2018考研英語(yǔ)二真題和答案完整版

50/502018考研英語(yǔ)二真題和答案完整版SectionI

UseofEnglishDirections：Readthefollowingtext。Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA，B，CorDontheANSWERSHEET。（10points）WhydopeoplereadnegativeInternetcommentsanddootherthingsthatwillobviouslybepainful？Becausehumanshaveaninherentneedto

1

uncertainty，accordingtoarecentstudyinPsychologicalScience。Thenewresearchrevealsthattheneedtoknowissostrongthatpeoplewill

2

tosatisfytheircuriosityevenwhenitiscleartheanswerwill

3

。Inaseriesoffourexperiments，behavioralscientistsattheUniversityofChicagoandtheWisconsinSchoolofBusinesstested。Student’swillingnessto

4

themselvestounpleasantstimuliinanefforttosatisfycuriosity。Forone

5

eachparticipantwasshownapileofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefromapreviousexperiment。Thetwist？Halfofthepenswould

6

anelectricshockwhenclicked。Twenty-sevenstudentsweretoldwhichpenswereelectrified，anothertwenty-sevenweretoldonlythatsomewereelectrified7leftaloneintheroom，thestudentswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockthemclickedmorepensandincurredmoreshocksthanthestudentswhoknewwhatwould8subsequentexperimentsreproduced，thiseffectwithotherstimuli9thesoundoffingernailsonachalkboardandphotographsofdisgustinginsects。Thedriveto_10_isdeeplyrootedinhumans。Muchthesameasthebasicdrivesfor_11_orshelter，saysChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicagoCuriosityisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct-itcan_12_NewScientificadvances，forinstance-butsometimessuch_13_canbackfire，theinsightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo_14_thingsisaprofoundone。Unhealthycuriosityispossibleto

15

，however，inafinalexperiment，participantswhowereencouragedto

16

howtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelyto

17

toseesuchanimage。Theseresultssuggestthatimaginingthe

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offollowingthroughonone’scuriosityaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine

19

itisworththeendeavor。”Thinkingaboutlong-term

20

iskeytoreducingthepossiblenegativeeffectsofcuriosity。Hseesays“inotherwords，don’treadonlinecomments”。[A]Protect[B]resolve

[C]discuss

[D]ignore[A]refuse[B]wait

[C]regret

[D]seek[A]hurt[B]last

[C]mislead

[D]rise[A]alert[B]tie

[C]treat

[D]expose[A]message[B]review

[C]trial

[D]concept6。[A]remove

[B]weaken

[C]interrupt

[D]deliver7。[A]when

[B]if

[C]though

[D]unless8。[A]continue

[B]happen

[C]disappear

[D]change9。[A]ratherthan

[B]regardlessof

[C]suchas

[D]owingto10。[A]discover

[B]forgive

[C]forget

[D]disagree11。[A]pay

[B]marriage

[C]schooling

[D]food12。[A]leadto

[B]reston

[C]learnfrom

[D]beginwith13。[A]withdrawal

[B]persistence

[C]inquiry

[D]diligence14。[A]self-reliant

[B]self-destructive[C]self-evident

[D]self-deceptive15。[A]define

[B]resist

[C]replace

[D]trace16。[A]overlook

[B]predict

[C]design

[D]conceal17。[A]remember

[B]

