大學(xué)英語(yǔ)4級(jí)作文講解課件

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)作文寫作一、大綱要求：能按照規(guī)定的題目和提示，在半小時(shí)內(nèi)寫出120-150詞的短文，能寫短信和便條，表達(dá)意思清楚，無(wú)重大的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。二、評(píng)分原則：（1）四級(jí)作文考試采用總體評(píng)分（GlobalScoring)的辦法。（2）從內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言兩個(gè)方面對(duì)作文進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)判。三、評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：四級(jí)作文滿分為15分。閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分為五等：2分、5分、8分、11分、及14分。1大學(xué)英語(yǔ)作文寫作11、各分?jǐn)?shù)段評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)14分段—切題。內(nèi)容較豐富，文字通順，連貫性較好；基本上無(wú)語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，僅有個(gè)別小錯(cuò)。11分段—切題。表達(dá)思想清楚，文字連貫，但有少量語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。8分段—基本切題。有些地方表達(dá)思想不夠清楚，文字勉強(qiáng)連貫；語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤相當(dāng)多，其中有一些嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。5分段—基本切題。表達(dá)思想不夠清楚，連貫性差；有較多的嚴(yán)重語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。2分段—條理不清，思路混亂，語(yǔ)言支離破碎或大部分句子均有錯(cuò)誤，切多數(shù)為嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。21、各分?jǐn)?shù)段評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)14分段—切題。內(nèi)容較豐富，文字通順2、其它事項(xiàng)如題目中給出主題句、起始句、結(jié)束句，均不得計(jì)入所寫字?jǐn)?shù)。字?jǐn)?shù)不足要酌情扣分。題目給出的不得記入內(nèi)。只寫作文中一個(gè)要點(diǎn)者給：0-4分；只寫兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)者給：0-8分。32、其它事項(xiàng)如題目中給出主題句、起始句、結(jié)束句，均不得計(jì)入所CET4作文常見結(jié)構(gòu)

1、開篇段（ParagraphOne）

TopicSentence+DevelopingSentence(1)+DevelopingSentence(2)+DevelopingSentence(3)…+ConcludingSentence2、擴(kuò)展段（ParagraphTwo）

TopicSentence+DevelopingSentence(1)+DevelopingSentence+(2)DevelopingSentence(3)…+ConcludingSentence3、結(jié)尾段（ParagraphThree）

主題句+擴(kuò)展句（1）+擴(kuò)展句（2）……+結(jié)尾句4CET4作文常見結(jié)構(gòu)

1、開篇段（Paragraph四級(jí)作文試題分析

一、題材：1、貼近大學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)生活和課余生活的校園題材2、有關(guān)社會(huì)變化、發(fā)展和進(jìn)步的熱點(diǎn)話題。二、體裁：議論文、說(shuō)明性議論文、敘事性議論文和應(yīng)用文三、命題形式：1、提綱式命題作文2、提綱式圖表作文3、“情景+提綱”式命題應(yīng)用文5四級(jí)作文試題分析

一、題材：5四級(jí)作文的試題類型1、現(xiàn)象解釋型（2002-06；2002-12…）2、對(duì)比選擇型（1999-6；2000-6…）3、問(wèn)題解決型（2000-1；2001-1…）4、觀點(diǎn)論證型（1997-1；1999-1…）5、應(yīng)用文（2001-6；2002-1…）6四級(jí)作文的試題類型1、現(xiàn)象解釋型（2002-06；2002-一、現(xiàn)象解釋型

2002-12ItPaystoBeHonest

1、當(dāng)前社會(huì)上存在許多不誠(chéng)實(shí)的現(xiàn)象；

2、誠(chéng)實(shí)利人利己，做人應(yīng)該誠(chéng)實(shí)二、對(duì)比選擇型2000-6IsaTestofSpokenEnglishNecessary1、許多人認(rèn)為有必要舉行英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試，理由.2、也有人持不同意見…3.我的看法和打算7一、現(xiàn)象解釋型

2002-12ItPa三、問(wèn)題解決型

2000-1HowIFinanceMyCollegeEducation

1、上大學(xué)的學(xué)費(fèi)可以通過(guò)多種途徑解決；

2、那種途徑適合我（說(shuō)明理由）。四、觀點(diǎn)論證型1999-1Don’tHesitatetoSay“No”1、別人在請(qǐng)求幫助時(shí)，在什么情況下我們會(huì)說(shuō)“不”；2、為什么有些人在該說(shuō)“不”的時(shí)候不說(shuō)“不”；3、該說(shuō)“不”時(shí)不說(shuō)“不”的壞處。8三、問(wèn)題解決型

