外研版新課標三起點小學英語語法及習題

外研版新課標三起點小學英語語法及習題外研版新課標三起點小學英語語法及習題外研版新課標三起點小學英語語法及習題資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月外研版新課標三起點小學英語語法及習題版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準:發(fā)布日期：小學英語語法及習題一、名詞復數(shù)規(guī)則

1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books,

bag-bags,

cat-cats,

bed-beds

2．以s.

x.

sh.

ch結尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,

box-boxes,

brush-brushes,

watch-watches

3．以“輔音字母+y”結尾，變y為i,

再加-es，如：family-families,

strawberry-strawberries

4．以“f或fe”結尾，變f或fe為v,

再加-es，如：knife-knives

5．不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù)：

man-men,

woman-women,

policeman-policemen,

child-children，policewoman-policewomen,

mouse-mice

，foot-feet,

tooth-teeth，fish-fish,

people-people,

Chinese-Chinese,

Japanese-Japanese

寫出下列各詞的復數(shù)

I

_________him

_________this

___________her

______sand_____watch

_______child

_______photo

________diary

______day_____

foot________

book_______

dress

________tooth_______

man_____sheep

______box_______

thief

_______

peach______

wich

______

woman_______

paper_______

juice___________

water_______milk________

rice__________

tea__________strawberry

________二、一般現(xiàn)在時

（一）一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹

1、表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The

sky

is

blue.天空是藍色的。2、表示經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。如：I

get

up

at

six

every

day.我每天六點起床。

3、表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：The

earth

goes

around

the

sun.地球繞著太陽轉。

（二）一般現(xiàn)在時的構成

1、

be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I

am

a

boy.我是一個男孩。

2、行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如：We

study

English.我們學習英語。

當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,

she,

it)時，要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary

likes

Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。

（三）一般現(xiàn)在時的變化

1、

be動詞的變化。

否定句：主語+

be

+

not

+其它。如：He

is

not

a

worker.他不是工人。

一般疑問句：Be

+主語+其它。如：-Are

you

a

student?

-Yes.

I

am.

/

No,

I'm

not.

特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where

is

my

bike?

2、行為動詞的變化。

否定句：主語+

don't(

doesn't

)

+動詞原形(+其它)。如：I

don't

like

bread.

當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用doesn't構成否定句。如：He

doesn't

often

play.

一般疑問句：Do(

Does

)

+主語+動詞原形+其它。如：

Do

you

often

play

football?

-

Yes,

I

do.

/

No,

I

don't.

當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構成一般疑問句。如：Does

she

go

to

work

by

bike?

Yes,

she

does.

/

No,

she

doesn't.

4

、特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How

does

your

father

go

to

work?

5、動詞+s的變化規(guī)則（1）一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,

milk-milks

（2）以s.

x.

sh.

ch.

o結尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,

wash-washes,

watch-watches,

go-goes

（3）以“輔音字母+y”結尾，變y為i,

再加-es，如：study-studies

（四）一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練:

1、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)

drink

________

go

_______

stay

________

make

________look

_________

have_______

pass_______

carry

_______

come________

watch______

plant_______

fly

________

study_______

brush________

do_________

teach_______

drink______start_______

2、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當形式填空。

1.

He

often

________(have)

dinner

at

home.

2.

Daniel

and

Tommy

_______(be)

in

Class

One.

3.

We

_______(not

watch)

TV

on

Monday.

4.

Nick

_______(not

go)

to

the

zoo

on

Sunday.

5.

______

they

________(like)

the

World

Cup?

6.

What

_______they

often

_______(do)

on

Saturdays?

7.

_______

your

parents

_______(read)

newspapers

every

day?

8.

The

girl

_______(teach)

us

English

on

Sundays.

9.

She

and

I

________(take)

a

walk

together

every

evening.

10.

There

________(be)

some

water

in

the

bottle.

11.

Mike

_______(like)

cooking.

12.

They

_______(have)

the

same

hobby.

13.

My

aunt

_______(look)

after

her

baby

carefully.

14.

You

always

_______(do)

your

homework

well.

15.

I

_______(be)

ill.

I’m

staying

in

bed.

16.

She

_______(go)

to

school

from

Monday

to

Friday.

17.

Liu

Tao

_______(do)

not

like

PE.

18.

The

child

often

_______(watch)

TV

in

the

evening.

19.

Su

Hai

and

Su

Yang

_______(have)

eight

lessons

this

term.

20.