promise

[C]choose

[D]pretend18。[A]relief

[B]plan

[C]duty

[D]outcome19。[A]why

[B]whether

[C]where

[D]how20。[A]consequences

[B]investments

[C]strategies

[D]limitationsSectionII

ReadingComprehensionPartADirections：Readthefollowingfourtexts。AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA，B，CorD。MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET。（40points）Text1ItiscuriousthatStephenKoziatekfeelsalmostasthoughhehastojustifyhiseffortstogivehisstudentsabetterfuture。Mr。Koziatekispartofsomethingpioneering。HeisateacherataNewHampshirehighschoolwherelearningisnotsomethingofbooksandtestsandmechanicalmemorization，butpractical。Whendiditbecomeacceptedwisdomthatstudentsshouldbeabletonamethe13thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesbutbeutterlyoverwhelmedbyabrokenbikechain？AsKoziatekknows，thereislearninginjustabouteverything。Nothingisnecessarilygainedbyforcingstudentstolearngeometryatagraffitieddeskstuckwithgenerationsofdiscardedchewinggum。Theycanalsolearngeometrybyassemblingabicycle。Buthe’salsofoundakindofinsidiousprejudice。Workingwithyourhandsisseenasalmostamarkofinferiority。Schoolsinthefamilyofvocationaleducation“havethatstereotype。。。thatit’sforkidswhocan’tmakeitacademically，”hesays。Ononehand，thatviewpointisalogicalproductofAmerica’sevolution。Manufacturingisnottheeconomicenginethatitoncewas。ThejobsecuritythattheUSeconomyonceofferedtohighschoolgraduateshaslargelyevaporated。Moreeducationisthenewprinciple。Wewantmoreforourkids，andrightfullyso。Buttheheadlongpushintobachelor’sdegreesforall–andthesubtledevaluingofanythingless–missesanimportantpoint：That’snottheonlythingtheAmericaneconomyneed。Yes，abachelor’sdegreeopensmoredoors。Butevennow，54percentofthejobsinthecountryaremiddle-skilljobs，suchasconstructionandhigh-skillmanufacturing。Butonly44percentofworkersareadequatelytrained。Inotherwords，atatimewhentheworkingclasshasturnedthecountryonitspoliticalhead，frustratedthattheopportunitythatoncedefinedAmericaisvanishing，oneobvioussolutionisstaringusintheface。Thereisagapinworking-classjobs，buttheworkerswhoneedthosejobsmostaren’tequippedtodothem。Koziatek’sManchesterschoolofTechnologyHighSchoolistryingtofillthatgap。Koziatek’sschoolisawake-upcall。Wheneducationbecomesone-size-fits-all，itrisksoverlookinganation’sdiversityofgifts。Abrokenbikechainismentionedtoshowstudents’lackof。[A]practicalability[B]academictraining[C]pioneeringspirit[D]mechanicalmemorizationThereexiststheprejudicethatvocationaleducationisforkidswho。[A]haveastereotypedmind[B]havenocareermotivation[C]arenotacademicallysuccessful[D]arefinanciallydisadvantagedWecaninferfromParagraph5thathighschoolgraduates。[A]usedtohavebigfinancialconcerns[B]usedtohavemorejobopportunities[C]arereluctanttoworkinmanufacturing[D]areentitledtomoreeducationalprivilegesTheheadlongpushintobachelor‘sdegreesforall。[A]helpscreatealotofmiddle-skilljobs[B]maynarrowthegapinworking-classjobs[C]isexpectedtoyieldabetter-trainedworkforce[D]indicatestheovervaluingofhighereducationTheauthor‘sattitudetowardKoziatek’sschoolcanbedescribedas。