心理學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)方案

心理學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)方案一，實(shí)驗(yàn)題目：人類(lèi)在背誦英語(yǔ)單詞時(shí)，英語(yǔ)單詞的長(zhǎng)度和被試背誦的時(shí)間是否影響背誦者的記憶效果1假設(shè)選用短的英語(yǔ)單詞背誦時(shí)，背誦者的記憶效果比選用長(zhǎng)的英語(yǔ)單詞好；背誦英語(yǔ)單詞的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的比背誦時(shí)間短的記憶效果好2變量及額外變量的操縱方法自變量：?jiǎn)卧~的長(zhǎng)度，背誦時(shí)間因變量：背誦者的記憶效果（在分析中，選取單詞默寫(xiě)正確個(gè)數(shù)為額外變量：被試的性別、智商水平，疲勞效應(yīng)等額外變量的操控方法：選擇性別數(shù)量上相等的被試（男10女10）選擇在同一智商水平（按韋克斯勒智力量表）的被試讓被試在實(shí)驗(yàn)中休息3被試的選擇及分組選取男女被試各10名，每位被試接受四種水平（長(zhǎng)單詞一長(zhǎng)時(shí)間、長(zhǎng)單詞一短時(shí)間、短單詞一長(zhǎng)時(shí)間、短單詞一短時(shí)間）的實(shí)驗(yàn)處理4實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)施過(guò)程及方法選擇100個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞（其中，長(zhǎng)短單詞各50個(gè)）作為實(shí)驗(yàn)材料，20名被試把他們隨機(jī)分配到四個(gè)處理水平上，每個(gè)處理水平上分配5名被試。讓每組被試記憶單詞，短單詞選取CET四級(jí)詞匯中含5-6個(gè)字母的單詞，長(zhǎng)單詞選取CET四級(jí)詞匯中含9-11個(gè)字母的單詞；記憶的短時(shí)間為5分鐘，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間為10分鐘。記憶時(shí)間到時(shí)，讓被試默寫(xiě)自己記憶的單詞；批改被試默寫(xiě)的單詞二、計(jì)算機(jī)鍵盤(pán)與水平面可有三種傾斜度：0度、10度和15度，試設(shè)計(jì)一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)證明，哪一種傾斜度最有利于輸入字符。單因素被試間設(shè)計(jì)提出假設(shè)：在計(jì)算機(jī)和水平面之間的三種傾斜度中，0度，10度和15度中，打一段相同的材料(使用相同的語(yǔ)言)，在完成任務(wù)以后，比較一下哪種任務(wù)完成的時(shí)間是最少的，假設(shè)傾斜10度所需要的時(shí)間是最少的。被試篩選被試：篩選被試：在對(duì)被試進(jìn)行選擇的過(guò)程中，需要進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格的篩選。在進(jìn)行最后的測(cè)試之前，要對(duì)每個(gè)被試進(jìn)行測(cè)試。讓所有被試在同一個(gè)房間里進(jìn)行，給他們500字的中文文字，在最后的結(jié)果中篩選出在3-4分鐘內(nèi)完成的被試，這樣能夠排除掉打字技術(shù)對(duì)成績(jī)的干擾。其中選出被試45名。每個(gè)被試分別接受三個(gè)水平的實(shí)驗(yàn)處理(0度，10度和15度)。單因素被試間設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)材料3臺(tái)配置一樣的電腦，分別是：0度，10度和15度。分別給被試呈現(xiàn)不熟悉的材料，避免對(duì)材料有熟悉度，每段文字500字。實(shí)驗(yàn)程序把被試統(tǒng)一安排在指定教室進(jìn)行，事先不需要太多的交流。指導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：大家好，今天我們要進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)文字輸入的測(cè)試。在屏幕中央將會(huì)出現(xiàn)一篇文字，請(qǐng)您以最快的速度輸入文字。在我說(shuō)開(kāi)始后，大家可以開(kāi)始了。電腦自動(dòng)記錄被試完成的時(shí)間。進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析。三、研究者要探討燈光強(qiáng)度與顏色對(duì)反應(yīng)時(shí)的影響，試設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)2X2實(shí)驗(yàn)研究范式。(要求說(shuō)明實(shí)驗(yàn)中自變量、因變量與控制變量，是組間設(shè)計(jì)還是組內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)，被試如何分組，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果如何整理等)參考答案：實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)：采用2X2多因素實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)。該實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的自變量有兩個(gè)：燈光強(qiáng)度：分為強(qiáng)、弱兩個(gè)水平，燈光的顏色：可分為紅、綠兩種不同顏色的燈光。這樣，共有四種實(shí)驗(yàn)處理：紅色的強(qiáng)光、紅色的弱光、綠色的強(qiáng)光、綠色的弱光。因變量：記錄每個(gè)被試在不同實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下的反應(yīng)時(shí)間?？刂谱兞浚核斜辉嚨木毩?xí)次數(shù)、準(zhǔn)備狀態(tài)、額外動(dòng)機(jī)、年齡以及其他個(gè)別差異應(yīng)保持相等。選取研究對(duì)象（取樣）：隨機(jī)選擇大學(xué)生n（n>30）名，并將他們隨機(jī)分為四組，每組分別接受一種實(shí)驗(yàn)處理（見(jiàn)上）。2、研究者要探討三種不同的教學(xué)方法對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)效果的影響，試設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)真實(shí)驗(yàn)研究范式。