Multicultural Communication -跨文化交際課件

英語5English5Teacher:LiShimeiClass：ClassOne/ClassTwoin

theyear2015Major:Nursing/PharmacyUnit6

MulticulturalCommunication

ContentsReadingIPassageAWorkingSuccessfulWithinCulturalBoundariesAppliedWriting:WithinCulturalBoundariesGrammarFocus:

SubjunctiveMood（II）Self-Assessment

LanguagePoints

WordStudy(1)

challenge

n.somethingnewanddifficultwhichrequiresgreateffortanddetermination挑戰(zhàn)；鞭策；要求；e.gPoverty,togetherwithoverpopulationandenvironmentalpollution,isconsideredthethreemostseriouschallengeshumanityfacesinthe21stcentury.Thisjobistoodull;Iwantonewithmorechallenge.

process

n.aseriesofactionswhicharecarriedoutinordertoachieveaparticularresult

過程；步驟e.g.Thebestsolutioncanonlybefoundbyaprocessoftrialanderror.Educationisalifelongprocess.Syn:proceduren.anactionorsetofactionsnecessaryfordoingsomething過程；步驟e.gWritingacheckisquiteasimpleprocedure.

adaptoneselfto

使自己適應(yīng)…e.g.toadaptoneselftocircumstances/environmentIhaveeasilyadaptedmyselftothenewjob.You’dbetteradaptthebuildingtotheneedsoftheoldpeople.

implement

v.tocarryoutorputintopractice

貫徹；完成e.g.toimplementanidea(plan)/law/systemTheyrequestthatthesepoliciesbeimplementedinthisarea.Syn:executev.tocarryout;toperformordocompletely(anorder,plan,orpieceofwork)執(zhí)行e.gTheplanwasgood,butitwasbadlyexecuted.

operation

n.(astateof)working;thewayathingworks運行；經(jīng)營e.g.thecostofoperationThenewsystemisinfulloperation.present

v.toofferorbring(something)tosomeone’snoticedirectly;putforwardforconsiderationoracceptance呈遞；提交；提出e.g.Thisreportoughttobepresentedingreaterdetailandinclearerlanguage.Overonehundredpaperswerepresentedattheconference.

confidence

n.faith;fulltrust信任e.g.Youhavewonmyconfidence;IknowIcantrustyou.Ihavealotofconfidenceinhim.transform

v.tochangecompletelyinform,appearance,ornature改變，轉(zhuǎn)變e.g.Thesteamenginetransformsheatintopower.Theyclaimedtobeabletotransformthelivesofmillionsofpeople.

alongwith

跟…一塊兒e.g.Therewasabillalongwiththeparcel.Alongwiththousandsofothers,hefledthecountry.Syn:togetherwithaswellas;inadditiontoe.g.Hesenthersomeroses,togetherwithaniceletter.

rescue

v.tosaveorsetfreefromharm,danger,orloss拯救；救出e.g.Herescuedthemanfromdrowning.Heismakingafinalattempttorescuethecompanyfrombankruptcy.Syn:savev.tomakesafefromdanger,harm,ordestruction拯救e.g.Thesurgeonsfoughttosaveherlife.Theyhopedtosavetheirmarriagebyhavinganotherbaby.

alleviate

v.tomake(pain,suffering,anger,etc.)less減輕；緩和e.g.Thiscountryismakinganewattempttoalleviatepovertyinthecountryside.Apatientwhoisdyingofincurablecancerofthethroatisinterriblepain,whichcannolongerbesatisfactorilyalleviated.Syn:lessenv.tomakelessinsize,worth,importance,appearance,etc.減少；減輕；貶低e.g.We’retryingtolessenthedifferencebetweenthecityandthecountrysidegradually.Syn:lightenv.tomakeorbecomelessheavy,forceful,etc.減輕…的負(fù)荷e.g.Theybegantolightentheirproductsinanefforttoincreasesales.