2000-1HowIFinan五、應(yīng)用文

2002-1ALettertotheUniversityPresidentAbouttheCanteenServiceonCampus假設(shè)你是李明，請(qǐng)你就本校的食堂的狀況給校長(zhǎng)寫一封信，內(nèi)容應(yīng)涉及食堂的飯菜質(zhì)量、價(jià)格、環(huán)境、服務(wù)等，可以是表?yè)P(yáng)，可以是批評(píng)建議，也可以兼而有之。9五、應(yīng)用文

2002-1ALettertothe一、如何寫主題句（TopicSentence)1、主題句也就是段落大意句，是說(shuō)明段落的主題或中心思想的句子，它概括地提供中心思想發(fā)展的線索，并規(guī)定段落發(fā)展的范圍。2、主題句的結(jié)構(gòu)：限制主題（limitedtopic)加上作者對(duì)此主題的意見（opinion),態(tài)度(attitude)，印象(impression)以及反應(yīng)(reaction)。

注意：1)主題不要寫得太寬也不要太窄。2）主題句必須是一個(gè)完整的句子，而不是短語(yǔ)或從句10一、如何寫主題句（TopicSentence)1、主題句也二、段落的展開（擴(kuò)展句的寫作）

擴(kuò)展句是指一個(gè)段落中除了主題句以外的說(shuō)明中心思想的其它句子?？梢詮恼嬲撌鲆部梢詮姆疵嬲撌?。論述的方法可以用舉例法、列舉法、因果法、比較對(duì)比法、分類法、定義法等。1、列舉法(listing)：可以使用的轉(zhuǎn)承詞

Firstofall;Next;Also;MostimportantForonething…Foranother…Firstly;Secondly;LastlyTobeginwith;Inaddition;Besides;FurthermoreFirst;Tomakemattersworse;Worstofall…2、舉例法(Examples)

：

Forexample//forinstance//take…asanexample//acaseinpoint…11二、段落的展開（擴(kuò)展句的寫作）擴(kuò)展句是指一三、因果法（CauseandEffect)

Onereason…Anotherreason…Finally//notthat…butthat//because//owingto//thanksto四、定義法（Definition)通過(guò)闡明事物的性質(zhì)和特征來(lái)發(fā)展段落的方法。五、分類法（Classification)將人或物依據(jù)不同的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分類來(lái)展開段落的方法。六、比較對(duì)比法（ComparisonandContrast)比較兩類事物的相同點(diǎn)和不同點(diǎn)

12三、因果法（CauseandEffect)

On三、結(jié)尾句的寫作

1、一段的最后一句應(yīng)該標(biāo)志著對(duì)主題的態(tài)度、意見、思想的結(jié)束。2、段落的結(jié)束常常有三種方式：（1）對(duì)全段的總結(jié)（2）綜上所敘述，得出結(jié)論（3）自然結(jié)尾3、通常概括和總結(jié)段落內(nèi)容的句子由這些詞引出：

Afterall//Inaword//Inbrief//Inconclusion//Inshort//Insummary//Tosumup//Onthewholetherefore//consequently/Asaconsequence13三、結(jié)尾句的寫作

1、一段的最后一句應(yīng)該標(biāo)志著對(duì)主題的態(tài)度實(shí)用英語(yǔ)作文常用句型

(請(qǐng)注意各句型意思及適用范圍)14實(shí)用英語(yǔ)作文常用句型

(請(qǐng)注意各句型意思及適用范圍)14一、文章開頭句型1、觀點(diǎn)法

1)Whenitcomesto…,mostpeoplethink…,butinmyopinion,…(當(dāng)談到……大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為……,但是在我看來(lái)……)2)Nowadays/Recently,moreandmorepeoplebecomeawarethat…(最近越來(lái)越多的人意識(shí)到……)15一、文章開頭句型152、現(xiàn)象法1)Thesedaysweoftenhearaboutthat…2)Withtherapiddevelopmentof…,…h(huán)asbecomeafrequentlydiscussedtopic.3)Recentlytheproblem…h(huán)asarousedwideconcern/attention.4)Inrecentyears,manypeoplehavebeenfaced/troubledwiththe/aseriousproblem.5)Oneofthepressing/interestingproblemfacingus/oursocietytodayis…162、現(xiàn)象法1)Thesedaysweoftenhe3、引用法1）Thereisafrequentlyquoted/citedproverb“…”,whichshowstheimportanceof…2）Asthesayinggoesthat…4、比較法1)Peopleusedtothink…,butthingsaredifferent.Infact,…2)Weareoftentoldthesedaysthat…,butisthisreallythecase?173、引用法1）Thereisafrequentlyq二、文章結(jié)尾句型1、結(jié)論型

1)Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wecancometoaconclusionthat…2)Insummary/Inaword,itisimportant…2、后果型