[A]supportive[B]tolerant[C]disappointed[D]cautiousText2Whilefossilfuels—stillgenerateroughly85percentoftheworld’senergysupply，it’sclearerthaneverthatthefuturebelongstorenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolar。Themovetorenewablesispickingupmomentumaroundtheworld：Theynowaccountformorethanhalfofnewpowersourcesgoingonline。Somegrowthstemsfromacommitmentbygovernmentsandfarsightedbusinessestofundcleanerenergysources。Butincreasinglythestoryisabouttheplummetingpricesofrenewables，especiallywindandsolar。Thecostofsolarpanelshasdroppedby80percentandthecostofwindturbinesbyclosetoone-thirdinthepasteightyears。Inmanypartsoftheworldrenewableenergyisalreadyaprincipalenergysource。InScotland，forexample，windturbinesprovideenoughelectricitytopower95percentofhomes。Whiletherestoftheworldtakesthelead，notablyChinaandEurope，theUnitedStatesisalsoseeingaremarkableshift。InMarch，forthefirsttime，windandsolarpoweraccountedformorethan10percentofthepowergeneratedintheUS，reportedtheUSEnergyInformationAdministration。PresidentTrumphasunderlinedfossilfuels—especiallycoal—asthepathtoeconomicgrowth。InarecentspeechinIowa，hedismissedwindpowerasanunreliableenergysource。ButthatmessagedidnotplaywellwithmanyinIowa，wherewindturbinesdotthefieldsandprovide36percentofthestate’selectricitygeneration—andwheretechgiantslikeMicrosoftarebeingattractedbytheavailabilityofcleanenergytopowertheirdatacenters。Thequestion“Whathappenswhenthewinddoesn’tbloworthesundoesn’tshine？”hasprovidedaquickput-downforskeptics。Butaboostinthestoragecapacityofbatteriesismakingtheirabilitytokeeppowerflowingaroundtheclockmorelikely。Theadvanceisdriveninpartbyvehiclemanufacturers，whoareplacingbigbetsonbattery-poweredelectricvehicles。Althoughelectriccarsarestillararityonroadsnow，thismassiveinvestmentcouldchangethepicturerapidlyincomingyears。Whilethere’salongwaytogo，thetrendlinesforrenewablesarespiking。Thepaceofchangeinenergysourcesappearstobespeedingup—perhapsjustintimetohaveameaningfuleffectinslowingclimatechange。WhatWashingtondoes—ordoesn’tdo—topromotealternativeenergymaymeanlessandlessatatimeofaglobalshiftinthought。Theword“plummeting”（Line3，Para。2）isclosestinmeaningto。[A]stabilizing[B]changing[C]falling[D]risingAccordingtoParagraph3，theuseofrenewableenergyinAmerica。[A]isprogressingnotably[B]isasextensiveasinEurope[C]facesmanychallenges[D]hasprovedtobeimpracticalItcanbelearnedthatinIowa，。[A]windisawidelyusedenergysource[B]windenergyhasreplacedfossilfuels[C]techgiantsareinvestingincleanenergy[D]thereisashortageofcleanenergysupplyWhichofthefollowingistrueaboutcleanenergyaccordingtoParagraphs5&6？[A]Itsapplicationhasboostedbatterystorage。[B]Itiscommonlyusedincarmanufacturing。[C]Itscontinuoussupplyisbecomingareality。[D]Itssustainableexploitationwillremaindifficult。Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatrenewableenergy____。[A]willbringtheUSAclosertoothercountries。[B]willaccelerateglobalenvironmentalchange。[C]isnotreallyencouragedbytheUSAgovernment。[D]isnotcompetitiveenoughwithregardtoitscost。Text3Thepowerandambitionofthegiantsofthedigitaleconomyisastonishing-Amazon

