語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題之名詞(含練習(xí)和答案)

語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題之名詞（含練習(xí)和答案）語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題之名詞（含練習(xí)和答案）/13教學(xué)課題名詞目標(biāo)知識(shí)目標(biāo)：理解掌握名詞的概念、基本用法。能力目標(biāo)：理解和靈活使用名詞，根據(jù)句子需要使用止確的名詞形式。重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)：名詞的靈活使用；可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變形；名詞所有格。難點(diǎn)：理解英語(yǔ)里的單復(fù)數(shù)概念。過(guò)程.導(dǎo)入.名詞的概要.課堂同步練習(xí)與講評(píng).小結(jié)名詞的用法.拓展練習(xí)與講評(píng)

名詞名詞思義：表示人、事物或抽象概念的詞。如：Shanghai,Lilei,desk專(zhuān)啟名詞普通名詞國(guó)名地名人名團(tuán)體機(jī)構(gòu)名稱(chēng)可數(shù)名詞不口」數(shù)名詞個(gè)體名詞集體名詞抽象名詞物質(zhì)名詞首字母大寫(xiě)表單個(gè)的人或者事物表一群人或一些事物的總稱(chēng)表無(wú)法分為個(gè)體的物質(zhì)表抽象概念的詞如：Jim,June,China,Harbin.teacher,apple…family,police…water,money…h(huán)ealth,friendship…1.可數(shù)名詞（個(gè)體名詞和集體名詞）：有單復(fù)數(shù)之分A.不規(guī)則變化常見(jiàn)的有：man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,child-children,mouse-mice...單復(fù)數(shù)同型：ChineseJapanesepeoplesheepdeerfish（中日友好永不變）aChinese-twoChinese;aJapanesefourJapanese（英法聯(lián)盟a變e）anEnglisheightEnglishmen;anFrenchmannineFrenchmen（其他后面加s） aGermanfiveGermansB.規(guī)則變化情況構(gòu)成例詞一般的詞+sday-daysdesk-desks以s,sh,ch,x結(jié)尾+esmatch-matchesboss-bosses以0結(jié)尾有生命，+es;無(wú)生命，+stomatoes,potatoes,heroes photos,kilos以輔音+y結(jié)尾改y為i+esbaby-babiesfly-flies以f/fe結(jié)尾改f為v+eswife-wivesleaf-leaves1.Someandwillcometovisitourschoolnextmonth.1.Someandwillcometovisitourschoolnextmonth.A.Germans;EnglishmansB.Germen;EnglishmenC.Germans;EnglishmenD.German;Englishman2.Look!Therearethreeandtwoattheschoolgate.Let'sshowthemaroundourschool.2.Look!Therearethreeandtwoattheschoolgate.Let'sshowthemaroundourschool.A.Frenchman;GermanB.Frenchmen;GermanC.Frenchmen;GermansD.Frenchmans;Germans寫(xiě)出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1pieceshoeorangelake2busfoxglasswish3bodycityenemybaby4boykeyholidayway5lifeleafyourselfwolf6zoopianoradiophoto7tomatoherotoothfoot8manwomanfishermanapple9GermanChinesechildsheep1要變,girl和boy卻不變C.復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則：man1要變,girl和boy卻不變1mendoctorsboystudents21mendoctorsboystudents2womendriversgirlfootballplayers1.TheyareA.mandoctorB.mendoctorsC.mendoctorD.mandoctorsD.?？伎蓴?shù)名詞A.sleepB.chanceC.mistakeD.problemA.sleepB.chanceC.mistakeD.problem2.-Lily,couldyoupleasepassmethe?Iwanttocuttheapple.-Sure,hereyouare.2.-Lily,couldyoupleasepassmethe?Iwanttocuttheapple.-Sure,hereyouare.A.penB.pencilC.bookD.knifeA.penB.pencilC.bookD.knifeknifestomachachetoothachecoldfevercoughsecondminutequarterhourweekyearchancemistakequestionproblemideasuggestionsizeshapeinventiondiscoverymessagedifferencedecisioninvitationconcertplayticketsightvoicetastesmellexpressionintroductioncelebration1.Ifyouworkharder,you'llhaveanothertoplaytheviolinataconcert.

