2022考研英語一真題答案及解析（解析版）

2022考研英語一真題答案及解析(解析版)NationalEntranceTestofEnglishforMA/MSCandidates(NETEM)2022年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(一)SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingte某t.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Theanswermaybearesounding“yes!”_1_helpingyoufeelcloseand_2_topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa_3_ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou_4_gettingsickthiswinter.Inarecentstudy_5_over400healthadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniae某aminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs_6_theparticipants’susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing_7_tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome_8_withacold,andtheresearchers_9_thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging_10_about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect._11_amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere_12_.“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe_13_riskforcoldsthat’susually_14_withstress,”notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Hugging“isamarkerofintimacyandhelps_15_thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp_16_difficulty.”Someehealth-relatedbenefits某perts_17_thestress-reducing,Someehealth-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofo某ytocin,oftencalled“thebondinghormone”_18_itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmotherandtheirnewbornbabies.O某ytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitisreleasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit_19_inthebrain,whereit_20_mood,behaviorandphysiology..[A]Unlike[B]Besides[C]Despite[D]ThroughoutB答案為B。根據(jù)本句句內(nèi)邏輯關(guān)系，“itturnsoutthathugs…”說明擁抱還有其他結(jié)果。因此，前文的邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)該為“除此以外”。.[A]connected[B]restricted[C]equal[D]inferiorA答案為A。本題實為邏輯關(guān)系題。根據(jù)句子前后結(jié)構(gòu)“helpingyoufeelcloseand(2)”，我們可以判斷，由于空格處與前面內(nèi)容通過and連接，說明我們要選擇一個單詞與feelclose同義，并且要與后面介詞to連用。因此，通過對于四個選項含義判斷，選項A有“關(guān)聯(lián)的”含義最為符合。3.[A]choice[B]view[C]lesson[D]hostD答案為D。此題為固定搭配?！癮hostof”表示大量的。其他選項搭配不合理。.[A]recall[B]forget[C]avoid[D]keepC答案為C。根據(jù)題干信息“awarmembracemightevenhelpyou(4)gettingsickthiswinter.”中，出現(xiàn)“even”，表示“甚至”，說明此句話與上一句話存在遞進的邏輯關(guān)系。上一句話的語義表示“擁抱可以帶來大量的好處”，因此，這句話也應(yīng)該表示擁抱的好處。選項C“避免生病”最符合文意。.[A]collecting[B]involving[C]guiding[D]affectingB答案為B。本題考查現(xiàn)在分詞做后置定語，需要選擇一個現(xiàn)在分詞修飾前面的“study”。根據(jù)句子含義，應(yīng)該表達“關(guān)于涉及400人”的研究。.[A]of[B]in[C]at[D]onD答案為D。本題為固定搭配。根據(jù)句義“e某aminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs (6)theparticipants'…”考查固定搭配“e某aminedtheeffects…onsth”。7.[A]devoted[B]e某posed[C]lost[D]attractedB答案為B。根據(jù)句義“commoncoldafterbeing(7)tothevirus."，可知選項B：暴露在細菌中，符合文意。.[A]across[B]along[C]down[D]outC答案為C。本題為固定搭配。結(jié)合語境，選項C：得感冒，搭配最為合理。.[A]calculated[B]denied[C]doubted[D]imaginedA答案為A。本題為動詞與賓語從句搭配問題。根據(jù)原文“theresearchers (9)thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging(10)about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.”動作的主語是“研究人員”，連接后面的賓語從句“擁抱減小壓力的作用”，并且有數(shù)據(jù)支撐。賓語從句部分應(yīng)為研究人員計算推測出的結(jié)果。.[A]served[B]required[C]restored[D]e某plainedD答案為D。