hasjustannounced

the

purchase

oftheupmarket

grocery

chain

WholeFoods

for$l3.5bn，buttwoyears

ago

Facebook

paid

even

more

thanthat

toacquire

the

WhatsApp

messaging

service，which

doesn‘t

have

any

physicalproduct

at

all。WhatWhatsAppofferedFacebookwasanintricateandfinelydetailedwebofitsusers’friendshipsandsociallives。FacebookpromisedtheEuropeancommissionthenthatitwouldnotlinkphonenumberstoFacebookidentities，butitbrokethepromisealmostassoonasthedealwentthrough。Evenwithoutknowingwhatwas

in

themessages，theknowledge

of

whosentthem

andto

whom

was

enormously

revealing

andstillcouldbe。Whatpoliticaljournalist，whatpartywhip，wouldnotwanttoknowthemakeupoftheWhatsAppgroupsinwhichThereaMay‘senemiesarecurrentlyplotting？ItmaybethatthevalueofWholeFoodstoAmazonisnotsomuchthe460shopsitowns，buttherecordsofwhichcustomershavepurchasedwhat。Competitionlawappearstobetheonlywaytoaddresstheseimbalancesofpower。Butitisclumsy。Foronething，itisveryslowcomparedtothepaceofChangewithinthedigitaleconomy。Bythetimeaproblemhasbeenaddressedandremedieditmayhavevanishedinthemarketplace，tobereplacedbynewabusesofpower。Butthereisadeeperconceptualproblem，too。Competitionlawaspresentlyinterpreteddealswithfinancialdisadvantagetoconsumersandthisisnotobviouswhentheusersoftheseservicesdon‘tpayforthem。TheusersoftheirServicesarenottheircustomers。Thatwouldbethepeoplewhobuyadvertisingfromthem-andFacebookandGoogle，thetwovirtualgiants，dominatedigitaladvertisingtothedisadvantageofallothermediaandentertainmentcompanies。Theproductthey‘resellingisdata，andwe，theusers，convertourlivestodateforthebenefitofthedigitalgiants。Justassomeantsfarmthebugscalledaphidsforthehoneydewtheproducewhentheyfeed，soGooglefarmsusforthedatathatourdigitallivesyield。Antskeeppredatoryinsectsawayfromwheretheiraphidsfeed；Gmailkeepsthespammeoutofourinboxes。Itdoesn’tfeellikeahumanordemocraticrelationship，evenifbothsidesbenefit。AccordingtoParagraph1，F(xiàn)acebookacquiredWhatsAppforits。[A]digitalproducts[B]userinformation[C]physicalassets[D]qualityserviceLinkingphonenumberstoFacebookidentitiesmay。[A]worsenpoliticaldisputes[B]messupcustomerrecords[C]posearisktoFacebookusers[D]misleadtheEuropeancommissionAccordingtotheauthor，competitionlaw。[A]shouldseverthenewmarketpowers[B]mayworsentheeconomicimbalance[C]shouldnotprovidejustonelegalsolution[D]cannotkeeppacewiththechangingmarketCompetitionlawaspresentlyinterpretedcanhardlyprotectFacebookusersbecause。[A]theyarenotdefinedascustomers[B]theyarenotfinanciallyreliable[C]theservicesaregenerallydigital[D]theservicesarepaidforbyadvertisersTheantsanalogyisusedtoillustrate。[A]awin-winbusinessmodelbetweendigitalgiants[B]atypicalcompetitionpatternamongdigitalgiants[C]thebenefitsprovidedfordigitalgiants’customers[D]therelationshipbetweendigitalgiantsandtheirusersText4Tocombatthetrapofputtingapremiumonbeingbusy，CalNewport，authorofDeepWork：RulesforFocusedSuccessinaDistractedWorld，recommendsbuildingahabitof“deepwork”-theabilitytofocuswithoutdistraction。Thereareanumberofapproachestomasteringtheartofdeepwork-beitlengthyretreatsdedicatedtoaspecifictask；developingadailyritual；ortakinga“journalistic”approachtoseizingmomentofdeepworkwhenyoucanthroughouttheday。Whicheverapproach，thekeyistodetermineyourlengthoffocustimeandsticktoit。Newportalsorecommends“deepscheduling”tocombatconstantinterruptionsandgetmoredoneinlesstime?！癆tanygivenpoint，Ishouldhavedeepworkscheduledforroughlythenextmouth。Onceonthecalendar，IprotectthistimelikeIwouldadoctor’sappointmentorimportantmeeting”，hewrites。Anotherapproachtogettingmoredoneinlesstimeistorethinkhowyouprioritiesyourday–inparticularhowwecraftourto-dolists。TimHarford，authorofMessy：ThePowerofDisordertoTransformOurLives，pointstoastudyintheearly1980sthatdividedundergraduatesintotwogroups：somewereadvisedtosetoutmonthlygoalsandstudyactivities；othersweretoldtoplanactivitiesandgoalsinmuchmoredetail，daybyday。Whiletheresearchersassumedthatthewell-structureddailyplanswouldbemosteffectivewhenitcametotheexecutionoftasks，theywerewrong：thedetaileddailyplansdemotivatedstudents。Harfordarguesthatinevitabledistractionsoftenrenderthedailyto-dolistineffective，whileleavingroomforimprovisationinsuchalistcanreapthebestresults。Inordertomakethemostofourfocusandenergy，wealsoneedtoembracedowntime，orasNewportsuggests，“belazy”?！癐dlenessisnotjustavacation，anindulgenceoravice；itisasindispensabletothebrainasvitaminDistothebody…”[idleness]is，paradoxically，necessarytogettinganyworkdone，”heargues。SriniPillay，anassistantprofessorofpsychiatryatHarvardMedicalSchool，believesthiscounterintuitivelinkbetweendowntimeandproductivitymaybeduetothemayourbrainsoperate。Whenourbrainsswitchbetweenbeingfocusedandunfocusedonatask，theytendtobemoreefficient?！癢hatpeopledon’trealiseisthatinordertocompletethesetaskstheyneedtouseboththefocusandunfocuscircuitsintheirbrain，”saysPillay。Thekeytomasteringtheartofdeepworkisto

