2023新課標版英語高考第二輪復習-專題七　語法填空-高考真題

2023新課標版英語高考第二輪復習第二部分語法知識應用

專題七語法填空Passage1(2021北京)AWhydowedream?ScientistsarenDtcompletelysure,andtheyhavediverse1(idea).Dreamsmightbeasideeffectofmemorymaking.Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverything2happenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.Asit3(connect)things,yourbrainturnsthemintoastory,andyougetadream.BSamisanin-real-lifestreamer(播主),andhelivestreamshimselfjustgoingabouthisday.Whileridinghisbikehome4acoldnight,hecameacrossasad-lookingelderlywomanwanderingthestreetsbyherself.ThepoorwomanwasnDtabletogivehimanyinformationabout5shelived.Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestoresothatshecould6(safe)waitforthepolicetotakeherhome.CThere7(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,8(cause)largelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.From2000to2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,9(result)inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss.Muchofthisincreasecanbeduetoclimatechange.Thefindingsshowacriticalneed10(invest)indisasterprevention.答案語篇解讀本文為說明文，主題語境是人與自我，主題語境內(nèi)容是做夢。文章主要闡述了人做夢的緣由。1.ideas解題指導考查名詞復數(shù)形式。關注句意所透出的名詞的數(shù)的形式。解析 句意:科學家不是完全確定，并且他們有不同的觀點。由diverse可知,此處應該用所給詞的復數(shù)形式，即ideas,.that解題指導考查定語從句。關注句意及句式結(jié)構(gòu)。解析句意:當你睡覺時,你的大腦整理了白天所發(fā)生的一切，盡量把新的經(jīng)歷和舊的記憶聯(lián)系起來。分析該處句式結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合句意可知,此處引導定語從句;再分析定語從句成分可知，定語從句缺少主語，再由前面的先行詞everything為不定代詞可知，此處只能填thato知識拓展在定語從句中，如果先行詞是指物的不定代詞，如everything、something、anything、nothing>alKlittle,alittle等，且定語從句中缺少主語、賓語或表語的時候,定語從句的關系代詞只能用that,不能用whicho.connects解題指導考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。關注句式結(jié)構(gòu)、整個語篇的時態(tài)及句子描述的情境。解析句意:當你的大腦連接事物時,它就會把它們變成一個故事，然后你就得到一個夢了。結(jié)合整個語篇的時態(tài)基調(diào)是一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，再分析此處是個狀語從句，主句的時態(tài)用的是一般現(xiàn)在時,故從句的時態(tài)也應該用一般現(xiàn)在時，由主語為it且connect與主語為主動關系可知，此處應填connects0難句分析原句:Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverythingthathappenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.分析:本句中when引導的是時間狀語從句,主句是‘"yourbrainsortsthrougheverythingthathappenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories”,在主句里面有一■個由that引導的定語從句,修飾前面的先行詞everything□譯文:當你睡覺時,你的大腦整理了白天所發(fā)生的一切，盡量把新的經(jīng)歷和舊的記憶聯(lián)系起來。B語篇解讀本文為記敘文，主題語境是人與社會,主題語境內(nèi)容是人際關系、社會交往。文章主要敘述了薩姆幫助一個老婦人回家的事情。.on解題指導考查介詞。關注句意及句子描述的情境。解析句意:當他在一個寒冷的夜晚騎車回家時，他遇到一個獨自一人在街道游蕩、愁容滿面的老婦人。這里指在“一個寒冷的夜晚”，故前面應該用on。.where解題指導考查賓語從句。關注句意及句式結(jié)構(gòu)。解析句意:老婦人無法向薩姆提供任何有關她住處的信息。分析該處句式結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合句意可知，此處引導賓語從句;再分析賓語從句成分并結(jié)合賓語從句意思可知，賓語從句缺少地點狀語，故此處應填where。.safely解題指導考查副詞。關注句意及所給詞后面的動詞。解析句意:薩姆陪同她走到附近的一個便利店以便她能安全地等候警察來帶她回家。由句意及所給詞后面的動詞可知，此處應該用所給詞的副詞形式，即safely。知識拓展walksb.tosomeplace意為“陪伴/護送某人走到某處”,為固定用法,這里的walk為及物動詞，意為“陪伴……走，護送……走”。難句分析原句:Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestoresothatshecouldsafelywaitforthepolicetotakeherhome.分析:這是一個主從復合句。主句部分是:Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestore,后面是由“sothat''引導的目的狀語從句。譯文:薩姆陪伴她走到附近的一個便利店以便她能安全地等候警察來帶她回家。C語篇解讀本文為說明文，主題語境是人與自然，主題語境內(nèi)容是氣候變化與自然災害。文章主要闡述了近二十年全球氣候變化導致了大量的自然災害的發(fā)生。.hasbeen 解題指導考查動詞的時態(tài)。關注句中的關鍵性時間狀語。解析句意:根據(jù)聯(lián)合國的一份新報告:在過去的二十年，出現(xiàn)了極端天氣事件數(shù)量的急劇增多,這很大程度上是由全球氣溫不斷上升所導致的。由句中的關鍵性時間狀語"overthepast20years”可知,此處應該用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。.caused 解題指導考查動詞的非謂語形式。