What

day

_______(be)

it

today?

－

It’s

Saturday.

3、改錯(劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)

1.

Is

your

brother

speak

English?

__________________

2.

Does

he

likes

going

fishing?

__________________

3.

He

likes

play

games

after

class.

__________________4.

Mr.

Wu

teach

us

English.

_____________________5.

She

dont

do

her

homework

on

Sundays.

_________________

三、現(xiàn)在進行時

（一）現(xiàn)在進行時基本用法介紹

1、現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。

2、現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句基本結構為be+動詞ing.

如:

I

am

watching

TV.

3、現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句在be后加not。如:

I

am

not

watching

TV.

4、現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。如:

Are

you

watching

TV

5．現(xiàn)在進行時的特殊疑問的基本結構為：疑問詞

+

be

+

主語

+

動詞ing?

What

are

you

doing?

但疑問詞當主語時其結構為：疑問詞

+

be

+

動詞ing?

如:

Who

is

singing

there?

（二）動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則

1．一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking

2．以不發(fā)音的e結尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,

taste-tasting

3．如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：停止

stop-stopping游泳swim—

swimming

坐下sit—

sitting

逐漸變成get—

getting

跑run—

running

放下Put---

putting

（三）現(xiàn)在進行時專項練習：

1、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：

play________

run__________

swim

_________make

__________go_________

like________

write________

ski___________

read________

have_________

sing

________

dance

_________put_________

see________

buy

_________

love____________

live_______

take_________

come

________

get

_________stop_________

sit

________

2、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：

1.The

boy

__________________

(

draw)a

picture

now.

2.

Listen

.Some

girls

_______________

(

sing)in

the

classroom

.

3.

My

mother

_________________

(

cook

)some

nice

food

now.4.

What

_____

you

______

(

do

)

now?

5.

Look

.

They

_______________(

have)

an

English

lesson

.6.They

____________(not

,water)

the

flowers

now.

7.Look!

the

girls

________________(dance

)in

the

classroom

.

8.What

is

our

granddaughter

doing?

She

________(listen

)

to

music.

9.

It’s

5

o’clock

now.

We

_____________(have)supper

now

10.______Helen____________(wash

)clothes?

Yes

,she

is

.

四、將來時一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow,

next

day(week,

month,

year…),soon,

the

day

after

tomorrow（后天）等。

二、基本結構：①be

going

to

+

動詞原形；

②will

+

動詞原形.

三、否定句：在be動詞（am,

is,

are）后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成won’t。

如：I’m

going

to

have

a

picnic

this

afternoon.→

I’m

not

going

to

have

a

picnic

this

afternoon.

四、一般疑問句：

be或will提到句首，some改為any,

and改為or，第一二人稱互換。如：We

are

going

to

go

on

an

outing

this

weekend.

→

Are

you

going

to

go

on

an

outing

this

weekend?

五、同義句：be

going

to

=

will

I

am

going

to

go

swimming

tomorrow.

=

I

will

go

swimming

tomorrow.

練習：1、填空。

1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I_____

_______

_________

have

a

picnic

with

my

friends.

I

________

have

a

picnic

with

my

friends.

2.

下個星期一你打算去干嘛?

我想去打籃球。

What

______

_______

_______________

_________next

Monday?

I

_______

______

_____

play

basketball.

What

________

you

do

next

Monday?

I

________

play

basketball.

3.

你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。

_____

your

mother

_______

________go

shopping

this

_________

Yes,

she

________.

She

______

_______________

buy

some

fruit.4.

你們打算什么時候見面。

What

time

_______

you

_________

__________

meet?

2、改句子

5.

Nancy

is

going

to

go

camping.（改否定）

Nancy

________

going

to

go

camping.6.

I’ll

go

and

join

them.（改否定）

I

_______

go

______

join

them.

7.

I’m

going

to

get

up

at

6:30

tomorrow.（改一般疑問句）

________

_______

________

to

get

up

at

6:30

tomorrow?

8.

We

will

meet

at

the

bus

stop

at

10:30.（改一般疑問句）

_______

________

meet

at

the

bus

stop

at

10:30.

9.

She

is

going

to

listen

to

music

after

school.（對劃線部分提問）

________

_______

she

_______

________

________

after

school?

10.

