21世紀(jì)大學(xué)實用英語綜合教程 第二冊 Unit 7

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔教 案授課單元本（章）授課方式本（）節(jié)教學(xué)

21世紀(jì)大學(xué)實用英語第2冊第7單元課堂講授（√） 實踐課（ ） 教學(xué)時數(shù) 6masterthebasiclanguageandskillsnecessarytofulfillobligations;understandthemainideasofTextA,TextBandTextandmastertheusefulsentencestructuresandwordsexpressionsfoundintheexercisesrelevanttothefirsttwotexts;授 目 3.knowhowtousethesubjunctivemood;標(biāo)課 4.knowhowtowriteapersonalletter;要點 5.understandparagraphdevelopment.教學(xué)重點和難點思考題或作 業(yè)實用文案

backgroundinformation:JeandeLaFontaineandFairy;thePracticeofFulfillingObligations;identifythemainideaofeachparagraph;analyzessomedifficultsentencesandsomelanguagepoints;grammar:subjunctivemoodvocabularystructuretranslation標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔教學(xué)內(nèi)容與組織安排1stperiod TextA(GlobalReading)2nd3rdperiod4thperiod5thperiod6thperiod

TextA(DetailedReading)GrammarReviewPracticalWritingTextBImproveYourReadingSkills1stperiod TextA(GlobalReading)TellyourclassmateswhatyouwoulddointhefollowingsituationsandthenreadAtofindwhatanswerstheauthorgives.實用文案標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔2ndperiod TextA(DetailedQuestionsforunderstandingofdeatailsWhatdoestheauthorthinkMaryshoulddo?Maryshouldsay whatshethinksdirectlytoWhyshouldpeoplebehonestaccordingtotheauthor?Becausehonestymakesthingssimple./Becausehonestyistheeasiestsolution.InsteadofbeinghonestwhentheymakemistakeswhatdopeoplePeopletrytocreatestoriesandexcuses.WhatwillhappentoyouifyouarehonestwithYouwillbenefitintheend.Whatisstrangeabouttheauthor’sfriendwhocametoseehimrecently?Hewouldn’ttelltheauthorhewantedworkthoughhecouldn’tevenpayhisrent.Itisreallynotthatcomplicated…Whycomplicatelife?Byaskingforit.Howdoyoushowrespectbothtoothersandtoyourself?Behonestwithothers.SentenceAnalysis其實這事并不那么復(fù)雜……為什么要把生活復(fù)雜化呢？complicatedWhyshouldwecomplicatelife?Anotheralternative…“Harry,I’vebeenagonizingoverwhattosaytoyou.Ievenaskedmyfriendabouthowtotellyouthis—yousee,Ithinkyou’reaniceguybutIdon’twanttodateyou.”還有一種選擇……“哈里，我一直在發(fā)愁不知該怎么對你說。我甚至問過我的朋友該怎么把這話告訴你——你知道，我認為你這人相當(dāng)不錯，但我不想和你約會?！盿notheralternative后面補充完整是：anotheralternativetowhatyousaythis的同位語是破折號后面的一句話。date是動詞，意為“與…約會”。It’snotthathumanitywillloveyoumoreifyoudon’ttelllies,butthathonesty,withtact,istheeasiestsolution.這倒不是因為如果你不撒謊，人們就會更愛你，而是因為誠實，再帶點技巧，是最容易的解決方法。It’snotthat…butthat…意思為“這并不是（因為）…而是（因為）…”。Youcouldgotogreatlengthstocreatestoriesandexcuses…你可以絞盡腦汁編造謊言和借口……在這里，createstories意為“編造謊言”，stories意為“謊言”。Itisnofuntellingyouthisbutyourproposalsarenowatthecitydump!告訴你這件事絕非趣事，但現(xiàn)在你的提案已在城市垃圾場里了!Isn’titstrangeItreferstothestrangebehavioroftheauthor’sfriend.it指后面一句（Themanwouldn’teventellmethatheneededwork.Meanwhile,hecouldn’tpayhisrent.）