關注句意、句子結(jié)構(gòu)及句中關鍵詞。解析分析整個句子可知,盡管句子很長，但它只是個簡單句，故該處不能填謂語動詞，只能填動詞的非謂語形式;由空后的關鍵詞by并結(jié)合句意可知，此處應填過去分詞caused,表示被動。.resulting 解題指導考查動詞的非謂語形式。關注句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)。解析 句意:從2000年到2019年，全球共有7,348次嚴重的自然災害，導致29,700億美元的經(jīng)濟損失。分析整個句子可知，句子前面是“therebe”句型,后面用現(xiàn)在分詞表示結(jié)果。.toinvest 解題指導考查動詞的非謂語形式。關注句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)。解析 分析句子可知，這里的need為名詞，意為“需要、需求”，后面應該用動詞不定式形式作后置定語，修飾needo難句分析原句:Therehasbeenadramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,causedlargelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.分析:這是一個簡單句。句子前面是“therebe”句型,后面的過去分詞短語“causedlargelybyrisingglobaltemperatures”作后置定語，修飾前面的"rise"。譯文:根據(jù)聯(lián)合國的一份新報告:在過去的二十年，出現(xiàn)了極端天氣事件數(shù)量的急劇增多，這很大程度上是由全球氣溫不斷上升所導致的。Passage2(2020浙江)Sometimeafter10,000BC,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylived1,throughagriculture.Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlesson2couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.Farmingproducedmorefoodperperson3huntingandgathering,sopeoplewereabletoraisemorechildren.And,asmorechildrenwerebom,morefood4(need).Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology 5(change)lives.Byabout6000BC,people6(discover)thebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraise.Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththe7(season),plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,8(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌*既)theirfields.Thisstyleoffarminglastedforquitealongtime.Then,with9riseofscience,changesbegan.Newmethods10(mean)thatfewerpeopleworkedinfarming.Inthelastcenturyorso,thesechangeshaveaccelerated.Newpowermachineryandartificialfertilizers(化月巴)havenowtotallytransformedawayoflifethatstartedintheStoneAge.答案［語篇解讀］本文是一篇說明文。主題語境是人與社會。文章介紹了從人類逐漸減少依靠狩獵生活，逐步發(fā)展起農(nóng)業(yè)，到使用新型機械和人工肥料的現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的過程。l.in考查介詞。根據(jù)文章中句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知,theylived為限制性定語從句，先行詞為world。將先行詞代入定語從句后，應為theylivedintheworld,故填in0.what考查賓語從句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知設空處引導介詞后的賓語從句，且設空處在從句中作主語，表示“什么"，故填what0.than考查介詞。題干中的"more”有比較含義，故填than。.wasneeded考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。主語與謂語之間是被動關系，并且講述的是過去的事情，故填wasneeded?5.tochange考查不定式。此處不定式作定語，修飾power,根據(jù)thepowertodosth.可知此處填不定式。6.haddiscovered考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)Byabout6000BC可知應用過去完成時。7.seasons考查名詞復數(shù)。根據(jù)常識，一年有四季，可知此處應填名詞復數(shù)。8.making考查分詞。句中己經(jīng)有了謂語動詞learned,make和句子的主語they是主動關系，故填makingo9.the考查冠詞。設空處特指科學的發(fā)展，故填the。lO.meant考查時態(tài)。設空處講述的是過去的事情，故填meant。Passage3(2020北京)AOliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood.Hesaysfood1.(play)abigroleinhislift."Mymumwasagreatcook,andshe*dsometimesletmehaveatryJhesaid.ThefirstdishOliverpreparedforhisfamilywasfriedchickenwings.Hemadeitwithhismum'shelp.Oliversaysifyou're2.(luck)enoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking,askthem3.youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.BSingle-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey4.(throw)away.Ittakesthemhundredsofyears5.(break)down.Manyofthesebagsendupintheoceanwherelargeronescantrapseacreatures,suchasturtlesanddolphins.Overtime,thebagsfallapart6.countlesstinypieces,andfishcanaccidentallyeatsomeofthem.Now,lotsof7.