Obviously,ifweignoretheproblem…,itisverylikelythat…3、號(hào)召型

1)Itis(high)timethatweurgedanendto…2)Itisnecessarythatstepsshouldbetakento…18二、文章結(jié)尾句型1、結(jié)論型184、建議型1)Effectivemeasures(有效的措施)shouldbetakento…2)Inshort,weshouldsparenoeffort（不遺余力）to…5、方向型

1)Wemayhavealongwaytogobefore…2)Thetimewillsurelycomewhenwe…

194、建議型1)Effectivemeasures(三、段落擴(kuò)展句型1、實(shí)例列舉1）…isoftencitedasanexample.2)Inmyopinion,…isagoodcaseinpointtoshow(theimportanceof…)3)Take…asanexample.2、原因分析

1)Therearemanyreasonsfor…2)Theanswertothisprobleminvolvesmanyfactors.First,….Second,….Third,….3)Themainreasonsforthisproblemareasfollow:Firstofall,….Inaddition,….Finally,….4)…isnotbecause…,butbecause…5)…isalsoresponsiblefor(thechange)…20三、段落擴(kuò)展句型1、實(shí)例列舉203、后果分析1)Thereareanumberofeffects…2)Itleavessomeseriousconsequencessuchas…,…,andsoon.3)Itmaygiverisetoahostofproblems…4、比較對(duì)照1)Theadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantages.Inthefirstplace,….2)Asacoinhastwosides,everythinghasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.3)…and…h(huán)aveseveralthingsincommon.First,….Second,…4)…and…differinseveralways.Inthefirstplace,…213、后果分析1)Thereareanumber5、推理判斷

1)Anyonewiththeleastknowledgecantell…2)Ifthisisreallythecase,wemay…6、事實(shí)引出

1)Noonecandenythefactthat…2)Allreliabledatajustifytheview…3)Itisself-evidentthat…7、數(shù)據(jù)引用1)…increased/decreasedby…percent.2)…thenumberhasmorethandoubled,asagainst…3)Itaccountsfor…percentofthetotal.225、推理判斷1)Anyonewiththele8、直接批駁1)Itistruethat…,butthatisnottosay…2)Thereisnoreasontobelievethat…9、引起重視1)Theproblem…deservesgreatattention.2)Itishardtoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithout…3)…isofgreatimportancetohumanbeings.238、直接批駁1)Itistruethat…大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文寫作速成方法

英語(yǔ)模版寫作24大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文寫作速成方法

英語(yǔ)模版寫作241、現(xiàn)象解釋型樣板：

(1)Asisknowntoall,_______.(2)Peopleseemtogetaccustomedto_____.(3)Infact,________.

(4)Thereasonsof____lieinseveralaspects.(5)Firstly,_____.(6)Secondly,_____.(7)Thirdly,_____.(8)Finally,_____.

(9)Asamatteroffact,______.(10)Ontheonehand,_____.(11)Ontheotherhand,_____.(12)Therefore,_______.

251、現(xiàn)象解釋型樣板：(1)Asisknownto2002-12ItPaystoBeHonest1.當(dāng)前社會(huì)上存在許多不誠(chéng)實(shí)的現(xiàn)象；2誠(chéng)實(shí)利人利己，做人應(yīng)該誠(chéng)實(shí)1）現(xiàn)象部分：描寫普遍現(xiàn)象2）解釋部分：為什么出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象（原因…)3）表明作者態(tài)度部分（我的看法）（1）Asisknowntoall,

weoftenhearcomplaintsaboutdishonesty.（2）Peopleseemtogetaccustomedto

manydishonestbehaviors.（3）Infact,

therearedishonestpracticeineverywalkofourlives.262002-12ItPaystoBeHon(4)Thereasonsof

socialdishonesty

lieinseveralaspects.(5)Firstly,mostpeopleneglectmoralvaluesinpursueoftheirmaterialbenefits.(6)Secondly,

unfaircompetitionworsenthesituation.(7)Thirdly,welackpowerfulandeffectivelawstocopewiththisproblem.(8)Finally,manydishonestpeoplemayescapepunishmenteasily.(9)Asamatteroffact,inmyopinion,tobehonestwillbegoodforboththehonestpeopleandothers.(10)Ontheonehand,behavingyourselfinanhonestwaycanwinrespectfromothers.(11)Ontheotherhand,beinghonestisanessentialsteptowardsourspiritualcivilization.(12)Therefore,itpaystobehonestinthelongrun.27(4)Thereasonsofsocia2、問(wèn)題解決型樣板

(1)Nowadays,thereisagrowingconcernon______.(2)Itiscertainthat_____.(3)However,_____.

