使得我們那兩個(gè)結(jié)婚的朋友時(shí)常覺得沮喪；他們突然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己并沒有過著天堂般的生活而是仍實(shí)實(shí)在在地生活在地球上，而且成為了新規(guī)則和新約束的奴隸。生活并沒有比以前更自由、更幸福，因?yàn)樗麄円コ袚?dān)新的責(zé)任。既然成立了一個(gè)新的家庭，那就無論如何也要盡一點(diǎn)家庭的義務(wù)。他們深情地回想起訂婚的那段時(shí)光，曾經(jīng)如此地渴望擁有彼此而忘掉這個(gè)世界，然而現(xiàn)在最深切的感受卻是自己仍是這個(gè)世界的一份子。2008年漢譯英：我想，其實(shí)誰都有一個(gè)小小花園，誰都是有苗圃之地的，這便是我們的內(nèi)心世界。人的智力需要開發(fā)，人的內(nèi)心世界也是需要開發(fā)的。人和動(dòng)物的區(qū)別，除了眾所周知的諸多方面，恐怕還在于人有內(nèi)心世界。心不過是人的一個(gè)重要臟器，而內(nèi)心世界是一種景觀，它是由外部世界不斷地作用于內(nèi)心漸漸形成的。每個(gè)人都無比關(guān)注自己及至親至愛之人心臟的健損，以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可終日。但并非每個(gè)人都關(guān)注自己及至親至愛之人的內(nèi)心世界的陰晴。參考答案:Ithinkeveryone,ineffect,hasasmallgardenoraflowerbedofhisown,namely,ourinnerworld.Thereisaneedforhumanbeingstotapintotheirownintelligence,asisthecasewiththeirinnerworld.Whatdistinguishesbetweenhumanbeingsandanimals，apartfromthevariousaspectswhichareuniversallyknown，mayprobablybeinthathumanbeingshaveaninnerworld.Heartisnomorethananimportantorganwhereastheinnerworldconstitutesalandscape，whichgraduallytakesitsshapeunderthecontinuousinfluencefromtheoutsideworld.Sogreatistheimportancethateveryoneattachestothephysicalconditionofhisownheartorthoseofhisclosestanddearestones,thatmerelyaminordiseasewouldenduringlyweighonhismind.參考答案:Besidethispicturewithprofusionsofcolors,agroupofsheeparelowingtheirheads,eatingbytheriverbank.Hardlynoneofthemwouldsparesometimetoraisetheireyestohaveaglanceatthebeautifuldusk.Theyare,perhapstakinguseofeveryminutetoenjoytheirlastchewbeforebeingdrivenhome.ThisisapictureoftheYellowRiverbank,inwhichtheshepherddisappearsandnooneknowswhereheisrestinghimself.Onlythesheep，however，asfreecreaturesarejoyfullyappreciatingthedusk.Theexuberantwaterplantshavenutritedthesheepmakingthemgrowasfatasballs.Whenapproachingnear，youwouldfindtheirlily-whiteteethandavarietyofinnocentfacialimpressions.2007年英譯漢GoodbyeandgoodluckScientificandtechnologicaladvancesareenablingustocomprehendthefurthestreachesofthecosmos,themostbasicconstituentsofmatter,andthemiracleoflife.Atthesametime,today,theactions,andinaction,ofhumanbeingsimperilnotonlylifeontheplanet,buttheverylifeoftheplanet.Globalizationismakingtheworldsmaller,fasterandricher.Still,9/11,avianflu,andIranremindusthatasmaller,fatsterworldisnotnecessarilyasaferworld.Ourworldisburstingwithknowledge-butdesperatelyinneedofwisdom.Now,whensoundbitesaregettingshorter,wheninstantmessagescrowdoutessaysandwhenindividuallivesgrowmorefrenzied,collegegraduatescapableofdeepreflectionarewhatourworldneeds.ForallthesereasonsIbelieved-andIbelieveevenmorestronglytoday-intheuniqueandirreplaceablemissionofuniversities.參考答案：科技進(jìn)步正在使我們能夠探索宇宙的邊陲、物質(zhì)最基本的成分及生命的奇跡。與此同時(shí)，今天，人類所做的及沒能做到的事情，不僅危害到這個(gè)星球上的生命，也危害到該星球的壽命。全球化正在使地球變得愈來愈小、愈來愈快和愈來愈富有。盡管如此，9/11、禽流感及伊朗提醒我們，更小更快的世界決不意味著其更安全。我們正處于一個(gè)知識(shí)爆炸的世界之中，不過，迫切需要智慧?