(country)andregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.CApieceofstone8.(find)onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthumanrelatives,knownasNeanderthals,wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.TheNeanderthals9.(live)alongsidehumanancestorsinEuropefortensofthousandsofyears,beforedyingoutabout40,000yearsago.Theyweremuchstrongerthanmodernhumans,butit'slongbeenassumedthathumanancestorswere10.(smart)thantheNeanderthals.However,thestonetoolmadebyNeanderthalssuggestsotherwise.答案A［語篇解讀］本文為記敘文。主題語境為人與自我。本文講述了美食電視節(jié)目的主持人奧利弗對美食的態(tài)度。本文旨在使讀者更加熱愛生活。1.plays/hasplayed/isplaying/hasbeenplaying本題考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)主句謂語動詞says(一般現(xiàn)在時)及本句語境可知設空處需用現(xiàn)在的某種時態(tài)，可用一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在完成時、現(xiàn)在進行時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時。2.1ucky本題考查形容詞。設空處作表語，表示“幸運的”,故填形容詞lucky。f/whether本題考查賓語從句。設空處引導賓語從句，意為“是否"，故填if或whether。B［語篇解讀］本文為說明文。主題語境為人與自然。本文主要介紹了一次性塑料袋對生態(tài)環(huán)境的危害。本文旨在提高讀者的環(huán)保意識。.arethrown句意:一次性塑料袋至多使用幾次就被扔掉。本題考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。設空處所在句子說的是現(xiàn)在的情況，需用一般現(xiàn)在時;從句主語they與throw為被動關系,需用被動語態(tài)，故填arethrown..tobreak句意:它們需要幾百年才能分解。本題考查非謂語動詞?！癐ttakes+sb./sth.+一段時間+todo”為固定句型，故填不定式too/to句意:隨著時間的推移，那些袋子會分解成無數(shù)的小碎片，魚會不小心吃掉其中的一些。設空處前為動詞短語，設空處后為名詞復數(shù)，由此可判斷設空處需用介詞;設空處與fallapart連用，表示“分解成”,故填into或too.countries句意:現(xiàn)在，許多國家和地區(qū)正在采取行動禁止銷售這樣的袋子，以阻止人們使用它們。設空處與后面的regions并列作主語,由此可判斷設空處需用名詞形式;根據(jù)設空處前的lotsof可知設空處需用名詞復數(shù)形式，故填countriesoC［語篇解讀］本文為說明文。主題語境為人與社會。在荷蘭海灘上發(fā)現(xiàn)的一塊石頭表明，已經(jīng)滅絕的人類的近親尼安德特人比我們之前認為的更聰明。.found句意:在荷蘭海灘上發(fā)現(xiàn)的一塊石頭表明，已經(jīng)滅絕的人類的近親尼安德特人比我們之前認為的更聰明。本題考查非謂語動詞。被修飾詞stone與find為邏輯上的被動關系，且設空處表示的動作“已經(jīng)完成”,故填過去分詞found?.1ived/hadlived/hadbeenliving句意:尼安德特人與人類祖先一起在歐洲生活了數(shù)萬年，直到大約4萬年前滅絕。設空處所在句子說的是過去的事情，故設空處需用過去的某種時態(tài)，再根據(jù)本句的時間狀語“fbrtensofthousandsofyears”可知設空處可用一般過去時、過去完成時或過去完成進行時。lO.smarter句意:他們比現(xiàn)代人類強壯得多，但長期以來人們一直認為人類祖先比尼安德特人聰明。根據(jù)設空處后的than可知設空處需用形容詞比較級作表語，故填smarter。Passage4（2019北京）AOnthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade,Istoodbythedoorwithbutterfliesinmystomach.I1.(voice)mybiggestconcerntomymother,tfcHowwillImakefriends?^^Shehandedmeadvice,"Beyourself."Forthepast20years,Ihavelivedbythesewords.SoonIwillgraduateandbecomepartoftherealworld.Nervously2.(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhisperto3.(I)thetwosimplewords“Beyourself'.BEarthDay,4.(mark)on22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.Firstcelebrated5.1970,theDaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190countriesandregions(地區(qū)).Nomatterwhatyouliketodo,thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious6.(activity)onEarthDay.Youcanplantatree,makeamealwithlocallygrownvegetables,orsavepower—thepossibilitiesareendless.CDoesthenameofthecollegeyouattendreallymatter?Researchonthequestion7.(suggest)that,formoststudents,itdoesn't.Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan8.theygo.Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose9.aretotallyengaged(參與)inacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources(資源).Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend,andit*snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand10.(meaning)collegeexperience.答案A［語篇解讀］本文為記敘文，主題語境是人與自我。