的內(nèi)容。theyknowwhereyoustand: 他們了解你的立場Ifiguredhewasonasocialvisit.我猜他就是來看看我。onasocialvisit意為“社交性訪問”。實用文案標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔Hadhesaid,“IlostmyjobandIneedsomework,”Icouldhavehelpedhim.Isn’titstrange?Themanwouldn’teventellmethatheneededwork.Meanwhile,hecouldn’tpayhisrent.HadhesaidIfhehadsaid。Intheliterarystyle,thestructures“wereI/you/heetc.,shouldI/you/he/etc.andhadI/you/he/etc.”areusedinsteadof“ifI/you/he/etc.were,ifI/you/he/etc.shouldandifI/you/he/etc.had.”在較正式的文體里，wereI/you/heetc.,shouldI/you/he/etc.和hadI/you/he/etc.可以替代ifI/you/he/etc.were,ifI/you/he/etc.should和ifI/you/he/etc.had。e.g.Wereshemydaughter,IcouldsuggestseveralstepsIconsidergoodtotake.HadIrealizedwhatyouintended,Iwouldnothavewastedmytimetryingtoexplainmatterstoyou.Shouldyouchangeyourmind,letusknow.Whatdoyousay?=Doyoulikeit?Doyouagreetomysuggestion?你喜歡嗎？你同意我的建議嗎？Also,ifyoudon’tknowsomething,behonestaboutit.還有，如果某件事你不知道，就誠實地說不知道。also在這里是修飾整個句子的副詞，放在句首，后用逗號，表示增加一個相關(guān)事實。WordsandExpressionspayoff:(ofariskypolicy,courseofaction,etc.)bringgoodresult;provesuccessful,rewarding,orworthwhile;work（冒險的政策、做法等）果；取得成功；值得；行得通e.g.Herhardworkpaidoffwhenshegotabigraise.Theirmorecarefulmethodpaidoffintheend.takesb.out:takesb.somewhereforexerciseorrecreation樂e.g.Hermothertookheroutfortheday.Myboyfriendtookmeouttoafancyrestaurantforlunch.havesth./nothing/etc.incommon:havesome/no/erests,beliefs,etc.thatareequallyshared//等e.g.Hehasnothingincommonwithhiswife;forexample,helikestostayatandshelikestogooutandenjoyherself.JaneandIhavemuchincommon.=IhavemuchincommonwithJmon:a.usualorfamiliar;happeningorfoundoftenandinmanyplaces;sharedby,belongingtoordonebytwoormorepeople有的；共同（做）的e.g.CatsarecommonpetsinEngland.Itisquitecommonforhimtotalkinhissleep.agonise/agonize:vi.suffergreatanxietyorworryintensely極度憂慮（或擔(dān)心）e.g.Sheagonizedfordaysaboutwhethersheshouldtakethejob.實用文案標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔Stopagonizingoversomethingyoucandonothingplicated:adj.(ofamachine,thought,actionetc)verydifficulttounderstand復(fù)雜的e.g.TherulesareverycomplicatedandIdoubtifmanypeoplecanunderstandItallsoundsverycomplicated.alternative:n.choiceoftwoormorepossibilities;oneoftwoormorepossibilities兩者（或多者）擇一，取舍，抉擇；供選擇的東西e.g.Wehavetwoalternatives.Hisideaseemedtoofferapossiblealternativetosurgery.date:v.meetregularlywithsb.oftheoppositesex 約會e.g.MaryisdatingMark.Idon’tliketheideaofmydaughterdatingwhenshe’ssoyoung.humanity:n.humanbeingscollectively;thehumanrace;people［總稱］類；人們e.g.Thedeathsofsomanypeopleinthewarwasdescribedasacrimeagainsthumanity.Humanitywasthreatenedbyanotherworldwar.tact:nskillatnotoffendingpeopleoratgaininggoodwillby