，F(xiàn)在，在（新聞采訪的）原聲摘要播出變得愈來愈短，即時(shí)信息淘汰了雜記文，個(gè)人生活變得如癡如狂之際，這個(gè)世界還是需要能夠深思的大學(xué)生?？紤]到這些理由，我過去信仰，而今天甚至更加強(qiáng)烈地信仰大學(xué)獨(dú)特的、無可取代的使命。漢譯英：暮色中，河灣里落滿云霞，與天際的顏色混合一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水灣。也就在這一幅絢爛的圖畫旁邊，在河灣之畔，一群羊正在低頭覓食。它們幾乎沒有一個(gè)顧得上抬起頭來，看一眼這美麗的黃昏。也許它們要抓緊時(shí)間，在即將回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。這是黃河灘上的一幕。牧羊人不見了，他不知在何處歇息。只有這些美生靈自由自在地享受著這個(gè)黃昏。這兒水草肥美，讓它們長(zhǎng)得肥滾滾的，像些胖娃娃。如果走近了，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們那可愛的神情，潔白的牙齒，那豐富而單純的表情。如果稍稍長(zhǎng)久一點(diǎn)端詳這張張面龐，還會(huì)生出無限的憐憫。參考答案:Besidethispicturewithprofusionsofcolors,agroupofsheeparelowingtheirheads,eatingbytheriverbank.Hardlynoneofthemwouldsparesometimetoraisetheireyestohaveaglanceatthebeautifuldusk.Theyare,perhaps,takinguseofeveryminutetoenjoytheirlastchewbeforebeingdrivenhome.ThisisapictureoftheYellowRiverbank,inwhichtheshepherddisappears,andnooneknowswhereheisrestinghimself.Onlythesheep,however,asfreecreatures,arejoyfullyappreciatingthedusk.Theexuberantwaterplantshavenutritedthesheepmakingthemgrowasfatasballs.Whenapproachingnear，youwouldfindtheirlily-whiteteethandavarietyofinnocentfacialimpressions.2006年英譯漢Ihavenothingtoofferbutblood,toil,tearsandsweat.Wehavebeforeusanordealofthemostgrievouskind.Wehavebeforeusmany,manymonthsofstruggleandsuffering.Youask,whatisouraim?Icananswerinoneword,itisvictory.Victoryatallcostsvictoryinspiteofallterrorsvictory,howeverlongandhardtheroadmaybe,forwithoutvictorythereisnosurvival.Letthatberealized,nosurvivalfortheBritishEmpire,nosurvivalforallthatBritishEmpirehasstoodfor,nosurvivalfortheurge,theimpulseoftheages,thatmankindshallmoreforwardtowardhisgoal.Itakeupmytaskinbuoyancyandhope.Ifeelsurethatourcausewillnotbesufferedtofailamongmen.Ifeelentitledatthisjuncture,atthistime,toclaimtheaidofallandtosay,"Comethen,letusgoforwardtogetherwithourunitedstrength.我能奉獻(xiàn)的唯有熱血、辛勞、淚水和汗水。我們所面臨的將是一場(chǎng)極為殘酷的考驗(yàn)，我們面臨的將是曠日持久的斗爭(zhēng)和苦難。你若問我們的目標(biāo)是什么？我可以用一個(gè)詞來概括，那就是勝利。不惜一切代價(jià)去奪取勝利，不畏懼一切恐怖去奪取勝利，不論前路再長(zhǎng)再苦也要多去勝利，因?yàn)闆]有勝利糾無法生存！我們必須意識(shí)到，沒有勝利就沒有大英帝國(guó)，沒有勝利就沒有大英帝國(guó)所象征的一切，沒有勝利就沒有多少世紀(jì)以來強(qiáng)烈的要求和沖動(dòng)：人類應(yīng)當(dāng)向自己的目標(biāo)邁進(jìn)。此刻，我的精神振奮，滿懷信心地承當(dāng)起自己的人物。我確信，只要我們大家聯(lián)合，我們的事業(yè)就不會(huì)挫敗。此時(shí)此刻千鈞一發(fā)之際，我覺得我有權(quán)要求各方面的支持。我要呼吁：“來吧，讓我們?nèi)翰吲?，并肩邁進(jìn)！”2006C-E:中國(guó)民族自古以來從不把人看作高于一切，在哲學(xué)文藝方面的表現(xiàn)都反映出人在自然界中與萬物占有比例較為恰當(dāng)?shù)牡匚?，而非絕對(duì)統(tǒng)治萬物的主宰。因此我們的苦悶基本上比西方人為少為小：因?yàn)榭鄲灥膹?qiáng)弱原是隨欲望與野心的大小而轉(zhuǎn)移的。農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)的人比工業(yè)社會(huì)的人享受差得多，因此欲望也小的多。何況中國(guó)古代素來以不怠于物不為物役為最主要的人生哲學(xué)。