(4)

Itwillcausemanyseriousresultsif______.(5)

Firstly,______.(6)

Secondly,______.(7)

Finally,______.(8)Inspiteofallthese,therearestillmanyways_______.(9)Firstofall,______.(10)Inaddition,____.(11)Thirdly,_____.(12)Onlyinthisway,____.282、問(wèn)題解決型樣板28例一：HowtoDealwithAnger?1.許多人容易生氣，而專家提醒，生氣危害健康；2.如何有效地控制或減輕憤怒情緒；3.我的看法問(wèn)題部分：激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)讓許多人容易生氣，而專家提醒如果處理不當(dāng)，生氣嚴(yán)重危害健康；解決部分：如何有效地控制或減輕？冷靜、幽默、找出生氣的原因等等。表明作者態(tài)度部分：我的看法29例一：?jiǎn)栴}部分：激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)讓許多人容易生氣，而專家提醒如果處HowtoDealwithAnger?（1）Nowadays,thereisagrowingconcernover

themethodstocopewithanger.(2)

Itiscertainthat

angerisveryharmfultoourhealth.(3)

However,

noteveryoneknowshowtocopewithangerintherightway.

(4)

Itwillcausemanyseriousresultsif

wearekeptinanger.(5)

Firstly,angermaycausevariousdisease.(6)

Secondly,

angermayspoilourrelationshipwithfriends.(7)

Finally,ourangerwillonlymakeeverythingworse.

30HowtoDeal(8)

Inspiteofallthese,therearemanymethodstodealwithangerwithreasons.(9)

Firstofall,weshoulddecidewhetherthecausedeserveourangerornot.(10)

Inaddition,wemaytrytoseehumorwhenweareintrouble.(11)

Thirdly,wemustlistentoadvicesofothers.(12)

Onlyinthisway

canwecalmdownbeforewecopewithanyproblem.31(8)Inspiteofallthes3、對(duì)比選擇型樣板

(1)Thereisaheateddebateover____.(2)Itiscommonlyacceptedthat______.(3)Incontrast,others______.

(4)Thosewhoholdthefirstopinionsuggest______.(5)Intheirview,_____.(6)However,othersthink______.(7)Theyarguethat_____.

(8)Consideringoneafteranother,Istandonthesideof______.(9)Firstofall,______.(10)Furthermore,_______.(11)Thirdly,_________.(12)Therefore______.323、對(duì)比選擇型樣板32

2000-6IsaTestofSpokenEnglishNecessary

許多人認(rèn)為有必要舉行英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試，理由.也有人持不同意見…3.我的看法和打算1段）引出兩種不同的觀點(diǎn)；2段）一部分人的看法：支持、贊同；另一部分人的看法：反對(duì)、不支持3段）作者的態(tài)度：我的觀點(diǎn)

AtestofspokenEnglishwillbeincludedasanoptionalcomponentoftheCollegeEnglishTest.Thisnewscausesaheateddebateover

thenecessityofthetest.Itiscommonlyacceptedthat

suchatestinChinaisverynecessary.Incontrast,othersthinkitunnecessary.332000-6IsaTestofSpokenE

Thosewhoholdthefirstopinionsuggestthat

speakingabilityisveryimportantintoday’ssociety.Intheirview,atestofspokenEnglishwillurgecollegestudentstoimprovetheiroralEnglish.However,othersthinkthat

writingskillswouldbeenoughfordailyuse.Theyarguethat

spokenEnglishdoesnotnecessarilymeanbetteropportunities.

Consideringoneafteranother,Istandonthesideofthe

formeridea.Firstofall,Englishaslanguageisatoolfororalcommunication.Furthermore,

theabilitytospeakEnglishfluentlyisamustforusinthemoreopenChina.Thirdly,thetestwillhelpusinourjob-seeking.Therefore,thetestofspokenEnglishisnecessary.34Thosewhoholdthefirst4、觀點(diǎn)論證型樣板(1)Itiswellknownthat_______.(2)Thetruthofitisself-evident.(3)Noonedeny___.(4)Therefore,____.

(5)

Manyexamplescanbefoundtoprove______.(6)

Take___asatypicalexample.(7)

People_______.(8)

Furthermore,____.(9)Itgoeswithoutsayingthat____.(10)Then,_____.(11)Thereisnodoubtthat______.(12)Inconclusion_____.354、觀點(diǎn)論證型樣板35例一：CompetitionandCooperation

1、當(dāng)今社會(huì)處處存在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)(觀點(diǎn)部分：競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是社會(huì)普遍現(xiàn)象）；2、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)離不開合作，例如…（例證部分，如足球）3、我的看法（作者態(tài)度）例二：HealthandHappiness1、每個(gè)人都想獲得財(cái)富，財(cái)富似乎就是幸福；2、其實(shí)世界上有許許多多東西是財(cái)富換不來(lái)的。（1）觀點(diǎn)部分：金錢并不代表幸福；金錢不是萬(wàn)能的，但是沒(méi)有錢是萬(wàn)萬(wàn)不能的。（2）論證部分：其實(shí)世界上有許許多多東西是財(cái)富換不來(lái)的如：友誼、愛情、健康等。（3）作者態(tài)度：幸福的構(gòu)成多樣化，友誼、愛情、健康、知識(shí)。36例一：CompetitionandCooperatioCompetitionandcooperation

（1）Itiswellknownthat

competitionexistsineverycornerofthesociety.(2)Thetruthofitisself-evident.(3)Noonecandenythatthemoredevelopedthesocietyis,themorefiercethecompetitionis.(4)Therefore,competitionwillplayanimportantroleinfuturesociety.

