上海交通大學(xué)英語水平考試樣題

上海交通大學(xué)英語水平考試樣題

學(xué)生姓名：年級：學(xué)號：班級代號：考試地點(diǎn):授課教師：PartIListening(40%)Section1LongConversations(10%)Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfivequestions.BoththeconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenONLYONCE.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoices.Conversation1A)Itisexaggerated.Itisself-important.Itisamovetowardtheconceptssheteaches.Itdoesn,tgiveaclearideaofwhatthedepartmentdoes.A)Shedidn,tagreewithhim.Itillustratesoneofherbasicideas.Themanwasanexpertonpeoplemanagement.Itshowshowsomepeopledonotunderstandpeoplemanagement.A)Worryingcancauseneedlessstress.Itisimportanttorememberotherthingsaswell.Theycanstopyouthinkingaboutmorebasicthings.Wecan,tsolvethem,sothere,snopointinworrying.A)Completely.Innowayatall.Withrespecttorelationships.Withrespecttoprofessionalquestions.A)Bygivingthemawrittenwarning.Bysackingpeoplewhobreaktherules.Byfollowingorganizationalprocedures.Byunderstandingtheemployee,spersonalcircumstances.Conversation2A)Sarcastic.Humorous.Indifferent.Matter-of-fact.A)Shewastalkingaboutsuicideliterally.Shewastalkingaboutsmokingliterally.Shewantedtobeleftalonebysayingso.Shewastalkingaboutbothsmokingandherlife.A)Noneofthemhelpedherpositively.Hermotherwastoobusytobearoundher.Herfatherwastherolemodelshefollowed.Herfriendsalwayscheeredherupwhenshewasfeelingdown.A)Shefeelslesshopeless.Shefeelsshehasmanydreams.Shefeelssheisnotpartofthisworldanymore.Shefeelsthatherlifetookthewrongwayinthepast,butnowshewantstomakeachangeforthebetter.A)Heisapsychiatrist.Heisaschoolteacher.Heisapolicemanindisguise.Heisastrangershejustranintobychance.Section2CompoundDictation(10%)Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassageTWICE.Youhaveitsscriptinthefollowing,butwithelevenblanksinit.Youarerequiredtofillinthefirsteightblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forthelastthreeblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Remember,therewillbeapauseforthelastthreeblanks.ThemedicalcenteratNewYorkUniversityisoneoftheclinicalsitesforthestudy.Thirty-nine-year-oldDeniseHarrisishelpingresearchersgainabetterunderstandingofthebrain.Shesuffersfromepilepsy,anddoctorsaremonitoringherseizuresinthehopeofperforminganoperationtominimizethem.Herheadis1).Wiresprotrudingfromthesideareattachedtoelectrodesimplantedinherbrain.Harrissaysdoctorsaremonitoringhertoseewhethersheisagoodcandidateforsurgery."I'vebeenonmanymedicationsthroughoutmylifeandafterawhile,theydon'twork,"saidDeniseHarris."Istillgetseizures.Sonow,whentheyremovethepartthattheseizureis2)from,it'ssupposedtostop.ButwhileHarrisisinthehospital,sheisalsohelpingscientistsunderstandhowthebraincomprehendsanduseslanguage.Forthestudy,researchersaremonitoringtheimplanted3)onapartofthefrontallobecalledBroca'sarea,namedafter19thcenturyFrenchphysicianPierrePaulBroca.Hewasthefirstdoctortorecognizethemajorroleofthatareainlanguage.Throughtheimplantprocess,calledIntra-cranialElectrophysiology,orICE,theresearchershavefoundthatBroca'sareaprocessesthreedifferentlanguagefunctionsin4)一withinaquarterofasecond.Itisthefirsttimethetechniquehasbeenusedtodocumenthowthebrainprocessesgrammarandproduceswords.EricHalgrenoftheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,SchoolofMedicine,isoneofthe5)investigatorsofthestudy."Whatwewereabletofindwasthatwithinacentimeter,aroundlessthananinch,certainly,andprobablyhalfaninch,thereweredifferentregions-perhapsthey6)some-buttheyweredoing,atdifferenttimes,differentprocesses,allwithinthissmallarea.Thefirstfunctiondealswithrecognizingaword,thesecondwithunderstandingtheword'scontextinasentence,andthethirdletsus7)thewordbyspeaking.HarvardUniversitybrainexpertStevenPinkerisanotherofthestudy'sauthors.NedSahin,a8)fellowatHarvardandtheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,SchoolofMedicinewasthefirstauthorofthepaperoutliningthework,whichwaspublishedinthejournalScience.AccordingtoSahin,9)"Nearlyeveryintroductorytextbookaswellaspeoplepracticinginthefieldinspeechpathology,forinstance,teachandbelievethat10)-Broca'sareaandWernicke'sarea,whereBroca'sareaisresponsibleforproducing,forspeaking,andWernicke'sforcomprehending,"saidSahin.ThisstudyshowsthatBroca'sareaisinvolvedinbothspeakingandcomprehension,illustratingthatpartsofthebrainperformmorethanonetask."Here'sanexampleofonerelativelysmallpartofthebrainthat'sdoingthreeverydifferentthingsatthreedifferenttimes,butallwithinthespaceofaquarterofasecond."ButEricHalgrenpointsoutthatdespiteourgrowingknowledge,muchaboutthehumanbrainremainsunknown."Howdoesthishunkofflesh,whichisnotmuchdifferentfromamuscle-it'sjustabowlofporridge——howdoesitproducethemind?It'satotalmystery".Hesays11)Short-answerQuestions(10%)Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassageONLYONCE.Inthefollowingyouhavefivequestions.Youarerequiredtoanswerthesequestionswithasfewwordsaspossible,inanycase,nomorethan25words.Whatisthebasicideaaboutinterculturalcompetence?WhatislistedasoneofthemostimportantcriteriafOrinterculturalcompetence?WhatisconsideredasoffensiveintheArabcountriesaccordingtothewoman?WhatmistakedidthewomanmakewhenconductingbusinessinRussia?Whatistheadvicethewomangaveintheend?ListeningandTranslating(10%)Directions:Inthissectionyouaregoingtohearfiveshortpassages.YouwillhearthemONLYONCE.Ineachofthesepassagessomeofthesentencesarealreadyprinted.YouarerequiredtotranslatethemissingpartsintoChinese.Aftereachofthepassagestherewillbeapauselastingoneandahalfminutes.Thepauseisintendedforyoutodothetranslation.Ourdevelopmentagendawillalsofocusonwomenasdriversofeconomicgrowthandsocialstability.Womenhavelongcomprisedthemajorityoftheworld'sunhealthy,unschooled,andunderfed.Theyarealsothebulkoftheworld,spoor.About80percentofAustraliansliveincoastalareas.Therearefearsthatsomelow-lyingcommunitiesmayhavetobeabandonedinyearstocomebecauseoffloodinganderosion.Andwithhighersealevels,heavyrainsandmassivetidesknownasstormsurges,whichoftenaccompanytropicalstorms,candounexpecteddamage.Itisnocoincidencethattherelationshipbetweenourcountrieshasaccompaniedaperiodofpositivechange.Andyetthesuccessofthatengagementdependsuponunderstanding--onsustaininganopendialogue,andlearningaboutoneanotherandfromoneanother.ForjustasthatAmericantabletennisplayerpointedout,wesharemuchincommonashumanbeings,butourcountriesaredifferentincertainways.Foravarietyofreasons,productionoftheH1N1vaccinehaslaggedbehinddemand.Thevaccinefortheso-calledswinefluismadeinthesamewayastheseasonalfluvaccine-inchickeneggs.Butthegovernment'stopinfectiousdiseaseexpert,Dr.AnthonyFauci,saidthegoalistoperfectnewwaystomakeavaccine."Whatwereallywanttodoisgetawayfromthatandgetittobe21stcenturytechnology-molecularbiology,recombinantDNAtechnology,whereyouhaveverygoodcontrolovertheprocess.It'srapid,it'sconsistent,anditprovestobesomethingthatwecanrelyon."PartIIIntegratedReading(30%)Section1BankedCloze(10%)Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.GiveyouranswerstothequestionsonyourANSWERSHEET.Attention:Youneedtochangetheformsofthewordsinthewordbankwherenecessary.Anamemighttellyousomethingaboutaperson'sbackground.Namescanbe1)ofclassandrace.DatashowAfricanAmericansarefarmorelikelythanother2)groupstogivetheirchildrenuncommonnames.Whitepeopletendto3)morefamiliarnamesthatwereformerlypopularwithmoreaffluentwhitepeople.Thenewstudypurportstoshowalinkbetweennameandoutcomeoflife:Themore4)yourname,themorelikelyyouaretolandinjuvenilehall.That'sbecauseweknowthatboyswithuncommonnamesaremorelikelytocomefromasocio-economically5)background,whichmeansthattheyalsoaremorelikelytogetinvolvedwithcrime.Eventheresearchersreadilyadmitthatit'snotanamealonethat6)achild'soutcome,butratherthecircumstanceunderlyingthename.Theresearchersfirstassignedapopularityscoretoboys'names,basedonhowoftentheyshowedupinbirthrecordsinanundisclosedstatefrom1987to1991.Michael,theNo.1boy'sname,hadaPopularNameIndexscoreof100;namessuchasMalcolmandPrestonhadindexscoresof1.Theresearchersthenassessednamesofyoungmenbornduringthattimewholandedinthejuvenilejusticesystem.Theyfoundthatonlyhalfhadaratinghigherthan11.By7),inthegeneralpopulation,halfofthenamesscoredhigherthan20."A10%increaseinthepopularityofanameisassociatedwitha3.7%8)inthenumberofjuveniledelinquentswhohavethatname."Still,thestudytheorizesthatteenagersnamedMalcolmmightalso9)becausetheirpeerstreatthemdifferentlyortheyjustdon'tliketheirnames.Andsincethestudy'sreleaselastweek,thename-crime10)hasbeenwrittenortalkedaboutinmajormediaoutlets.popularconnectfavoriteraceaffectcomparedecreasedeprivationactoutsignifyeffectderiveincreasemajorconcludeSection2BlankFilling(10%)Directions:Inthissectionthereare10incompletestatements.Basedonthefollowingpassage,pleasecompletethestatementswithNoMoreThan12Words.WriteanswersonyourAnswerSheets.Whoaresmarter,menorwomen?It'satopicofcommon-andoftencomic-contemplation,butithasalsobecomeaseriouspolicyissueforcollegesandstudentsintheUnitedStates.Afteryearsofconcentratedefforttoraisetheacademicachievementofgirls,whoinpreviousdecadeshadoftenreceivedlessattentionintheclassroomandbeensteeredawayfromcollege-prepcourses,thenationcanbragthatfemalestudentshaveprogressedtremendously.Thoughstillunderrepresentedincalculusandotheradvanced-levelscienceandmathcoursesinhighschool,womennowoutnumbermenapplyingtoandgraduatingfromcollege-somuchsothatitappearssomecollegesaregivingmaleapplicantsanadmissionsboost.Asaresult,theU.S.CommissiononCivilRightsisexaminingwhethercollegesareengaginginwidespreaddiscriminationagainstwomeninanefforttobalancetheirmaleandfemalepopulations.Considersomeofthenumbersatleadingschools:AtVassarCollegeinNewYorkState,aformerlyall-women'scollegethatisstill60%female,morethantwo-thirdsoftheapplicantslastyearwerewomen.Thecollegeaccepted35%ofthemenwhoapplied,comparedwith20%ofthewomen.Locally,elitePomonaCollegeaccepted21%ofmaleapplicantsforthisyear'sfreshmanclass,butonly13%offemaleapplicants.AtVirginia'sCollegeofWilliam&Mary,7,652womenappliedforthisyear'sfreshmanclass,comparedwith4,457maleapplicants.Yetthenumbersofeachwhogainedadmittancewerenearlythesame.That'sbecausethecollegeaccepted45%ofthemenandonly27%ofthewomen.A2007analysisbyU.S.News&WorldReport,basedonthedatasentbycollegesforthemagazine'sannualrankings,foundthattheadmissionsrateforwomenaveraged13percentagepointslowerthanthatformen.Butpercentagesdon'ttellthewholestory.Itcouldbethatthemenwerestrongercandidates,ortheymighthaveappliedinareasofengineeringandsciencewherewomen'snumbersarestilllower.Butsuchjustifications,eveniftrue,areunlikelytofullyexplainthesenumbers.AtschoolssuchastheUniversityofCalifornia,whereadmissionsrelyoverwhelminglyonstatisticalmeasuresofacademicachievementsuchasgradesandtestscores,thedisparitiesdon'tappear.FarmorewomenthanmenappliedtoUCLA-theUC'smostselectivecampus-lastyear.Theuniversityacceptedaboutthesamepercentageofeach,withaslightedgetothewomen.Asaresult,thefreshmanclasshascloseto800morewomenthanmen.Inrecentyears,severalcollegeleadershaveadmittedthattheirinstitutionsgiveaboosttomaleapplicantstomaintaingenderbalanceoncampus.Moststudentsofeithersex,theypointout,prefersuchbalance.IfVassaracceptedequalpercentagesofeachsex,womenwouldoutnumbermenbymorethan2to1.JenniferDelahuntyBritz,thedeanofadmissionsatKenyonCollegeinOhio,aformerlyall-maleschool,broughtthemattertobroadpublicattentionin2006withanOp-EdarticlefortheNewYorkTimesdescribingthedilemmaofheradmissionsoffice."Whatmessagesarewesendingyoungwomenthattheymust...beevenmoreaccomplishedthanmentogainadmissiontothenation'stopcolleges?"NewYorkTimeshaslongfavoredallowingcollegestouseraceasanadmissionsfactorinordertodiversifystudentpopulations.Shealsowrotethatexposuretopeopleofdifferentbackgroundsandviewpointsbettereducatesallstudents-notjustthosegivenalegup.Wearenotinfavorofacceptingunderqualifiedorclearlyinferiorstudentsforthesakeofdiversity.Butmostcollegesareinundatedwithapplicationsfromstudentswhomorethanmeettheirstandards;thedifferencesamongmanyofthemareslight.Itmakessenseforcollegestopickabalancedpopulationfromwithinthisgroup.Atthesametime,admissionsofficersshouldavoidrigidnotionsofwhatconstitutesenoughmenoncampus.It'snotharmingUCLA,ordestroyingcollegesociallife,toadmitsomewhatmorewomenthanmen.EveniftheCivilRightsCommissionfindspervasivegenderdiscriminationinadmissions,there'slittleitcoulddoaboutthesituation.Suchdiscrimination—thoughnotracialdiscrimination-islegalforundergraduateadmissionsatprivate,nonprofitcolleges,eventhosethatreceivefederalfunding.Commissiondocumentsontheinquirysuggestthatcollegescouldfindmore"gender-neutral"waysofbalancingtheirstudentnumbers,perhapsbyofferingprogramsandextracurricularactivitiesthatattractmen.Thosemightworkforsomeschoolsbutwon'tchangetheoverallscenario.Notwithcollegepopulationscomposedof57%womennationwide.Theissuewe'dliketheCommissiononCivilRightstoinvestigateis:What'shappeningwiththeeducationofU.S.boys?Whyaresofewofthemapplyingtoandgraduatingfromcollege?Theoriesandargumentsabound.Somesaythatboysaremoreactiveandthuslessabletositstillforlongperiods—andasaresult,morelikelytobecategorizedashavingattentiondeficit/hyperactivitydisorderorneedingspecialeducation.A2008studybyresearchersatNorthwesternUniversityfoundthatwhengirlsareinvolvedinalanguage-relatedtask-suchasreading一theyshowmoreactivityinareasofthebraininvolvedinencodinglanguage.Boysusemoresensoryinformationtodolinguistictasks.Thestudysuggestsboysmightdobetteriftheyweretaughtlanguageandartsindifferentways.Raceisafactoraswell.ThegendergapisstarkeramongAfricanAmericanandLatinostudents.Theremaybenoonereason-orsolution.Butfiguringoutwaystohelpboysachieveinschoolisabetterresponsetothegendergapthanmakingiteasierforthemtogetintocollegelater.Questions:Thenationhasmademanyyearsofconcentratedefforttochangethesituationthatgirlsinpreviousdecadeswereoftenreceivedlessattentionand.Somecollegesareengaginginwidespreaddiscriminationagainstwomento.Virginia'sCollegeofWilliam&Maryacceptsmenatamuchhigherpercentthanwomenapplicantsso.Inwhatareasmenmayapplymore,andwomen'snumbersarestilllower?AtUniversityofCalifornia,admissionsaremainlyrelyon.Todiversifystudentpopulations,NewYorkTimesislongfor.ActuallytheCivilRightsCommissioncandolittletochangethesituationofdiscriminationincollegeadmissionbecausesuchdiscriminationisCommissiondocumentsontheinquiryadvisecollegestoofferprogramsandextracurricularactivitiesthatattractmenandtobalancetheirstudentnumbers.Thestudyshowsthatindoinglinguistictaskstheboysusemoresensoryinformation,thegirlsshowmore.Despitevarioustheoriesandargumentsaboutwhysofewboysapplytoandgraduatefromcollege,thebettersolutiontotheproblemistoSection3Cloze(10%)Directions:Inthissectionthereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.GiveyouranswerstothequestionsonyourANSWERSHEET.Weformmanyofouropinions1ourfavoritebooks.Theauthorwhomwepreferisourmostpotentteacher;welookattheworld2hiseyes.Ifwehabituallyreadbooksthatareelevatingintone,pureinstyle,3inreasoning,andkeenininsight,ourminds4thesamecharacteristics.If,5,wereadweakorviciousbooks,ourmindscontractthefaultsandvicesofthebooks.Wecannotescapetheinfluenceofwhatwereadanymore6wecanescapetheinfluenceoftheairthatwebreathe.Thebestbooksare7whichstirusupmostandmakeusthemost8todosomethingandbesomethingourselves.Thebestbooksliftustoahigherplane9webreatheapureratmosphere.Asweshouldassociatewithpeoplewhocaninspireustonoblerdeeds,10weshouldonlyreadthosebookswhichhaveanupliftingpower,and11stirustomakethemostofourselvesandouropportunities.Goodbookselevatethecharacter,12thet