本文有助于提升學生自身素養(yǎng),擁有正確處理問題的能力。本文記述了作者從自己一年級的經(jīng)歷中學到:在面對困難時,要做好自己。.voiced考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)上文Onthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade可知此處是指發(fā)生在過去的事情,故用一般過去時。.facing考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意:當緊張地面對挑戰(zhàn)的時候,我知道我將低聲對自己說這兩個簡單的詞“Beyourselfo現(xiàn)在分詞facing作狀語，解釋說明在什么情況下說“Beyourself'?.myself考查反身代詞。此處指低聲對自己說，句子的主語和賓語指同一個人，故設空處應該填myself。B［語篇解讀］本文為說明文，主題語境是人與自然。本文旨在提升學生的環(huán)保意識。文章介紹了地球日，并且倡議我們每個人盡一份力，讓我們的地球變得更好。.marked考查過去分詞。marked為過去分詞，在句中作定語,說明地球日被慶祝的時間。5.in考查介詞。句意:地球日首次慶祝于1970年,現(xiàn)在它包括在190多個國家和地區(qū)舉辦的活動。具體在哪一年用介詞in。6.activities考查名詞。句意:無論你想做什么，在地球日這一天，都有一種參與各種活動的方式。根據(jù)句中various可知，設空處應用名詞的復數(shù)形式。C［語篇解讀］本文為說明文，主題語境是人與社會。文章提到大學生在大學期間怎么做，做什么很重要，積極參加大學的各種活動會讓學生受益匪淺。7.suggests/suggested/hassuggested考查時態(tài)。句意:對這個問題的研究表明,對大部分學生來說無所謂。根據(jù)itdoesn't可知是現(xiàn)在的情況，故suggest用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時，但該從句所表達的是客觀事實,故主句謂語動詞用一般過去時也可以。.where考查名詞性從句。句意:學生們在大學里所做的事似乎要比他們上哪所大學重要得多。設空處引導賓語從句，該從句缺少地點狀語，故填whereo.who/that考查定語從句。句意:從大學中最受益的學生是那些全力地參與學術生活，同時充分利用大學機會和資源的人。設空處引導定語從句，先行詞是those,指人，關系詞在從句中作主語，指代學生，故此處填關系代詞who或thato.meaningful考查形容詞。為健康且有意義的大學經(jīng)歷做必要的準備，越早越好。collegeexperience是名詞短語,應該用形容詞來修飾，且設空處所填詞和healthy并列,故設空處應用meaning的形容詞形式meaningful?高級詞塊l.withbutterfliesinone'sstomach心慌，緊張2.raisepublicawarenessabout…提高公眾對 的認識長難句Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethosewhoaretotallyengagedinacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources.從大學中最受益的學生是那些全力地參與學術生活，同時充分利用大學機會和資源的人。這是一個主從復合句。主句是Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethoseothose是先行is］,whoaretotallyengagedinacademiclife是定語從句。takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語,補充說明學生所做的活動。Passage5（2017課標全國I）Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcnmmunily（醫(yī)學界）1amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside2(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease-theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired3(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt4(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.As5result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even6(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood7(be)fulloffatandsalt;by8(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃點心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be9(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,10isnotgoodforthehealth.答案［語篇解讀］本文為說明文。主題語境為人與自我。本文介紹了低脂低鹽食品對健康可能會造成的負面影響，并對影響的成因進行了分析。l.as考查介詞。此處缺少表達“作為”意義的介詞，故填as。.effects考查名詞復數(shù)。sideeffect為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)前面的some可知，應用復數(shù)形式。.toprocess考查不定式。根據(jù)requiresth.todosth.以及其被動形式sth.berequiredtodosth.可知此處填動詞不定式。.areremoved考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。結(jié)合語境可知，狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),fatandsalt作主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式,主語與remove之間為被動關系，故填areremoved0.a考查冠詞。asaresult結(jié)果;因此。.worse考查副詞。evenworse更糟的是，此句與上句提到的情況相比較,故用比較級。.is考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)語境可知，此處用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，主語fastfood為不可數(shù)名詞，故系動詞用is?.eating考查動名詞。by在此處為介詞，表示方式，故后面接動名詞形式作by的賓語。.careful考查形容詞。設空處在系動詞be之后作表語,故填形容詞。.which考查定語從句。設空處指代前面的主句，引導非限制性定語從句，故填which。