interactive

a.havinganeffectoneachotherorsomethingelse相互作用的，相互影響的e.g.Virtualrealityapplicationsimmersetheuserinacomputer-generatedenvironmentthatsimulatesrealitythroughtheuseofinteractivedevices.Theinteractiverelationshipsthatarisebetweenpopulationsofdifferentspeciesformtheinteractivewebofcommunities.

appreciatev.tounderstandfully;tounderstandandenjoythegoodqualitiesof;tobethankfulorgratefulfor正確評價；心傷；感謝;感激;欣賞；感激；領(lǐng)會；鑒別e.gIdon’tthinkyouappreciatethedangersofthejob.That’sjustbecauseyoucan’tappreciateart.Ireallyappreciatewhatyou’vedoneforme.Note:appreciatetakesV-ingformasitsobject:Ishallappreciatediscussingthismatterwithyouagain.

我愿意再次與你們討論這個問題。Syn:treasurev.tokeepasprecious;regard(apossession)asvaluable珍惜e.gIreallytreasuredthetimewithyouwhenwewereinthemiddleschool.LanguagePoints

1.notestothepassage

(Para.3)Sheneededtoadaptherselftothecultureofhercompany—onlythenwouldshebesuccessfulatherjob.

在某事上取得成功Translation:她需要改變自己來適應(yīng)這個公司的文化氛圍—而且只有這樣她才能干好這個工作。Analysis:Onlythenwould...isaninvertedstructure.Thereasonoftheinversionisthatthesentencebeginswithonlythen.Thelastsentenceinthispassagehasgotthesamestructure“Wemustfirstunderstandandacceptacultureforwhatitis;onlythenwillwebeabletosuccessfullyworkwithinit.”

Inversioncanbefoundwhenthesentencebeginswith:So+a./ad.(+that-clause)orSuch+n.(+that-clause)Sosuddenwastheaccident(that)wehadnotimetoescape.

事故來得非常突然，我們來不及逃跑。Suchwashisstrengththathecouldbendtheironbar.

他力氣大得能把那根鐵棍彎過來。

(Para.3)Whatshedidn’trealizewasthat,ratherthandisagreeingwithherideas,theydisagreedwithhermethodofimplementingthem.Translation:她當(dāng)時沒想到的是，同事們不是反對她的想法，而是不同意她實施這些想法的方法。Analysis:ThissentenceconsistsofasubjectclauseWhatshedidn’trealizeandasubjectcomplimentclausethat....theydisagreed...Inthelatterclause,ratherthanhereisaconjunctionmeaning“insteadof”andusedtointroduceanotherverbalclausewhosegrammaticalformdependsonthepositioninwhichitappears:

AfterthesentenceV:thesameformasthesentenceVerbSheranratherthanwalkedtome.

她向我跑過來而不是走過來。BeforethesentenceV:eithertheV-ingformortheinfinitiveformRatherthanallow(allowing)thevegetablestogobad,wesoldthematlowprice.

我們以低價出售了這些蔬菜，而沒有讓它們爛掉。Moreattentionshouldbepaidtothedifferentmeaningsofthefollowingconfusingphrases,“ratherthan”,“otherthan”(除了，不同于)and“morethan”(超過，不止).

(Para.3)Forexample,insteadofrecognizinghercompany’sstrictchain-of-command,shehadinonecase在一種情況下,有一次takenherplanstraighttothecompanychairman.Translation:比方說，有一次她打破了公司嚴(yán)格的逐級管理的常規(guī)，直接把自己的計劃報到公司董事長那里。Analysis:

Insteadof...isusedinasimilarwayto“ratherthan”inthepreviousitem,buttheformercannottaketheinfinitiveverbform.Example:IfIhadn’tgotacold,I’dbeworkinginsteadoflyinghereinbed.Wewillgothereonfootinsteadofbybus.

