全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程3課文原文及翻譯

全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程3課文原文及翻譯全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程3課文原文及翻譯全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程3課文原文及翻譯資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程3課文原文及翻譯版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：unit5WritingThreeThank-YouLettersAlexHaleyservedintheCoastGuardduringWorldWarll.Onanespeciallylonelydaytobeatsea--ThanksgivingDay--hebegantogiveseriousthoughttoaholidaythathasbecome,formanyAmericans,adayofovereatingandwatchingendlessgamesoffootball.HaleydecidedtocelebratethetruemeaningofThanksgivingbywritingthreeveryspecialletters.亞歷克斯·黑利二戰(zhàn)時(shí)在海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)服役。出海在外，時(shí)逢一個(gè)倍感孤寂的日子――感恩節(jié)，他開始認(rèn)真思考起這一節(jié)日的意義。對許多美國人而言，這個(gè)節(jié)日已成為大吃大喝、沒完沒了地看橄欖球比賽的日子。黑利決定寫三封不同尋常的信，以此來紀(jì)念感恩節(jié)的真正意義。WritingThreeThank-YouLettersAlexHaley1Itwas1943,duringWorldWarII,andIwasayoungU.S.coastguardsman.Myship,theUSSMurzim,hadbeenunderwayforseveraldays.Mostofherholdscontainedthousandsofcartonsofcannedordriedfoods.Theotherholdswereloadedwithfive-hundred-poundbombspackeddelicatelyinpaddedracks.OurdestinationwasabigbaseontheislandofTulagiintheSouthPacific.寫三封感謝信亞利克斯·黑利那是在二戰(zhàn)期間的1943年，我是個(gè)年輕的美國海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)隊(duì)員。我們的船，美國軍艦軍市一號已出海多日。多數(shù)船艙裝著成千上萬箱罐裝或風(fēng)干的食品。其余的船艙裝著不少五百磅重的炸彈，都小心翼翼地放在墊過的架子上。我們的目的地是南太平洋圖拉吉島上一個(gè)規(guī)模很大的基地。2IwasoneoftheMurzim'sseveralcooksand,quitethesameasforfolkashore,thisThanksgivingmorninghadseenusbusilypreparingatraditionaldinnerfeaturingroastturkey.我是軍市一號上的一個(gè)廚師，跟岸上的人一樣，那個(gè)感恩節(jié)的上午，我們忙著在準(zhǔn)備一道以烤火雞為主的傳統(tǒng)菜肴。3Well,asanycookknows,it'salotofhardworktocookandserveabigmeal,andcleanupandputeverythingaway.Butfinally,aroundsundown,wefinishedatlast.當(dāng)廚師的都知道，要烹制一頓大餐，擺上桌，再刷洗、收拾干凈，是件辛苦的事。不過，等到太陽快下山時(shí)，我們總算全都收拾停當(dāng)了。4IdecidedfirsttogooutontheMurzim'safterdeckforabreathofopenair.Imademywayoutthere,breathingingreat,deepdraughtswhilewalkingslowlyabout,stillwearingmywhitecook'shat.我想先去后甲板透透氣。我信步走去，一邊深深呼吸著空氣，一邊慢慢地踱著步，頭上仍戴著那頂白色的廚師帽。5IgottothinkingaboutThanksgiving,ofthePilgrims,Indians,wildturkeys,pumpkins,cornonthecob,andtherest.我開始思索起感恩節(jié)這個(gè)節(jié)日來，想著清教徒前輩移民、印第安人、野火雞、南瓜、玉米棒等等。6Yetmymindseemedtobeinquestofsomethingelse--somewaythatIcouldpersonallyapplytothecloseofThanksgiving.Itmusthavetakenmeahalfhourtosensethatmaybesomekeytoananswercouldresultfromreversingtheword"Thanksgiving"--atleastthatsuggestedaverbaldirection,"Givingthanks."可我腦子里似乎還在搜索著別的事什么――某種我能夠賦予這一節(jié)日以個(gè)人意義的方式。大概過了半個(gè)小時(shí)左右我才意識到，問題的關(guān)鍵也許在于把Thanksgiving這個(gè)字前后顛倒一下――那樣一來至少文字好懂了：Givingthanks。7Givingthanks--asinpraying,thankingGod,Ithought.Yes,ofcourse.Certainly.表達(dá)謝意――就如在祈禱時(shí)感謝上帝那樣，我暗想。對啊，是這樣，當(dāng)然是這樣。8Yetmymindcontinuedturningtheideaover.可我腦子里仍一直盤桓著這事。