E.常見(jiàn)復(fù)數(shù)標(biāo)志all/bothmany/someafew/fewthese/thoseare/were基數(shù)詞two...several幾個(gè)otherdifferent什Tli現(xiàn)在日^的條件下，遇到復(fù)數(shù)名詞，或代詞，動(dòng)詞用原形：weallcomefromChina.Thosewhitesocks small.A.are B.is C.am D.doHowmany dotheyhave?A.picture B.pictures C.apictureWeare ,buttheyare .A.Germans;Japanese B.Germen;JapaneseC.Germans;Japaneses D.Germen;Japaneseturngreeninspring.A.Leaf B.Leaves C.Leave D.LeafsLook!Thekitesintheskyareindifferent .Somearebigandsomearesmall.A.size B.sizes C.color D.colorsIcanseesome onthehill.A.sheepsanddeers B.sheepanddeerC.sheepsanddeer D.sheepanddeers2./、可數(shù)名詞（1）/、可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，不能與a/an或具體數(shù)字連用，但特指某物時(shí)可以與定冠詞 the連用。(2)要表示一/E的數(shù)重時(shí)，常與acupof,apieceof 詞連用，如acupoftea-;twobottlesofwater兩瓶水（3）只能修飾不M數(shù)名詞的詞有 :alittle（一點(diǎn)）,little（幾乎沒(méi)有）,much/agreatdealof/alargeamountof（許多）workhomeworkweatheradvicenewsprogressinformationhouseworkfunweightknowledgeEnglishfooddrinkorangericebreadmeatchickenporkbeefmilkwater .-Whatwouldyouliketodrink,girls? - ,please.A.TwocupofcoffeeB.TwocupsofcoffeesC.TwocupsofcoffeeD.Twocupofcoffees.-AfterP.E.,Ioftenfeelverythirsty. -Whynotbuysome todrink?A.bread B.noodles C.applejuice D.teas.-Whatagood you'vegivenme!Thanksalot. -Mypleasure.A.information B.news C.suggestionD.advice.-CanIhelpyou? -Yes.Iwanttogetsome aboutthetriptoAmerica.A.news B.informationsC.helpD.advice.Yourmothercooksnice.Ilikeitverymuch.A.bread B.beefsC.eggsD.dumplings.-HowcanIgetsomeaboutthe2016OlympicGames? -WhynotsearchtheInternet?A.information B.experienceC.practice D.success.aboutthesportsmeetingmakeusexcited.A.NewsB.InformationC.MessagesD.Advice.TheBeltandRoadinitiative（一帶一路倡議）willhelpChinaimprovewithlotsofcountries.A.relationshipB.agreementC.environmentD.progress3.名詞的所有格：在英語(yǔ)中，有生命的名詞及表示時(shí)間、距離、國(guó)家、城市的名詞 ，常在詞尾加’s表示所屬關(guān)系，叫做名詞的所有格。翻譯成："的"。如:Tom'sbike（湯姆的單車(chē)）。名詞的所有格例詞、例句①直接在詞尾加'sKate'sbag,Children'sDay,Women'sDay②以s結(jié)尾的名詞所有格，在詞尾加’Teachers'Day,students'books③表示兩人共同擁有的人或物，在舟-個(gè)人名后加'sLucyandLily'smother（共同的媽媽?zhuān)鼙硎緝扇朔謩e擁有的人或物，則兩個(gè)人名后都要加'sTom'sandJim'srooms（各自的房間）⑤表某人的家、店鋪、住宅、公共建筑等地名時(shí) ，所有格后面的名詞常常省略atthedoctor's（在醫(yī)務(wù)室）;atTom's（在湯姆的家）⑥表示無(wú)生命名詞的所有格，用of表達(dá)thedooroftheroom,thecoloroftheclothes⑦雙重所有格：用's所有格/名詞性物主代詞與 of所有格相結(jié)合。Afriendofmyfather's,abookofmine.-Istheschoolbagunderthedeskyours?-No,it'smy.Heleftittherejustnow.A.brother B.brother'sC.brothers'D.brothers.Mr.Blackisateacherof.Sheandherclassmateslikehimverymuch.A.mysisterB.mysister'sC.mysistersD.mysisters'

