安徽省部分名校2019-2020學(xué)年上學(xué)期高二英語期中試題精選匯編：閱讀理解專題（含解析）

安徽省部分名校2019-2020學(xué)年上學(xué)期高二英語期中試題精選匯編閱讀理解專題安徽省黃山市屯溪第一中學(xué)2019-2020學(xué)年高二英語上學(xué)期期中試題第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AChesterisoneofthebestcitiesintheUK.AssoonasyouarriveinChesteryouwillappreciatethecity’suniqueatmosphereandsenseofhistory.FoundedbytheRomansover2,000yearsago,muchoftheRomaninfluenceremainsandChester’scitywallsarethemostcompleteinBritain.Combinedwithhistoryandheritage(遺產(chǎn)),Chesterisadynamiccityfullofbars,pubs,clubs,hotelsandrestaurantsforyoutodiscover,temptingyoutovisitagainandagain.TravellingtoChester?Chesteriseasilyaccessiblebymanymeansoftransport—whetheryouaretravellingbyrail,car,busorplane.PleasecheckourrouteplannerbelowtohelpyouplanyourjourneytoChester.Onceyouarriveinthecitytherearenumerouscarparks;however,duringrushhourstheeasiestwaytotravelinChestercitycentreisviaparkandridefacilities,whichareparkinglotswithpublictransportation.Hotels?Frombed&breakfaststotheluxuryofChester’sonlyfivestarhotel,Chesterhasallcovered.Whetheryourtripisforbusinessorpleasureyourroomisjustaclickaway!SightseeingandTours?OneofthebestwaystoseeChesterisbyaguidedtourandyouhaveavarietytochoosefrom.Whetheryouchoosethetraditionalguidedwalk,tobeguidedaroundChester’shistoricallandmarksbybusortotakeaboatdowntheRiverDee,youwillsureenjoythedelightsofChester.1.WhatcanweknowaboutChesterfromthefirstparagraph?A.Itisanewlybuiltcity.B.ItisthebestcityintheUK.C.Itisrichinthedeepcultureandmoderntouch.D.ManyofitscitywallswerecompletedbyBritishpeople.2.WhatisthemostconvenientwaytogetaroundChestercitycentreduringrushhours?A.Bybus. B.Bybicycle.C.Byrail. D.Bytaxi.3.WhathadyoubetterdotohaveabetterunderstandingofChester?A.Chooseabustour. B.Joinaguidedtour.C.Takeatraditionalwalk. D.Swimdowntheriver.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。切斯特是英國著名的歷史名都，蘊藏著豐富的歷史瑰寶，同時也富有現(xiàn)代氣息，能讓游客大飽眼福?！?題詳解】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Combinedwithhistoryandheritage(遺產(chǎn)),Chesterisadynamiccityfullofbars,pubs,clubs,hotelsandrestaurantsforyoutodiscover,temptingyoutovisitagainandagain"可推知，切斯特歷史文化底蘊深厚，同時又富含現(xiàn)代氣息，故答案為C。【2題詳解】考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"duringrushhourstheeasiestwaytotravelinChestercitycentreisviaparkandridefacilities,whichareparkinglotswithpublictransportation"可知,在交通高峰期，游覽切斯特市中心的最方便的方式是乘坐公共交通工具，故選A?！?題詳解】考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的"OneofthebestwaystoseeChesterisbyaguidedtour"可知，在導(dǎo)游的陪同下游覽切斯特才是了解切斯特的最佳方法之一，故選B。B“Abirdwithabrokenwingwillneverflyashigh.”I’msureT.J,Warewasmadetofeelthiswayalmosteverydayinschool.ByhighschoolT,J.wasthemostcelebratedtroublemakerinhistown.Teachersliterallycringedwhentheysawhisnamepostedontheirclassroomlists.ImetT.J.forthefirsttimewhenallthestudentsatschoolwereattendingACEtraining.Atfirst,heshowednointerestinthediscussion.Butslowly,theinteractivegamesdrewhimin.T.J.hadsomebrilliantthoughtsonthosesituations,whichwerewelcomedbyhisgroup.Bytheendoftheactivity,theotherstudentsontheteamwereimpressedwithhisconcernandideasandelectedT.J.co-chairmanoftheteam.WhenT.J.showedupatschoolonMondaymorning,agroupofteacherswereexpressingtheirdisagreementstotheschoolprincipalabouthisbeingelectedco-chairman.Theprincipalremindedthemthatthepurposeoftheprogramwastouncoveranypositivefeelingandstrengthenitspracticeuntiltruechangecantakeplace.Theteachersleftthemeeting,firmlyconvincedthatfailurewasunavoidable.Twoweekslater,T.J.andhisfriendsledagroupof70studentstocollectfoodTheycollectedaschoolrecord:2,854cansoffoodinjusttwohours.Thelocalnewspapercoveredtheeventwithafullarticlethenextday.Thatnewspaperstorywaspostedonthemainbulletinboardatschool,whereeveryonecouldseeit.T.J.,spicturewasuptherefordoingsomethinggreat.T.J.startedshowingupatschooleverydayandansweredquestionsfromteachersforthefirsttime.Theeventhestartednowyields9,000cansoffoodinoneday,takingcareof70percentoftheneedforfoodforoneyear.T,J.remindsusthatabirdwithabrokenwingonlyneedsmending.Butonceithashealed,itcanflyhigherthantherest.T.J.gotajob.Hebecameproductive.Heisflyingquitenicelythesedays.4.WhatdoweknowaboutT.J.beforeheattendedthetraining?A.Hewastalkativeinclass.B.Hedidn'thaveagoodfame.C.Hisideaswerequiteimpressive.D.Heshowedupatschooleveryday.5.WhydidtheteammemberselectT.J.co-chairman?A.Hepromisedthemabrightfuture.B.Theywantedtoofferhimachance.C.Theythoughtthejobwasquiteeasy.D.Hewasconsideredqualifiedforthejob.6.Whatdoweknowaboutpeople'sattitudetowardsT.J.'sbeingelected?A.Uncaring. B.Favorable.C.Controversial. D.Doubtful.7.Whatdoestheauthortrytoconveywiththisstory?A.Nopain,nogain. B.Romewasn’tbuiltinaday.C.Don'tjudgeabookbyitscover. D.Treatothersasyouwanttobetreated.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了一個叫T.J的小男孩是鎮(zhèn)上出名的搗亂分子，在參加王牌訓(xùn)練營時，他出色的表現(xiàn)博得小組隊員的認可，因此被選為團隊的主席。對此，很多人產(chǎn)生了爭議。最終T.J向所有人證明了他能做的很好?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由第二段T,J.wasthemostcelebratedtroublemakerinhistown.可知，T，J是鎮(zhèn)上最出名的搗亂分子。他的名聲不好。故B選項正確?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段T.J.hadsomebrilliantthoughtsonthosesituations,whichwerewelcomedbyhisgroup.Bytheendoftheactivity,theotherstudentsontheteamwereimpressedwithhisconcernandideasandelectedT.J.co-chairmanoftheteam.可知，T.J.對這些情況有一些極好的想法，因此受到了團對的歡迎。到活動結(jié)束時，其他同學(xué)對他的關(guān)心的事和想法印象深刻，并選舉T.J.為小組聯(lián)合主席。這些表明他被認為勝任這項工作。故D選項正確?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第四段agroupofteacherswereexpressingtheirdisagreementstotheschoolprincipalabouthisbeingelectedco-chairman.Theprincipalremindedthemthatthepurposeoftheprogramwastouncoveranypositivefeelingandstrengthenitspracticeuntiltruechangecantakeplace.可知，人們對于T.J被選為聯(lián)合主席有人同意,有人反對，產(chǎn)生了爭議。故C選項正確?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，T.J是鎮(zhèn)上出了名搗蛋鬼。老師對他都無可奈何，通過參加王牌訓(xùn)練營，博得了小組成員的認可。從此T.J發(fā)生了蛻變，并最終向所有人證明了自己能做的很好?？梢耘袛喑鲎髡呦敫嬖V讀者，不能僅僅從外表看待一個人。故C選項正確?！军c睛】做推理判斷題要善于抓住某一段話中的關(guān)鍵信息，即某些關(guān)鍵詞或短語去分析、推理、判斷，利用逆向思維或正面推理，從而推斷出所隱含的深層含義。小題3的題干要求判斷出人們對于T.J被選為小組聯(lián)合主席的態(tài)度，我們從由第四段agroupofteacherswereexpressingtheirdisagreementstotheschoolprincipalabouthisbeingelectedco-chairman.Theprincipalremindedthemthatthepurposeoftheprogramwastouncoveranypositivefeelingandstrengthenitspracticeuntiltruechangecantakeplace.可知，這里的關(guān)鍵詞為disagreements，uncoveranypositivefeeling。