（要求說(shuō)明實(shí)驗(yàn)中自變量、因變量與控制變量，是組間設(shè)計(jì)還是組內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果如何整理等）實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)：采用隨機(jī)化多組后測(cè)設(shè)計(jì)（組間實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)）該實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的自變量為：教學(xué)方法，有三個(gè)水平：教學(xué)方法I、教學(xué)方法II、教學(xué)方法m。因變量：教學(xué)效果，可用實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)束后學(xué)生的學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)變化情況來(lái)表示?？刂谱兞浚翰煌瑪?shù)學(xué)教師的教學(xué)水平，學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間，學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)等。選取研究對(duì)象（取樣）：在某中學(xué)某年級(jí)隨機(jī)選取學(xué)生nW，將其隨機(jī)分為三組，在數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)中分別使用三種不同的教學(xué)方法。測(cè)出實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)束后三組被試的數(shù)學(xué)成績(jī)，比較三組被試數(shù)學(xué)成績(jī)的平均數(shù)，看是否有差異，采用單因素方差分析（或者F檢驗(yàn)），如果有差異，說(shuō)明三種教學(xué)方法對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)效果產(chǎn)生了不同影響。英語(yǔ)面試你喜歡的電視節(jié)目myfavoriterealityTvshowistheimpossiblegame.TheTvprogramhassixfamousmalestarsofchinatotakepartin,thesixmenareHuanglei,Huangbo,Sunhonglei,Zhangyixing,LuozhixiangandWangxun.Itisveryexcitingandinterestingbecausethesixmenshouldfinishtheimpossibletasksthattheyhaveneverdonebefore.Thetasksneedpeople'sintelligence,strongbodyandcourage.IlikeHuangleithemost,becauseheisthemostclever.Ialsolikesunhongleiandhuangbo,becausetheyseemselfish,infacttheycareothersverymuch.andzhangyixingisthememberofEXO,heisveryhandsomeandpopularwithgirls.Luozhixiangisveryfunny,Ilikehimbecausewhereheiswherethehappinessis.Wangxunisalwayscheated,butheisstillkindtoothers.AtthebeginningIthinkit'sanentertainmentshow,andlaterIfinditisofeducationalsignificance.FromtheprogramIlearnalot,IhopeIcanlearntochallengemyselffromthesixmen,IwishIcanovercomemylimitationandbemorekindtoothers.2、喜歡的音樂(lè)likepopmusicTherearemanydifferentkindofmusics,classic,electric,countryandblue。Amongallthese,popmusicismyfavorite。IlovepopmusicbecausetheyarealwaysfreshandalwaysnewEverytimeyougettiredaboutonepopsong,therewillalwaysbeanewonewaitingforyoutolisten。Also,Ilovedancingwithpopmusicwhichmakesmefeelyoung。WheneverIfeelupsetortired,popmusicwillcheermeupwiththeybeautifulrhymeandteachmehowtolivemylifeinarightway。Popmusicisthesoulofyouthanditgoesonforever。3、喜歡的網(wǎng)站IlikesurfingontheInternet.Althoughtherearelotsofwebsites,IliketheCoCoEnglishLearningwebsitemost.ItisusefulformetolearnEnglish.For-example,therearelotsofEnglishsongs.IcanimprovemyEnglishbylisteningtoEnglishsongs.Also,IcandosometeststocheckwhatIhavelearned.Itisalsointeresting.IcanmakefriendswholikeEnglisheitherbyit.4、喜歡團(tuán)隊(duì)合作還是個(gè)人Teamworkisveryimportantinourisquiteoftenthatoneisnotabletocarryoutajobbyneedsmorepeopletocompleteitcansaysomeimportancejobscouldnotbedonewithoutexample,inafootballmatch,verymemberplaysadifferentrolewhichisimportant,allmembersmustcooperatewitheachothertofightagainsttheopponentcanonlywinthematchwhentheydogoodteamwork,ortheywillbehasanoldsaying,"Unityisstrength",whichmeanstheimportanceofteamwork.5、網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物Whenitcomestoonlineshopping,differentpeopleholdsdifferentideastowardspeopleseemextremelyenjoythewayofbuyingthingsonlinebecausetheyfeelonlineshoppingissoconvenient.Somejustdon’