高考英語(yǔ)虛擬語(yǔ)氣講義課件

虛擬語(yǔ)氣高三語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)SubjunctiveMood虛擬語(yǔ)氣高三語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)SubjunctiveMood11.英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣，陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。2.

定義：用來(lái)表示說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)，或者是不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語(yǔ)氣叫虛擬語(yǔ)氣。一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣定義1.英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣，陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。一、2一、非真實(shí)條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣二、賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣三、主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣四、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣五、幾種特殊的虛擬語(yǔ)氣二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的主要內(nèi)容一、非真實(shí)條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的主要內(nèi)容3一、非真實(shí)條件句所表的假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句皆用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。if條件從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反If主語(yǔ)＋did（be用were）主語(yǔ)＋should/would/could/mightdo與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反If主語(yǔ)＋had+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)＋should/would/could/mighthavedone與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反If主語(yǔ)＋did（be用were）

＋should＋動(dòng)詞原形＋wereto＋動(dòng)詞原形主語(yǔ)＋should/would/could/mightdo一、非真實(shí)條件句所表的假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，4考題點(diǎn)擊：Iamnotfreetoday.IfI___freetoday,I__andvisitsomeofmyfriends.A.amwillgoB.were,wouldgoC.shallbeD.be,mustgo2.Ifmylawyer___herelastSaturday,he__mefromgoing.A.hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen,wouldpreventC.were,wouldpreventD.were,wouldhaveprevented3.IfIweretoseeTom,what___you___metotellhim?A.are,goingtoaskB.do,askC.would,askD.did,askBAC考題點(diǎn)擊：BAC5注意1、陳述語(yǔ)氣與虛擬語(yǔ)氣典型例題

1)Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit_____.

A.

willrain

B.rains

C.rained

D.israined

2)---Wouldyouhavecalledherup_____possible?---Yes,butI_____busydoingmyhomework.A.haditbeen…was B.ifitwas…wereC.ifithadbeen…h(huán)adbeen D.ifitwere…wouldbeB該句為陳述語(yǔ)氣，因?yàn)橹骶溆玫氖莣illbeputoff。真實(shí)條件句主句為將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代將來(lái)時(shí)。問(wèn)句中用的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，主句用wouldhavecalled,從句中與過(guò)去相反的動(dòng)詞形式為haddone；答句中表示的是真實(shí)的情況，所以該用陳述語(yǔ)氣。A注意1、陳述語(yǔ)氣與虛擬語(yǔ)氣B該句為陳述語(yǔ)氣，因?yàn)橹骶溆玫氖?

注意2.虛擬倒裝句1.Wereit(=Ifitwere)notfortheirhelp,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.2.HadI(=IfIhad)knownaboutit,Iwouldhavetoldyou.3.Shouldanyone(=Ifanyoneshould)call,pleasetakeamessage.Whatwouldhavehappened,_____asfarastheriverbank?(01上海)

Bobhadwalkedfarther B.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.hadBobwalkedfarther D.ifBobwalkedfartherC注意2.虛擬倒裝句1.Wereit(=7

注意3.錯(cuò)綜條件句

(主從句描述的時(shí)間不一致）Ifyou_____himyesterday,you_____whattodonow.asked…wouldknow B.hadasked…wouldhaveknownC.askedhim…know D.hadasked…wouldknowDIfyou_____________(notbuy)theticketlastweek,how_______yougonow?IfI____(be)you,I_________________(take)hisadvicethen.hadn’tboughtwerewouldhavetakenwould注意3.錯(cuò)綜8

注意4.含蓄虛擬條件句有時(shí)為了表達(dá)的需要，在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中并不總是出現(xiàn)if引導(dǎo)的條件句，而通過(guò)其他代替條件句。Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavesucceeded.Withoutyouhelp,Iwouldn’thaveachievedsomuch.注意4.含蓄虛擬條件句Iwa9Iwentbyplane;otherwiseI____muchlongertime.

A.couldtakeB.wouldtakeC.willhavetakenD.wouldhavetaken

D2.Withoutyourhelp,we____suchrapidprogress.A.couldn’tmakeB.wouldn’tmakeC.willnothavemadeD.wouldn’thavemade3.Jack____yet,otherwisehewouldhavephonedme.A.mustn’thavearrived B.shouldn’thavearrivedC.can’thavearrived D.needn’thavearrivedDCDDC10二、賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣1.“wish+賓語(yǔ)從句”

“ifonly+句子”用在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中,表不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望

wish+賓語(yǔ)從句1一般過(guò)去式（表“現(xiàn)在的假設(shè)”)2.would/coulddo(表“將來(lái)的假設(shè)”)3.haddone或would/couldhavedone（表“過(guò)去的假設(shè)”)werehadstudiedwouldrainIwishI_______(be)astallasyou.IwishI__________(study)harderbefore.Iwishit

(rain)tomorrow二、賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣wish+1一般過(guò)去式11

Ifonly+從句!=HowIwish+從句!要是就好了1).