Chinesepeoplehasneverthoughtofhumanbeingasthehighestcreatureamongeverythingsinceancienttimes,whosereflectiontakesaquiteappropriateproportionwithallothersinournaturalworldinbothaspectsofphilosophyandarts,butnotasanabsolutedominantruler.Therefore,ourbitternessanddepressionarebasicallylessthanthoseofwesterners,becausetheintensityofwhichisgrowingwiththeexpansionofone'sdesireandambition.Peopleintheagriculturesocietyenjoyedfarlessthanpeopleintheindustrysociety,thustheirwantsarefarlesseither.Besides,ancientChinesealwaysregard"notconfinedbymaterial，notdrivenbymaterial"asthemajorphilosophy.2005年E-C:Itissimpleenoughtosaythatsincebookshaveclassesfiction,biography,poetry—weshouldseparatethemandtakefromeachwhatitisrightthateachshouldgiveus.Yetfewpeopleaskfrombookswhatbookscangiveus.Mostcommonlywecometobookswithblurred（模糊的，不明確的）anddividedminds（分心）,askingoffictionthatitshallbetrue,ofpoetrythatitshallbefalse,ofbiographythatitshallbeflattering,ofhistorythatitshallenforceourownprejudices.Ifwecouldbanish（消除）allsuchpreconceptions（偏見、成見）whenweread,thatwouldbeanadmirable（絕妙的、極好的）beginning.Donotdictate（口述、發(fā)號(hào)施令）toyourauthor;trytobecomehim.Behisfellowworkerandaccomplice（同謀、合作者）。Ifyouhangback（遲疑、猶豫不決）,andreserve（保留、儲(chǔ)備）andcriticizeatfirst,youarepreventingyourselffromgettingthefullestpossiblevaluefromwhatyouread.Butifyouopenyourmindaswidelyaspossible,thensignsandhintsofalmostimperceptible（覺察不至U的）fineness;（優(yōu)良、出色）,fromthetwistandturnofthefirstsentences（換行的句子）,willbringyouintothepresenceofahumanbeingunlikeanyother.Steep（沉浸、潛心、專心）yourselfinthis,acquaint（使熟知）yourselfwiththis,andsoonyouwillfindthatyourauthorisgivingyou,orattemptingtogiveyou,somethingfarmoredefinite.參考譯文：然而很少有人愿意接受書上的告訴我們的東西。我們通常是帶著一種不明確的不專一的目的去讀書，我們要求小說是真實(shí)的，詩歌應(yīng)該是虛構(gòu)的，傳記應(yīng)該是奉承人的，歷史則應(yīng)該是能加深我們自己的偏見的。如果我們讀書的時(shí)候能夠屏棄這些成見，那將會(huì)是一個(gè)絕妙的開端。不要試圖對(duì)作者發(fā)號(hào)施令，而是要設(shè)身處地把作者的思路，把自己當(dāng)作作者的合作伙伴。假如你開始就猶豫不決，不愿接受作者觀點(diǎn)，甚至對(duì)作者觀點(diǎn)評(píng)頭論足，你就是給自己設(shè)置障礙，使自己不可能最大限度地利用書本。然而，如果你盡量敞開心扉，那么文章開頭就能給你一些暗示，由此一個(gè)與眾不同的人物形象將躍然呈現(xiàn)于你面前。2005C-E:一個(gè)人的生命究竟有多大意義，這有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以衡量嗎？提出一個(gè)絕對(duì)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)當(dāng)然很困難；但是，大體上看一個(gè)人對(duì)待生命的態(tài)度是否嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真，看他對(duì)待工作、生活的態(tài)度如何，也就不難對(duì)這個(gè)人的存在意義做出適當(dāng)?shù)墓烙?jì)了。古來一切有成就的人，都很嚴(yán)肅地對(duì)待自己的生命，當(dāng)他活著一天，總要盡量多工作、多學(xué)習(xí)，不肯虛度年華，不讓時(shí)間白白浪費(fèi)掉。我國(guó)歷代的勞動(dòng)人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。參考譯文：Whatisthesignificanceoflife?Isthereanycriterionforitsmeasurement?Difficultasitistoadvanceanabsoluteone,itwillnotbesotojudgetheverymeaningofone'sexistencegenerallyfromwhetherheisseriousaboutlifeandwhathisattitudesaretowardsworkandlife.