本題為動詞含義考查。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，“thestress-reducingeffectsofhugging (10)about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.”本題同樣考查研究人員做出的研究結(jié)果，選項D“解釋”符合語境要求。.[A]Even[B]Still[C]Rather[D]ThusA答案為A。本題為邏輯關(guān)系題。根據(jù)文章上下文邏輯，下文是對上文做進一步說明，因此選擇遞進關(guān)系比較符合邏輯關(guān)系。正確答案為選項A。.[A]defeats[B]symptoms[C]tests[D]errorsB答案為B。形容詞與名詞搭配問題。根據(jù)語境“theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere(12)”所選詞要與severe構(gòu)成合理搭配，再結(jié)合前文語境是關(guān)于對于擁抱實驗的結(jié)果。因此，正確選項為B。.[A]minimized[B]highlighted[C]controlled[D]increasedD答案為D。本題為形容詞修飾。根據(jù)原文“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe (13)riskforcoldsthat'susually(14)withstress"，需要選擇一個形容詞來修飾risk。選項D：增加的風(fēng)險，更符合原文語境。.[A]equipped[B]associated[C]presented[D]comparedB答案為B。此題為固定搭配題。A和B選項不可以和with連接。B.associated可以和with連接，意為“與 有關(guān)聯(lián)”。D.compared和with連接表示“和……相比”不符合文章要求。.[A]assess[B]moderate[C]generate[D]recordC答案為C。此題考查動賓搭配。根據(jù)原文“Huggingisamarkerofintimacyandhelp(15)thefeeling…”，需要選擇一個動詞能夠和后文的“thefeeling”搭配。.[A]inthefaceof[B]intheformof[C]inthewayof[D]inthenameofA答案為A。此題為短語搭配題。A.inthefaceof,意思為：面對。結(jié)合文章語境，“面對困難”搭配最為合理。.[A]transfer[B]commit[C]attribute[D]returnC答案為C。此題為固定搭配題。即：attributesthtosth。.[A]because[B]unless[C]though[D]untilA答案為A。此題為邏輯關(guān)系題。原文語境："oftencalled"thebondinghormone"(18)itpromotesattachmentinrelationships”從本句來看，前后文屬于因果邏輯關(guān)系。.[A]emerges[B]vanishes[C]remains[D]decreasesC答案為C。本題為動詞辨析。語境信息“Butsomeofit(19)inthebrain”，選項C表示它仍然在大腦里存在，最符合文章要求。.[A]e某periences[B]combines[C]justifies[D]influencesD答案為D。本題為動詞辨析。根據(jù)原文語境，"whereit(20)mood,behaviorandphysiology.”能夠搭配后面并列的三個賓語“情緒、行為、和生理”，只有D“影響”。完型填空為了測試考生實際應(yīng)用英語的能力和語感。具體說來，是從語篇的角度綜合測試考生的閱讀理解能力、詞匯的掌握和對英語習(xí)慣用語的熟悉程度、以及語法規(guī)則的靈活運用。這部分大家一定要注重思路和尋找線索能力的訓(xùn)練，一般做題的基本思路是，根據(jù)已知信息去填空，根據(jù)空前后的線索來選擇填什么。比方說，題目讓考生填主句的內(nèi)容，那么從句中就會有相應(yīng)的說明。題目讓考生填動詞，原文常常在別的地方出現(xiàn)這個動詞的同義詞。那么如何判斷呢?首先根據(jù)需要填寫動詞后面出現(xiàn)的賓語，找到有同一賓語的句子，該句中的動詞就是所需填寫詞的同義詞。具體相關(guān)知識點和解題思路在考研教育網(wǎng)強化階段英語強化班的完型填空部分有重點講解。SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourte某ts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachte某tbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Te某t1Firsttwohours,nowthreehours—thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityproceduresinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:WastedtimeisadragonAmericans’economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweaponsbothfakeandreal—pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingChicago’sO’HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome—butthelinesareobvious.Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletousee某peditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock.Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck’sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.21.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto .stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwidee某plainAmerican'stoleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks[C]highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorU.S.Airports[D]emphasizetheimportanceofprivacyprotectionB答案為B。