(5)

Manyexamplescanbefoundtoprovethat

competitionisnotalwayscontrarytocooperation.

(6)

Takefootballgameasatypicalexample.

(7)

People

havetoadmitthateachmemberoftheteammustcooperatewithhisteammates.(8)Furthermore,thereluctancetocooperatewitheachother

willdefinitelycauseafailureinamatch.37Competitionan(9)Itgoeswithoutsayingthat

competitionhasmuchtodowithcooperation.(10)Then,weshouldstrengthencooperationinateamwork.(11)There

isnodoubtthat

mosttasksareaccomplishedbyacooperativeteam.(12)Inconclusion,competitionoftengoeshandinhandwithcooperation.38(9)Itgoeswithoutsayin5、應(yīng)用文樣板

1）建議信樣板Dear__,（1）Iamdelightedtolearnthat___.(2)Severalyearshaspassedsince____.(3)Inmyopinion,______.(4)Ontheonehand,___(5)Ontheotherhand,___.(6)AstofamoussitesIsuggest___(7)If__.(8)Itisnecessaryforyouto___.(9)Inaddition,__.(10)Iamsure___.(11)Pleaseinformme_____.(12)Iamlookingforwardtoseeingyousoon.SincerelyYours，395、應(yīng)用文樣板1）建議信樣板39例一：

DearAllison,

Iamdelightedtolearnthat

youplantotakeavisitinChinafortendaysinnextmonth.Severalyearshaspassed

sinceIcamefromyourcountry.Inmyopinion,payingavisittoBeijingisyourbestchoice.Ontheonehand,BeijingisthecapitalcityofChina.Ontheotherhand,Beijingisaplaceofinterest.

Asto

thefamoussites,Isuggestthat

youshouldvisittheGreatWallforthefirst3days,whichmayshowyouahistoryof2000years.Ifyou

areenergeticenough,wecanvisittheSummerPalace.Itisunnecessaryforyouto

bringanythingexceptyourcamera.Inaddition,IadviseyoutasteChinesefood.Iamsureyouwillhaveaverygoodvisit.

Pleaseinformme

beforeyousetoff.Iamlookingforwardtoseeingyousoon.

SincerelyYours,

Tom40例一：

DearAllison,

Iam2）批評(píng)、抱怨、投訴信樣板

Dear____,

Mynameis_____.(2)Iam_________.Iventuretowriteyoualetterabout____.(4)Thefocusofthecomplaintis_____.(5)Foronething,____.(6)Foranother,____.(7)Honestlyspeaking,___.(8)But____.(9)Besides,___.

(10)Allinall,thereisstillmuchroomforimprovement.11)Idohope_____.(12)Thankyouforyourtimeandkindconsideration.

Sincerelyyours，

(Signature)

412）批評(píng)、抱怨、投訴信樣板

Dear_例：AletterofComplaint為何寫信；（2）指出問(wèn)題引起的后果；（3）提出批評(píng)的意見DearMr.Smith,Myname

isLiming.Iamaregularconsumerofyourshop.Iventureto

writeyoualetterabouttheserviceinyourshop.Thefocusofthecomplaintisthecashier’sattitude.Foronething,oneofyourcheckoutclerksattemptedtoshortchangeme.Foranother,thiswasforthesecondtimeinamonth.Honestlyspeaking,forthefirsttime,Icaredaboutitless.But

earliertodayIpurchasedseveralitemstotaling$8.40andhandeda$20billtoacashier,andshehandedme$1.10inchange.Besides,shewasnotverykindtomewhenIpointedouthermistake.

Allinall,thereisstillmuchroomforimprovement.Idohopethisisthelasttime.Thankyouforyourtimeandkindconsideration.

