2017-2018學(xué)年高中英語人教版必修四練習(xí)：Unit 1 Section 1 課后

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精Ⅰ。單句語法填空1.Apersonsvalueliesnotinwhathehasachieved（achieve)butinwhathehopestoachieve。解析：考查時(shí)態(tài).句意：人的意義不在于他所達(dá)到的，而是在于他所希望達(dá)到的。LastSaturdaythemuseumwascrowdedwith（crowd)visitors,manyfromChina。解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞組.句意：上周六，博物館里擠滿了游客,(他們當(dāng)中）許多來自中國(guó)。3。IhopeJackwillbehavehimself（behave）atJanesbirthdayparty。解析:考查動(dòng)詞用法。句意:希望杰克將在簡(jiǎn)的生日聚會(huì)上表現(xiàn)得體。4。Whatmakesyousupposehimtobeconnectedwiththem？解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞組。句意：是什么使你認(rèn)為他與他們有聯(lián)系？5.Theaudienceallcrowdedin/into（crowd)thestadiumwhentheysawthesuperstar。解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞組。句意:當(dāng)他們看到那位超級(jí)明星時(shí)，觀眾一起涌入體育館。6.Hemeanttohavehelped（help)mewithit，buthewastoobusythen.解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他本打算幫我個(gè)忙，但是那時(shí)他太忙了。meanttohavedonesth.=hadmeanttodosth.,表示“本打算做某事,但實(shí)際上并沒有做”。7.Shedidn'tshowupattheparty，whichmadeallofusdisappointed（disappoint）. 解析:考查“make+賓語+賓補(bǔ)"的用法。句意:她沒有在聚會(huì)上出現(xiàn)，這使我們大家都很失望.disappointed失望的,沮喪的，常修飾人.8.Whatinspiredyoutoformanorganization（organize）thatpromotesahealthyplant﹣baseddiet？解析:考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：是什么給了你靈感建立一個(gè)組織來推廣健康的植物性飲食呢?由句中的不定冠詞an可知用名詞,organization組織，機(jī)構(gòu),團(tuán)體。9。Shedevotedherentireenergytopreparing（prepare）forthefinalexam,andshegothighmarks.解析：考查固定短語。句意：她把全部精力都放在了準(zhǔn)備期末考試上，并取得了好成績(jī).devote…to…致力于，投身于，獻(xiàn)身于，其中to是介詞，其后接名詞、動(dòng)名詞、代詞或名詞性從句.10.Havingovercome（overcome）countlesshardships，hefinallysteppedontheroadtosuccess.解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：克服了無數(shù)的困難，他終于踏上了成功之路。根據(jù)句意可知，“克服困難”發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前，overcome又與主語he是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1.Heretheyusedtositinthethroughalonglazysummer’sday。解析：句意：他們過去常坐在這兒的樹蔭下,度過一個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)的懶洋洋的夏日。shade陰涼處。2。Itistoconsiderthispointmoreclosely。解析：句意：更嚴(yán)密地考慮這一點(diǎn)是值得的。3。Iwithhimallday,butIwasn’tabletoconvincehim。解析：句意：我終日與他爭(zhēng)辯不休，但說服不了他.argue爭(zhēng)辯。4.Thepolicehavearrestedtwomeninwiththebankrobbery.解析:句意：警察已經(jīng)逮捕了兩名與銀行搶劫案有關(guān)的男子。5.Hewasoutspokenthemanager’sfault,whichmadethemanagerunhappy。解析:句意：他對(duì)經(jīng)理的過失直言不諱（outspoken），這讓經(jīng)理不高興。6。Hearguedtheplanwhilehispartnerarguedforit。解析:句意：他反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃而他的搭檔支持。7。Muchmyentertainment,mygoodfriendgotintoawrongclassroom.解析:句意：讓我感到極為有趣的是，我的好朋友走錯(cuò)了教室。8。Hewouldhaveledapeacefullifeinsteadofchanginghislifestyleifhehadnotmethisformerclassmatebyachancewhowaschairmanofabigcompany。解析：本題考查固定搭配.lead/livea…life意為“過……的生活”，bychance偶然地；碰巧，均為固定搭配。9。Inordertomygoal，Ispentalotoftimeonit.解析：句意：為了實(shí)現(xiàn)（achieve）我的目標(biāo)，我在這方面花了很多時(shí)間。10.Ifyoudonotknowhowtoyourselfattableinaforeigncountry,youshouldcopythehost.解析:句意：如果你不知道在國(guó)外餐桌上如何舉止得體，你應(yīng)該模仿主人.Ⅲ。閱讀理解（2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ）YouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow，whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?JaneAddams（1860～1935）AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank。Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace。Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity（社區(qū))bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931，AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.RachelCarson(1907~1964）Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld'slakesandoceans.SandraDayO’Connor（1930～present)WhenSandraDayO'ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman。ShebecameanArizonastatesenator（參議員)and,in1981，thefirstwomantojointheU。S。SupremeCourt.O’Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.RosaParks(1913~2005)OnDecember1,1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RosaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoawhitepassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison。ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil﹣rightsmovement?！癟heonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,"saidParks。1。WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?A.Hersocialwork.B.Herteachingskills.C.Hereffortstowinaprize.D。Hercommunitybackground。