If

only

he

could

come!

(他要能來(lái)就好了)

=HowIwishhecouldcome!2).

If

only

I

had

known

the

answer!

(我要早知答案就好了.)=HowIwishIhadknowntheanswer!比較ifonly與onlyif（只有）Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.只有鬧鐘響了，我才會(huì)醒。

Ifonlythealarmclockhadrung.

Ifonlyhe___quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlieC

(lie躺，lay,lain)Ifonly+從句!=HowIwish+從句!122.在某些動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中需用should+動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式。“should”可以省略。常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有:一個(gè)堅(jiān)持insist;兩個(gè)命令order,command;三條建議suggest,advise,propose;四項(xiàng)要求demand,request,require,desire;注意:suggest表暗示表明時(shí)insist表堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持說(shuō)時(shí)不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣Heorderedthatthestudents(should)washtheclotheseveryweekbythemselves.Thedoctorsuggestedthatshe(should)haveanoperationatonce.2.在某些動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中需用should+動(dòng)詞原形的虛13考題點(diǎn)擊：1.Iwenttobedearlylastnight,butIwishI

so.A.didn’tdoB.hadn’tdoneC.haven’tdoneD.couldn’tdo2.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.hasB.hadC.willhadD.hadhad3.Theteacherorderedthatstudents_______.A.mustn’tsmokeB.notsmokeC.smokedD.hadsmoked4.Theteacherdemandedthatthework_____before4o’clock.A.finishedB.finishC.shouldfinish D.befinished

BBBD考題點(diǎn)擊：1.Iwenttobedearlylas14三、主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣基本句型：

1.Itbe+過(guò)去分詞+that…+(should)+動(dòng)詞原形+…過(guò)去分詞：suggested,requested,ordered,proposed…Itisrequiredthatnobody(should)smokehere.

It’ssuggestedthateverybody(should)buyadictionary.2.Itbe+形容詞+that…+(should)+動(dòng)詞原形+…形容詞:important,necessary,natural,right,proper,funny,strange,surprising…Itisnecessarythatwe(should)haveawalknow.It'simportantthatwe(should)takegoodcareofthepatient.3.Itbe+名詞（apity/ashame/nowonder）that…

+(should)+動(dòng)詞原形+…三、主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣基本句型：過(guò)去分詞：suggest15考題點(diǎn)擊：Isitnecessarythathe_____theexamination?A.takes B.hastotakeC.musttake D.take2.Itisstrangethathe_____youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold3.Itwasorderedthatnosmoking____inthelibrary.A.shouldallowB.beallowedC.willbeallowedD.isallowedDBB考題點(diǎn)擊：DBB16四、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice,decision等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即（should）+動(dòng)詞原形。

Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)leaveatonce.

1)表語(yǔ)從句:2)同位語(yǔ)從句:Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.四、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在suggestion17考題點(diǎn)擊：Hissuggestionthatyou_____oncemoresoundsreasonable.

A.try B.tries C.musttryD.cantry2.Hegaveanadvicethatthey____eachother.A.helpedB.musthelpC.helpD.hadhelped3.Mysuggestionisthatafewmorepeople___theretohelpme.A.besentB.havesentC.sentD.shouldsentACA考題點(diǎn)擊：ACA18謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1.did（表現(xiàn)在的假設(shè)）2.haddone（表過(guò)去的假設(shè)）3.would/might/coulddone（表將來(lái)的假設(shè)）

五幾種特殊的虛擬語(yǔ)氣1.虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在asif(asthough)引導(dǎo)的從句中1)PeopletreatmeasifI_____asuperstar.(be)2)HelookedatmeasthoughI__________something.(steal)werehadstolen謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1.did（表現(xiàn)在的假設(shè)）192.用在lest（以免）,forfearthat（以免）和incase引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，這時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形1.Sheclosedthewindowslestshe____cold.（感冒）2.Hetookhisraincoatwithhimforfearthat______(下雨）3.Here’ssomemoneyincaseyoushouldneedit.catchitraincatchitrain20考題點(diǎn)擊：1.Wefeltasifwe_____eachotherforyears.A.knewB.wereknowingC.hadknownD.haveknowing2.Hetookawaytheoxygentankforfearthatit______.A.mayexploreB.explodedC.explodeD.hadexplode3.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____.A.breaks B.hasbrokenC.werebroken D.hadbeenbrokenCCC考題點(diǎn)擊：CCC213.It’s(about/high)time從句：

Itis(about/high)timethat

后面的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式或用should加動(dòng)詞原形，但should不可省略。

Itistimethatthechildrenwenttobed.

Itishightimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed.注：在thisis/wasthefirst/secondtimethat．．．句型中，從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用陳述語(yǔ)氣完成時(shí)態(tài)。IsthisthefirsttimethatyouhavevisitedHongKong？這是你第一次參觀香港嗎？3.It’s(about/high)time從225.Wouldrather寧愿……

wouldrather+句子

did(與現(xiàn)在，將來(lái)相反)haddone（與過(guò)去相反）

注

wouldratherdosth5.Wouldrather寧愿……would23虛擬語(yǔ)氣高三語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)SubjunctiveMood虛擬語(yǔ)氣高三語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)SubjunctiveMood241.英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣，陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。2.

定義：用來(lái)表示說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)，或者是不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語(yǔ)氣叫虛擬語(yǔ)氣。一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣定義1.英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種語(yǔ)氣，陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。一、25一、非真實(shí)條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣二、賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣三、主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣四、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣五、幾種特殊的虛擬語(yǔ)氣二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的主要內(nèi)容一、非真實(shí)條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的主要內(nèi)容26一、非真實(shí)條件句所表的假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句皆用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。if條件從句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反If主語(yǔ)＋did（be用were）主語(yǔ)＋should/would/could/mightdo與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反If主語(yǔ)＋had+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ)＋should/would/could/mighthavedone與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反If主語(yǔ)＋did（be用were）

＋should＋動(dòng)詞原形＋wereto＋動(dòng)詞原形主語(yǔ)＋should/would/could/mightdo一、非真實(shí)條件句所表的假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，27考題點(diǎn)擊：Iamnotfreetoday.IfI___freetoday,I__andvisitsomeofmyfriends.A.amwillgoB.were,wouldgoC.shallbeD.be,mustgo2.Ifmylawyer___herelastSaturday,he__mefromgoing.A.hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen,wouldpreventC.were,wouldpreventD.were,wouldhaveprevented3.IfIweretoseeTom,what___you___metotellhim?A.are,goingtoaskB.do,askC.would,askD.did,askBAC考題點(diǎn)擊：BAC28注意1、陳述語(yǔ)氣與虛擬語(yǔ)氣典型例題

1)Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit_____.

A.

willrain

B.rains

C.rained

D.israined

2)---Wouldyouhavecalledherup_____possible?---Yes,butI_____busydoingmyhomework.A.haditbeen…was B.ifitwas…wereC.ifithadbeen…h(huán)adbeen D.ifitwere…wouldbeB該句為陳述語(yǔ)氣，因?yàn)橹骶溆玫氖莣illbeputoff。真實(shí)條件句主句為將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代將來(lái)時(shí)。問(wèn)句中用的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，主句用wouldhavecalled,從句中與過(guò)去相反的動(dòng)詞形式為haddone；答句中表示的是真實(shí)的情況，所以該用陳述語(yǔ)氣。A注意1、陳述語(yǔ)氣與虛擬語(yǔ)氣B該句為陳述語(yǔ)氣，因?yàn)橹骶溆玫氖?9

注意2.虛擬倒裝句1.Wereit(=Ifitwere)notfortheirhelp,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.2.HadI(=IfIhad)knownaboutit,Iwouldhavetoldyou.3.Shouldanyone(=Ifanyoneshould)call,pleasetakeamessage.Whatwouldhavehappened,_____asfarastheriverbank?(01上海)

Bobhadwalkedfarther B.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.hadBobwalkedfarther D.ifBobwalkedfartherC注意2.虛擬倒裝句1.Wereit(=30

注意3.錯(cuò)綜條件句

(主從句描述的時(shí)間不一致）Ifyou_____himyesterday,you_____whattodonow.asked…wouldknow B.hadasked…wouldhaveknownC.askedhim…know D.hadasked…wouldknowDIfyou_____________(notbuy)theticketlastweek,how_______yougonow?IfI____(be)you,I_________________(take)hisadvicethen.hadn’tboughtwerewouldhavetakenwould注意3.錯(cuò)綜31

注意4.含蓄虛擬條件句有時(shí)為了表達(dá)的需要，在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中并不總是出現(xiàn)if引導(dǎo)的條件句，而通過(guò)其他代替條件句。Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavesucceeded.Withoutyouhelp,Iwouldn’thaveachievedsomuch.注意4.含蓄虛擬條件句Iwa32Iwentbyplane;otherwiseI____muchlongertime.