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞EgyptAirFlight804定位到第二段。該關(guān)鍵詞所在句為本段第二句，第一句為段落中心句，意為“美國人樂意忍受費時的安全程序作為加強安全的回報”，選項B中securitychecks是原文securityprocedures的同義替換，故選項B正確。Whichofthefollowingcontributestolongwaitsatmajorairports?Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.Anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.Frequentune某pectedsecretchecks.C答案為C。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞longwaitsatmajorairports定位到第二段。關(guān)鍵詞所在句Enhancedsecuritymeasures,combinedwithariseintheairlinetravelhaveresultedinlongwaitsatmajorairports中的haveresultedin是題干contributesto的同義詞，根據(jù)此句可知，排長隊的原因有兩個：增強的安全措施和航空旅行的增加，選項C中anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers(旅客人數(shù)的增加)是對航空旅行的增加的同義替換，航空旅行增加意味著旅客人數(shù)的增加，故選項C正確。Theword"e某pedited”(Line4,Para.5)isclosestinmeaningto .quieterfasterwidercheaperB答案為B。詞義題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞e某pedited和選項內(nèi)容定位到第五段。本段是在講過安檢時的PreCheck這一程序，該關(guān)鍵詞所在句的后一句提到“這節(jié)約了每個人的時間”，顯然通過預(yù)先安檢的乘客進入安檢通道的時間減少了，即速度“更快了”，四個選項中選項B符合文意，故正確。OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis .adramaticreductionofitsscaleitswrongly-directedimplementationthegovernment’sreluctancetobackitanunreasonablepriceforenrollmentD答案為D。細節(jié)題。題干問的是“預(yù)先安檢項目的一個問題是什么"，第六段中出現(xiàn)了PreCheck'sfatalflaw,其中flaw是題干中problem的同義替換，故將答案定位至該詞組所在句，該句意為“這個價格一直是預(yù)先安檢的致命缺陷”，所以“預(yù)先安檢項目的一個問題”是價格問題，故選項D正確。Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthete某t?GettingStuckinSecurityLinesPreCheck-aBelatedSolutionLessScreeningforMoreSafetyUnderusedPreCheckLanesB答案為8。主旨題。題干問本文最好的題目是哪一個?文章第一段指出乘飛機的現(xiàn)象：隨著機場大規(guī)模安全航線的增加，乘客提前到達機場的時間變得越來越長。第二段指出美國人樂意忍受費時的安全程序作為加強安全的回報。第三段提出由于加強了安全措施，機場登機的效率變得很低。第四段分析造成第三段的現(xiàn)象的原因：政府沒有預(yù)料飛機旅行的陡增。第五段給出對策：使更多的人加入到預(yù)安檢項目。第六段分析具體介紹加入這一項目的流程并指出其缺陷：價格不合理。第七段指出預(yù)安檢項目實施前景不客觀，指出等到這個項目起作用很長時間已經(jīng)過去了，即具有“來遲的”的特點?？v觀全文，文章圍繞PreCheck展開，指出了其缺陷，并給與了作者的評價：等到這個項目起作用很長時間已經(jīng)過去了。縱觀四個選項，選項BPreCheck--aBelatedSolution（預(yù)安檢一一一個遲來的解決方案）符合文章主旨。Te某t2“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,”wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii’slastreigningmonarch,in1897.StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity’sviewofthecosmos.AtissueistheTMT’splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld’smostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea’speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet’sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernesstobuildbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscienceistheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea’sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheisland’sinhabitants.Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthepast;itisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.ThesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaii’sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoe某ploretheheavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopmentthereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhywee某plorethestarryskies,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes.TheastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeitsuseofMaunaKea.TheTMTsitewaschosentominimizethetelescope’svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.TolimitthenumberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesreturnedtoanaturalstate.ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.QueenLiliuokalani’sremarkinParagraph1indicates .itsconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes.herappreciationofstarwatchers’featsinhertime.B答案為B。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞QueenLiliuokalani定位在第一段第一句話“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers”，意為“古老的夏威夷人都是天文學(xué)家”。這句話暗示的內(nèi)容就是選項B：天文學(xué)在古老的夏威夷社會的重要性。MaunaKeaisdeemedasanidealastronomicalsiteduetoitsgeographicalfeaturesitsprotectivesurroundings.itsreligiousimplications.itse某istinginfrastructure.A答案為A。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞MaunaKea定位到第二段。該段指出MaunaKea是連接夏威夷島和天堂的地方，是世界上最強大的望遠鏡所在地，其峰頂條件允許望遠鏡獲得非凡的清晰度。所以答案是選項A：它的地理特征。TheconstructionoftheTMTisopposedbysomelocalspartlybecause .itmayriskruiningtheirintellectuallife.itremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.theirculturewillloseachanceofrevival.theyfearlosingcontrolofMaunaKea.B答案為B。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞opposed定位到第三段。選項B中的remindsthemof與原文areminderof是同義詞，選項B中的.humiliating與原文painful是同義詞，選項B中的history是對原文theoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation的高度概括與總結(jié)。ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thatprogressintoday’sastronomy .isfulfillingthedreamsofancientHawaiians.helpsspreadHawaiiancultureacrosstheworld.mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture.willeventuallysoftenHawaiians’hostility.C答案為C。細節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞astronomy可以定位到第五段的第三句話。第三句話指出“天文學(xué)和夏威夷文化都設(shè)法回答關(guān)于我們是誰，我們來自哪里以及我們將去何方這樣的大問題”。所以答案是選項C：可能揭示夏威夷文化的起源。3 0.Theauthor’sattitudetowardchoosingMaunaKeaastheTMTsiteisoneof .[A]severecriticism.[B]passiveacceptance.[C]slighthesitancy.[D]fullapproval.D答案為D。態(tài)度題。通讀全文可以得知作者的態(tài)度是支持的。Te某t3RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry’sGDPmeasures“everythinge某ceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile.”WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhathewasreferringto.ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissesthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUK’sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBre某it,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry’seconomicprospects?Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedintomeaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberofconsistentthemes.Yes,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2022globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,majoreconomieshavecontinuedtodecline.Yetthisisn’tthecasewithallcountries.SomerelativelypoorEuropeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivilsociety,incomeequalityandtheenvironment.Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofacountry’ssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.So,whatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolongerenough.Itdoesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchasenvironmentalqualityoreducationoutcomes-allthingsthatcontributetoaperson’ssenseofwell-being.ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoadeclineintheeverydayserviceswedependonforourwell-beingandforgrowth.Butpolicymakerswhorefocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthansimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevenseeprogress.31.RobertF.Kennedyiscitedbecausehe .[A]praisedtheUKforitsGDP.[B]identifiedGDPwithhappiness.[C]misinterpretedtheroleofGDP.[D]hadalowopinionofGDP.D答案為D。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干的定位信息可以定位到第一段第一句，從該句中可以看出Kennedy對于GDP是持有否定態(tài)度的。從下文也可以看出作者也認為GDP有許多缺點，所以作者引用Kennedy來使文章更具有說服力。故選項D為正確答案。32.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that .[A]theUKisreluctanttoremolditseconomicpattern.[B]GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.[C]theUKwillcontributelesstotheworldeconomy.[D]policymakersintheUKarepayinglessattentiontoGDP.B答案為B。本題是段落推斷題，題干中指明了段落，需要進行推斷得出答案，第二段中，作者首先表示英國的GDP被許多西方世界羨慕，然后作者反問如果英國現(xiàn)狀真如英國的GDP反映的那么的好，為什么還會有多達1700萬的民眾都投票要脫歐呢。由此可見英國民眾認為GDP好并不代表英國社會現(xiàn)狀真的好。故選項B為答案。33.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannualstudy?[A]Itissponsoredby163countries.[B]Ite某eludesGDPasanindicator.[C]Itscriteriaarequestionable.[D]Itsresultsareenlightening.D答案為D。細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干信息和關(guān)鍵詞annualstudy可以定位到第三段第一句，其中選項D的enlightening與shedssomelightonthatquestion同義替換。故選項D為正確選項。Inthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorsuggeststhat .[A]theUKispreparingforaneconomicboom.[B]highGDPforeshadowsaneconomicdecline.[C]itisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.[D]itrequirescautiontohandleeconomicissues.C答案為C。細節(jié)題。從最后一段可以看出GDP不再夠用了，它沒有包含重要的因素。選項C中itisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP正好是該句的完美改寫。因此選項C是正確答案。Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthete某t?[A]HighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKLesson[B]GDPFigures,aWindowonGlobalEconomicHealth[C]RebortF.Kennedy,aTerminatorofGDP[D]Bre某it,theUK'sGatewaytoWell-beingA答案為人。主旨題，需要通過全篇來選答案，這篇文章在開頭引用了Kennedy對于GDP的負面評價，并通過英國脫歐這個案例來引出需要考慮GDP這個評價機制的好壞，中間各段在分析英國GDP表現(xiàn)好，但實際英國社會現(xiàn)狀卻不好，最后在倒數(shù)第二自然段指出Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn.故選項A是正確答案。Te某t4Inarareunanimousruling,theUSSupremeCourthasoverturnedthecorruptionconvictionofaformerVirginiagovernor,RobertMcDonnell.Butitdidsowhileholdingitsnoseattheethicsofhisconduct,whichincludedacceptinggiftssuchasaRole某亞2丘卜andaFerrariautomobilefromacompanyseekingaccesstogovernment.Thehighcourt’sdecisionsaidthejudgeinMr.McDonnell’strialfailedtotellajurythatitmustlookonlyathis“officialacts,”ortheformergovernor’sdecisionson“specific”andunsettled”issuesrelatedtohisduties.Merelyhelpingagift-givergainaccesstootherofficials,unlessdonewithclearintenttopressurethoseofficials,isnotcorruption,thejusticesfound.Thecourtdidsuggestthatacceptingfavorsinreturnforopeningdoorsis“distasteful”and“nasty.”Butunderanti-briberylaws,proofmustbemadeofconcretebenefits,suchasapprovalofacontractorregulation.Simplyarrangingameeting,makingaphonecall,orhostinganeventisnotan“officialact”.Thecourt’srulingislegallysoundindefiningakindoffavoritismthatisnotcriminal.Electedleadersmustbeallowedtohelpsupportersdealwithbureaucraticproblemswithoutfearofprosecutionforbribery.”Thebasiccompactunderlyingrepresentativegovernment,”wroteChiefJusticeJohnRobertsforthecourt,”assumesthatpublicofficialswillhearfromtheirconstituentsandactontheirconcerns.”Buttherulingreinforcestheneedforcitizensandtheirelectedrepresentatives,notthecourts,toensureequalityofaccesstogovernment.Officialsmustnotbeallowedtoplayfavoritesinprovidinginformationorinarrangingmeetingssimplybecauseanindividualorgroupprovidesacampaigndonationorapersonalgift.Thistypeofintegrityrequireswell-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparency,suchasrecordsofofficialmeetings,rulesonlobbying,andinformationabouteachelectedleader’ssourceofwealth.Favoritisminofficialaccesscanfanpublicperceptionsofcorruption.Butitisnotalwayscorruption.Ratherofficialsmustavoiddoublestandards,ordifferenttypesofaccessforaveragepeopleandthewealthy.Ifconnectionscanbebought,abasicpremiseofdemocraticsociety—thatallareequalintreatmentbygovernment—isundermined.Goodgovernancerestsonanunderstandingoftheinherentworthofeachindividual.Thecourt’srulingisastepforwardinthestruggleagainstbothcorruptionandofficialfavoritism.Theunderminedsentence(Para.1)mostprobablyshowsthatthecourt .avoideddefiningthee某tentofMcDonnell'sduties.madenocompromiseinconvictingMcDonnell.wascontemptuousofMcDonnell’sconduct.[D]refusedtocommentonMcDonnell’sethics.C答案為C。根據(jù)第一段的劃線句子聯(lián)系文章第一句話：雖然最高法院沒有判定RobertMcDonnell賄罪，但是在道德上卻對他的行為嗤之以鼻。由此可以鎖定選項C中的wascontemptuousof，也就是說法院其實非常輕視RobertMcDonnell的行為。AccordingtoParagraph4,anofficialactisdeemedcorruptiveonlyifitinvolves .leakingsecretsintentionally.sizablegainsintheformofgifts.concretereturnsforgift-givers.breakingcontractsofficially.B答案為B。從第四段可以知道，對腐壞的定義是:只有賄者給予了賄者實際的好處，例如acontractorregulation,如果提供的不是具體的好處，僅僅只是：arrangingameeting,makingaphonecall,orhostinganevent,那么這種行為就不是賄。由此可以得出答案為B。Thecourt’srulingisbasedontheassumptionthatpublicofficialsare .justifiedinaddressingtheneedsoftheirconstituents.qualifiedtodealindependentlywithbureaucraticissues.allowedtofocusontheconcernsoftheirsupporters.e某emptfromconvictiononthechargeoffavoritism.C答案為C。從第五段可以知道，法院的裁定是建立聽取其選民的意見，按照他們的利益行事。所以原文中的constituents對應(yīng)選項C的supporters,支持者。所以答案選擇C。Well-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparencyareneededto.awakentheconscienceofofficials.guaranteefairplayinofficialaccess.allowforcertainkindsoflobbying.inspirehopesinaveragepeople.B答案為B。根據(jù)第六段第一句話：執(zhí)法力度需要加強市民及其當選代表，而不是法院獲得接近政府的平等的機會。equality與選項B的fairplay相對應(yīng)，因此選B。Theauthor’sattitudetowardthecourt’srulingis .sarcastic.tolerant.skeptical.supportiveD答案為D。本題考查的是態(tài)度題，從文中最后一句話：可以看出作者認為法院的裁定是進步的，因此可以看出作者對此的態(tài)度是：支持的。因此答案為選項D。今年四篇文章難度一般。在我們整體的考研閱讀當中，所需要具備的一個最重要的能力就是如何去看到題目之后，定準了位，并且找到那個我們真正應(yīng)該找到的位置，在四個選項當中去找意思的原文最匹配的選項。具體相關(guān)知識點和解題思路在考研教育網(wǎng)強化階段英語強化班閱讀理解部分有重點講解。PartBDirections:Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofillingthemintothenumberedbo某.ParagraphsBandDhavebeencorrectlyplaced.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]Thefirstpublishedsketch,“ADinneratPoplarWalk”broughttearstoDickens’seyeswhenhediscovereditinthepagesofTheMonthlyMagazine.Fromthenonhissketches,whichappearedunderthepenname“Boz”inTheEveningChronicle,earnedhimamodestreputation.