Passage6(2017課標全國II)In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible1(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand2work.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,3(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover4top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Steamengines5(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen6(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing7everyday.Later,engineers8(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeplunnels(隧道),whichbecameknownastheTube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe9(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost 10(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin19(X).Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.答案［語篇解讀］本文為說明文。主題語境為人與社會。文章介紹了世界上第一條地鐵——倫敦地鐵的起源以及它逐步成為大眾所喜愛的交通方式的發(fā)展歷程。.crowds考查名詞。avoid“避免”后可跟名詞或動名詞作賓語。因為此空前有形容詞terrible修飾，故排除動名詞形式;crowd作“人群”講時，為可數(shù)名詞，且前面無冠詞限制，故需用復數(shù)形式。.from考查介詞。由語境可知此處指“上下班(toandfix)mwork)”,為固定表達。aying考查動名詞作賓語。由上文中的includeddigging和下文的andthenbuilding可知，此處用動名詞作included的賓語。.the考查冠詞。此處是說地鐵開挖、鋪軌完成后,要進行最后的筑頂。此處表示特指，因此應用定冠詞the。.wereused考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。主語Steamengines和use之間為被動關系，且由上文可知敘述的是過去發(fā)生的事，故需用一般過去時的被動語態(tài);又因主語是名詞的復數(shù)形式，故be動詞需用were。.fairly考查副詞。修飾形容詞unpleasant需用副詞形式，故填fairly。7.it考查代詞。此處指代上文中提到的therailway,需用代詞it。8.managed考查動詞的時態(tài)。此處敘述的是過去的事情，需用一般過去時，故答案為動詞的過去式。Q.introduction考查名詞。由空前的定冠詞可知，此處需用名詞形式。lO.successful考查形容詞。此處為“oneofthe+形容詞最高級”結(jié)構(gòu)。Passage7(2017課標全國KI)Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.SarahThomasislookingforwardtothechallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term1(rest).Instead,sheisearning￡6,500adayas2modelinNewYork.Sarah3(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain'snewsupermodel,earningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfull-time.ButSarah,4hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants5(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher6(educate).Shehasturneddownseveral7(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.Afterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfull-timebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree8engineeringorarchitecture.Sarahsays,“MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school9(come)first.Idon'twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Itis10(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon'twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan'tmodelanymore.^^答案［語篇解讀］本文為記敘文。主題語境為人與自我。文章介紹了16歲的中學生Sarah在模特界嶄露頭角卻依然以學業(yè)為重的故事。.resting考查固定用法。固定結(jié)構(gòu)spendsometime(in)doing(sth.)花費時間做(某事)。.a考查冠詞。model為可數(shù)名詞,此處表示泛指，故填冠詞a。.hasbeentold/wastold考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)語境可知Sarah與tell之間為動賓關系，故用被動語態(tài)。此處既可以用一般過去時態(tài)表示過去發(fā)生的動作，也可以用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài),表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。.who考查定語從句。設空處引導非限制性定語從句并在定語從句中作主語。應該填入關系代詞who,指代Sarah?.toprove考查不定式。wanttodosth.想要做某事,因此空白處應該填入tocation考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？瞻滋幪钊氲脑~作介詞with的賓語，并受物主代詞her的限定，必須用名詞形式。7.invitations考查名詞的復數(shù)。由本題前面的限定詞several可判斷,invitation需用復數(shù)形式。8.in考查介詞與名詞的搭配。本題前面的degree一詞表示“學位”，在表達某一專業(yè)的學位時，后接介詞es考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。此句講的是Sarah對自己當前情況的理解,應該用一般現(xiàn)在時。主語school為第三人稱單數(shù)，故謂語動詞come應該加?s。.certainly考查副詞。