9Afterawhile,likeadawn'sbrightening,afurtheranswerdidcome--thattherewerepeopletothank,peoplewhohaddonesomuchformethatIcouldneverpossiblyrepaythem.TheembarrassingtruthwasI'dalwaysjustacceptedwhatthey'ddone,takenallofitforgranted.NotonetimehadIeverbotheredtoexpresstoanyofthemsomuchasasimple,sincere"Thankyou."過了片刻，如同晨曦初現(xiàn)，一個(gè)更清晰的念頭終于涌現(xiàn)腦際――要感謝他人，那些賜我以諸多恩惠，我根本無以回報(bào)的人們。令我深感不安的實(shí)際情形是，我向來對他們所做的一切受之泰然，認(rèn)為是理所應(yīng)當(dāng)。我一次也沒想過要對他們中的任何一位真心誠意地說一句簡單的謝謝。10Atleastsevenpeoplehadbeenparticularlyandlastinglyhelpfultome.Irealized,swallowinghard,thatabouthalfofthemhadsincedied--sotheywereforeverbeyondanypossibleexpressionofgratitudefromme.ThemoreIthoughtaboutit,themoreashamedIbecame.ThenIpicturedthethreewhowerestillaliveand,withinminutes,Iwasdowninmycabin.至少有七個(gè)人對我有過不同尋常、影響深遠(yuǎn)的幫助。令人難過的是，我意識到，他們中有一半已經(jīng)過世了――因此他們永遠(yuǎn)也無法接受我的謝意了。我越想越感到羞愧。最后我想到了仍健在的三位，幾分鐘后，我就回到了自己的艙房。11Sittingatatablewithwritingpaperandmemoriesofthingseachhaddone,Itriedcomposinggenuinestatementsofheartfeltappreciationandgratitudetomydad,SimonA.Haley,aprofessorattheoldAgriculturalMechanicalNormalCollegeinPineBluff,Arkansas;tomygrandma,CynthiaPalmer,backinourlittlehometownofHenning,Tennessee;andtotheRev.LonualNelson,mygrammarschoolprincipal,retiredandlivinginRipley,sixmilesnorthofHenning.我坐在攤著信紙的桌旁，回想著他們各自對我所做的一切，試圖用真摯的文字表達(dá)我對他們的由衷的感激之情：父親西蒙·A·黑利，阿肯色州派因布拉夫那所古老的農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械師范學(xué)院的教授；住在田納西州小鎮(zhèn)亨寧老家的外祖母辛西婭·帕爾默；以及我的文法學(xué)校校長，退休后住在亨寧以北6英里處的里普利的洛紐爾·納爾遜牧師。12Thetextsofmylettersbegansomethinglike,"Here,thisThanksgivingatsea,Ifindmythoughtsuponhowmuchyouhavedoneforme,butIhaveneverstoppedandsaidtoyouhowmuchIfeeltheneedtothankyou--"AndbrieflyIrecalledforeachofthemspecificactsperformedonmybehalf.我的信是這樣開頭的：“出海在外度過的這個(gè)感恩節(jié)，令我回想起您為我做了那么多事，但我從來沒有對您說過自己是多么想感謝您――”我簡短回憶了各位為我所做的具體事例。13Forinstance,somethinguppermostaboutmyfatherwashowhehadimpresseduponmefromboyhoodtolovebooksandreading.Infact,thisgraduatedintoafamilyhabitofafter-dinnerquizzesatthetableaboutbooksreadmostrecentlyandnewwordslearned.Myloveofbooksneverdiminishedandlaterledmetowardwritingbooksmyself.SomanytimesIhavefeltasadnesswhenexposedtomodernchildrensoimmersedintheelectronicmediathattheyhavelittleornoawarenessofthemarvelousworldtobediscoveredinbooks.例如，我父親的最不同尋常之處在于，從我童年時(shí)代起，他就讓我深深意識到要熱愛書籍、熱愛閱讀。事實(shí)上，這一愛好漸漸變成一種家庭習(xí)慣，晚飯后大家圍在餐桌旁互相考查近日所讀的書以及新學(xué)的單詞。我對書籍的熱愛從未減弱，日后還引導(dǎo)我自己撰文著書。多少次，當(dāng)我看到如今的孩子們?nèi)绱顺撩杂陔娮用襟w時(shí)，我不由深感悲哀，他們很少，或者根本不了解書中所能發(fā)現(xiàn)的神奇世界。14IremindedtheReverendNelsonhoweachmorninghewouldopenourlittlecountrytown'sgrammarschoolwithaprayeroverhisassembledstudents.ItoldhimthatwhateverpositivethingsIhaddonesincehadbeeninfluencedatleastinpartbyhismorningschoolprayers.我跟納爾遜牧師提及他如何每天清晨和集合在一起的學(xué)生做禱告，以此開始鄉(xiāng)村小學(xué)的一天。我告訴他，我后來所做的任何有意義的事，都至少部分地是受了他那些學(xué)校晨禱的影響。15Inthelettertomygrandmother,Iremindedherofadozenwayssheusedtoteachmehowtotellthetruth,toshare,andtobeforgivingandconsiderateofothers.Ithankedherfortheyearsofeatinghergoodcooking,theequalofwhichIhadnotfoundsince.Finally,Ithankedhersimplyforhavingsprinkledmylifewithstardust.在給外祖母的信中，我談到了她用了種種方式教我講真話，教我與人分享，教我寬恕、體諒他人。我感謝她多年來讓我吃到她燒的美味菜肴，離開她后我從來沒吃過那么可口的菜肴。