A.couldtakeB.wouldtakeC.willhavetakenD.wouldhavetaken

D2.Withoutyourhelp,we____suchrapidprogress.A.couldn’tmakeB.wouldn’tmakeC.willnothavemadeD.wouldn’thavemade3.Jack____yet,otherwisehewouldhavephonedme.A.mustn’thavearrived B.shouldn’thavearrivedC.can’thavearrived D.needn’thavearrivedDCDDC33二、賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣1.“wish+賓語(yǔ)從句”

“ifonly+句子”用在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中,表不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望

wish+賓語(yǔ)從句1一般過(guò)去式（表“現(xiàn)在的假設(shè)”)2.would/coulddo(表“將來(lái)的假設(shè)”)3.haddone或would/couldhavedone（表“過(guò)去的假設(shè)”)werehadstudiedwouldrainIwishI_______(be)astallasyou.IwishI__________(study)harderbefore.Iwishit

(rain)tomorrow二、賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣wish+1一般過(guò)去式34

Ifonly+從句!=HowIwish+從句!要是就好了1).

If

only

he

could

come!

(他要能來(lái)就好了)

=HowIwishhecouldcome!2).

If

only

I

had

known

the

answer!

(我要早知答案就好了.)=HowIwishIhadknowntheanswer!比較ifonly與onlyif（只有）Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.只有鬧鐘響了，我才會(huì)醒。

Ifonlythealarmclockhadrung.

Ifonlyhe___quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlieC

(lie躺，lay,lain)Ifonly+從句!=HowIwish+從句!352.在某些動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中需用should+動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式?！皊hould”可以省略。常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有:一個(gè)堅(jiān)持insist;兩個(gè)命令order,command;三條建議suggest,advise,propose;四項(xiàng)要求demand,request,require,desire;注意:suggest表暗示表明時(shí)insist表堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持說(shuō)時(shí)不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣Heorderedthatthestudents(should)washtheclotheseveryweekbythemselves.Thedoctorsuggestedthatshe(should)haveanoperationatonce.2.在某些動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中需用should+動(dòng)詞原形的虛36考題點(diǎn)擊：1.Iwenttobedearlylastnight,butIwishI

so.A.didn’tdoB.hadn’tdoneC.haven’tdoneD.couldn’tdo2.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.hasB.hadC.willhadD.hadhad3.Theteacherorderedthatstudents_______.A.mustn’tsmokeB.notsmokeC.smokedD.hadsmoked4.Theteacherdemandedthatthework_____before4o’clock.A.finishedB.finishC.shouldfinish D.befinished

BBBD考題點(diǎn)擊：1.Iwenttobedearlylas37三、主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣基本句型：

1.Itbe+過(guò)去分詞+that…+(should)+動(dòng)詞原形+…過(guò)去分詞：suggested,requested,ordered,proposed…Itisrequiredthatnobody(should)smokehere.

It’ssuggestedthateverybody(should)buyadictionary.2.Itbe+形容詞+that…+(should)+動(dòng)詞原形+…形容詞:important,necessary,natural,right,proper,funny,strange,surprising…Itisnecessarythatwe(should)haveawalknow.It'simportantthatwe(should)takegoodcareofthepatient.3.Itbe+名詞（apity/ashame/nowonder）that…

+(should)+動(dòng)詞原形+…三、主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣基本句型：過(guò)去分詞：suggest38考題點(diǎn)擊：Isitnecessarythathe_____theexamination?A.takes B.hastotakeC.musttake D.take2.Itisstrangethathe_____youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold3.Itwasorderedthatnosmoking____inthelibrary.A.shouldallowB.beallowedC.willbeallowedD.isallowedDBB考題點(diǎn)擊：DBB39四、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice,decision等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即（should）+動(dòng)詞原形。

Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)leaveatonce.

1)表語(yǔ)從句:2)同位語(yǔ)從句:Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.四、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣在suggestion40考題點(diǎn)擊：Hissuggestionthatyou_____oncemoresoundsreasonable.

A.try B.tries C.musttryD.cantry2.Hegaveanadvicethatthey____eachother.A.helpedB.musthelpC.helpD.hadhelped3.Mysuggestionisthatafewmorepeople___theretohelpme.A.besent