Afriendofmy andIaregoingtovisit nextweek.A.father;BrownsB.father's;theBrownsC.father;theBrownsD.father's;BrownsJoanis sister.A.MaryandJackB.Mary'sandJack'sC.Mary'sandJackD.MaryandJack's注意:但是有些表示時(shí)間、距離、重量、價(jià)值、國(guó)家和城市等無(wú)生命的名詞 ，也可加’s構(gòu)成所有格今天的報(bào)紙today'snewspaper八天的假期an8-dayholidayeightdays'holiday五分鐘的步行路程afive-minutewalkfiveminutes'walk結(jié)論：“數(shù)詞-名詞-形容詞”可構(gòu)成復(fù)合形容詞。兩個(gè)或多個(gè)單詞中間可以用“-”連接，起一個(gè)相當(dāng)于形容詞的作用，這類(lèi)詞叫做合成詞。一般構(gòu)成規(guī)則就是構(gòu)成其的單詞一般都要用原形。.-HowfarisitfromTianjintoChangsha?-Itisa flightfromTianjintoChangsha.A.2-hour-long B.2-hours-long C.2hours'long D.2hourlong.-We'llhavea holiday.WhataboutgoingtoShaoshan?-Goodidea!A.3days' B.3day's C.a3-days D.3-day.-Let'stakeabus.It's ridefromheretothecitypark.-Okay.A.afortyminuteB.aforty-minuteC.aforty-minutes D.afortyminute's.【易混詞辨析】⑴suggestion,advice①suggestion表小"建議"，是可數(shù)名詞Canyougivemesome onhowtolearnEnglishwell?Hehasgotagood todealwithhisoldbooks.②advice表示"建議;忠告"，是不可數(shù)名詞(2)anumberof,thenumberof①anumberof表tk"大量的；許多"，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如:Anumberofpersonsareplayingchess.②thenumberof表示" 的數(shù)重"，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單數(shù)。如:Thenumberofpeopleintheroomis50.1. numberofforeignstudentsarestudyinginthiscollege.

2.numberofAmericanstudentsisover30.(3)news,information,message,instruction①news表7K"新聞；消息”，是不可數(shù)名詞。如:twopiecesofnews②information表示"『息;資料"，側(cè)重/息的價(jià)值，是不可數(shù)名詞。如：someinformation③message表示"口信；消息"，側(cè)重信息的簡(jiǎn)短，是可數(shù)名詞。常用詞組:leaveamessage假言）④instruction表小"說(shuō)明；須知;教導(dǎo)"，是可數(shù)名詞。如:someinstructions.Whatbad !Theschooltripwillbeputoffbecauseofthesportsmeeting..-Idon'tknowhowtousethismachine.-Itdoesn'tmatter.Herearethe ..Wouldyoupleasegivea toLiLei?Heisnotatschool..Canyouprovidemewithsome aboutthetrip?（4）部分單詞作可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)的含義不同 ：可數(shù)/、可數(shù)1.room房間空間Iwantsapianoinmyroom,butthereislittleroominit.2.orange橙子橙汁Thereisanorangeandtwobottlesoforangeonthedesk.3.glass玻璃杯玻璃Theseglassesaremadeofglass.4.chicken小雞雞肉InordertoeatchickenintheSpringFestival,mygrandmaraisedmanychickens.5.time次數(shù)時(shí)間Ihaveenoughtimetoreadthisbookthreetimes.(5)job,work①job"工作"，是可數(shù)名詞。.Hehaslostthree ,becausehedoesn't hard..Doyouwantto late?Wewillhavea foryouasawaiter.②work"工作"，作不可數(shù)名詞或動(dòng)詞；(6)house,family,home①house表示"住宅”，指的是具體的房子或建筑物。