SincerelyYours,

LiMing42例：AletterofComplaint42

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)作文寫作一、大綱要求：能按照規(guī)定的題目和提示，在半小時(shí)內(nèi)寫出120-150詞的短文，能寫短信和便條，表達(dá)意思清楚，無(wú)重大的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。二、評(píng)分原則：（1）四級(jí)作文考試采用總體評(píng)分（GlobalScoring)的辦法。（2）從內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言兩個(gè)方面對(duì)作文進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)判。三、評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：四級(jí)作文滿分為15分。閱卷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分為五等：2分、5分、8分、11分、及14分。43大學(xué)英語(yǔ)作文寫作11、各分?jǐn)?shù)段評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)14分段—切題。內(nèi)容較豐富，文字通順，連貫性較好；基本上無(wú)語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，僅有個(gè)別小錯(cuò)。11分段—切題。表達(dá)思想清楚，文字連貫，但有少量語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。8分段—基本切題。有些地方表達(dá)思想不夠清楚，文字勉強(qiáng)連貫；語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤相當(dāng)多，其中有一些嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。5分段—基本切題。表達(dá)思想不夠清楚，連貫性差；有較多的嚴(yán)重語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。2分段—條理不清，思路混亂，語(yǔ)言支離破碎或大部分句子均有錯(cuò)誤，切多數(shù)為嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。441、各分?jǐn)?shù)段評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)14分段—切題。內(nèi)容較豐富，文字通順2、其它事項(xiàng)如題目中給出主題句、起始句、結(jié)束句，均不得計(jì)入所寫字?jǐn)?shù)。字?jǐn)?shù)不足要酌情扣分。題目給出的不得記入內(nèi)。只寫作文中一個(gè)要點(diǎn)者給：0-4分；只寫兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)者給：0-8分。452、其它事項(xiàng)如題目中給出主題句、起始句、結(jié)束句，均不得計(jì)入所CET4作文常見結(jié)構(gòu)

1、開篇段（ParagraphOne）

TopicSentence+DevelopingSentence(1)+DevelopingSentence(2)+DevelopingSentence(3)…+ConcludingSentence2、擴(kuò)展段（ParagraphTwo）

TopicSentence+DevelopingSentence(1)+DevelopingSentence+(2)DevelopingSentence(3)…+ConcludingSentence3、結(jié)尾段（ParagraphThree）

主題句+擴(kuò)展句（1）+擴(kuò)展句（2）……+結(jié)尾句46CET4作文常見結(jié)構(gòu)

1、開篇段（Paragraph四級(jí)作文試題分析

一、題材：1、貼近大學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)生活和課余生活的校園題材2、有關(guān)社會(huì)變化、發(fā)展和進(jìn)步的熱點(diǎn)話題。二、體裁：議論文、說(shuō)明性議論文、敘事性議論文和應(yīng)用文三、命題形式：1、提綱式命題作文2、提綱式圖表作文3、“情景+提綱”式命題應(yīng)用文47四級(jí)作文試題分析

一、題材：5四級(jí)作文的試題類型1、現(xiàn)象解釋型（2002-06；2002-12…）2、對(duì)比選擇型（1999-6；2000-6…）3、問(wèn)題解決型（2000-1；2001-1…）4、觀點(diǎn)論證型（1997-1；1999-1…）5、應(yīng)用文（2001-6；2002-1…）48四級(jí)作文的試題類型1、現(xiàn)象解釋型（2002-06；2002-一、現(xiàn)象解釋型

2002-12ItPaystoBeHonest

1、當(dāng)前社會(huì)上存在許多不誠(chéng)實(shí)的現(xiàn)象；

2、誠(chéng)實(shí)利人利己，做人應(yīng)該誠(chéng)實(shí)二、對(duì)比選擇型2000-6IsaTestofSpokenEnglishNecessary1、許多人認(rèn)為有必要舉行英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試，理由.2、也有人持不同意見…3.我的看法和打算49一、現(xiàn)象解釋型

2002-12ItPa三、問(wèn)題解決型

2000-1HowIFinanceMyCollegeEducation

1、上大學(xué)的學(xué)費(fèi)可以通過(guò)多種途徑解決；

2、那種途徑適合我（說(shuō)明理由）。四、觀點(diǎn)論證型1999-1Don’tHesitatetoSay“No”1、別人在請(qǐng)求幫助時(shí)，在什么情況下我們會(huì)說(shuō)“不”；2、為什么有些人在該說(shuō)“不”的時(shí)候不說(shuō)“不”；3、該說(shuō)“不”時(shí)不說(shuō)“不”的壞處。50三、問(wèn)題解決型

2000-1HowIFinan五、應(yīng)用文

2002-1ALettertotheUniversityPresidentAbouttheCanteenServiceonCampus假設(shè)你是李明，請(qǐng)你就本校的食堂的狀況給校長(zhǎng)寫一封信，內(nèi)容應(yīng)涉及食堂的飯菜質(zhì)量、價(jià)格、環(huán)境、服務(wù)等，可以是表?yè)P(yáng)，可以是批評(píng)建議，也可以兼而有之。51五、應(yīng)用文