。[A]keeptoyourfocustime[B]listyourimmediatetasks[C]makespecificdailyplans[D]seizeeveryminutetoworkThestudyintheearly1980scitedbyHarfordshowsthat。[A]distractionsmayactuallyincreaseefficiency。[B]dailyschedulesareindispensabletostudying[C]studentsarehardlymotivatedbymonthlygoals[D]detailedplansmaynotbeasfruitfulasexpectedAccordingtoNewport，idlenessis。[A]adesirablementalstateforbusypeople。[B]amajorcontributortophysicalhealth[C]aneffectivewaytosavetimeandenergy[D]anessentialfactorinaccomplishinganyworkPillaybelievesthatourbrains’shiftbetweenbeingfocusedandunfocused。[A]canresultinpsychologicalwell-being[B]canbringaboutgreaterefficiency[C]isaimedatbetterbalanceinwork[D]isdrivenbytaskurgencyThistextismainlyabout。[A]waystorelievethetensionofbusylife[B]approachestogettingmoredoneinlesstime[C]thekeytoeliminatingdistractions[D]thecauseofthelackoffocustime

PartBDirections：ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubtitlesfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph（41-45）。Therearetwoextrasubtitleswhichyoudonotneedtouse。MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET。（10points）JustsayitBepresentPayauniquecomplimentName，places，thingsFindthe“metoo”sSkipthesmalltalkAskforanopinionFivewaystomakeconversationwithanyoneConversationsarelinks，whichmeanswhenyouhaveaconversationwithanewpersonalinkgetsformedandeveryconversationyouhaveafterthatmomentwillstrengthenthelink。Youmeetnewpeopleeveryday：thegroceryworker，thecabdriver，newpeopleatworkorthesecurityguardatthedoor。Simplystartingaconversationwiththemwillformalink。Herearefivesimplewaysthatyoucanmakethefirstmoveandstartaconversationwithstrangers。41、______________________________________________Supposeyouareinaroomwithsomeoneyoudon’tknowandsomethingwithinyousays“Iwanttotalkwiththisperson”-thisissomethingthatmostlyhappenswithallofus。Youwantedtosaysomething-thefirstword–butitjustwon’tcomeout，itfeelslikeitisstucksomewhere。Iknowthefeelingandhereismyadvice：justgetitout。Justthink：whatistheworstthatcouldhappen？Theywon’ttalkwithyou？Well，theyarenottalkingwithyounow！Itrulybelievethatonceyougetthatfirstwordouteverythingelsewilljustflow。Sokeepitsimple：“Hi”，“Hey”or“Hello”-dothebestyoucantogatheralloftheenthusiasmandenergyyoucan，putonabigsmileandsay“Hi”。42、______________________________________________Itisaproblemallofusface；youhavelimitedtimewiththepersonthatyouwanttotalkwithandyouwanttomakethistalkmemorable。Honestly，ifwegotstuckintheresultof“hi”，“hello”，”howareyou？”and“whatis

goingon？”，youwillfailtogivetheinitialjolttotheconversationthatcanmakeitsomemorable。Sodon’tbeafraidtoaskmorepersonalquestions。Trustme，you’llbesurprisedtoseehowmuchpeoplearewillingtoshareifyoujustask。43、______________________________________________When

you

meet

a

person

for

the

first

time，make

an

effort

to

find

the

things

which

you

and

that

person

have

in

common

so

that

you

can

build

the

conversation

from

that

point。

When

youstartconversationfromthereandthenmoveoutwards，you‘llfindallofasuddenthattheconversationbecomesaloteasier。44、______________________________________________Imagine