最后，我感謝她，因?yàn)樗谖业纳腥鱿旅烂畹腻谙搿?6BeforeIslept,mythreeletterswentintoourship'sofficemailsack.TheygotmailedwhenwereachedTulagiIsland.睡覺前，我的這三封信都送進(jìn)了船上的郵袋。我們抵達(dá)圖拉吉島后都寄了出去。17Weunloadedcargo,reloadedwithsomethingelse,thenagainweputtoseaintheroutinefamiliartous,andasthedaysbecameweeks,mylittlepersonalexperiencereceded.Sometimes,whenwewereatsea,amailshipwouldrendezvousandbringusmailfromhome,which,ofcourse,weaccordedtopmostpriority.我們卸了貨，又裝了其它物品，隨后我們按熟悉的常規(guī)，再次出海。一天又一天，一星期又一星期，我個(gè)人的經(jīng)歷漸漸淡忘。我們在海上航行時(shí)，有時(shí)會與郵船會合，郵船會帶給我們家信，當(dāng)然這是我們視為最緊要的事情。18Everytimetheship'sloudspeakerrasped,"Attention!Mailcall!"twohundred-oddshipmatescamepoundingupondeckandclusteredaboutthetwoseamen,standingbythosepreciousbulginggraysacks.Theywerealternatelypullingoutfistfulsoflettersandbarkingsuccessivenamesofsailorswhowere,inturn,shoutingback"Here!Here!"amidthepushing.每當(dāng)船上的喇叭響起：“大伙聽好！郵件點(diǎn)名！”200名左右的水兵就會沖上甲板，圍聚在那兩個(gè)站在寶貴的鼓鼓囊囊的灰色郵袋旁的水手周圍。兩人輪流取出一把信，大聲念收信水手的名字，叫到的人從人群當(dāng)中擠出，一邊應(yīng)道：“來了，來了！”19One"mailcall"broughtmeresponsesfromGrandma,Dad,andtheReverendNelson--andmyreadingoftheirlettersleftmenotonlyastonishedbutmorehumbledthanbefore.一次“郵件點(diǎn)名”帶給我外祖母，爸爸，以及納爾遜牧師的回信――我讀了信，既震驚又深感卑微。20RatherthansayingtheywouldforgivethatIhadn'tpreviouslythankedthem,instead,forPete'ssake,theywerethankingme--forhavingremembered,forhavingconsideredtheyhaddoneanythingsoexceptional.他們沒有說他們原諒我以前不曾感謝他們，相反，他們向我致謝，天哪，就因?yàn)槲矣浀?，就因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為他們做了不同尋常的事。21Alwaysthecollegeprofessor,mydadhadcarefullyavoidedanythingheconsideredtoosentimental,soIknewhowmovedhewastowritemethat,afterhavinghelpededucatemanyyoungpeople,henowfeltthathisbestresultsincludedhisownson.身為大學(xué)教授的爸爸向來特別留意不使用任何過于感情化的文字，因此，當(dāng)他對我寫道，在教了許許多多的年輕人之后，他認(rèn)為自己最優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生當(dāng)中也包括自己的兒子時(shí)，我知道他是多么地感動。22TheReverendNelsonwrotethathisdecadesasa"simple,old-fashionedprincipal"hadendedwithschoolsundergoingsuchswiftchangesthathehadretiredinself-doubt."IheardmoreofwhatIhaddonewrongthanwhatIdidright,"hesaid,addingthatmyletterhadbroughthimwelcomereassurancethathiscareerhadbeenappreciated.納爾遜牧師寫道，他那平凡的傳統(tǒng)校長的歲月隨著學(xué)校里發(fā)生的如此迅猛的變化而結(jié)束，他懷著自我懷疑的心態(tài)退了休?！罢f我做得不對的遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于說我做得對的，”他寫道，接著說我的信給他帶來了振奮人心的信心：自己的校長生涯還是有其價(jià)值的。23AglanceatGrandma'sfamiliarhandwritingbroughtbackinaflashmemoriesofstandingalongsideherwhiterockingchair,watchingher"settin'down"somelettertorelatives.Characterbycharacter,Grandmawouldslowlyaccomplishoneword,thenthenext,sothatafinishedpagewouldconsumehours.IweptoverthepagerepresentingmyGrandma'srecenthoursinvestedinexpressingherlovinggratefulnesstome--whomsheusedtodiaper!一看到外祖母那熟悉的筆跡，我頓時(shí)回想起往日站在她的白色搖椅旁看她給親戚寫信的情景。外祖母一個(gè)字母一個(gè)字母地慢慢拼出一個(gè)詞，接著是下一個(gè)詞，因此寫滿一頁要花上幾個(gè)小時(shí)。捧著外祖母最近花費(fèi)不少工夫?qū)ξ冶磉_(dá)了充滿慈愛的謝意，我禁不住流淚――從前是她給我換尿布的呀。24Muchlater,retiredfromtheCoastGuardandtryingtomakealivingasawriter,Ineverforgothowthosethree"thankyou"lettersgavemeaninsightintohowmosthumanbeingsgoaboutlonginginsecretformoreoftheirfellowstoexpressappreciationfortheirefforts.