通過這些關(guān)鍵詞我們可以看出有些對T.J被選為聯(lián)合主席持支持態(tài)度，而有些則持反對態(tài)度。綜合兩種態(tài)度，我們推理出人們對這件事的態(tài)度是有爭議的。故D選項正確。CManyofyoumayhaveusedSiri,avoiceassistantofUStechcompanyApple.Youonlyhavetosay“heySiri”anditwillanswertoyourcommand.However,wemaybesacrificingourprivacytoenjoythisconvenience.AccordingtoarecentreportbytheGuardian,Siricanbeaccidentallytriggeredandstartrecordingprivateconversations,suchasdiscussionsbetweendoctorsandpatients.Someoftheserecordingsarethengiventoworkersoutsidethecompanytoreview.AppleclaimedthedatawasusedtohelpSiriimprove,butuserswerenotinformedofthismeasureinthefirstplace.Apple’sSiriisnottheonlyvoiceassistanttocomeunderfire.In2018,Alexa,avoiceassistantdevelopedbyUStechcompanyAmazon,recordedaprivateconversationbetweenacoupleandsentittoastrangerwithouttheirpermission.Theseissuesdeepenedconcernsthattechcompaniesareinfringingusers’rightsofprivacy.Manypeoplehavelongfearedthattechcompaniesarelisteningandcollectingdatafromprivateconversations,reportedForbes.Usingthisdata,thirdpartycompaniescouldthenpaintanaccuratepictureofusers’habitsandpreferencesinordertoservethemmoretargetedadvertisements,orevenworse,sellthisprivatedata.Despitethisrisk,thepopularityofvoiceassistantseemstobeunstoppable.“Inthenearfuture,everythingfromyourlightingtoyourair-conditioningtoyourrefrigerator,yourcoffeemaker,andevenyourtoiletcouldbewiredtoasystemcontrolledbyvoice,”commentedTheAtlantic.ColinHorganwroteontheblogsiteMediumthathebelievedpeople’sdailyliveswillsoonbecomeasourceofdata.“Thesoundsofourhomes,thesymphonyoflife–laughing,crying,talking,shouting,sittinginsilence–willnolongerbeconsideredmemories,butdata,”hewrote.Todealwiththeissue,BlakeMorgan,reporterforTheAtlantic,believedthattheansweristransparency.“Allcompaniesneedtohavemessagingreadytoexplaintocustomerswhattheydowithprivatedata,”shewroteonTheAtlantic.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?A.Thereareotherfire-proofvoiceassistants.B.Othervoiceassistantsarealsobeingdeveloped.C.Thereareothervoiceassistantsbeingcriticized.D.Othervoiceassistantsalsoneedimprovements.9.Whatseemstobepeople’sbiggestconcernaboutvoiceassistants?A.Invadingtheirprivacy. B.Sendingtheirmessage.C.Makingnoimprovements. D.Servingthemtargetedadvertisements.10.Whatshouldcompaniesdotosolvetheproblem,accordingtoBlakeMorgan?A.Tostopcollectingdatathroughvoiceassistant.B.Toexplaintheiruseofthedatatocustomers.C.Tomaketheirdatamoretransparent.D.Toslowdownthepaceoftechnologyadvancement.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowvisionsofadataworldinthefuture.B.Toinformpeopleofwhattechcompaniesarereallyupto.C.Todrawattentiontotheprivacyissuevoiceassistantsbringabout.D.Tocriticizecompanies’invadingcustomers’privacybycollectingdata.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了語音助手會在用戶不知情的情況下記錄私人對話，從而導(dǎo)致用戶隱私被侵犯的問題。就此問題不同人士發(fā)表了自己的看法?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文In2018,Alexa,avoiceassistantdevelopedbyUStechcompanyAmazon,recordedaprivateconversationbetweenacoupleandsentittoastrangerwithouttheirpermission.可知2018年，美國科技公司亞馬遜(Amazon)開發(fā)的語音助手Alexa錄制了一對夫婦之間的私人對話，并在未經(jīng)允許的情況下將對話發(fā)送給了陌生人?？芍獎澗€句子意思為除了蘋果手機的Siri語音助手外，其他語音助手也受到了批評。