英語四級段落信息匹配題練習(xí)及答案6

英語四級段落信息匹配題練習(xí)及答案6英語四級段落信息匹配題練習(xí)及答案6英語四級段落信息匹配題練習(xí)及答案6xxx公司英語四級段落信息匹配題練習(xí)及答案6文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計，管理制度英語四級長篇閱讀段落信息匹配題練習(xí)及答案（6）Directions:

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.長篇閱讀

BeautyandBodyImageintheMedia[A]Imagesoffemalebodiesareeverywhere.Women—andtheirbodyparts—selleverythingfromfoodtocars.Popularfilmandtelevisionactressesarebecomingyounger,tallerandthinner.Somehaveevenbeenknowntofaintonthesetfromlackoffood.Women’smagazinesarefullofarticlesurgingthatiftheycanjustlosethoselasttwentypounds,they’llhaveitall—theperfectmarriage,lovingchildren,greatsex,andarewardingcareer.[B]Whyarestandardsofbeautybeingimposedonwomen,themajorityofwhomarenaturallylargerandmorematurethananyofthemodelsTheroots,someanalystssay,areeconomic.Bypresentinganidealdifficulttoachieveandmaintainthecosmeticanddietproductindustriesareassuredofgrowthandprofits.Andit’snoaccidentthatyouthisincreasinglypromoted,alongwiththinness,asanessentialcriterionofbeauty.Ifnotallwomenneedtoloseweight,forsurethey’reallaging,saystheQuebecActionNetworkforWomen’sHealthinits2001report.And,accordingtotheindustry,ageisadisasterthatneedstobedealtwith.[C]Thestakesarehuge.Ontheonehand,womenwhoareinsecureabouttheirbodiesaremorelikelytobuybeautyproducts,newclothes,anddietaids.Itisestimatedthatthedietindustryaloneisworthanywherebetween40to100billion(U.S.)ayearsellingtemporaryweightloss(90%to95%ofdietersregainthelostweight).Ontheotherhand,researchindicatesthatexposuretoimagesofthin,young,air-brushedfemalebodiesislinkedtodepression,lossofself-esteemandthedevelopmentofunhealthyeatinghabitsinwomenandgirls.[D]TheAmericanresearchgroupAnorexiaNervosa&RelatedEatingDisorders,Inc.saysthatoneoutofeveryfourcollege-agedwomenusesunhealthymethodsofweightcontrol—includingfasting,skippingmeals,excessiveexercise,laxative(瀉藥)abuse,andself-inducedvomiting.Thepressuretobethinisalsoaffectingyounggirls:theCanadianWomen’sHealthNetworkwarnsthatweightcontrolmeasuresarenowbeingtakenbygirlsasyoungas5and6.Americanstatisticsaresimilar.Severalstudies,suchasoneconductedbyMarikaTiggemannandLevinaClarkin2006titled“AppearanceCulturein9-to12-Year-OldGirls:MediaandPeerInfluencesonBodyDissatisfaction,”indicatethatnearlyhalfofallpreadolescentgirlswishtobethinner,andasaresulthaveengagedinadietorareawareoftheconceptofdieting.In2003,Teenmagazinereportedthat35percentofgirls6to12yearsoldhavebeenonatleastonediet,andthat50to70percentofnormalweightgirlsbelievetheyareoverweight.Overallresearchindicatesthat90%ofwomenaredissatisfiedwiththeirappearanceinsomeway.MediaactivistJeanKilbourneconcludesthat,“Womenaresoldtothedietindustrybythemagazineswereadandthetelevisionprogramswewatch,almostallofwhichmakeusfeelanxiousaboutourweight.”[E]Perhapsthemostdisturbingisthefactthatmediaimagesoffemalebeautyareunattainableforallbutaverysmallnumberofwomen.ResearchersgeneratingacomputermodelofawomanwithBarbie-dollproportions,forexample,foundthatherbackwouldbetooweaktosupporttheweightofherupperbody,andherbodywouldbetoonarrowtocontainmorethanhalfaliverandafewcentimetersofbowel.Arealwomanbuiltthatwaywouldsufferfromchronicdiarrhea(慢性腹瀉)andeventuallydiefrommalnutrition.JillBarad,PresidentofMattel(whichmanufacturesBarbie),estimatedthat99%ofgirlsaged3to10yearsoldownatleastoneBarbiedoll.Still,thenumberofreallifewomenandgirlswhoseekasimilarlyunderweightbodyisepidemic,andtheycansufferequallydevastatinghealthconsequences.In2006itwasestimatedthatupto450,000Canadianwomenwereaffectedbyaneatingdisorder.[F]Researchersreportthatwomen’smagazineshavetenandone-halftimesmoreadsandarticlespromotingweightlossthanmen’smagazinesdo,andoverthree-quartersofthecoversofwomen’smagazinesincludeatleastonemessageabouthowtochangeawoman’sbodilyappearance—bydiet,exerciseorcosmeticsurgery.Televisionandmoviesreinforcetheimportanceofathinbodyasameasureofawoman’sworth.CanadianresearcherGregoryFoutsreportsthatoverthree-quartersofthefemalecharactersinTVsituationcomediesareunderweight,andonlyoneintwentyareaboveaverageinsize.Heavieractressestendtoreceivenegativecommentsfrommalecharactersabouttheirbodies(“Howaboutwearingasack，