許多年后，我從海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)退役，試著靠寫作為生，我一直不曾忘記那三封“感謝”信是如何使我認(rèn)識到，大凡人都暗自期望著有更多的人對自己的努力表達(dá)謝意。25Now,approachinganotherThanksgiving,IhaveaskedmyselfwhatwillIwishforallwhoarereadingthis,forournation,indeedforourwholeworld--since,quotingagoodandwisefriendofmine,"Intheendwearemightilyandmerelypeople,eachwithsimilarneeds."First,Iwishforus,ofcourse,thesimplecommonsensetoachieveworldpeace,thatbeingparamountfortheverysurvivalofourkind.現(xiàn)在，感恩節(jié)又將來臨，我自問，對此文的讀者，對我們的祖國，事實(shí)上對全世界，我有什么祝愿，因?yàn)?，用一位善良而且又有智慧的朋友的話來說，“我們究其實(shí)都是十分相像的凡人，有著相似的需求?！碑?dāng)然，我首先祝愿大家記住這一簡單的常識：實(shí)現(xiàn)世界和平，這對我們自身的存亡至關(guān)重要。26AndthereissomethingelseIwish--sostronglythatIhavehadthislineprintedacrossthebottomofallmystationery:"Findthegood--andpraiseit."此外我還有別的祝愿――這一祝愿是如此強(qiáng)烈，我將這句話印在我所有的信箋底部：“發(fā)現(xiàn)并褒揚(yáng)各種美好的事物。”Thanksgiving,likeSpringFestival,bringsfamiliesbacktogetherfromacrossthecountry.Waitingforherchildrentoarrive,EllenGoodmanreflectsonthechangingrelationshipbetweenparentsandchildrenastheygrowupandleavehome,oftentosettlefaraway.如同春節(jié)那樣，散居各處的美國人到感恩節(jié)就回家團(tuán)聚。埃倫·古德曼在等待著子女回家的同時(shí)，思索著當(dāng)子女長大離家，常常在遠(yuǎn)方定居之后，父母與子女關(guān)系的不斷變化。WhereIsHome?EllenGoodman1"Thekidsarecominghomefortheholiday."何處是家埃倫·古德曼“孩子們要回家過節(jié)了?！?MyfriendannouncesthisasweswaprecipesandplansforThanksgiving.我們在相互交流著感恩節(jié)的菜單和節(jié)日安排時(shí)，我的朋友鄭重其事地這么說。3Istop;amusedforamomentatthelanguagewenowshare."When,"Iask,"didwebecomethepeoplewhocalltheiradultchildren,'thekids'

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我愣了一下，不由對我倆用詞相同感到有趣。“從什么時(shí)候起，”我問道，“咱們成了把長大成人的子女叫做‘孩子’的人？”4Welaughbrieflyatthepassageoftime,atthoughtsofourownmotherswhostillrefertousas'thegirls,'andthenshepauses.想到時(shí)光流逝，想到我們自己的母親仍把我們叫做“丫頭”，我倆不由得笑出聲來，隨后她止住了笑。5"When,"asksmyoldfriend,"didourkidsbecomethepeoplewhocomehomeonlyatholidays"

Thereisamomentasbittersweetascranberrysauce.“從什么時(shí)候起，”我的老朋友問道，“我們的孩子成了到節(jié)假日才回家的人？”兩人心頭一時(shí)又酸又甜。6(1)Thisistheweekwhenourfriendsbringintheyoungergeneration,eagerlyharvestingthemfrombulgingairports.Wenoisilyarrangechildren,nieces,nephews,cousinsaroundtables,placingthemlikegoodchinathatwetakeoutforspecialoccasions.這個(gè)星期是我們的朋友們將小輩帶回家的時(shí)候，是急切地把子女從人滿為患的機(jī)場接回去的時(shí)候。我們忙亂地安排子女，侄子侄女，堂兄弟表姐妹什么的在餐桌旁一一就坐，就跟擺放在特殊場合才偶爾一用的精美餐具似的。7Theseenergeticoffspringdonotcomeovertheriverandthroughthewoodsanymore.Theystrugglepastcheck-incountersandwrestletheirgearintostuffedoverheadbins.Theymigratebackonairlineswhoseownerspraywiththeiroverbookedheartsthattheweatherwillhold.這些精力旺盛的后輩不再穿林過河而來。他們擠過檢票處，使勁地把行李塞進(jìn)座位上方滿滿的行李箱。他們搭乘著民航客機(jī)飛回家，那些公司心里想著客滿的航班，祈禱著好天氣持續(xù)下去。8(2)ItisatestimonytothejoyfulpulloffamilythatAmericanssaturatedtheairandhighwaysthisweektoreturntotheplacetheynolongerlivebutneverthelesscallhome.Togethomefortheholidays.這個(gè)星期美國人擠滿飛機(jī)和公路，都想回到他們已不再居住，卻仍稱之為家的地方。這證明了家庭具有能給人帶來喜悅的吸引力的一個(gè)明證。回家去過節(jié)。