sayingortherightthing（處事、言談等的）圓通，乖巧，機敏；外交手腕e.g.Helpingpeoplewhohavemarriageproblemsrequiresagreatdealoftactpatience.Iwishyou’dusedalittlemoretactwhenyoutoldherabouthercatdying.solution:n.answertoaproblem,question,difficulty,問題、疑難等的）答；答案；解決辦法e.g.Theyhaveworkedoutaquicksolutionfordealingwiththeproblem.Theywereseekingasolutiontothecity’strafficproblem.Let’ssaylet’ssupposeforexample讓我們假定；比如說e.g.Let’ssaythejourneytakesthreehours,thatmeansyou’llarriveat2o’clock.TakeanyChinesepoet,let’ssayLiBai,andstudythewayhedescribesemotions.insteadof:intheplaceof;insubstitutionfor;ratherthan代替；而不是e.g.Sincehe’sill,I’mgoinginsteadofhim.Insteadofstoppingwhenthepolicemanshouted,heranaway.gotogreatlengths(todosth.):(bepreparedto)doeverythingonecan(tosth.)（為達到目的）不遺余力，竭盡全力；不顧一切e.g.Hewenttogreatlengthstogetaphotoofthequeen.Nowtakegoodcareof thisbook;Iwenttogreatlengthstogetacopyforlength:n.measurementorextentfromendtoend長，長度e.g.Thetableisatleasttwelvefeetinlength.Hemeasuredthelengthandwidthofthetable.Thesefishcanreachalengthofovertwocreatestories:編造謊言。storiese.g.Theboysayshelivesinabighousewithaswimmingpool,butIthinkhe’stellingstories.idiot/5IdI[t/:n.veryfoolishperson;fool白癡；傻瓜，笨蛋，糊涂蟲實用文案標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔e.g.Someidiotleftthetaprunninginthebathroomandthere’swatereverywhere.Youstupididiot—that’samonth’sworkyou’velost!fun:n.amusement,enjoyment;thatwhichcausesamusementormerriment 樂，快樂；有趣的人（或物）e.g.Idon’tseeanyfunoflearningtoplaythepiano.OurEnglishteacherisgreatfunandwealllikeposal:n.actofsuggestingorputtingforward;thingthatissuggested議e.g.Thegovernmentbroughtforwardanewsetofproposalsonhumanrights.e.g.Iwelcometheproposalconcerningtheuseoftheland.dumpn.placewhererubbishmaybeunloadedandleft;rubbish-heap垃圾堆e.g.takewastetothedumptrashn.rubbish;garbage;thingsthatonethrowsaway 廢物；垃圾admirevt.regardwithrespect,warmapproval,delight,etc.欽佩；贊賞；羨慕e.g.Youhavetoadmiretheircourage.Icouldn’thelpbutadmirehisdetermination.whereyoustand:whatisyourattitude你的立場giveittosb.straight:tellsb.sth.(usu.sth.unpleasantorcritical)inacompletelyfrankway對某人直言不諱e.g.Togiveittoyoustraight,Idon’tthinkshe’stherightpersonforthejob.Igaveittohimstraight—Isaid“Look,I’vegotaboyfriendalreadyandI’mnotinterested,allright?!”hangaround:staynearinanidleway;remainidlinginaplace 閑蕩e.g.ThebuswaslatesoIhadtohangaroundthebusstationforawholehour.“Sowhatareyoudoinghere?”“Me,nothing—I’mjusthangingaround.”onasocialvisit:社交性的訪問social:a.oforinsociety;ofordesignedforcompanionshipandrecreation社交的，交際的e.g.IhadsuchagoodsociallifewhenIwasatcollege.MostBritishschoolsorganizesocialeventsforthestudents.Isn’titstrangeItreferstothestrangebehavioroftheauthor’sfriend.it指后面一句（Themanwouldn’teventellmethatheneededwork.Meanwhile,hecouldn’tpayhisrent.）的內(nèi)容。