，)，and80percentofthesenegativecommentsarefollowedbycannedaudiencelaughter.

[G]Therehavebeeneffortsinthemagazineindustrytobuck(才氐制，反抗)thetrend.ForseveralyearstheQuebecmagazineCoupdePoucehasconsistentlyincludedfull-sizedwomenintheirfashionpagesandChatelainehaspledgednottotouchupphotosandnottoincludemodelslessthan25yearsofage.InMadrid,oneoftheworld’sbiggestfashioncapitals,ultra-thinmodelswerebannedfromtherunwayin2006.FurthermoreSpainhasrecentlyundergoneaprojectwiththeaimtostandardizeclothingsizesthroughusingauniqueprocessinwhichalaserbeamisusedtomeasurereallifew[H]Anotherissueistherepresentationofethnicallydiversewomeninthemedia.A2008studyconductedbyJuanitaCovertandTravisDixontitled“AChangingView:RepresentationandEffectsofthePortrayalofWomenofColorinMainstreamWomen’sMagazines”foundthatalthoughtherewasanincreaseintherepresentationofwomenofcolour,overallwhitewomenwereoverrepresentedinmainstreamwomen’smagazinesfrom1999to2004.[I]Thebarrageofmessagesaboutthinness,dietingandbeautytells“ordinary”womenthattheyarealwaysinneedofadjustment—andthatthefemalebodyisanobjecttobeperfected.JeanKilbournearguesthattheoverwhelmingpresenceofmediaimagesofpainfullythinwomenmeansthatrealwomen’sbodieshavebecomeinvisibleinthemassmedia.Therealtragedy,Kilbourneconcludes,isthatmanywomeninternalizethesestereotypes,andjudgethemselvesbythebeautyindustry’sstandards.Womenlearntocomparethemselvestootherwomen,andtocompetewiththemformaleattention.Thisfocusonbeautyanddesirability“effectivelydestroysanyawarenessandactionthatmighthelptochangethatclimate.”46.AreportinTeenmagazineshowedthat50%to70%girlswithnormalweightthinkthattheyneedtoloseweight.47.Onthewhole,for6yearswhitewomenhadbeenoccupyingmuchmorespaceinmainstreamwomen’smagazinessince1999.48.Somenegativeeffectssuchasdepressionandunhealthyeatinghabitsinfemalesarerelatedtotheirbeingexposedtoimagesofthinandyoungfemalebodies.49.Themassmediahashelpedboostthecosmeticandthedietindustries.50.Itisreportedthatthereisatleastonemessageaboutthemethodsforwomentochangetheirbodilyappearanceonmorethanthree-quartersofthecoversofwomen’smagazines.51.Somefilmandtelevisionactressesevenfaintonthesceneduetoeatingtoolittle.52.Toomuchconcernwithappearancemakesitimpossibletochangesuchabnormaltrend.53.ResearchersfoundthatarealwomanwithBarbie-dollproportionswouldeventuallydiefrommalnutrition.54.TheQuebecmagazineCoup(ePouceresiststhetrendbyconsistentlyincludingfull-sizedwomenintheirfashionpagesforseveralyears.55.Accordingtosomeanalysts,thefundamentalreasonofimposingstandardsofbeautyonwomeniseconomicprofits.