(Para.4)Hisrequestwasmetwithanuncomfortablesilence,withnoneofthemanagersdaringtospeakup.Translation:當(dāng)時他請與會者發(fā)表看法時，會上一片沉默，無人敢說出自己的看法，氣氛令人難堪。Analysis:Hereinthissentenceyoucanfindaparticipialabsolutestructureintroducedbywith.ThelogicalS-Visnoneofthemanagers+daringtospeakup.Example:Sheisspeakingexcitedly,withherarmswavingintheair.Theteacherwalkedoutoftheclassroom,withagroupofstudentsfollowinghim.

(Para.4)Soonhequicklydeterminedthathisfirston-the-jobchallengewouldbetobuildupmanagers’confidenceinhim,andthathehadtodothisindividually,notinagroup.Translation:不久他很快作出決定要迎接的第一個工作挑戰(zhàn)是讓經(jīng)理們對他樹立起信心，而且認(rèn)為要做到這一點必須個別地、而不是集體地工作。Analysis:Therearetwocoordinatingobjectthat-clausesinthesentence.Example:We’vedecidedthatwe’llattachgreatimportanceto重視economicgrowthandthatwewilltakeitasourpriorityn.優(yōu)先；優(yōu)先權(quán)tohelpincreasethefarmers’income.

(Para.5)Therefore,itwasn’tuntilafterwehadlearnedtoappreciatethecultureofourwork-placeandearnedtheconfidenceandtrustofourinferiorsthatwewereabletomoveforwardandsuccessfullydoourjob.Translation:由此可見，我們要能向前邁進(jìn)并把工作干好，首先得學(xué)會理解工作單位的文化并贏得下級對自己的信心和信任。Analysis:Thisisanempatheticsentenceframedinthestructureofitwas...thatandtheemphasizedpartisanadverbialclauseintroducedbynotuntilafter(wehadlearnedtoappreciatethecultureofourworkplaceandearnedtheconfidenceandtrustofourinferiors).WhileputintoChinese,thestructure“Itwasn’tuntil...that...”isusuallyversedinto“直到…才”.

Example:It

wasn’tuntilthefoundationofthepeople’sRepublicofChinathatthepeoplereallybecamethemasteroftheland.

Itwasn’tuntilafterwearrivedatthebusstationthatwerealizedwehadforgottentheimportantdocuments.P82—1

Checkingyourunderstanding1.ThegreatestchallengefacingthosewhoreturntoworkinChinafromoverseasisthe_____.c

2.Whydidtheladyinthefirststoryfailintheend____.b3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueaboutthemaninthesecondstory?_____.a4.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.c5.What’sthemainideaofthispasage?____.a

P84--4TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusingthegivenwords.

P84--4

AssignmentLearnthefocalwordsandphrases&usefulpatterns.Reviewallthathaslearnttoday.FinishtherelatedexercisesinUnit5.PreviewUnit6.II.Appliedwriting—

LetterofCongratulation

Notestothepassage(Sample1)Lookingbackonyouractivitiessofar,Iknowthatyourenthusiasmandexperiencearetheveryqualitiesthatareneededforthisposition.Translation:回顧你所從事的事情，我很清楚，你的熱情和經(jīng)驗正是這個職位所要求的。Analysis:Lookingbackonyouractivitiessofarisapresentparticiplephraseactingasadverbialclauseequivalent.Example:Increasingtheavailabilityofhighways,thelocalpeoplewillenjoytheconvenience.

NotesWordStudyappointv.toputinorchooseforaposition,job(orpurpose)任命，委派e.g.Shewasappointedtoteachthechildrensongs.Hewasappointedprofessorintheuniversityforlife.wishsb.everysuccess

祝…萬事如意e.g.Wishyoueverysuccessinyourfuture.Isincerelywishyoueverysuccess.

NotesWordStudyjoinsb.indoingsth.和某人一起做某事e.g.Allthefamilyjoinmeinwishingyouahappynewyear.Hecameuptojoinusindrinkingandchatting.rewardv.togiveareturnforworkorservice報答e.g.Hiseffortswererewardedbysuccess.Shewasrewardedforherkindness.inperson

親自e.g.Willyouapplythepositionbyletterorinperson?Hewillcomeinperson.III.

SubjunctiveMood(II)