meanwhile/5mi:n(h)waIl/:hetimebetweentwoevents;atthesametime其間；與此同時e.g.Shehidunderthetable—meanwhile,thesoundofbootsonthestairswascomingnearer.ThepartyisonTuesday; meanwhileIhavetoshopandcook.rent/rent/:n.regularpaymentmadefortheuseofsth.,e.g.ahouse,land房租；地租e.g.Howmuchdoyoupayinrenteverymonth?Hecouldn’taffordtherentbyhimself.實用文案標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔fellow:n.［infml］manorboy;chap［口］男人；男孩；小伙子；家伙hasslevt.harass;annoy;bother（不斷）打擾；使煩惱；煩擾e.g.She’llhasslemeuntilIagreetowritetheletterforher.HehassledmesomuchthatIdecidednottoseehimforawhile.fascinating:a.havinggreatattractionorcharmlook/fascinatinge.g.Whatwasfascinatingtomewasthewaytheanimalmoves.charm:n.powerofpleasing,fascinatingorattractingpeople;attractiveness;pleasingorattractingfeatureorquality魅力；引人喜愛的特征；迷人的特征e.g.Hisnaturalcharmmadehimverypopular.awomanofgreatcharmTheideaofbeingafarmerhaslostitscharmformebythistime.charming:a.havingorshowingcharm;delightful 令人高興的e.g.Shelookedsmallandgentleandaltogethercharming.Theyhadacharminglittlecottagebytheriver.exasperating:a.extremelyannoying使人惱怒的；激怒人的e.g.exasperatingdelaysTimeaftertime,herefusedtohelp;it’ssoexasperating.inanutshell:(expresssth.)verysimply,directlyandinafewwordsonly要地（說，概括地（說；簡而言之e.g.“Ishecomingwithus?”“Inanutshell,no.”Well,toputitinanutshell,we’regoingtohavetostartagain.nut/nQt/:n.fruitconsistingofahardshellwithakernelinsideitthatcanbeeaten 堅果shell/Fel/:n.hardoutercoveringofeggs,ofnutkernels,ofsomeseedsandfruits,andofanimalssuchasoysters,snails,crabsandtortoises（蛋、堅果、種子、果實以及牡蠣、蝸牛、蟹、龜?shù)鹊模utshell/5nQtFel/:n.hardcoveringaroundthekernelofanut堅果外殼tactfula.havingorshowingtact圓通的，乖巧的，機敏的e.g.She’sverytactfulwhenshedealswithstudentsandtheirproblems.Itwouldbetactfulnottoaskheraboutherexam.tellitlikeitis:［sl,infml］behonest;tellthetruth說實話；實話實說colleague:n.personwithwhomoneworks,esp.inaprofessionorbusiness 事3rdperiod GrammarReview非真實性條件句(TheSubjunctiveMood)實用文案 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔 構(gòu)成說明表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，if從句的謂語動詞用般過去時，主句的謂語動詞用should,could,might等加動詞原形。

例句IfI herIteIephoneher.句我要是知道她的電話號碼，就會打電話給她了。I thebookifIyou.我要是你的話，就不買這本書。構(gòu)成說明表示與過去事實相反，if從句的謂語動詞用過去完成時，主句的謂語動詞用should,would,could,might等加動詞完成時。

例 句IfI withoutyou,Iaticket.要是沒有你，我決不會弄到一張票的。IfIhadknownhowdifficultthejobwas,I 我當(dāng)時要是知道這項工作有多么困難，我就不會接受它了。構(gòu)成說明表示與將來事實相反if從句的謂語動詞用wereto+V, 主句的謂語動詞用等加動詞原形。