9Yetmyoldfriendhastouched,howeverdelicately,onthatothertruthaboutacountryscatteredovergenerationsandgeography.Wehavegonefromfamilylifeaseveryday,fromknowingeverysockinourchildren'sdrawersandeveryfrownontheirfaces,towelcomingthemhometodesignatedguestrooms.但我的老朋友很微妙地觸及了另外一個(gè)事實(shí)，即這個(gè)國家一代又一代的人散布在天南地北。我們的家庭生活原本平平淡淡，沒有變化，連孩子抽屜里的襪子，他們臉上任何一道不悅神情都一清二楚，現(xiàn)在卻要迎接他們回家，把他們安置在指定的客房里。10Wehavevisitationrightsineachother'slivesnow,saymyfriend,amotherin617wholooksforwardtogreetingthechildrenfrom415and011.Wekeepintouch,wecatchup,wesayhellosandgoodbyes.Butwearestilltryingtolearnhowtocompress"qualitytime"intosmallquantities.我們相互擁有探視權(quán)，我的朋友說。她是位母親，住在電話區(qū)號為617的地方，盼望著迎接分別住在區(qū)號為415和011地區(qū)的子女回家。我們保持聯(lián)系，我們互通信息，我們相互問好，再依依道別。但我們?nèi)栽噲D學(xué)會如何把團(tuán)圓的“美好時(shí)光”壓縮的短些，但相聚的次數(shù)要多些。11Myfriendisnotcomplaining.Neitherofuslongstoreturntothosewonderfulyesterdays.Theneststhatoncefeltemptynowfeelroomy.我的朋友并沒有抱怨。我們誰都無意退回到那美好的往昔。一度顯得空落落的老巢如今顯得寬寬敞敞。12Moretothepointweraisedourchildrentolookoverthehorizons.Wetoldthem,theworldisyours,goforit.Onebyone,theywentforit,to305and215and406.Itis,afterall,theAmericanway.更重要的是，我們把子女養(yǎng)育成人，是要他們眺望遠(yuǎn)方。我們跟他們說，世界是你們的，去擁有這個(gè)世界。他們一個(gè)個(gè)去擁有世界了，有的去了305，有的去了215，有的去了506。畢竟，這就是美國的生活方式。13Soweemailandtravelandaregratefulathowmucheasieritistokeepintouch--atleastvirtualtouch--todaythanwhenourparentswereyoung.Wetakejoyinthe"kids"creatingtheirownlives.于是我們收發(fā)電子郵件，我們旅行，想到如今保持聯(lián)系――至少是虛擬的聯(lián)系――要比我們自己父母年輕時(shí)便捷得多，不由心存感激。我們?yōu)楹⒆觽儎?chuàng)建自己的生活而深感歡欣。14Yetattimesanunpatrioticthoughtcrossesourminds.IsthisAmericanway,thislong-distancefamily,anoddtraditionasuniquetoourpeopleasThanksgiving

然而，偶爾我們腦子里會掠過一個(gè)不那么愛國的念頭。難道這就是美國方式，家庭成員相距如此遙遠(yuǎn)，這種與感恩節(jié)同樣獨(dú)特的不同尋常的國民傳統(tǒng)15Weareanationofmovers,foundedbypeopleonpilgrimages,populatedbythosewhowerewillfullyorforciblyuprooted.Ournationalmythologyisbasedonthelureofkickingoutandstartingfresh.(3)Wemovedwestandwestagainonapromiseofthelastbestplace,whichturnedouttobejustawaystation.我們是一個(gè)遷徙者的國度，由清教徒前輩移民創(chuàng)立，有意或被迫離鄉(xiāng)背井者曾在這里居住。我們的民族神話建立在離開家園，重新開始這一誘惑之上。我們西進(jìn)再西進(jìn)，期待得到最后那片最好的土地，而那卻只是路上一個(gè)小站而已。16EvenRobertFrost'smostfamiliarandmostAmericandefinition--"homeistheplacewhere,whenyouhavetogothere,theyhavetotakeyouin"--hasanothersubtext,Homeisnotwhereyoustay.就連羅伯特·弗羅斯特那最為人所知,最美國化的定義――“家就是那個(gè)當(dāng)你不得不前往時(shí)，他們必須接納你的所在”――也帶有其潛臺詞，家不是羈留之所。17Fromthemiddleoftheagespectrum,myfriendandIhaveseeneldersmovefromhousetocondo,northtosouth,agingsunbirdsstillmigrating.Ontheothersideofthegenerationalsandwichwewatchourchildren'swords.Theyare"cominghome"onTuesdayand"goingbackhome"onSunday.作為中年人，我和朋友見過年長者從獨(dú)立的住宅搬入公寓套間，從北方遷往南方，老了的太陽鳥仍遷徙不已。在一代又一代人的夾層的另一端，我們留意著自己子女的用詞。他們星期二“回家來”，星期天“回家去”。18TodaymanyAmericansfindithardtoanswerthequestion"Whereareyoufrom"DoweallholddualcitizenshipDoesthenationalconcernaboutweakerfamilytiessaylessaboutourfeelingsthanaboutourgeography今天，許多美國人覺得難以回答“你是哪兒人”這個(gè)問題。我們是否都擁有雙重籍貫國民對越發(fā)薄弱的家庭紐帶的關(guān)注難道更著眼于地域，而非我們的情感