tbelievethattheycanbuygoodqualitycommoditiesfromInternet.AsfarasI’mconcerned,Ithinkonlineshoppingcreateslotsofbenefitstopeople.PeoplebuycommoditiesbyInternetnotonlybecauseitsavesustime,butalso,wecansavelotsofmoney.buyingthingsonlineisawayofsavingtime.Inconclusion,shoppingonlineisaconvenient,time-savingandmoneysavingway.6、分?jǐn)?shù)重要還是能力重要interpersonalrelationshipsintheUniversity,comparedtolearning,alittleisnotimportant;interpersonalrelationshipisbasedonthevalueofthepotentialexchange,apersonofnovalue,donottalkaboutinterpersonalrelationships;learningisnotjustlearningprofessionalknowledge,learningwithoutthinkingofthepeople,alsodonottalkaboutthevalueof.Ifyouwanttobecomeamanofvalue,itmustbeinlearningatthesametime,diligentinthinking,diligentsummary.7、自己的興趣愛(ài)好Ihavemanyhobbies,suchaslisteningtomusic,reading,runningandsoweallknown,listeningtomusicisagoodwaytocoordinateour,Ienjoylisteningtomusic,whichcanmakemefeelvery,Ilikereadingverymakesahavereadthearticlewhosenameis‘OfStudies’thatwaswrittenbysaidthatstudiesservefordelight,forornamentandforwecannotstopotherwords,nevertoooldtoaddition,itisnecessarytodoexerciseloverunning,becauseithasgreateffectsonmyaword,myhobbieshavepositiveinfluencesonmybodyandsoul.8、介紹家鄉(xiāng)Luoyang,asisknowntousall,isthecapitalofthirteendynasties,whichislocatedinthewestofHenanProvince.TheclimateinLuoyangisprettygood.Insummer,itwon'tbetoohot.What'smoreitwon'tbemuchtoocoldinwinter.Luoyangisahistoricalcity,sotherearesomanyscenicsites,suchasLongmenGrottoes(Shiku),WhiteHorse(Baima)Temple,andotherbeautifulsceneryinLuanchuan.Ithinkyoumustknowthissentence'Luoyang'speonyisthebestintheworld'.Sowhynotcometomyhometowntoseethepeoniesnextyear,andatthattimeIwillshowyouaroundmyhometown,besides,youwillbetakentoLaocheng,andImusttreatyouwithlotsofcharacteristicsnacks.Myhometown,Luoyang,isanamazingcityandIloveitsomuch.9、難忘的經(jīng)歷AnunforgettablethingIstillrememberthefirstdaywhenIwenttoschool.Iwasveryshy.IsatbesidemydeskanddidnotsayawordManyboysandgirlswantedmetoplaywiththem.ButIwastooafraidtomove.Tearscametomyeyes.Justthenabeautifulwomancametome.ShetoldmethatshewasmyteacherMissYang.Shetalkedwithmequietlyandtoldfunnystoriestome.WelaughedhappilyandIdidnotfeelafraidanywassokindthatIthoughtshewasjustlikemymother.Fromthenon,ImadeupmymindtobeateacherlikeherwhenIgrewup！10、對(duì)家庭教育和對(duì)學(xué)校教育的看法Ipersonallythinkthatfamilyismoreimportantthanschooleducation:One,inthechild'sgrowthpath,familyeducationismoreimportantthanschooleducation,fathereducationandmothereducationequallyimportant.Second,familyeducationwithchildrenfrombirthto,growthuntilthefoundingfamily.Familyeducationdon'tinschooleducation,theinfluenceonchildrenissubtle.Outlookonlife,values,ethics,aestheticview,modeofthinking,habits,behaveaswillgiveagreaterimpact;intheeducationoffamilyeducationfinancialinfamilylifeisfullofstrongaffectionandtheindividualteachingway.11、喜歡的電影Myfavoritecartoonfilmis"KungFuPanda".Becauseit'sveryfunnyandstorywasgreatandthebackgroundwasbeautiful,itreallyfeltlikeanancientChinesemanypeoplelikethiscartoonmoviethecharacterwhoImostlikeisthepandaArabLeagueitnotonlyunusuallovableandannoysthehumantolike,moreoveristhiscartoonmovie'slead.ButIdidnotdenythatotherrolesalsoverymuchannoytheaffection,forexampletigress(AngelinaJolie),viper(LucyLiu),