例句Ifshe harder,theexamination.句的。Ifthepolicecatchhe'atleastsevenyearsinprison.如果警察捉住他，他至少要蹲7年監(jiān)獄。實用文案標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔4thperiodPracticalWritingPersonalLetters(2)Thesedays,increasedaccesstothetelephoneande-mailhasresultedinwritingfewerletters,butpeoplestillenjoyreceivingandreadingletters.InformalStyleKnowledgeofappropriatestylesoflanguageisanimportantsocialskillandonethatteacherscanhelpstudentsdevelop.Ifyouarewritingaquicknotetoafriend,youdonotneedtoworrytoomuchaboutusingthecorrectformatortoincludeyouraddress.Givenbelow,however,isthelayoutforapersonal(love)letter.1735StantonAve.Richmond,VA22045May15,2004MyDearCheryl,Lovingyouissoeasy.TherearesomanyreasonswhyIloveyou…Thelittlethingsyoudo,thesimplegesturesyoumake,thefeelingsandthoughtsthatyousharewithme.Iadorethewayyoulook,thewayyoumove,andinfectioussmile.Therearesomanythingstoloveaboutyou!DoyouknowIloveitwhenyoudaydreamandyouthinknooneiswatching?DoyouknowIlovethewayyoureyessparklewhenyoutellafunnystory?DoyouknowthatIlovetheshapeofyourIcouldgoonandon.It’simportanttomethatyouknowthatIloveyou—andhowmuchIloveyou.Sowhateveritisthatyouaredoing,thinkingorsaying,asyougoaboutyour—knowthatIamtherewithyou,lovingyou.MuchLove,Nathan實用文案標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔Friendlylettersdonothavetobeasformalorseriousasbusinessletters,sincenormallytheywillbewrittentopeopleyouknow.Itisstillagoodideatokeepyouraudienceinmind,however—don’tuseslangifyouarewritingtoyourprofessorsorbosses,ortoomanyformalexpressionsifyouarewritingtoaclosefriend.Forexample:DearFudge,Hey,howisitgoinginFlorida?Hopeyou’rehavinggreatweather.Youwouldn’tbelievethesnowywinterwe’vehad!Yuk!Imissgoingtotheparkintheafternoon.So,what’snewwithyou?Areyougoingtotryoutforanyspringsports?Whatnewgamesdidyougetforyourbirthday?Hopeyouenjoyedthegiftwesentyou.Can’twaituntilwecomedowntovisityouatspringbreak.Let’sgotoUniversalStudiosagain.Catchyoulater,ScooterDearUncleAdam,ThanksverymuchfortheCDvoucheryousentmeformybirthday.Iboughtsoundtrackfrom“Titanic”withit,forIreallylovedthemovie.We’vegotaweek-longstudybreakinJune,andMumsaidImightgetmoreworkdoneifIcamedownandstayedwithyou.Shedoesn’twantallmymatestokeepringingmeupandaskingmeout.CouldIcomedownonSaturday(the8th)andstayfortheweek?Youdon’tneedtopickmeupfromthebusstation.I’llgetataxi.Ifthat’scoolwithyou,givemeabuzzthisweekendandI’lltellMumshecanrelax.Seeyousoon(Ihope).Luv,Teri5thperiod TextBQuestionsAboutParagraphsWhydidthewoodcutteralwayswhistlehappily?Becausehebelievedhecouldearnenoughtoraisehischildren.HowwasthewoodcutterworkingoneHehadbeen/wasworkingveryhard.WhathappenedtotheaxewhenthemantrippedoveraTheaxesliddownthebankandintotheriver.Whocametohelphim?ThewaterfairyoftheWhatdidthewaterfairydoaftersheunderstoodhistrouble?Shesankintotherivertopickuphisaxeforhim.WhatdidthewoodcuttersaywhenhesawthesilverandgoldHetoldthewaterfairytheaxeswerenothis.實用文案標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔Whatwasthewoodcutter’sreward?Hisoldaxeaswellasthesilverandgoldaxes.WhydidthewaterfairyrewardBecausehetoldherthetruth.LanguagePointswoodman:n.personwholivesinthewoods,asahunter,woodcutter,etc. 