2002-1ALettertothe一、如何寫主題句（TopicSentence)1、主題句也就是段落大意句，是說(shuō)明段落的主題或中心思想的句子，它概括地提供中心思想發(fā)展的線索，并規(guī)定段落發(fā)展的范圍。2、主題句的結(jié)構(gòu)：限制主題（limitedtopic)加上作者對(duì)此主題的意見（opinion),態(tài)度(attitude)，印象(impression)以及反應(yīng)(reaction)。

注意：1)主題不要寫得太寬也不要太窄。2）主題句必須是一個(gè)完整的句子，而不是短語(yǔ)或從句52一、如何寫主題句（TopicSentence)1、主題句也二、段落的展開（擴(kuò)展句的寫作）

擴(kuò)展句是指一個(gè)段落中除了主題句以外的說(shuō)明中心思想的其它句子。可以從正面論述也可以從反面論述。論述的方法可以用舉例法、列舉法、因果法、比較對(duì)比法、分類法、定義法等。1、列舉法(listing)：可以使用的轉(zhuǎn)承詞

Firstofall;Next;Also;MostimportantForonething…Foranother…Firstly;Secondly;LastlyTobeginwith;Inaddition;Besides;FurthermoreFirst;Tomakemattersworse;Worstofall…2、舉例法(Examples)

：

Forexample//forinstance//take…asanexample//acaseinpoint…53二、段落的展開（擴(kuò)展句的寫作）擴(kuò)展句是指一三、因果法（CauseandEffect)

Onereason…Anotherreason…Finally//notthat…butthat//because//owingto//thanksto四、定義法（Definition)通過(guò)闡明事物的性質(zhì)和特征來(lái)發(fā)展段落的方法。五、分類法（Classification)將人或物依據(jù)不同的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分類來(lái)展開段落的方法。六、比較對(duì)比法（ComparisonandContrast)比較兩類事物的相同點(diǎn)和不同點(diǎn)

54三、因果法（CauseandEffect)

On三、結(jié)尾句的寫作

1、一段的最后一句應(yīng)該標(biāo)志著對(duì)主題的態(tài)度、意見、思想的結(jié)束。2、段落的結(jié)束常常有三種方式：（1）對(duì)全段的總結(jié)（2）綜上所敘述，得出結(jié)論（3）自然結(jié)尾3、通常概括和總結(jié)段落內(nèi)容的句子由這些詞引出：

Afterall//Inaword//Inbrief//Inconclusion//Inshort//Insummary//Tosumup//Onthewholetherefore//consequently/Asaconsequence55三、結(jié)尾句的寫作

1、一段的最后一句應(yīng)該標(biāo)志著對(duì)主題的態(tài)度實(shí)用英語(yǔ)作文常用句型

(請(qǐng)注意各句型意思及適用范圍)56實(shí)用英語(yǔ)作文常用句型

(請(qǐng)注意各句型意思及適用范圍)14一、文章開頭句型1、觀點(diǎn)法

1)Whenitcomesto…,mostpeoplethink…,butinmyopinion,…(當(dāng)談到……大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為……,但是在我看來(lái)……)2)Nowadays/Recently,moreandmorepeoplebecomeawarethat…(最近越來(lái)越多的人意識(shí)到……)57一、文章開頭句型152、現(xiàn)象法1)Thesedaysweoftenhearaboutthat…2)Withtherapiddevelopmentof…,…h(huán)asbecomeafrequentlydiscussedtopic.3)Recentlytheproblem…h(huán)asarousedwideconcern/attention.4)Inrecentyears,manypeoplehavebeenfaced/troubledwiththe/aseriousproblem.5)Oneofthepressing/interestingproblemfacingus/oursocietytodayis…582、現(xiàn)象法1)Thesedaysweoftenhe3、引用法1）Thereisafrequentlyquoted/citedproverb“…”,whichshowstheimportanceof…2）Asthesayinggoesthat…4、比較法1)Peopleusedtothink…,butthingsaredifferent.Infact,…2)Weareoftentoldthesedaysthat…,butisthisreallythecase?593、引用法1）Thereisafrequentlyq二、文章結(jié)尾句型1、結(jié)論型

1)Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wecancometoaconclusionthat…2)Insummary/Inaword,itisimportant…2、后果型

Obviously,ifweignoretheproblem…,itisverylikelythat…3、號(hào)召型

1)Itis(high)timethatweurgedanendto…2)Itisnecessarythatstepsshouldbetakento…60二、文章結(jié)尾句型1、結(jié)論型184、建議型1)Effectivemeasures(有效的措施)shouldbetakento…2)Inshort,weshouldsparenoeffort（不遺余力）to…5、方向型

1)Wemayhavealongwaytogobefore…2)Thetimewillsurelycomewhenwe…

614、建議型1)Effectivemeasures(三、段落擴(kuò)展句型1、實(shí)例列舉1）…isoftencitedasanexample.2)Inmyopinion,…isagoodcaseinpointtoshow(theimportanceof…)3)Take…asanexample.2、原因分析