19ThesequestionshanglightlyintheNovemberairasweturnthesubjectfromcomingsandgoingsofchildrentotheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofchestnutsinthestuffing.Thisisthetime,afterall,ofcelebratingreunion,notmusingsaboutseparation.這些問題在11月的氣氛中并不顯得重要，我們的話題從子女歸來轉(zhuǎn)到火雞填料里加栗子的好處與缺陷。畢竟這是歡慶團(tuán)圓之時(shí)，不是默想離別痛苦的時(shí)候。20"Thekids"arecominghome.Itisnotthescarcityoffoodthatbringsusbacktothisfulltable.Itiseachother.Andsomewherebetweentheturkeyandpieswesettledowntosavortogetherness.“孩子們”就要回家了。把我們帶回?cái)[滿食物的餐桌旁的，不是食品匱乏，而是我們彼此。在享用火雞與餡餅的間隙，我們定下心來品味團(tuán)圓的溫馨。21(4)OverthisThanksgivingholidayandinthisrestlesscountry,westopandfeastonfamily.在這個(gè)人們流動不停的國度里，整個(gè)感恩節(jié)期間我們始終留在家中享受天倫之樂。unit6TheLastLeafWhenJohnsyfellseriouslyill,sheseemedtolosethewilltohangontolife.Thedoctorheldoutlittlehopeforher.Herfriendsseemedhelpless.Wastherenothingtobedone

約翰西病情嚴(yán)重，她似乎失去了活下去的意志。醫(yī)生對她不抱什么希望。朋友們看來也愛莫能助。難道真的就無可奈何了嗎TheLastLeafO.Henry1Atthetopofathree-storybrickbuilding,SueandJohnsyhadtheirstudio."Johnsy"wasfamiliarforJoanna.OnewasfromMaine;theotherfromCalifornia.TheyhadmetatacafeonEighthStreetandfoundtheirtastesinart,chicorysaladandbishopsleevessomuchintunethatthejointstudioresulted.最后一片葉子歐·亨利在一幢三層磚樓的頂層，蘇和約翰西辟了個(gè)畫室。“約翰西”是喬安娜的昵稱。她們一位來自緬因州，一位來自加利福尼亞。兩人相遇在第八大街的一個(gè)咖啡館，發(fā)現(xiàn)各自在藝術(shù)品味、菊苣色拉，以及燈籠袖等方面趣味相投，于是就有了這個(gè)兩人畫室。2ThatwasinMay.InNovemberacold,unseenstranger,whomthedoctorscalledPneumonia,stalkedaboutthedistrict,touchingonehereandtherewithhisicyfingers.Johnsywasamonghisvictims.Shelay,scarcelymovingonherbed,lookingthroughthesmallwindowattheblanksideofthenextbrickhouse.那是5月里的事。到了11月，一個(gè)醫(yī)生稱之為肺炎的陰森的隱形客闖入了這一地區(qū)，用它冰冷的手指東碰西觸。約翰西也為其所害。她病倒了，躺在床上幾乎一動不動，只能隔著小窗望著隔壁磚房那單調(diào)沉悶的側(cè)墻。3OnemorningthebusydoctorinvitedSueintothehallwaywithabushy,grayeyebrow.一天上午，忙碌的醫(yī)生揚(yáng)了揚(yáng)灰白的濃眉，示意蘇來到過道。4"Shehasonechanceinten,"hesaid."Andthatchanceisforhertowanttolive.Yourlittleladyhasmadeuphermindthatshe'snotgoingtogetwell.Hassheanythingonhermind

“她只有一成希望，”他說?！澳沁€得看她自己是不是想活下去。你這位女朋友已經(jīng)下決心不想好了。她有什么心事嗎？”5"She--shewantedtopainttheBayofNaplessomeday,"saidSue.“她――她想有一天能去畫那不勒斯灣，”蘇說。6"Paint--bosh!Hassheanythingonhermindworththinkingabouttwice--aman,forinstance"

“畫畫？――得了。她有沒有別的事值得她留戀的――比如說，一個(gè)男人？”7"Aman"saidSue."Isamanworth--but,no,doctor;thereisnothingofthekind."“男人？”蘇說?！半y道一個(gè)男人就值得――可是，她沒有啊，大夫，沒有這碼子事。”8"Well,"saidthedoctor."Iwilldoallthatsciencecanaccomplish.ButwhenevermypatientbeginstocountthecarriagesinherfuneralprocessionIsubtract50percentfromthecurativepowerofmedicines."AfterthedoctorhadgoneSuewentintotheworkroomandcried.ThenshemarchedintoJohnsy'sroomwithherdrawingboard,whistlingamerrytune.“好吧，”大夫說。“我會盡一切努力，只要是科學(xué)能做到的?？墒?，但凡病人開始計(jì)算她出殯的行列里有幾輛馬車的時(shí)候，我就要把醫(yī)藥的療效減去一半。”大夫走后，蘇去工作室哭了一場。隨后她攜著畫板大步走進(jìn)約翰西的房間，口里吹著輕快的口哨。9Johnsylay,scarcelymakingamovementunderthebedclothes,withherfacetowardthewindow.Shewaslookingoutandcounting--countingbackward.約翰西躺在被子下幾乎一動不動，臉朝著窗。她望著窗外，數(shù)著數(shù)――倒數(shù)著數(shù)！10"Twelve,"shesaid,andalittlelater"eleven";andthen"ten,"and"nine";andthen"eight"and"seven,"almosttogether.“12，”她數(shù)道，過了一會兒“11”，接著數(shù)“10”和“9”；再數(shù)“8”和“7”，幾乎一口同時(shí)數(shù)下來。