空白處填入的詞修飾形容詞fun,應為副詞。Passage8(2016課標全國I)Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia'sbiggestbuildingandfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstopI.(attract).Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayfbrresearch.I2.(allow)togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.Fromtomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe3.(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback4.mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,5.IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter6.(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude7.(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchcentreinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby8.(it)mother.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew9.(day)withhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,10.otheriswithmum—sheneversuspects.答案［語篇解讀］本文為記敘文。文章描述了作者和熊貓結(jié)下的不解之緣。.attraction考查名詞。設空處作表語。句意:但是對于像我這樣的旅行者，熊貓是成都最吸引人的東西。attraction〃.吸引人的事物。.wasallowed考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處為謂語動詞。主語力”和動詞“allow”之間為被動關系，根據(jù)上句中的謂語動詞was可知,文章敘述的是過去發(fā)生的事，需用一般過去時，故此處需用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。3.officially考查副詞。此處用副詞修飾動詞。.to考查介詞。gobackto"追溯到，回溯到”，為固定短語。.when考查定語從句。先行詞themid-1980s為表示時間的名詞，且關系詞在定語從句中作時間狀語，故用關系副詞when引導。.permitted考查非謂語動詞。此處應用過去分詞作后置定語。7.introducing考查動名詞。動詞include后缺賓語，需用所給動詞的動名詞形式作賓語。ts考查代詞。此處為it的形容詞性物主代詞，意為“它的”。.days考查名詞的復數(shù)形式。few修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，故其后的名詞需用復數(shù)形式。.the考查冠詞。one...theother…"(兩者中的)一個 另外一個 ”，為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。高級詞塊1.fancy/'fxnsi/adj.豪華的2.backstage/,baek'stei到后臺3.switch/switf/v.轉(zhuǎn)換4.suspect/sa'spekt/u.懷疑Passage9(2016課標全國II)Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(識另ij)thoseofL.(great)andlessimportance.Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou'llfeelarealsenseof2.(achieve).Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow3.(be)oftenacceptable.Mostofusaremorefocused4.ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.So,getanearlystartandtrytobeasproductive5.possiblebeforelunch.Thiswillgiveyoutheconfidenceyouneedtogetyouthroughtheafternoonandgohomefeelingaccomplished.Recent6.(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks7.(regular).Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsidefor8.while,exercising,ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you'llbelesslikely9.(bring)yourworkhome.Itcouldbeanything-gardening,cooking,music,sports-butwhateveritis,10.(make)sureit*sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.答案［語篇解讀］如果在工作中你感到了壓力，如何解決?作者給出了幾種實用的減壓方式，可讓身心得到放松。.greater考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)此句中l(wèi)ess,可知應該用great的比較級和less并列。.achievement考查名詞。根據(jù)介詞of,可知設空處應該填名詞形式,asenseofachievement一種成就感,此處achievement是不可數(shù)名詞。.is考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。動名詞作句子主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式且描述一般事實，故用is。.on考查介詞。我們大多數(shù)人早晨比一天中晚些時候更集中注意力于我們的工作。befocusedon集中注意力于。5.as考查短語。as...aspossible盡可能 6.studies考查名詞單復數(shù)。根據(jù)句中的謂語動詞show,可知主語應該用復數(shù)形式，故填studieso.regularly考查副詞。此處應該用副詞形式作狀語。.A考查冠詞。forawhile是固定短語，意為:一會兒。.tobring考查不定式。belikelytodosth.為固定短語，意為:有可能做某事。W.make考查祈使句。但是無論是什么事，確保它是消除日常壓力的事情而不是另一件讓人擔心的事情。高級詞塊1.achievement/?！