林區(qū)人；伐木人；樵夫retell:vt.tell(astory,etc.)again,inadifferentwayorinadifferentlanguage 講，重述；以不同方式（或語言）復(fù)述e.g.retellthetextGermanfairystoriesretoldinEnglishout:ad.“Out”isusedtoemphasizethedistancethatsomeoneorsomethingisfromatownorcity.out用來強調(diào)遠離城鎮(zhèn)的地方。e.g.Idon’twanttoliveanyfurtherout.Shelivesoutinavillage,tenmilesaway.silent:a.making littleorno sound 寂靜的；無聲的e.g.thesilentdeserttheoldsilentmoviesparkle:vi.shinebrightlywithflashesoflight閃耀；閃爍e.g.Thesunlightsparkledonthesurfaceofthewater.Hereyessparkledasshelaughed.trudge:vi.walkslowlyorwithdifficultybecauseoneistired,etc. 走；疲累（或費力）地走e.g.trudgingslowlybacktotheofficeTogethomefromthestationwehadtotrudgeoneandahalfkilometersoverroughroads.whistle:v.吹口哨e.g.Hewaswhistlingafamiliartune.Icouldhearherwhistlingtoherselfinthekitchen.Hewhistledtohisdogtocomeback.aslongas:onconditionthat;providedthat只要，如果e.g.Aslongasshe’sincontroltherewillalwaysbeproblems.Wewereperfectlywarmaslongasthesunwasshining.IcancomeaslongasIcanleaveat4:30p.m.bread:在這里，bread不取本意，而是指一家人的生計。e.g.Heearnedhisbreadasatopbankerinthecity.Gardeningismybreadandbutteratthepoem:n.pieceofcreativewritinginverse詩fable:n.shortstory,oftenwithanimalsascharacters,thatconveysamoral 寓言woodcutter:n.personwhocutsdowntreesasanoccupation 伐木人；樵夫Fontaine讓·德·拉封丹（1621—169512聞名于世）實用文案標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔Aesop伊索（6）chip:n.thinpiececutorbrokenofffromwood,stone,glass,etc.（璃等上削或碰下的）屑皮；碎片實用文案標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔e.g.Woodchipsfleweverywhere.potatochipswoodchopper:n.personwhochopswood,esp.onewhofellstrees 伐木者；砍柴人，樵夫ringing:Here“ringing”isusedtodescribethesoundofchopping.Theringingaxeactuallymeansthesoundoftheaxechopping.在本句中，ringingaxe頭砍伐發(fā)出響聲。echon.reflectionandrepetitionofasoundfromawallorinsideanenclosedspace回聲e.g.Thebatinstinctivelycomparesthesoundofitscrywiththesoundofthereturningecho.Theechoslowlydiedaway.vi.(ofsounds)berepeatedasanecho;(ofplaces)repeatasoun（聲音（方）發(fā)出回聲，產(chǎn)生回響e.g.ThesoundechoedthroughthetallemptyTheirvoicesechoedbackacrossthewater.youmighthavethought…人們會以為…… Here“you”meanspeopleingeneral.在這里，you泛指“人們”。e.g.Youlearnfromexperience.Youmeetalotofpeoplethroughwork.dozen:n.setoftwelve（一）打，十二個e.g.I’llhaveadozeneggs.eggssoldbythedozenatwork:workingorengagedinwork在工作；在干活，在勞動e.g.Shewasn’tatworktoday.She’shardatworkonanotherbook.byandby:beforelong;afterawhile不久；過一會兒e.g.He’snotreadyyet,butdon’tworry,he’llbeherebyandby.Byandbywearrivedatalargebuildingonacorner.awhile:ad.forashorttime一會兒；片刻e.g.Hewaitedawhile.I’dliketorestawhilebeforewecontinuewalking.tripover:catchone’sfooton(andfall)被…絆了一下；被…絆倒e.g.Shetrippedovertheedgeofthecarpet.Don’tleavetoysonstairswheresomeonecouldtripandfall.slide:(slid/slId/)v.