11Suelookedoutofthewindow.WhatwastheretocountTherewasonlyabare,drearyyardtobeseen,andtheblanksideofthebrickhousetwentyfeetaway.Anold,oldivyvineclimbedhalfwayupthebrickwall.Thecoldbreathofautumnhadblownawayitsleaves,leavingitalmostbare.蘇朝窗外望去。外面有什么好數(shù)的呢？外面只看到一個(gè)空蕩蕩的沉悶的院子，還有20英尺開外那磚房的側(cè)墻，上面什么也沒有。一棵古老的常青藤爬到半墻高。蕭瑟秋風(fēng)吹落了枝葉，藤上幾乎光禿禿的。12"Six,"saidJohnsy,inalmostawhisper."They'refallingfasternow.Threedaysagotherewerealmostahundred.Itmademyheadachetocountthem.Butnowit'seasy.Theregoesanotherone.Thereareonlyfiveleftnow."“6”，約翰西數(shù)著，聲音幾乎聽不出來。“現(xiàn)在葉子掉落得快多了。三天前差不多還有100片。數(shù)得我頭都疼?？涩F(xiàn)在容易了。又掉了一片。這下子只剩5片了?！?3"Fivewhat,dear"“5片什么，親愛的？”14"Leaves.Ontheivyvine.WhenthelastonefallsImustgo,too.I'veknownthatforthreedays.Didn'tthedoctortellyou"

“葉子。常青藤上的葉子。等最后一片葉子掉了，我也就得走了。三天前我就知道會這樣。大夫沒跟你說嗎？”15"Oh,Ineverheardofsuchnonsense.WhathaveoldivyleavestodowithyourgettingwellDon'tbesosilly.Why,thedoctortoldmethismorningthatyourchancesforgettingwellrealsoonweretentoone!Trytotakesomesoupnow,andletSudiegoandbuyportwineforhersickchild."“噢，我從沒聽說過這種胡說八道。常青藤葉子跟你病好不好有什么關(guān)系？別這么傻。對了，大夫上午跟我說，你的病十有八九就快好了。快喝些湯，讓蘇迪給她生病的孩子去買些波爾圖葡萄酒來?！?6"Youneedn'tgetanymorewine,"saidJohnsy,keepinghereyesfixedoutthewindow."Theregoesanother.No,Idon'twantanysoup.Thatleavesjustfour.Iwanttoseethelastonefallbeforeitgetsdark.ThenI'llgo,too.I'mtiredofwaiting.I'mtiredofthinking.Iwanttoturnloosemyholdoneverything,andgosailingdown,down,justlikeoneofthosepoor,tiredleaves."“你不用再去買酒了，”約翰西說道，兩眼一直盯著窗外?！坝值袅艘黄２?，我不想喝湯。這一下只剩下4片了。我要在天黑前看到最后一片葉子掉落。那時(shí)我也就跟著走了。我都等膩了。也想膩了。我只想撇開一切,飄然而去，就像那邊一片可憐的疲倦的葉子?！?7"Trytosleep,"saidSue."ImustcallBehrmanuptobemymodelfortheoldminer.I'llnotbegoneaminute."“快睡吧，”蘇說?！拔业媒胸悹柭蠘莵斫o我當(dāng)老礦工模特兒。我去去就來?！?8OldBehrmanwasapainterwholivedonthegroundfloorbeneaththem.Hewaspastsixtyandhadalongwhitebeardcurlingdownoverhischest.Despitelookingthepart,Behrmanwasafailureinart.Forfortyyearshehadbeenalwaysabouttopaintamasterpiece,buthadneveryetbegunit.Heearnedalittlebyservingasamodeltothoseyoungartistswhocouldnotpaythepriceofaprofessional.Hedrankgintoexcess,andstilltalkedofhiscomingmasterpiece.Fortheresthewasafiercelittleoldman,whomockedterriblyatsoftnessinanyone,andwhoregardedhimselfasguarddogtothetwoyoungartistsinthestudioabove.老貝爾曼是住在兩人樓下底層的一個(gè)畫家。他已年過六旬，銀白色蜷曲的長髯披掛胸前。貝爾曼看上去挺像藝術(shù)家，但在藝術(shù)上卻沒有什么成就。40年來他一直想創(chuàng)作一幅傳世之作，卻始終沒能動手。他給那些請不起職業(yè)模特的青年畫家當(dāng)模特掙點(diǎn)小錢。他沒節(jié)制地喝酒，談?wù)撝羌磳柺赖牟恍嘀?。要說其他方面，他是個(gè)好斗的小老頭，要是誰表現(xiàn)出一點(diǎn)軟弱，他便大肆嘲笑，并把自己看成是樓上畫室里兩位年輕藝術(shù)家的看護(hù)人。19SuefoundBehrmansmellingstronglyofgininhisdimlylightedstudiobelow.Inonecornerwasablankcanvasonaneaselthathadbeenwaitingtherefortwenty-fiveyearstoreceivethefirstlineofthemasterpiece.ShetoldhimofJohnsy'sfancy,andhowshefearedshewould,indeed,lightandfragileasaleafherself,floataway,whenherslightholdupontheworldgrewweaker.OldBehrman,withhisredeyesplainlystreaming,shoutedhiscontemptforsuchfoolishimaginings.蘇在樓下光線暗淡的畫室里找到了貝爾曼，他滿身酒味刺鼻。屋子一角的畫架上支著一張從未落過筆的畫布，在那兒擱了25年，等著一幅杰作的起筆。蘇把約翰西的怪念頭跟他說了，并說約翰西本身就像一片葉子又瘦又弱，她害怕要是她那本已脆弱的生存意志再軟下去的話，真的會凋零飄落。老貝爾曼雙眼通紅，顯然是淚漣漣的，他大聲叫嚷著說他蔑視這種傻念頭。