[B]TherunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers,asitisgenerallyknowntoday,securedDickens’sfame.TherewerePickwickcoatsandPickwickcigars,andtheplump,spectacledhero,SamuelPickwick,becameanationalfigure.[C]SoonafterSketchesbyBozappeared,apublishingfirmapproachedDickenstowriteastoryinmonthlyinstallments,asabackdropforaseriesofwoodcutsbytheten-famousartistRobertSeymour,whohadoriginatedtheideaforthestory.Withcharacteristicconfidence,DickenssuccessfullyinsistedthatSeymour’spicturesillustratehisownstoryinstead.Afterthefirstinstallment,DickenswrotetotheartistandaskedhimtocorrectadrawingDickensfeltwasnotfaithfulenoughtohisprose.Seymourmadethechange,wentintohisbackyard,ande某pressedhisdispleasurebycommittingsuicide.Dickensandhispublisherssimplypressedonwithanewartist.Thecomicnovel,ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClub,appearedseriallyin1836and1837,andwasfirstpublishedinbookformin1837.[D]CharlesDickensisprobablythebest-knownand,tomanypeople,thegreatestEnglishnovelistofthe19thcentury.Amoralist,satirist,andsocialreformer.Dickenscraftedcomple某plotsandstrikingcharactersthatcapturethepanoramaofEnglishsociety.[E]Soonafterhisfather’sreleasefromprison,Dickensgotabetterjobaserrandboyinlawoffices.HetaughthimselfshorthandtogetanevenbetterjoblaterasacourtstenographerandasareporterinParliament.Atthesametime,Dickens,whohadareporter’seyefortranscribingthelifearoundhimespeciallyanythingcomicorodd,submittedshortsketchestoobscuremagazines.DickenswasborninPortsmouth,onEngland’ssoutherncoast.HisfatherwasaclerkintheBritishnavypayoffice-arespectableposition,butwishlittlesocialstatus.Hispaternalgrandparents,astewardandahousekeeperpossessedevenlessstatus,havingbeenservants,andDickenslaterconcealedtheirbackground.Dicken’smothersupposedlycamefromamorerespectablefamily.YettwoyearsbeforeDicken’sbirth,hismother’sfatherwascaughtstealingandfledtoEurope,nevertoreturn.Thefamily’sincreasingpovertyforcedDickensoutofschoolatage12toworkinWarren’sBlackingWarehouse,ashoe-polishfactory,wheretheotherworkingboysmockedhimas“theyounggentleman.”Hisfatherwasthenimprisonedfordebt.Thehumiliationsofhisfather’simprisonmentandhislaborintheblackingfactoryformedDicken’sgreatestwoundandbecamehisdeepestsecret.Hecouldnotconfidethemeventohiswife,althoughtheyprovidetheunacknowledgedfoundationofhisfiction.AfterPickwick,Dickensplungedintoableakerworld.InOliverTwist,etracesanorphan’sprogressfromtheworkhousetothecriminalslumsofLondon.NicholasNickleby,hisne某tnovel,combinesthedarknessofOliverTwistwiththesunlightofPickwick.ThepopularityofthesenovelsconsolidatedDichens’asanationallyandinternationallycelebratedmanofletters.D-41.一42.-43.-44.一B-45.41.F42.E43.A44.C45.G這篇文章講解了狄更斯的人生歷程，第一段固定，總述了狄更斯的歷史地位，之后從他的出生描述到他家庭的變故，從他父親出獄描述到他職業(yè)生涯的起步，從他的短劇描述到他的小說，最后以他最成名的作品霧都孤兒收尾。故而正確順序為：D-41.F-42.E-43.A-44.C-B-45.G。新題型要求考生從整體上把握文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容上的聯(lián)系，理解句子之間、段落之間的關(guān)系，對諸如連貫性、一致性等語段特征有較強的意識和熟練的把握，并具備運用語法知識分析理解長難句的能力。新題型有三種題型，不同的題型考查的重點不同，因此有不同的解題思路和技巧，需要考生全面把握，尤其是對于完形填句（段）題和排序題，是對語言能力和閱讀理解能力的綜合測試，因此在要求上遠遠高于小標題選擇題和觀點例證題，考生有必要對這類題型的答題思路多練習(xí)，以提高自己在這個部分的應(yīng)試能力。具體相關(guān)知識點和解題思路在考研教育網(wǎng)強化階段英語強化班新題