解析:A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JaneAddams下的第一句話AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.(任何一個(gè)受到社會(huì)工作者幫助的人都要感謝JaneAddams）可知，在歷史上，JaneAddams以她的社會(huì)工作而出名，與A項(xiàng)相符。文中未提及herteachingskills(她的教學(xué)技能），只是談到了promotingeducation(促進(jìn)教育），故B項(xiàng)與文章不符；JaneAddams獲得了諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng),但她不是因努力去獲獎(jiǎng)而出名的，根本上還是因?yàn)樗龅纳鐣?huì)工作,而且她也并非為了獲獎(jiǎng)才付出努力，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；是她的社會(huì)工作，以及她鼓勵(lì)的社區(qū)感讓她出名，D項(xiàng)Hercommunitybackground.(她的社區(qū)背景）與此不相符。2.WhatwasthereasonforO’Connor’sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?A。Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.B。Herlittleworkexperienceincourt。C.Thediscriminationagainstwomen。D.Thepoorfinancialconditions。解析：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SandraDayO’Connor下的第一句WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool…可知,她在斯坦福大學(xué)法學(xué)院受過教育，并非缺少正規(guī)的法律培訓(xùn),故A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；文中未提及她在法庭上的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)少，故B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)…shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.可知，她沒能在法律事務(wù)所找到工作，是因?yàn)樗且幻?，這與C項(xiàng)“對(duì)于女性的歧視”相符，故選C項(xiàng)；文中未提及她的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況，故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。3.Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil﹣rightsmovementintheU。S.?A.JaneAddams.B.RachelCarson.C。SandraDayO’Connor。D。RosaParks.解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RosaParks下的…italsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott。Itlastedformorethanayear，andkickedoffthecivil﹣rightsmovement.可知，它導(dǎo)致了蒙哥馬利巴士抵制運(yùn)動(dòng),這場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)持續(xù)了一年多，開始了民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)，故選D項(xiàng)，是RosaParks對(duì)美國(guó)的民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)做出了很大貢獻(xiàn)。4。Whatcanweinferaboutthewomenmentionedinthetext?A.Theyarehighlyeducated.B。Theyaretrulycreative。C。Theyarepioneers。D。Theyarepeace﹣lovers。解析：C推理判斷題.本題考查考生理解全文、提煉信息、概括總結(jié)的能力。根據(jù)JaneAddams下的…thefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.,RachelCarson下的Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday。,SandraDayO'Connor下的…thefirstwomantojointheU.S。SupremeCourt。以及RosaParks下的…italsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott…kickedoffthecivil﹣rightsmovement.可知，文中提到的這幾位女性都是不同領(lǐng)域的先驅(qū)(pioneer），因此C項(xiàng)正確。Note﹣takingisaskillthatcanhelpyoudowellinallyourschoolwork.5。Thefollowingaresometipsthatmighthelpyoutakegoodnotes。Writedownkeyfactsandignoreunimportantdetails.6。Someteacherswritenotesontheblackboard,andthat’sgreat.Youcancopytheminclass.Someteachersmaynotwriteanythingdown.Youshouldtakenotesoftheimportantpointssaidbythem。7,don'tbeafraidtoaskyourteachertorepeatwhatyoumiss.Comparingyournoteswithyourclassmates’canbegoodforyourlearning。Itcanalsohelpyouandyourclassmatescorrectsomemistakes.8。Thenotesofdifferentsubjectsshouldbewrittenindifferentnotebookssothatyoucanfindeverythingeasilywhenatestcomes.9，butinthelongrunitsavestime.Ifyougetintothehabitofrecopyingyournoteseveryevening，youwillfindthatyouhavegotabetterunderstandingofyourlessons.A。Goodnote﹣takingtakestimeB。IfyourteacherspeakstoofastC.Goodnote﹣takingisnotjustcopyingD.YourteachersmightdothingsdifferentlyE.Note﹣takingalsoneedsgoodorganizationF.Note﹣takingalsoneedsgoodmemorizationG.ItcanalsomakeyoufeelmoreconfidentwhenyouarestudyingG上一句“做筆記是一種技能，它能幫助你做好課堂作業(yè)"介紹了做筆記的好處，故本處選G“它還能讓你在學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)感到更加自信”，G項(xiàng)承接上文，介紹做筆記的另一個(gè)好處.D下文說“一些老師把筆記寫在黑板上”“一些老師也許什么都不寫”，故本處選D“老師的做法也許不同”,D項(xiàng)引出下文，符合語境。B根據(jù)空后的“don’tbeafraidtoaskyourteachertorepeatwhatyoumiss”可知，選B.此處表示“如果老師講得太快，要敢于讓老師重復(fù)你所遺漏的內(nèi)容”。E根據(jù)下句的“不同學(xué)科的筆記應(yīng)寫在不同的筆記本上"可知，本處應(yīng)選E“筆記也需要有條理”。9.A根據(jù)空后的“但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看它節(jié)省時(shí)間"可知，空處與之是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選A“做好筆記需要花費(fèi)時(shí)間”。Ⅳ。短文改錯(cuò)Mysoccercoachretiredinlastweek.Iwantedtodospecialforhimathisretirementparty。Mymummakesthebiscuitsintheworld，soItoaskherforhelp.Mumtaughtmesomebasicofbaking.Iinsistedondoingmostofthebakingmyself。Ithoughtthebiscuitswerereally.MyonlymistakewasthatIdroppedsomeonthefl