20"What!"hecried."AretherepeopleintheworldfoolishenoughtodiebecauseleafsdropofffromavineIhaveneverheardofsuchathing.WhydoyouallowsuchsillyideastocomeintothatheadofhersGod!ThisisnotaplaceinwhichonesogoodasMissJohnsyshouldliesick.SomedayIwillpaintamasterpiece,andweshallallgoaway.Yes."“什么！”他嚷道?！笆澜缟暇谷挥羞@么愚蠢的人，因?yàn)闃淙~從藤上掉落就要去死我聽都沒聽說過這等事。你怎么讓這種傻念頭鉆到她那個(gè)怪腦袋里天哪！這不是一個(gè)像約翰西小姐這樣的好姑娘躺倒生病的地方。有朝一日我要畫一幅巨作，那時(shí)候我們就離開這里。真的。”21Johnsywassleepingwhentheywentupstairs.Suepulledtheshadedown,andmotionedBehrmanintotheotherroom.Intheretheypeeredoutthewindowfearfullyattheivyvine.Thentheylookedateachotherforamomentwithoutspeaking.Apersistent,coldrainwasfalling,mingledwithsnow.Behrman,inhisoldblueshirt,tookhisseatasthemineronanupturnedkettleforarock.兩人上了樓，約翰西已經(jīng)睡著了。蘇放下窗簾，示意貝爾曼去另一個(gè)房間。在那兒兩人惶惶不安地凝視著窗外的常青藤。接著兩人面面相覷，啞然無語。外面冷雨夾雪，淅淅瀝瀝。貝爾曼穿著破舊的藍(lán)色襯衣,坐在充當(dāng)?shù)V石的倒置的水壺上，擺出礦工的架勢。22WhenSueawokefromanhour'ssleepthenextmorningshefoundJohnsywithdull,wide-openeyesstaringatthedrawngreenshade.第二天早上，只睡了一個(gè)小時(shí)的蘇醒來看到約翰西睜大著無神的雙眼，凝望著拉下的綠色窗簾。23"Pullitup;Iwanttosee,"sheordered,inawhisper.“把窗簾拉起來；我要看，”她低聲命令道。24WearilySueobeyed.蘇帶著疲倦，遵命拉起窗簾。25But,Lo!afterthebeatingrainandfiercewindthathadenduredthroughthenight,thereyetstoodoutagainstthebrickwalloneivyleaf.Itwasthelastonthevine.Stilldarkgreennearitsstem,butwithitsedgescoloredyellow,ithungbravelyfromabranchsometwentyfeetabovetheground.可是，瞧！經(jīng)過一整夜的急風(fēng)驟雨，竟然還存留一片常青藤葉，背靠磚墻，格外顯目。這是常青藤上的最后一片葉子。近梗部位仍呈暗綠色，但邊緣已經(jīng)泛黃了，它無所畏懼地掛在離地20多英尺高的枝干上。26"Itisthelastone,"saidJohnsy."Ithoughtitwouldsurelyfallduringthenight.Iheardthewind.Itwillfalltoday,andIshalldieatthesametime."“這是最后一片葉子，”約翰西說?！拔乙詾橐估锼隙〞袈涞摹Ｎ彝砩下牭酱箫L(fēng)呼嘯。今天它會掉落的，葉子掉的時(shí)候，也是我死的時(shí)候?！?7Thedayworeaway,andeventhroughthetwilighttheycouldseetheloneivyleafclingingtoitsstemagainstthewall.Andthen,withthecomingofthenightthenorthwindwasagainloosed.白天慢慢過去了，即便在暮色黃昏之中，他們?nèi)阅芸吹侥瞧铝懔愕某Ｇ嗵偃~子，背靠磚墻，緊緊抱住梗莖。爾后，隨著夜幕的降臨，又是北風(fēng)大作。28WhenitwaslightenoughJohnsy,themerciless,commandedthattheshadeberaised.等天色亮起，冷酷無情的約翰西命令將窗簾拉起。29Theivyleafwasstillthere.常青藤葉依然挺在。30Johnsylayforalongtimelookingatit.AndthenshecalledtoSue,whowasstirringherchickensoupoverthegasstove.約翰西躺在那兒，望著它許久許久。接著她大聲呼喚正在煤氣灶上攪雞湯的蘇。31"I'vebeenabadgirl,Sudie,"saidJohnsy."SomethinghasmadethatlastleafstaytheretoshowmehowwickedIwas.Itisasintowanttodie.Youmaybringmealittlesoupnow,andsomemilkwithalittleportinitand--no;bringmeahand-mirrorfirst,andthenpacksomepillowsaboutme,andIwillsitupandwatchyoucook."“我一直像個(gè)不乖的孩子，蘇迪，”約翰西說。“有一種力量讓那最后一片葉子不掉，好讓我看到自己有多壞。想死是一種罪過。你給我喝點(diǎn)湯吧，再來點(diǎn)牛奶，稍放一點(diǎn)波爾圖葡萄酒――不，先給我拿面小鏡子來，弄幾個(gè)枕頭墊在我身邊，我要坐起來看你做菜?！?2Anhourlatershesaid:一個(gè)小時(shí)之后，她說：33"Sudie,somedayIhopetopainttheBayofNaples."“蘇迪，我真想有一天去畫那不勒斯海灣?！?4Thedoctorcameintheafternoon,andSuehadanexcusetogointothehallwayasheleft.下午大夫來了，他走時(shí)蘇找了個(gè)借口跟進(jìn)了過道。35"Evenchances,"saidthedoctor,takingSue'sthin,shakinghandinhis.“現(xiàn)在是勢均力敵，”大夫說著，握了握蘇纖細(xì)顫抖的手。36"Withgoodnursingyou'llwin.AndnowImustseeanothercaseIhavedownstairs.Behrman,hisnameis--somekindofanartist,Ibelieve.Pneumonia,too