痶ji:vmnnt/幾成就;達到，完成productive/pro'dAktlv/〃的.富有成效的Passage10(2016課標全國ID)InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called“ricebowF'culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,1.Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.Chopsticksareusuallytwolong,thinpiecesofwoodorbamboo.Theycanalsobemadeofplastic,animalboneormetal.Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight2.(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmetal3.(create)specialdesigns.TheChinesehaveusedchopsticksforfivethousandyears.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,4.(use)twigs(樹枝)toremoveit.Overtime,5.thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich6.(gradual)tumedintochopsticks.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,7.livedfromroughly551to479B.C.,influencedthe8.(develop)ofchopsticks.Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand9.(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,fbrexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat10.theirhands.答案［語篇解讀］本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了筷子及其發(fā)展的歷史。Land考查并列連詞。此處表示并列關系而不是選擇關系，其模式為“A,B,CandD”。故填并列連詞and。.bemade考查情態(tài)動詞和被動語態(tài)。bemadeof表示“由 制成“，根據(jù)設空前的情態(tài)動詞might可知，此處填bemade。.tocreate考查不定式。此處不定式作目的狀語。.using考查現(xiàn)在分詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞在此處作伴隨狀語。.as/when考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處用連詞as/when引導時間狀語從句。.gradually考查副詞。此處用副詞修飾turnedinto。.who考查定語從句。此處為非限制性定語從句冼行詞Confucius(孔子)指人，故需用關系代詞who引導定語從句。.development考查名詞。由設空前的冠詞the和設空后的of可知應用名詞。.were考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。由并列連詞and連接賓語從句中的兩個并列結(jié)構(gòu)可知和wouldremind并列的應為謂語動詞，故用be動詞的過去式，又因knives為復數(shù)形式，故用were。.with考查介詞。由語境可知設空處意為“用"，故填with。高級詞塊1.so-called/'sou'k。：Id/c@.所謂的2.roughly/'rAfli/ad也大約Passage11(2016上海,A)BagsofLoveLastyear,Iwasassignedtoworkatanofficenearmymother'shouse,soIstayedwithherforamonth.Duringthattime,Ihelpedoutwiththehouseworkandcontributedtothegroceries.Afterlessthanaweek,Istartednoticingthatthegrocerieswererunningoutprettyquickly—wewerealwayssuddenlyoutofsomething.1.(wonder)howmymumcouldconsumethemsoquickly,Ibeganobservingherdailyroutinefortwoweeks.Tomysurprise,Ifoundthatshewouldpackapaperbagfullofcannedgoodsandheadouteverymorningataboutnine.Eventually,Idecidedtofollowherand2.happenedtrulyamazedme.Shewastakingthefoodtotherefugeecamp,in3.shedistributedittochildren.Iaskedaroundandfoundoutthatmymumwasverywellknowninthearea.Thekidswereveryfriendlywithherandevenlookeduptoherasifsheweretheirownmother.Thenithitme—whywouldshenotwanttotellmeaboutwhatshe4.(do)?WassheworriedabouthowIwouldreactorthatIwouldstop5.(buy)thegroceriesifIfoundout?Whenshegothome,Itoldheraboutmydiscovery.6.shecouldreact,Igaveherabighugandtoldhershedidn'tneedtokeepitasecret7.me.Shetoldmethatsomeofthechildrenlivedwithanolderladyinashelterwhileotherssleptonthestreets.Foryears,mymumhasbeenhelpingoutbygivingthemwhateverfoodshecouldspare.Iwassoimpressedby8.selflessshewas.答案［語篇解讀］本文為記敘文。文章講述了作者母親為難民營里的孩子提供食物的故事，同時作者也意識到自己母親的無私偉大。1.Wondering考查非謂語動詞。主語I與wonder是邏輯上的主動關系，故填Wonderingo2.what考查名詞性從句。主語從句中缺少主語且指物，故用what引導。.which考查定語從句。此處關系代詞前有介詞in,故用which。.haddone考查動詞的時態(tài)。在這之前母親沒有告訴作者她這樣做的原因，動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”，故用haddone0.buying考查非謂語動詞。stopdoingsth.“停止做某事”，故用buyingo6.Before考查連詞。根據(jù)語境，母親還未來得及做出反應，“我”就給了她一個擁抱，故用Before。