you

are

pouring

your

heart

out

to

someone

and

they

are

just

busy

on

their

phone，

and

if

you

ask

for

their

attention

you

get

the

response

“I

can

multitask”。So

when

someone

tries

to

communicate

with

you，

just

be

in

that

communication

wholeheartedly。

Mike

eye

contact。

Trust

me，

eye

contact

is

where

all

the

magic

happens。

When

you

make

eye

contact，

you

can

feel

the

conversation。45、______________________________________________You

all

came

into

a

conversation

where

you

first

met

the

person，

but

after

some

time

you

may

have

met

again

and

have

forgotten

their

name。

Isn’t

that

awkward！So，

remember

the

little

details

of

the

people

you

met

or

you

talked

with；

perhaps

the

places

they

have

been

to，

the

places

they

want

to

go，

the

things

they

like，

the

things

they

hate

-

whatever

you

talk

about。When

you

remember

such

things

you

can

automatically

become

investor

in

their

wellbeing。

So

they

feel

a

responsibility

to

you

to

keep

that

relationship

going。That’s

it。

Five

amazing

ways

that

you

can

make

conversation

with

almost

anyone。

Every

person

is

a

really

good

book

to

read，

or

to

have

a

conversation

with！SectionIII

Translation46.Directions：TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese。WriteyourtranslationneatlyontheANSWERSHEET。（15points）Afifthgradergetsahomeworkassignmenttoselecthisfuturecareerpathfromalistofoccupations。Heticks“astronaut”，butquicklyadds“scientist”tothelistandselectsitaswell。Theboyisconvincedthatifhereadsenough，hecanexploreasmanycareerpathsashelikes。Andsohereadseverythingfromencyclopediastosciencefictionnovels。Hereadssopassionatelythathisparentshavetoinstitutea“noreadingpolicy”atthedinnertable。ThatboywasBillGates，andhehasn’tstoppedreadingyet--notevenafterbecomingoneofthemostsuccessfulpeopleontheplanet。Nowadays，hisreadingmaterialhaschangedfromsciencefictionandreferencebooksrecently，herevealedthathereadsatleast50nonfictionbooksayear。Gateschoosesnonfictiontitlesbecausetheyexplainhowtheworldworks?！癊achbookopensupnewavenuesofknowledge，”Gatessays。Section

IV

WritingPartA47、Directions：SupposeyouhavetocancelyourtravelplanandwillnotbeabletovisitprofessorSmith，writehimanemailto1）apologizeandexplainthesituationandsuggestafuturemeeting。2）Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET。Donotuseyourownname；Use“LiMing”instead。Donotwriteyouraddress（10points）。Part