答案與解析PartⅢReadingComprehensionSectionB46.[D]題干意為，《青少年》雜志上的一項報道稱，有50%到70%體重正常的女孩認(rèn)為自己需要減肥。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞magazine、50%to70%和normalweight。文章段落中，《青少年》雜志以及百分比50%到70%的內(nèi)容在[D]段出現(xiàn)，該段倒數(shù)第二句提到，《青少年》雜志報道稱，在6~12歲的女孩當(dāng)中，有35%的人至少進(jìn)行過一次減肥，有50%~70%體重正常的女孩認(rèn)為自己超重。由此可知，題干是對該句部分內(nèi)容的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[D]。題干中的needtoloseweight與原文中的isoverweight對應(yīng)。47.[H]。題干意為，總體而言，1999年以來白人女性連續(xù)六年占據(jù)了主流女性雜志的多數(shù)篇幅。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞for6years、whitewomen和occupyingmuchmorespace。文章段落中，提及白人女性在主流女性雜志所占比例的內(nèi)容在[H]段出現(xiàn)，該段最后一句提到，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，雖然1999~2004年間雜志中出現(xiàn)的有色人種的女性形象在數(shù)量上有所增加，但是從整體來看，白人女性還是占據(jù)了主流女性雜志的多數(shù)篇幅。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[H]。題干中的occupyingmuchmorespace對應(yīng)原文中的overrepresented。48.[C]。題干意為，女性身上存在的一些諸如抑郁和不健康的飲食習(xí)慣的負(fù)面影響與接觸年輕苗條的女性形象有關(guān)。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞depressionandunhealthyeatinghabits、beingexposedto和thinandyoungbodies。文章段落中，[C]段提到了抑郁、不健康的飲食習(xí)慣以及接觸年輕苗條的女性形象的內(nèi)容，該段最后一句提到，另一方面，研究表明，接觸這種年輕苗條、妝容美麗的女性形象與女性的抑郁、缺乏自信和不健康的飲食習(xí)慣有關(guān)。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[C]。題干中的arerelatedto對應(yīng)原文中的islinkedto，beingexposedto對應(yīng)原文中的exposureto。49.[B]。題干意為，大眾媒體幫助促進(jìn)了化妝品和減肥產(chǎn)品行業(yè)的發(fā)展。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞boosted和thecosmeticandthedietindustries。文章段落中，只有[B]段提到了化妝品和減肥產(chǎn)品行業(yè)的發(fā)展，該段最后一句提到，通過呈現(xiàn)一個難以達(dá)到和保持的理想身材，化妝品和減肥產(chǎn)品行業(yè)必然能夠得到發(fā)展并獲得利潤，而其呈現(xiàn)方式就是通過大眾媒體。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[B]。50.[F]。題干意為，報道稱超過四分之三的女性雜志封面至少包含了一條關(guān)于如何改變女性身材的方法。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞atleastonemessage和morethanthree-quarters。文章段落中，提到女性雜志封面提供如何改變女性身材的的內(nèi)容在[F]段出現(xiàn)，該段首句提到，研究人員公布說，女性雜志上宣傳減肥的廣告和文章所占的比重比男性雜志高10.5倍，超過四分之三的女性雜志封面至少包含了一條關(guān)于如何改變女性身材的信息——諸如節(jié)食、運動或是整容手術(shù)。由此可知，題干對該句后半句內(nèi)容做了概括，故答案為[F]。題干中的methodsforwomentochangetheirbodilyappearance是對原文中howtochangeawoman’sbodilyappearance—bydiet,exerciseorcosmeticsurgery洽勺相無才括。51.[A]。題干意為，甚至有些影視女演員因為吃得太少而在拍攝現(xiàn)場昏倒。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞filmandtelevisionactresses和faint。文章段落中，[A]段提到了女演員以及暈倒的內(nèi)容，該段第三句提到，有些女演員甚至因為吃得太少而在拍攝現(xiàn)場昏倒。由此可見，題干對原文做了同義改寫，故答案為[A]。題干中的duetoeatingt