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段Theseissuesdeepenedconcernsthattechcompaniesareinfringingusers’rightsofprivacy.（這些問題加深了人們對科技公司侵犯用戶隱私權(quán)的擔(dān)憂。）以及第七段Manypeoplehavelongfearedthattechcompaniesarelisteningandcollectingdatafromprivateconversations,reportedForbes.（據(jù)《福布斯》報道，長期以來，很多人都擔(dān)心科技公司會監(jiān)聽和收集私人談話中的數(shù)據(jù)。）可知侵犯人們的隱私似乎是人們對語音助手最大的擔(dān)憂。故選A。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Allcompaniesneedtohavemessagingreadytoexplaintocustomerswhattheydowithprivatedata,”shewroteonTheAtlantic.（她在TheAtlantic上寫道:“所有公司都需要準備好信息，向客戶解釋他們?nèi)绾翁幚硭饺藬?shù)據(jù)?！保┛芍狟lakeMorgan表示，企業(yè)應(yīng)該向客戶解釋它們?nèi)绾问褂眠@些數(shù)據(jù)來解決問題。故選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段AccordingtoarecentreportbytheGuardian,Siricanbeaccidentallytriggeredandstartrecordingprivateconversations,suchasdiscussionsbetweendoctorsandpatients.Someoftheserecordingsarethengiventoworkersoutsidethecompanytoreview.（根據(jù)《衛(wèi)報》(theGuardian)最近的一篇報道，Siri可能會被意外觸發(fā)，并開始記錄私人對話，比如醫(yī)生和病人之間的討論。其中一些錄音會交給公司外的員工審閱。）以及第三段AppleclaimedthedatawasusedtohelpSiriimprove,butuserswerenotinformedofthismeasureinthefirstplace.（蘋果公司聲稱這些數(shù)據(jù)是用來幫助Siri改進的，但用戶一開始就不知道這項措施。）以及文章主要討論了語音助手帶來的隱私問題，可推知文章的目的是為了引起大家對于語音助手帶來的隱私問題的注意。故選C。DInmanycountries,authorityisseldomquestioned,eitherbecauseitishighlyrespected,orbecauseitisfeared.Becauserankhasbeenimportantincertainsocietiesforalongtime,peoplehavebeentrainednevertoquestionthoseinauthority.Forexample,childrenarenotexpectedtoquestiontheirteachersinschool.Itmaybeconsideredimproperforyoungbusinessmentosuggestideasthatdifferfromthoseofolder,moreexperiencedmembersofthebusiness.Inothercountries,includingAmerica,childrenaretrainedtoquestionandsearchforanswers.Whenachildasksaquestion,hewilloftenbetoldtogotothelibraryandfindtheanswerforhimself.Bythetimestudentsreachtheageof14or15,theymaybedevelopingexcitingnewideasinallfieldsofscienceandarts.Toencouragesuchcreativity,therearemanynationalprizesofferedtostudentseveryyearfortheirscientificdiscoveriesandartisticaccomplishments.Thisinterestinquestioningandsearchingmaybeconsideredbysomepeopleasbadforyoungpeople’smanners,thatyoungpeoplelackrespectforauthority.ThisimpressionmaybecreatedwhenvisitorsnoticeyoungAmericansaskingquestionsandarguingwitholderpeople.However,thisisbecausemanyAmericanshaveadifferentattitudetowardauthoritythanmayexistinotherareasoftheworld.Inaworkorbusinesssituation,ideasarefreelyandopenlydiscussedandargued.Itisimportanttorememberthatitistheperson’sideasthatarebeingquestioned,nottheindividualhimself.Thetwoarequiteseparate.Thepurposeofthesearching,questioning,andarguingistofindthefactsinaparticularsituation,andthereforeasolution,sothattheworkofthebusinesscanprogressinthemosteffectivemannerpossible.Aswasmentionedearlier,youmaynoticethesamequestioninginsocialconversations.AlthoughsomeindividualmaythinkthatAmericansarerudebecauseofthedirectmannerwithpeople,theyaremerelytryingtolearnmoreaboutyourideas.12.InmanycountriesauthorityisseldomquestionedforthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat_________.A.peopleshowgreatrespectforitB.peopleareafraidofitC.peopledon’tcareaboutitD.peoplearenottrainedtoquestionthoseinauthority13.NationalprizesareofferedtostudentsinAmericaeveryyearbecause_________A.thestudentsofthisageareverycuriousB.thestudentsoftengotothelibraryandfindtheanswertoaquestionforthemselvesC.thestudentsmaybedevelopingexcitingnewideasinallfieldsofscienceandartsD.thestudentsareencouragedtodeveloptheircreativity14.Fromthetextwecaninferthat_________.A.youngpeoplelackrespectforauthorityinAmericaB.whatmattersisthatthequestioningofauthorityleadstoaneffectivesolutionC.questioningapersonisimpoliteandhisideasaswellD.Americanyoungpeoplealwaysgivetheimpressionofbeingrudetoothers15.Whatispossiblythebesttitleofthetext?A.DevelopingtheQualityofQuestioningB.RudeorHonest?—TrueAmericansC.QuestioningtheAuthorityIsImpoliteD.BadMannersorGoodWays【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章說明了在許多國家，權(quán)威很少受到質(zhì)疑?；蛘呤且驗闄?quán)威受到太高的尊重，或者是由于它太令人害怕。有時也因為等級在很長一段時間里在某些特定社會中一直是很重要。人們也從來沒有學(xué)過去質(zhì)疑這些權(quán)威的東西。探求、質(zhì)疑和爭論的目的是在特別的情況下發(fā)現(xiàn)真理找到答案，即質(zhì)疑品質(zhì)的發(fā)展?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。該題適宜用排除法來解答。答案定位在第一段Inmanycountries,authorityisseldomquestioned,eitherbecauseitishighlyrespected,orbecauseitisfeared.Becauserankhasbeenimportantincertainsocietiesforalongtime,peoplehavebeentrainednevertoquestionthoseinauthority.（在許多國家，權(quán)威很少受到質(zhì)疑?；蛘呤且驗闄?quán)威受到太高的尊重，或者是由于它太令人害怕。有時也因為等級在很長一段時間里在某些特定社會中一直是很重要。人們也從來沒有學(xué)過去質(zhì)疑這些權(quán)威的東西。）排除A、B和D，故選C。13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。答案定位在第二段Toencouragesuchcreativity,therearemanynationalprizesofferedtostudentseveryyearfortheirscientificdiscoveriesandartisticaccomplishments.可知在美國，每年提供給學(xué)生們國家獎項是因為學(xué)生們被鼓勵發(fā)展他們的創(chuàng)造力，故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。答案定位在倒數(shù)第二段Thepurposeofthesearching,questioning,andarguingistofindthefactsinaparticularsituation,andthereforeasolution,sothattheworkofthebusinesscanprogressinthemosteffectivemannerpossible.可推知重要的是，對權(quán)威的質(zhì)疑導(dǎo)致了有效的解決方案，故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通過閱讀文章，可知這篇文章主要講了重要的是我們應(yīng)該牢記，是個人的觀點，而不是個人本身受到了質(zhì)疑。這兩者是截然不同的。探求、質(zhì)疑和爭論的目的是在特別的情況下發(fā)現(xiàn)真理找到答案，即質(zhì)疑品質(zhì)的發(fā)展，故選A。安徽省蚌埠市第二中學(xué)2019-2020學(xué)年高二英語上學(xué)期期中試題第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AIntroductionBlenheimPalaceisoneoftheEurope’slargestandgreatestpalaces.Itwasbuiltbetween1705and1722asarewardoftheBritishgovernmenttoJohnChurchill,1stDukeofMarlborough,fordefeatingKingLouisXlV'sarmyatBlenheim,asmallBavarianvillageontheDanubeRiver.ThepalacewasdesignedbySirJohnVanbrugh,whichdisplayedstrengthandarmglory.Itisthelargestnon-royalbuildinginEnglandandisnowlistedbytheUNESCOasaWorldHeritageSite.WinstonChurchillIn1874,thepalacewasthebirthplaceoftheduke’smostfamousdescendant.WinstonChurchill,whowastobecometheUK’sPrimeMinister(somewouldsayBritain’sgreatest20th-centurypolitician)andNobelprizewinnerforliterature.ItisalsoinBlenheimthatWinstongotmarriedtoClementineHozierin1908.Alastingexhibitionisdevotedtotheman’slife,workandwritings.WinstonandhiswifeareburiedinBladonChurchwithinthepalace.OpeningHours&AdmissionBlenheimisstillthehomeofthe11thDukeofMarlboroughandisthereforenotopenallyearround(althoughtheparkis).Thepalaceopensitsdoorstovisitorsfrom12Februaryto11December.Entrytothepalace,parkandgardenscost￡11,50duringthelowseasonand￡13duringthepeakseason(Easterweekendandfrom28MaytollSeptember),or￡6/￡8fortheparkandgardensonly.Theparkisopenall-yearroundfrom9amto4:45pm(lastentry).Admissionis￡2,50foradultsand￡1.50forchildren.Notethatnumerousdiscountsexistforseniors,students,childrenandgroups.Pleaserefertotheofficialwebsiteformoredetails.1.WhatcanbelearnedaboutBlenheimPalace?A.ItistheEurope’slargestandgreatestpalaces.B.ItisthelargestroyalbuildinginEngland.C.Itisnowoneoftheworld’sheritagesites.D.ItwasbuiltinhonorofPrimeMinisterWinstonChurchill.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthetextmean?A.Ahousekeeper.B.Achildorachild’schild.C.AfamilydoctorD.Agrandparent3.WhycannotpeoplevisitBlenheimPalacealltheyearround?A.Theyaretoobusytoaffordthetime.B.Repairsarebadlyneededforthepalace.C.Someseasonsarenotconvenientforvisitors.D.The11thDukeofMarlboroughstilllivesthere,【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了歐洲最大最宏偉宮殿之一的BlenheimPalace布倫海姆宮（別名丘吉爾莊園）。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中andisnowlistedbytheUNESCOasaWorldHeritageSite.可知，BlenheimPalace被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界文化遺產(chǎn)，所以它是世界文化遺產(chǎn)之一，故選C?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)WinstonChurchill部分中In1874,thepalacewasthebirthplaceoftheduke’smostfamousdescendant,WinstonChurchill,whowastobecometheUK’sPrimeMinister.可知，畫線詞與其它兩個詞組成的短語和WinstonChurchill是同位語，而從第一段Itwasbuiltbetween1705and1722asarewardoftheBritishgovernmenttoJohnChurchill可知，宮殿是英國政府為獎勵JohnChurchill而修建的，這兩位的姓氏是一樣的，畫線詞WinstonChurchill在JohnChurchill之后，結(jié)合四個選項，只有B選項符合邏輯，故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OpeningHours&Admission部分中Blenheimisstillthehomeofthe11thDukeofMarlboroughandisthereforenotopenallyearround(althoughtheparkis),可知，現(xiàn)在布倫海姆宮仍然是第11任馬爾波羅公爵的家，因此不能常年開放，故選D。BInOctober2013,DavionOnlymadeanappealontheInternet.Hehadlearnedthathisbiologicalmotherhaddiednotlongbefore.”MynameisDavionandI'vebeeninfostercare(寄養(yǎng)照管)sinceIwasborn,"hesaid,“butI'mnotgivinguphope."Theheartbreakingappealspreadquickly,andOnly'sfosteragencyreceivedcallsfrommorethan10,000people.OnlyendeduptravellingtoOhiotolivewithafamily.ButafterOnlygotintoaphysicalfightwithoneofhiselderwould-bebrothers,thefamilychangedtheirminds.BackinFlorida,Onlypassedthroughfourdifferenttemporaryhomesoverthefollowingyear,untilhecalledConnieGoing,hisadoptioncaseworker,tomakeaspecialrequest.OnlyhadknownGoingfornearlytenyears,andhadaskedeveryyearifshewouldadopthim,butshealwayshesitated.“Ialwaysbelievedtherewasabetterfamilythanusoutthere,"Goingsaidinaninterview.ButlastJuly,whenOnlycalledandaskedagainifshemightadopthim,Goingsaidsomethingfeltdifferent."Whenheaskedme,myheartfeltthisacheandIjustknewhewasmyson,"shesaid.SoGoing,52,invitedOnlytostartspendingtimewiththerestofherfamily-hertwodaughters,Sydney,21,andCarly17,andasonTaylor,14,whoshealsoadoptedoutoffostercare.Eventually,afterseeinghowwellthearrangementwasworking,Going,whohadrentedabiggerhome,startedadoptingOnly