IboughtanewhouseinZhongshan.②family表示"家;家庭"，也可指全體家庭成員。Tomhasabigfamily.Therearesixpeopleinhisfamily.③home忌為"家"，帶后眷戀等感情色彩。Forstayingfarawayfromhome,shefeltabithomesick⑺sound,voice,noise①sound"嚴(yán)日"，總稱(chēng)1.The mademefeelannoyed.Iwanttobeinaquietplace.②voice"嗓音",主要指人的聲音.Theteachersaidinaloud ,.Atthefootofthehillyoucouldhearthe_"Pleasekeepsilent." oftherunningwater.③noise指"噪音"。WhenPetercomes,pleaseaskhimtoleavea.A.noticeB.messageC.sentenceD.informationTherearenumberofforeignstudentsintheuniversity;numberofitis200.A.the;aB.a;theC.a;aD.the;theIfoundanewinthiscity.I'mverybusyandhavealotoftodoeveryday.A.job,worksB.work,jobC.work,jobsD.job,work-Idon't'knowhowtostudyEnglish.Canyougivemesome?-Myarespeakingmoreandlisteningmore.A.ideas;advicesB.advices,suggestionsC.advice;suggestionsD.ideas;suggestionShehasbeeninShenzhenfor10years.Shenzhenhasbecomehersecond .A.home B.family C.house D.roomIlikeeating,somymotherfeedssomeeveryday.A.chickens;chickenB.chicken;chickensC.chickens;chickensD.chicken;chicken-Listen.Canyouhearanything?-Yes,That'stheoftherunningwater.A.sound B.voice C.noise D.shout拓展練習(xí)選擇最佳答案。-Wouldyoulike?-Thankyou,butI'mnotthirsty.A.somebreadB.somesandwichesC.somemooncakesDsomeorangeThesespeakverygood.A.Germany,EnglishB.Germens,EnglandC.Germans,EnglishD.Germen,EnglishSomeofthemare.A.womandoctorsB.womandoctorC.womendoctorsD.womendoctorMyfathertoldmejustnow.A.twopiecesofnewsB.twopiecesofnewC.twonewsD.twopiecesofnewsesTwelvewerehurt,butnowerelostinthataccident.A.person,lifeB.people,livesC.peoples,livesD.persons,lifeLook,theseeatinggrassonthehill.A.sheepisB.sheepsisC.sheepareD.sheepsareTherearesomeinthese.A.knifes;pencil-boxesB.knives;pencils-boxC.knives;pencil-boxD.knives;pencil-boxesareusuallycarefulindoingexercises.A.GirlstudentsB.GirlsstudentsC.Girls'studentsD.Girl'sstudents-Areyousurethisisaphoto,thefamouscomedyactress?-Itsurprisedyou,didn'tit?Butshewasoncereallythin.A.JiaLingB.JiaLing'sC.ofJiaLingD.ofJiaLing's-Howfarisyourhomefromschool? -Aboutwalk.A.fiveminute'sB.fiveminutes'C.fiveminutesD.five-minutePleasepassmescissors.Illdothepapercuttingformyarthomework.A.agroupofB.apieceofC.apairofD.acoupleofThebrokenmaycutintoyourhandifyoutouchit,youshouldbecareful.A.glassB.glassesC.candleD.candlesMickeymouseisoneofthemostfamousinAmerican.A.symbol;cultureB.symbol;culturesC.symbols;cultureD.symbols;culturesDay.A.WomanB.WomenC.Woman'sD.Women's15.-Mum,I'veheardthatwecan'teatthesedays.Isittrue?