B48、Directions：Writeanessaybasedonthechartbelow。

Inyourwriting，youshould

1）

interpretthechart，and2）

giveyourcommentsYoushouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET。（15points）2017年某市消費(fèi)者選擇餐廳時(shí)的關(guān)注因素2018年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)（二）試題答案詳解注意：英語(yǔ)試卷為花卷，以答案內(nèi)容進(jìn)行核對(duì)SectionIUseofEnglish1、[答案][B]resolve[解析]此處考察詞義辨析。首段首句以問(wèn)句形式提出文章中心：人們?yōu)g覽網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)面評(píng)論信息以及做一些明顯令人痛苦的事情的原因。第二句給出原因：因?yàn)槿藗儍?nèi)心里有一種____（生活中的）不確定因素或不安的需求，空格處所需的動(dòng)詞需要和后面的賓語(yǔ)uncertainty構(gòu)成語(yǔ)義搭配。B選項(xiàng)resolve（解決、消除）符合語(yǔ)義要求；A選項(xiàng)protect（保護(hù)），C選項(xiàng)discuss（討論），D選項(xiàng)ignore（忽略）帶入空格后，語(yǔ)義不通順，均排除。故正確答案為B選項(xiàng)resolve。2、[答案][D]seek[解析]此處考察詞義辨析。空格所在句指出：這項(xiàng)新研究表明，這種求知需求如此強(qiáng)烈以至于人們會(huì)_____（答案）來(lái)滿足他們的好奇心即使他們清楚答案會(huì)_____?？崭裉幩钊氲脑~需要和后面隱含的賓語(yǔ)答案來(lái)構(gòu)成順暢的語(yǔ)義搭配，只有D選項(xiàng)seek（試圖、設(shè)法、尋找）符合要求；A選項(xiàng)refuse（拒絕），B選wait（等待），C選項(xiàng)regret（遺憾）帶入后，語(yǔ)義不通順。故正確答案為[D]seek。3、[答案][A]hurt[解析]此處考察詞義辨析?？崭袼诰渲赋觯哼@項(xiàng)新研究表明，這種求知需求如此強(qiáng)烈以至于人們尋找答案來(lái)滿足他們的好奇心即使答案明顯本句中的evenwhen（即使）構(gòu)成了前后的對(duì)立關(guān)系，因此空格處所填入的詞需和前面的感情色彩詞“strong”及語(yǔ)義構(gòu)成對(duì)立，只有A選項(xiàng)hurt（令人痛苦）符合要求；另外此處的itisclearthattheanswerwillhurt也和第一句中的thatwillobviouslybepainful構(gòu)成了近義復(fù)現(xiàn)。故A選項(xiàng)為正確答案。4、[答案][D]expose[解析]此處考察固定短語(yǔ)?？崭袼谔?，構(gòu)成了___oneselftosth結(jié)構(gòu)，只有D選項(xiàng)expose符合要求（使某人暴露在……中），故D選項(xiàng)expose為正確答案。5、[答案][C]trail[解析]此處考察詞義辨析。本段段首提到“aseriesoffourexperiments”，空格所在句給出其中一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的信息，只有C選項(xiàng)trail與experiment語(yǔ)義相近，故正確答案為C選項(xiàng)trail。6、[答案][D]deliver[解析]此處考察上下文信息對(duì)應(yīng)以及動(dòng)賓搭配問(wèn)題。上文指出：Foronetrial，eachparticipantwasshownapileofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefromapreviousexperiment。在一個(gè)試驗(yàn)中，研究人員給每位受試者一堆筆并聲稱其源于先前的實(shí)驗(yàn)。這是實(shí)驗(yàn)的背景。下文具體實(shí)驗(yàn)展開(kāi)，Halfofthepenswould…anelectricshockwhenclicked。有一半的比在按下的時(shí)候會(huì)使使人觸電。所以比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，要選擇deliver，發(fā)出，遞送。因此選擇D。deliver7、[答案][A]when

[解析]此處考察上下文句間的邏輯關(guān)系?？涨翱蘸笫菭钫Z(yǔ)的關(guān)系。上文講的是Twenty-sevenstudentsweretoldwhichpenswererigged；another27weretoldonly…研究人員告知了27名受試學(xué)生哪些筆是內(nèi)有玄機(jī)，而另外27名學(xué)生只知道有些筆是帶電的。下文就是具體的發(fā)生的實(shí)驗(yàn)狀態(tài)了。當(dāng)他們獨(dú)自在房里時(shí)，…而不是條件if，unless或者轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。因此選擇A。8、[答案][B]happen[解析]此處考察上下語(yǔ)境下的句內(nèi)動(dòng)詞關(guān)系。根據(jù)上文的實(shí)驗(yàn)背景，試驗(yàn)中27個(gè)人知道哪些筆是內(nèi)有玄機(jī)，而另外27名學(xué)生只知道有些筆是帶電的。下面的告知了實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)論：當(dāng)他們獨(dú)自在房里時(shí)，那些不知哪些筆帶電的學(xué)生按下了更多的筆頭，比這些受試者多，后面是定語(yǔ)，顯然這些受試者是只上文被告知的人，所以這些人知道thestudentswhoknewwhatwouldhappen，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果性。所以選擇B。happen9、[答案][D]suchas[解析]此處考察句間的邏輯關(guān)系。上文在之后其他刺激因素的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，后文講到具體的實(shí)驗(yàn)：指甲刮黑板的聲音和令人生厭的昆蟲(chóng)圖片顯然這里需要例證關(guān)系，故選擇D.suchas10、[答案][A]discover[解析]此處考察上下文的信息對(duì)應(yīng)和句內(nèi)信息對(duì)應(yīng)。這是個(gè)中心復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，文章開(kāi)篇提出：Thehumandrivetoresolveuncertaintyissostrong