.OnlymovedinwithherfamilylastDecember.HeofficiallyjoinedGoing'sfamilyonApril22,2015whentheadoptionpaperswentthrough."Today,Ifeelblessedandhonoredtohavebeenchosentobetheparentofallmychildren,"Goingsaid.4.Bymakingtheappeal,DavionOnlyhopedthatA.serviceinhisfosteragencywouldimproveB.hisbiologicalmotherwouldcometohimC.afosteragencywouldaccepthimD.hewouldbeadoptedbyafamily5.DavionOnlydidn'tlivewiththefamilyinOhiobecauseA.hehatedlivingwiththemB.theyfinallyrefusedtoaccepthimC.hehasreceivedanotherinvitationD.heoftenfoughtwithhiswould-bebrothers6.WhatdoweknowfromParagraph3?A.DavionOnlyhadfunlivingindifferenthomes.B.ConnieGoinghadcaredaboutDavionOnlyforovertenyears.C.DavionOnlyhadastrongdesiretobeadoptedbyConnieGoing.D.ConnieGoingbelievedshewouldgiveDavionOnlywhathewanted.7.AfterDavionOnlyjoinedConnieGoing'sfamily,A.ConnieGoingboughtabiggerhouseB.thefourkidsoftenhadphysicalfightsC.ConnieGoingdidn'tregretherdecisionD.anotherthreekidswerelateradoptedaswell【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.C【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個渴望有安定家庭的孤兒男孩DavionOnly在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布請求信息，希望能有家庭收養(yǎng)自己并最后被善良的Connie收養(yǎng)的故事。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知DavionOnly在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布請求信息可以推斷出，他希望能有家庭收養(yǎng)自己。故選D。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子：OnlyendeduptravellingtoOhiotolivewithafamily.ButafterOnlygotintoaphysicalfightwithoneofhiselderwould-bebrothers,thefamilychangedtheirminds.可知俄亥俄州家庭在Only和自己家的兒子打架后，不想收養(yǎng)他了。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的句子：OnlyhadknownGoingfornearlytenyears,andhadaskedeveryyearifshewouldadopthim,butshealwayshesitated.,可知Only每年都會問Going是否能收養(yǎng)他。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的句子："Today,Ifeelblessedandhonoredtohavebeenchosentobetheparentofallmychildren,"Goingsaid.可知ConnieGoing感到幸福和榮幸，可以推斷她不后悔收養(yǎng)這個孩子，由此判斷選C。CIfyouareworriedabouttheplanet,pleasemakesureyourrubbishisburiedundertheground.Peopletalkabout“reduce,reuse,recycle.”Itsoundslikeagoodidea.Thereisaproblem,though.Recyclingcoststoomuchmoney.EventheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)saysitonlymakessenseeconomicallyandenvironmentallytorecycleabout35percentofdisabled(廢棄的)materials.Amongthosematerialsarepaperandaluminum(鋁)cans.Recycling1tonofpaperoraluminumcans,theagencysays,cansaveabout3tonsofCO2emissions(排放物)overproducingthosematerialsanew.Paperproducerspayforthetreestheyprocess.Ifitwascost-effectivetorecyclepaper,producerswouldbebeatingdownyourdoortobuyit.Buttheyaren’t.Thatmeansit’smoreexpensivetorecycleoldpaperthantocuttreesandthenreplanttreesforprocessing.Plasticcanberecycledtoo.Giventherecentdropincrudeoil(原油)prices,itisnowcheapertomakeanewplasticcontainerthantorecycleanoldone.Evenifthatwerenottrue,theEPAsaysthatrecyclingatonofplasticsavesonlyaboutatonofCO2.However,itdoesn’ttakeintoaccountthewatermostconsumersusetowashtheirplasticcontainersbeforehavingthemrecycled.TheNewYorkTimesjournalistJohnTierneyrecentlywrote,“Ifyouwashplasticinwaterthatwasheatedbyelectricity,thentheeffortofyourrecyclingcouldbemorecarbonintheatmosphere.”Glassisanotherrecyclablematerial.Toreducegreenhousegasemissionsby1tonyouhavetorecycle3tonsofglass.Ifoneincludesthecostofcollectingglasswastefromneighborhoods,andthepollutionproducedbythecollectiontrucksandtherecyclingprocessitself,glassrecyclingcreatesmoregreenhousegasemissionsandismoreexpensivethanmakingnewglass,whichcomesprimarilyfromsandthatexistseverywhere.Ifrecyclingweretrulycost-effective,privatecompanieswouldbeliningupatyourdoorsteptobuyyourrubbish.Don’tlooknowbecausethey’renotthere.8.What’stheEPA’sattitudetorecyclingaluminumcans?A.Itishelpfultotheenvironment.B.Itisactuallyawasteofmoney.C.Itcostslessthanrecyclingpaper.D.Itcoststhesameasproducingnewcans.9.Whatincreasesthecostofrecyclingplastic?A.Thecrudeoil.B.ThewaterpollutionC.Theprocesstocleanit.D.Theelectricityforlights.10.Whatcanbelearnedaboutmakingnewglass?A.Itresultsinlotsofwasteinneighborhood.B.Thematerialfornewglasscanbeeasilygot.C.Itisslightlymoreexpensivethanrecyclingglass.D.Making3tonsofnewglassproduces1tonofcarbonemissions.11.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysayingtheunderlinedsentence?A.Recyclingwilldisappearsoon.B.Companieswilllineupatyourdoorstep.C.Recyclingisawaytodealwithyourrubbish.D.Companieswon’tbothertocollectdiscardedmaterials.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。作者就垃圾的回收利用提出了自己的觀點：聽起來很美，但由于回收費用高昂，所以不值得?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Recycling1tonofpaperoraluminumcans,theagencysays,cansaveabout3tonsofCO2emissions(排放物)overproducingthosematerialsanew.可知，EPA認為與制造新的鋁罐相比，回收利用鋁罐可以節(jié)省二氧化碳的排放量。所以，EPA對回收鋁罐的態(tài)度是它對環(huán)境有幫助，故選A。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中However,itdoesn’ttakeintoaccountthewatermostconsumersusetowashtheirplasticcontainersbeforehavingthemrecycled.可知，作者認為EPA沒有把在對塑料再利用前清洗塑料使用的水的消耗考慮在內(nèi)，所以是對使用過的塑料產(chǎn)品進行清洗的過程增加了回收利用塑料的成本，故選C?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中g(shù)lassrecyclingcreatesmoregreenhousegasemissionsandismoreexpensivethanmakingnewglass,whichcomesprimarilyfromsandthatexistseverywhere.可知，生產(chǎn)玻璃的原料到處都是，所以很容易獲得，故選B。【11題詳解】句意猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段Ifrecyclingweretrulycost-effective,privatecompanieswouldbeliningupatyourdoorsteptobuyyourrubbish.Don’tlooknowbecausethey’renotthere.可知，作者認為如果回收物品真的可以節(jié)約成本，私人企業(yè)一定會在你的門口大排長龍，爭相購買你的垃圾。別四處看了，因為他們沒在門口。所以作者是用了戲謔的方式再次強調(diào)了自己的觀點：回收利用舊物的成本太高，私企們不愿意去做這樣的事。故選D?！军c睛】閱讀理解題中句子意思的猜測題往往由于作者采用了習(xí)語、俗語或一語雙關(guān)，如果僅從字面意思去理解會鬧笑語，會南轅北轍，作為非母語國家的學(xué)生在遇到這類題目時，一定要先理解段落大意，句子意思是為段落大意服務(wù)的，段落中的句子意思一定是和段落大意相統(tǒng)一的，據(jù)此就可以進行合理的推斷，選定正確答案，本篇閱讀理解中第4小題，就屬于這種類型的題目，所以要先理解最后一段的段落大意，而不能僅從句子的每個單詞來解釋句意。DAstudyexaminingthechildrenofpeopleevacuated(撤離)duringtheWWIIshowedthedaughtersoffemaleevacueeswereuptofourtimesmorelikelytosufferfromseriousmentalhealthconditionscomparedtothosewhoseparentsstayedathome.Inthelargestenquiryeverofitskind,researchersexaminedthehealthrecordsof3000childrenofFinnishpeopleevacuatedtoSwedenduringthe1941-1945conflictwithSovietRussia.Theevacuees,manyofwhomwereatapre-schoolage,wereplacedwithfosterfamiliesinSwedenandwereforcedtolearnSwedish,laterreturningtoFinland.Thestudy