-Takeiteasy.It'ssafetoeatcookedmeat.A.chickenB.chickensC.achickenD.thechicken16.ThestudentsofGradeSevenvisitedMike'sfarmandsawmanythere.A.birdB.duckC.sheepD.rabbit17.Danielhastriedtolosebyeatinglessrecently,buttwokiloshasbeenputoninstead.A.weightB.weightsC.heightD.heights18.-Whatwouldyouliketoeat?-Some,please.A.breadB.cakeC.coffeeD.teaAlltheenjoyedthemselvesonMarch8thbecauseitwastheirownholiday.A.menworkersB.womenworkersC.womanworkersD.manworkersLilyoftenhelpshermotherdosomecookingintheA.kitchenB.gardenC.bathroomD.bedroom-YanJiashuo,agirl,haswontheprizeofMasterofMemory.-Wow,she'sgreat,isn'tshe?A.ten-year-oldB.ten-years-oldC.tenyearoldD.tenyearsold-It'susefulforthedeafpeopletolearnsignlanguage.-Yes,it'sanimportantwayofforthem.A.suggestionB.vacationC.questionD.communication23.HewasborninGermany,buthehasmadeChinahisA.familyB.addressC.houseD.home24.It'ssportstime.MoststudentsinClass1areplayingfootballontheplayground.A.boyB.boysC.boy'sD.boys'25.-It'shottoday.Havesome,please.-No,thanks.I'mnotthirstyatall.A.waterB.potatoesDay.A.WomanB.WomenC.Woman'sD.Women's15.-Mum,I'veheardthatwecan'teatthesedays.Isittrue?-Takeiteasy.It'ssafetoeatcookedmeat.A.chickenB.chickensC.achickenD.thechicken16.ThestudentsofGradeSevenvisitedMike'sfarmandsawmanythere.A.birdB.duckC.sheepD.rabbit17.Danielhastriedtolosebyeatinglessrecently,buttwokiloshasbeenputoninstead.A.weightB.weightsC.heightD.heights18.-Whatwouldyouliketoeat?-Some,please.A.breadB.cakeC.coffeeD.teaAlltheenjoyedthemselvesonMarch8thbecauseitwastheirownholiday.A.menworkersB.womenworkersC.womanworkersD.manworkersLilyoftenhelpshermotherdosomecookingintheA.kitchenB.gardenC.bathroomD.bedroom-YanJiashuo,agirl,haswontheprizeofMasterofMemory.-Wow,she'sgreat,isn'tshe?A.ten-year-oldB.ten-years-oldC.tenyearoldD.tenyearsold-It'susefulforthedeafpeopletolearnsignlanguage.-Yes,it'sanimportantwayofforthem.A.suggestionB.vacationC.questionD.communication23.HewasborninGermany,buthehasmadeChinahisA.familyB.addressC.houseD.home24.It'ssportstime.MoststudentsinClass1areplayingfootballontheplayground.A.boyB.boysC.boy'sD.boys'25.-It'shottoday.Havesome,please.-No,thanks.I'mnotthirstyatall.A.waterB.potatoesC.breadD.cakesKatherinewasexcitedtoreceiveadozenofrosesfromherhusbandon能力提升選擇最佳答案。-iscoming.WhatcanIgetformymother?-Whataboutascarf?A.Women'sDayB.Woman'sDayC.Womens'DayD.Womans'DayMr.Liisalwayspatienttogivemeonhowtoworkouttheproblem.A.anadvice B.manyadvicesC.someadviceD.somesuggestion-Whoseroomisthis?Isitthe?-Yes,itis.A.twins';TomandTim'sB.twin's;Tom'sandTim'sC.twin