My

father

and

mother

are

going

to

see

a

play

tomorrow.(同上)

________

_________

going

to

see

a

play

the

day

after

tomorrow

五、一般過去時

1．一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。（yesterday,

last

year/week.）

2．Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：

⑴am

和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。（was

not=wasn’t）

⑵are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。（were

not=weren’t）

⑶帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is,

am,

are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。

3．句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子

否定句：didn’t

+動詞原形，如：Jim

didn’t

go

home

yesterday.

一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如：Did

Jim

go

home

yesterday?

特殊疑問句：⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形？

如：

What

did

Jim

do

yesterday?

⑵疑問詞當主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式？

如：Who

went

to

home

yesterday?

動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：

1．一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,

cook-cooked

2．結尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted

3．末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped

4．以“輔音字母+y”結尾的，變y為i，

再加-ed，如：study-studied

5.

不規(guī)則動詞的變化：

am,is-was,

are-were,

do-did,

see-saw,

say-said,

give-gave,

get-got,

go-went,

come-came,

have-had,

eat-ate,

take-took,

run-ran,

sing-sang,

put-put,

make-made,

read-read,

write-wrote,

draw-drew,drink-drank,

fly-flew,

ride-rode,

speak-spoke,

sweep-swept,

swim-swam,

sit-sat

練習：寫出下列動詞的過去式

is\am_________

fly_______

plant________

are

________

drink_________

play_______

go________

make

________

does_________

dance________

worry________

ask

_____

taste_________

eat__________

draw________

put

______

throw________

kick_________

pass_______

do

________

Be動詞的過去時練習

1、用be動詞的適當形式填空。

1.

I

______

an

English

teacher

now.

2.

She

_______

happy

yesterday.

3.

They

_______

glad

to

see

each

other

last

month.

4.

Helen

and

Nancy

________

good

friends.

5.

The

little

dog

_____

two

years

old

this

year.

6.

Look,

there

________

lots

of

grapes

here.

7.

There

________

a

sign

on

the

chair

on

Monday.

2、用動詞的適當形式填空。

1.

I

______

(watch)

a

cartoon

on

Saturday.

2.

Her

father

_______

(read)

a

newspaper

last

night.

3.

We

________

to

the

zoo

yesterday,

we

_____

to

the

park,too.

(go)4.

______

you

_______

(visit)

your

relatives

last

Spring

Festival?

5.

______

he

_______

(fly)

a

kite

on

Sunday?

Yes,

he

______.

6.

Gao

Shan

_______

(pull)

up

carrots

last

National

Day

holiday.

7.

I

____________

(sweep)

the

floor

yesterday.

8.

What

______

she

_______

(find)

in

the

garden

last

morning?

She

____(find)

a

beautiful

butterfly.

3、句型轉換。

1.

There

was

a

car

in

front

of

the

house

just

now.

否定句：______________________________________________

一般疑問句：__________________________________________

肯、否定回答：______________________

___________________2.

They

played

football

in

the

playground.

否定句：______________________________________________

一般疑問句：__________________________________________

肯、否定回答：_____________________

___________________六、人稱代詞及對應的形容詞性物主代詞。

人稱代詞：

I我

we我們

you你

you你們

he他

she她

it它

they他們

物主代詞：my我的

our我們的

your你的

your你們的

his他的

her她的

its它的

their他們的賓格：me我

us我們

you你

you你

him他

her她

it它

them他們

主格：

I

we

you

she

he

it

they賓格：

me

us

you

her

him

it

them

形容詞性物主代詞：

my

our

your

her

his

its

their

名詞性物主代詞：

mine

ours

yours

hers

his

its

theirs

1、用所給詞的適當形式填空

1.That

is

not

_________

kite.

(my)

2.

Is

this

_________

watch?

(you)

No,

it’s

not

_________

.

(

I

)

3.

_________

is

my

brother.

_________

name

is

Jack.

Look!

(

he

)

4.

____

is

my

aunt.

Do

you

know

_____job?

_____

is

a

nurse.

(

she

)5.

Where

are

____

I

can’t

find

____.

Let’s

call

____parents.

(

they

)

七、形容詞和副詞的比較級

形容詞比較級在句子中的運用：兩個事物或人的比較用比較級，比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more,

a

little

來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格(1)

一般在形容詞或副詞后+er

如：

tall---taller,

strong---stronger,

(2)

雙寫最后一個字母，再+er如：

big---bigger,

fat---

fatter,

(3)

把y變i，再+er

如：

heavy---heavier,

early---earlier

(4)

不規(guī)則變化：如：

well--better,

much/many-more,

1、寫出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級

old__________

young________

tall_______

long________

short___