(causesth.to)movesmoothlyalonganeven,polishedslipperysurface（使某物）（使）滑行e.g.TearsslidslowlydownhispaleThedrawersslideinandouteasily.Sheslidthekidintothecarseat.Workersslidboxesacrossthefloor.forest:n.largeareaoflandthicklycoveredwithtrees,bushes,etc. 森林axe:n.toolwithahandleandaheavymetalbladeusedforchoppingcuttingdowntrees,etc. 斧；斧子gaze:vi.looklongandsteadilyorfixedly(atsb./sth.),usu.insurpriseor實用文案標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔admiration 盯著看；凝視e.g.ShesatgazingoutoftheShegazedadmiringlyupathim.fairy:n.smallimaginarybeingwithmagicalpowers 仙子；小精靈stream:n.smallriverorlargebrook小河；溪流surface:n.outsideofanobject;topofabodyofliquid表面；水面e.g.theglassysurfaceofthewaterTheringslowlysankbeneaththesurfaceoftheswimmingpool.Onthesurfacehiswordswerefunny,butIsensedalotofangerbehindthem.sorrow:n.feelingofsadnessordistresscausedesp.byloss,disappointmentorregret;grief;particularcauseforthisfeeling;misfortune心；悲傷的原因；傷心事，不幸的事e.g.Ifeltnosorrowforher.hideone’ssorrowTohisgreatsorrowhecouldnotrememberhishissorrowathavingtoleavetheschooltearsofsorrowatimeofatonce:withoutdelay;immediately立刻；馬上e.g.Grace,whosemindisalwaysfreefromcare,fellasleepatComehereatonce.sink:(sank,sunk)vi.godownunderthesurfaceofaliquidorsoftsubstance 下沉；沉沒e.g.Wewatchedtheboatsinkbeneaththewaves.Ourfeetsankdeepintothesoftsandaswewalked.beneath:prep.inortoalowerpositionthan;under 下方，往…下面e.g.thewetgrassbeneathherfeetShequicklyhidthebookbeneaththecushions.Beneaththatcalmappearanceofhersisalotofreappear:vi.appearagain(afterbeingabsentornotvisible)再出現(xiàn)e.g.Thatcouplelefttheneighborhood,thenreappearedayearTheproblemskeepreappearing.bemadeof:由…制成e.g.Theearringsaremadeofgold.steel:n.stronghardalloyofironandcarbon,muchusedformakingvehicles,tools,knives,machinery,etc.鋼shake:(shook/FJk/,shaken/5FeIk[n/) vt.cause(sb./sth.)tomovefromsidetosideorupanddown 搖，搖動shakeone’shead:turnone’sheadfromsidetosideasawayofindicating“no”,ortoexpressdoubt,sorrow,disapproval,etc.搖頭（表示否定、懷疑、悲傷、不贊成等）e.g.WhenIaskedmydadifIcouldborrowhiscar,hejustshookhishead.Joannashookherheadatherson’sbadbehaviour.silver:n.chemicalelement,ashinywhitepreciousmetalusedforornaments,實用文案標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔jewelry,coins,utensils,etc.銀，白銀missing:a.thatcannotbefoundorthatisnotinitsusualplace;lost缺掉的，缺少的；失蹤的e.g.abookwithsomepagesmissingThreebuttonsweremissingfromhisshirt.FourchildrenweremissingfromclassNotesontheTextOnceuponatime,outinthegreen,silentwoodsneararushingriverthatandsparkledasithurriedalong,therelivedapoorwoodcutterwhoworkedhardtomakealivingforhisfamily.Onceuponatime常用于童話開頭。out用來強調(diào)遠離城鎮(zhèn)的地方。Healwayswhistledhappi