…人們對(duì)于尋找答案以消除不確定因素總是樂(lè)此不疲。再根據(jù)上文的實(shí)驗(yàn)，都表示這是一種discover的需求，越是不確定的，越好奇。故選擇A。discover11、[答案][D]food[解析]此處考察同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。這個(gè)空出現(xiàn)在卡內(nèi)基梅隆大學(xué)（CarnegieMellonUniversity）的觀點(diǎn)中，前后觀點(diǎn)沒(méi)有任何轉(zhuǎn)折連詞，所以前后句應(yīng)該一脈相承。前文中thedriveisdeeplyrootedinhuman，指的是人類根深蒂固的本性，而且后文也說(shuō)到curiosityisagoodinstinct（本能），探索的動(dòng)力在人類中根深蒂固，與食物或避難所的基本動(dòng)力相當(dāng)。因此此處應(yīng)該選food。A選項(xiàng)pay支付；B選項(xiàng)marriage婚姻；C選項(xiàng)schooling學(xué)習(xí)教育，皆不符合文意。12、[答案][A]leadto[解析]此處考察成分搭配。原文表達(dá)：好奇心通常被認(rèn)為是一種很好的本能——它會(huì)________新的科學(xué)進(jìn)步，此處選擇A選項(xiàng)leadto符合文意。B選項(xiàng)reston取決于；C選項(xiàng)learnfrom向…學(xué)習(xí)；D選項(xiàng)beginwith以…開(kāi)始，皆不符合文意。13、[答案][C]inquiry[解析]此處考察反義復(fù)現(xiàn)。原文表達(dá)：butsometimessuch_________canbackfire。but一詞的出現(xiàn)就說(shuō)明前后兩句話是轉(zhuǎn)折句義，前文說(shuō)好奇心會(huì)帶來(lái)新的科學(xué)進(jìn)步；后文的一個(gè)指示代詞such一出現(xiàn)，就證明和前句的主語(yǔ)是一致的，在此只能選擇curiosity的近義詞，為Cinquiry。A選項(xiàng)withdrawal撤回；B選項(xiàng)persistence堅(jiān)持；D選項(xiàng)diligence勤奮，皆不符合文意。14、[答案][B]self-destructive[解析]此處考察成分搭配。Theinsightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo______thingsisaprofoundone。因?yàn)榍拔挠兴崾荆琤utsometimessuch_________canbackfire，有時(shí)候好奇心會(huì)適得其反，這句話也是對(duì)于上文的承接，因此這里需要填入的是好奇心帶來(lái)的副作用的表達(dá)，因此選[B]self-destructive自我毀滅的。A選項(xiàng)self-reliant自力更生的；C選項(xiàng)self-evident顯而易見(jiàn)的；D選項(xiàng)self-deceptive自欺欺人的，皆不符合文意。15、[答案][B]resist[解析]此處考察同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。Unhealthycuriosityispossibleto__________，however。這句話之后出現(xiàn)了論據(jù)，用以支撐前文的論點(diǎn)：Inafinalexperiment，participantswhowereencouragedtopredicthowtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelytochoosetoseesuchanimage，在最后的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，那些積極預(yù)測(cè)自己目睹不太悅目圖片感受的受試者，他們選擇此類圖片的可能性較小。此處picturewerelesslikelytochoosetoseesuchanimage=resist，是對(duì)于本段論點(diǎn)句的同義復(fù)現(xiàn)，因?yàn)檫x擇B選項(xiàng)resist。A選項(xiàng)define定義；C選項(xiàng)replace替代；D選項(xiàng)trace追蹤，皆不符合文意。16、[答案][B]predict[解析]此處考察句間邏輯關(guān)系，屬于句子內(nèi)部的顯性線索。本段首句是本段的中心：然而，抵制病態(tài)的好奇心理是并非不可能。所以可以預(yù)測(cè)出這一段會(huì)圍繞抵制病態(tài)的好奇心會(huì)有什么好的影響。Inafinalexperiment，participantswhowereencouragedto16howtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelyto17toseesuchanimage.16題所在句子是participant