Throughouttheages,allpeopleofaccomplishmenttaketheirlivesseriously.Aslongastheyarealive,theywouldratherdevotethemselvestomoreworkandstudythanletasingleminuteslipbyinvain.Andthesameistrueofthecommonlabourersaswellasthegreatstatesmenandthinkersinourcountry.2004年英譯漢:Formethemostinterestingthingaboutasolitarylife,andminehasbeenthatforthelasttwentyyears,isthatitbecomesincreasinglyrewarding.WhenIcanwakeupandwatchthesunriseovertheocean,asIdomostdays,andknowthatIhaveanentiredayahead,uninterrupted,inwhichtowriteafewpages,takeawalkwithmydog,readandlistentomusic,Iamfloodedwithhappiness.I'mlonelyonlywhenIamovertired,whenIhaveworkedtoolongwithoutabreak,whenfromthetimebeingIfeelemptyandneedfillingup.AndIamlonelysometimeswhenIcomebackhomeafteralecturetrip,whenIhaveseenalotofpeopleandtalkedalot,andamfulltothebrim（邊緣）withexperiencethatneedstobesortedout（材K選、選擇）。Thenforalittlewhilethehousefeelshugeandempty,andIwonderwheremyself（本性、本我）ishiding.Ithastoberecapturedslowlybywateringtheplantsandperhaps,bylookingagainateachone（指代plant植物）asthoughitwereaperson.Ittakesawhile,asIwatchthesurf（水浪）blowingupinfountains（噴泉）,butthemoment（指thelonelymoment）comeswhentheworldsfallsaway,andtheselfemergesagainfromthedeepunconscious（潛意識(shí)）,bringingbackallIhaverecentlyexperiencedtobeexploredandslowlyunderstood.參考答案：只有我在非常疲勞的時(shí)候，在我不斷工作了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以后，在我倍感空虛，需要充實(shí)時(shí)候，我才會(huì)感到寂寞。而有時(shí)候在我結(jié)束巡回演講回家的時(shí)候，在講了很多話后，而且有太多經(jīng)歷需要整理時(shí)，我也會(huì)感到寂寞。于是，有那么一會(huì)兒，我感到房子又大又空，我都不知道我的自我又到哪里去了。這時(shí)，我必須給植物澆水，并挨個(gè)瞅瞅，仿佛他們是有生命的精靈一般，這樣我才能慢慢找到我的那個(gè)自我。很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，我看著水浪從噴泉中噴涌而出。但只有當(dāng)世界在我身邊逐漸消失，當(dāng)我再次從我內(nèi)心深處的無意識(shí)中冒出來時(shí)，帶給我最近的種種經(jīng)歷，讓我探究，讓我慢慢領(lǐng)會(huì)時(shí)，我才會(huì)感到寂寞。當(dāng)我因?yàn)槌掷m(xù)工作太久而感覺疲勞空虛，需要充實(shí)一下的時(shí)候，我會(huì)覺得孤獨(dú)。有時(shí)，我出差做講座，見很多人，說很多話，回來后腦子里很多東西需要理一理，這時(shí)我也會(huì)覺得孤獨(dú)。2004C-E:在人際關(guān)系問題上我們不要太浪漫主義。人是很有趣的，往往在接觸一個(gè)人時(shí)首先開始吃頭盤或冷碟的時(shí)候，吃完了這頓筵席，缺點(diǎn)就都開始吃頭盤或冷碟的時(shí)候，吃完了這頓筵席，缺點(diǎn)就都這是因?yàn)?，第一，開始吃的第二，你初到一個(gè)餐館，開印象很好。吃頭兩個(gè)主菜時(shí)，也是贊不絕口。愈吃愈趨于冷靜，找出來了。于是轉(zhuǎn)喜為怒，轉(zhuǎn)贊美為責(zé)備挑剔，轉(zhuǎn)首肯為搖頭。時(shí)候你正處于饑餓狀態(tài)，而餓了吃糠甜加蜜，飽了吃蜜也不甜。始舉筷時(shí)有新鮮感，新蓋的茅房三天香，這也可以叫做“陌生化效應(yīng)參考譯文：Weshouldnotbetooromanticininterpersonalrelations.Humanbeingsareinterestinginthattheytendtofirstseegoodinanewacquaintance.Thisislikedininginarestaurant.Youwillbenotonlyfavorablyimpressedwiththefirsttwocourses.However,themoreyouhave,themoresoberyoubecomeuntilthedinnerendsupwithalltheflawsexposed.Consequentlyyourjoywouldgivewaytoanger;yourpraisestocriticismorevenfault-finding;andyournoddinginagreementtoshakingthehead.Whataccountsforallthisis,inthefirstplace,youarehungrywhenyoustarttoeat.Asthesayinggoes,"Hungeristhebestsauce”,andviceversa.2003年英譯漢Inhisclassicnovel,"ThePioneers”,JamesFenimoreCooperhashishero,alanddeveloper,withhiscousinonatourofthecityheisbuilding.Hedescribesthebroadstreets,rowsofhousesabustlingmetropolis（大城市，大都市）。Buthiscousinlooksaroundbewildered（困惑、迷惑）。Allsheseesisaforest."Wherearethebeautiesandimprovements（改造的地方）whichyouweretoshowme?”sheasks.He'sastonishedshecan'tseethem."Where!Whyeverywherehereplies.Forthoughtheyarenotyetbuiltonearth,hehasbu