prayingmantis(SethRogen),hoistcrane(Davidcross)andmonkey(JackieChan).Ifromthiscartoonmoviemiddleschool:Eachpeoplehavethemeritandtheshortcoming,perhapsyouonlyknowyourshortcoming,solongasbutyoulookdiligently,alsowilldiscoverthatoneselfwillhavethemerit.12、城市規(guī)劃Withindustriesandbusinessdevelopingquickly,thenumberoftreesinmanybigcitieshasdramaticallyreduces.Effortsarebeingmadetopreventpeoplefromcuttingmoretrees.Butalotoftreesarebeingdestroyedbypeoplewhohaveneverthoughtoftheimportanceofgreenplants.Makingcitiesgreenerhasmanyadvantages.First,itcanmakeouraircleaner.Someresearchershaveprovedthattreescanreducetheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospherethroughabsorption.Second,itcanmakeourcitiesmorebeautiful.Withtreesandflowerseverywhere,livingconditionscanbeimproved.Finally,itcanproducetimberaneffectivewaytosolvetheproblemsoflimitedsupplyofnaturalresources.Makingourcitiesgreenerrequiresnationwideefforts.Peopleineveryfieldshouldnotonlyknowabouttheimportanceofkeepingthequalityofurbanenvironment,butalsotakecommonactiontoplantmoretreesandflowerssoastoimproveourlivingconditions.13、二胎政策Firstofall,two-childpolicyisthegiftforsomeonlychild.Forsomefamilies,maybetheparentsareonlychildandtheyalsocanhaveonlychild.Putasidethelonelinessoftheirchild,whentheirchildgrowsupandtheygrowolder,theirchildmarrywithanonlychildgirlaccidentally,theburdenontheirchildandhiswifeisunimaginableheavy.Theirchildandhiswifehavetotakecareoftwooldcouples.Usually,ayoungcouplelookingafteranoldcoupleisalittledifficult;ifthepressureincreasingtwice,howcantheystandit.Butiftheirparentshavetwochildren,theycansharetheburdenoftakingcareoftheirparents.Itwouldbemuchbetter.首先，二胎政策對(duì)于一些獨(dú)生子女來(lái)說(shuō)是天賜的禮物。對(duì)于一些家庭來(lái)說(shuō)，也許父母都是獨(dú)生子女，而他們也只生一個(gè)孩子。拋開(kāi)孩子的孤獨(dú)不說(shuō)，當(dāng)他們的孩子長(zhǎng)大了，而他們也變老了，他們的孩子又和一個(gè)獨(dú)生子女結(jié)婚，這樣的話(huà)，壓在他們孩子和孩子妻子肩上的壓力是不可想象的。他們的孩子和他的妻子不得不照顧兩對(duì)老人。通常，一對(duì)年輕的夫婦照顧一對(duì)老人就有點(diǎn)難了；如果壓力增加了一倍，他們?cè)趺茨苋淌苣?。但是如果他們的父母有兩個(gè)孩子，他們就能分享照顧父母的壓力。這樣會(huì)比較好。14、關(guān)于明星Nowadays,star-worshipingispopularamongteenagers,especiallymanyuniversitystudents.Why?Whenitcomestothesymptomsofworshipingastar,themainfactorI’dliketomentionisimitation.Withablindlovefortheiridols,teenagersfirmlybelievethattheirchoicesarethebest.Asaresult,thestars’clothes,hairstylesandhobbies,aswellastheirbehaviorsinpublic,arecloselyobservedorfollowed,though,tosomeextent,theymaybeconsideredimproperorevenridiculous.Inmyopinion,havingidolsisnotabadthing.However,weshouldmakeitclearwhoarethereal“heroes”.AsfarasIamconcerned,therealheroesarethosewhoaremakingthemostcontributionstooursociety,suchasteachers,doctorsandscientists.Asstudents,weshouldlearnfromthem.Onlyinthiswaycanwebecomeusefulpersonsinthefuture.15、交朋友看重的品質(zhì)Everyoneneedsfriends.Afriendcangiveushelpandshareourdifficultiesandhappiness.Buthowcanwemakefriends?First,tomakefriends,youmustbefriendlytoothers.Smileatothersandyouaresuretogetasmileinreturn.Youshouldtrytomakeastrangerfeelathomewhereverhehappenstobe.Thinkmoreofothersthanofyourselfandneverjudgeapersonbyhisappearanceandclothes.Second,friendsshouldnegotiateinsteadofquarrel.Whenyoudon'tagreesomeone,pleasediscusswithhim.Finally,neverbelieveinthosewholeaveyouwhenyouareintrouble.Andneverleaveyourfriendwhenheisintrouble