7.from考查介詞。keepsth.fromsb.為固定搭配，意為“不將某事告訴某人，瞞著某人”。8.how考查賓語從句。selfless為形容詞,用副詞how來修飾。高級詞塊l.contributeto出力做 ，幫助2.beoutofsth.用完某物3.distributesth.tosb.把某物分發(fā)給某人Passage12(2016上海,B)Stress:GoodorBad?Stressusedtobeanalmostunknownword,butnowthatweareusedtotalkingaboutit,Ihavefoundthatpeoplearebeginningtogetstressedaboutbeingstressed.Inrecentyears,stress1.(regard)asacauseofawholerangeofmedicalproblems,fromhighbloodpressuretomentalillness.Butlikesomanyotherthings,itisonlytoomuchstress2.doesyouharm.Itistimeyouconsideredthatiftherewerenostressinyourlife,youwouldachievelittle.Ifyouarestuckathomewithnostress,thenyourlevelofperformancewillbelow.Uptoacertainpoint,themorestressyouareunder,the3.(good)yourperformancewillbe.Beyondacertainpoint,though,furtherstresswillonlyleadtoexhaustion,illnessandfinallyabreakdown.Youcantellwhenyouareoverthetopandonthedownwardslope,byaskingyourself4.numberofquestions.Doyou,forinstance,feelthattoomuchisbeingexpectedof5.,andyetfinditimpossibletosayno?Doyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientor6._(annoy)withpeopleoverunimportantthings?...Iftheanswertoallthosequestionsisyes,youhadbetter7._(control)yourstress,asyouprobablyareundermorestressthanisgoodfbryou.Tosomeextentyoucancontroltheamountofstressinyourlife.Doctorshaveworkedoutachartshowinghowmuchstressisinvolvedinvariousevents.Gettingmarriedis50,pregnancy40,movinghouse20,Christmas12,etc.Ifthetotalstressinyourlifeisover150,youaretwiceaslikely8.(get)ilL答案［語篇解讀］本文為說明文，講述壓力從不為人知演變?yōu)楦鞣N疾病的成因之一。適當?shù)膲毫θ藗冇欣?而當壓力超過一定的限度，就會對人體造成危害。l.hasbeenregarded根據(jù)句中的時間狀語“Inrecentyears”可知,時態(tài)應為現(xiàn)在完成時，故填hasbeenregardedo.that本句為強調(diào)句型Itis+被強調(diào)部分+that+其他成分，故填that。.better本句采用“the+比較級…,the+比較級…越……，就越……”結(jié)構(gòu)。.Aanumberof為固定搭配，意為“大量的”。.you考查人稱代詞。你有沒有覺得他人對你的期待太多?故答案為you。.annoyedor為并列連詞，這里修飾人，故填annoyedo7.controlhadbetterdosth.最好做某事。.togetbelikelytodosth.有可能做某事。高級詞塊l.getstressedabout…對 感到焦慮2.awholerangeof一系列的Passage13(2016四川)Thegiantpanda1.(love)bypeoplethroughouttheworld.Chinesescientists2.(recent)hadachancetostudyawildfemalepandawithanewbornbaby.Shewasavery3.(care)mother.For25days,sheneverleftherbaby,noteventofindsomething4.(eat)!Shewouldnotletanyotherpandascomenear.Shelickedthebabyconstantlytokeepitclean.Anysmellmightattractnatural5.(enemy)thatwouldtrytoeatthelittlepanda.Themotherheldthebabyinherfrontpawsmuchthewayahumandoes.6.itcried,sherockeditbackandforthandgaveitlittlecomfortingpats.Themothercontinuedtocarefortheyoungpanda7.morethantwoyears.Bythattime,thepandanolongerneeded8.(it)motherforfood.However,itstayedwithherandlearnedaboutthewaysoftheforest.Then,aftertwoandahalfyears,themother9.(drive)theyoungpandaaway.Itwastimeforhertohaveanewbaby,10.itwasalsotimefortheyoungpandatobeindependent.答案［語篇解讀］中國科學家有機會研究了一只野生大熊貓養(yǎng)育熊貓寶寶的過程。小熊貓出生以后,熊貓媽媽片刻不離,悉心照顧孩子，兩年以后,小熊貓跟媽媽學習生存技巧，兩年半以后，小熊貓離開媽媽獨立生活。l.isloved考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。大熊貓被全世界的人喜歡是事實,應該用一般現(xiàn)在時;panda和love之間是被動關系，故答案是islovedo.recently考查副詞。此處需用時間副詞。.caring/careful考查形容詞。mother是名詞，需要用形容詞來修飾,結(jié)合下文可知答案為caring/carefulo.toeat考查非謂語動詞。此處應用動詞不定式作后置定語。.enemies考查名詞復數(shù)。enemy為可數(shù)名詞，天敵有多種，因此應用復數(shù)形式。.When/If考查連詞。此處引導狀語從句,根據(jù)句意可知，當熊貓寶寶哭的時候/如果熊貓寶寶哭，熊貓媽媽會輕搖并輕拍它。故用When/If,注意在句首，首字母應該大寫。.for考查介詞。設空處后邊的morethantwoyears是一段時間，故用介詞for。8.its考查代詞。設空處是指“它的“，故用itso9.drove考查時態(tài)。此處指熊貓媽媽把小熊貓從身邊趕走,此事已經(jīng)發(fā)生，故用一般過去時。W.and考查連詞。這是它再要一