1)Therearemanyreasonsfor…2)Theanswertothisprobleminvolvesmanyfactors.First,….Second,….Third,….3)Themainreasonsforthisproblemareasfollow:Firstofall,….Inaddition,….Finally,….4)…isnotbecause…,butbecause…5)…isalsoresponsiblefor(thechange)…62三、段落擴(kuò)展句型1、實(shí)例列舉203、后果分析1)Thereareanumberofeffects…2)Itleavessomeseriousconsequencessuchas…,…,andsoon.3)Itmaygiverisetoahostofproblems…4、比較對(duì)照1)Theadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantages.Inthefirstplace,….2)Asacoinhastwosides,everythinghasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.3)…and…h(huán)aveseveralthingsincommon.First,….Second,…4)…and…differinseveralways.Inthefirstplace,…633、后果分析1)Thereareanumber5、推理判斷

1)Anyonewiththeleastknowledgecantell…2)Ifthisisreallythecase,wemay…6、事實(shí)引出

1)Noonecandenythefactthat…2)Allreliabledatajustifytheview…3)Itisself-evidentthat…7、數(shù)據(jù)引用1)…increased/decreasedby…percent.2)…thenumberhasmorethandoubled,asagainst…3)Itaccountsfor…percentofthetotal.645、推理判斷1)Anyonewiththele8、直接批駁1)Itistruethat…,butthatisnottosay…2)Thereisnoreasontobelievethat…9、引起重視1)Theproblem…deservesgreatattention.2)Itishardtoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithout…3)…isofgreatimportancetohumanbeings.658、直接批駁1)Itistruethat…大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文寫作速成方法

英語(yǔ)模版寫作66大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文寫作速成方法

英語(yǔ)模版寫作241、現(xiàn)象解釋型樣板：

(1)Asisknowntoall,_______.(2)Peopleseemtogetaccustomedto_____.(3)Infact,________.

(4)Thereasonsof____lieinseveralaspects.(5)Firstly,_____.(6)Secondly,_____.(7)Thirdly,_____.(8)Finally,_____.

(9)Asamatteroffact,______.(10)Ontheonehand,_____.(11)Ontheotherhand,_____.(12)Therefore,_______.

671、現(xiàn)象解釋型樣板：(1)Asisknownto2002-12ItPaystoBeHonest1.當(dāng)前社會(huì)上存在許多不誠(chéng)實(shí)的現(xiàn)象；2誠(chéng)實(shí)利人利己，做人應(yīng)該誠(chéng)實(shí)1）現(xiàn)象部分：描寫普遍現(xiàn)象2）解釋部分：為什么出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象（原因…)3）表明作者態(tài)度部分（我的看法）（1）Asisknowntoall,

weoftenhearcomplaintsaboutdishonesty.（2）Peopleseemtogetaccustomedto

manydishonestbehaviors.（3）Infact,

therearedishonestpracticeineverywalkofourlives.682002-12ItPaystoBeHon(4)Thereasonsof

socialdishonesty

lieinseveralaspects.(5)Firstly,mostpeopleneglectmoralvaluesinpursueoftheirmaterialbenefits.(6)Secondly,

unfaircompetitionworsenthesituation.(7)Thirdly,welackpowerfulandeffectivelawstocopewiththisproblem.(8)Finally,manydishonestpeoplemayescapepunishmenteasily.(9)Asamatteroffact,inmyopinion,tobehonestwillbegoodforboththehonestpeopleandothers.(10)Ontheonehand,behavingyourselfinanhonestwaycanwinrespectfromothers.(11)Ontheotherhand,beinghonestisanessentialsteptowardsourspiritualcivilization.(12)Therefore,itpaystobehonestinthelongrun.69(4)Thereasonsofsocia2、問(wèn)題解決型樣板

(1)Nowadays,thereisagrowingconcernon______.(2)Itiscertainthat_____.(3)However,_____.

(4)

Itwillcausemanyseriousresultsif______.(5)

Firstly,______.(6)

Secondly,______.(7)

Finally,______.(8)Inspiteofallthese,therearestillmanyways_______.(9)Firstofall,______.(10)Inaddition,____.(11)Thirdly,_____.(12)Onlyinthisway,____.702、問(wèn)題解決型樣板28例一：HowtoDealwithAnger?1.許多人容易生氣，而專家提醒，生氣危害健康；2.如何有效地控制或減輕憤怒情緒；3.我的看法問(wèn)題部分：激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)讓許多人容易生氣，而專家提醒如果處理不當(dāng)，生氣嚴(yán)重危害健康；解決部分：如何有效地控制或減輕？冷靜、幽默、找出生氣的原因等等。表明作者態(tài)度部分：我的看法71例一：?jiǎn)栴}部分：激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)讓許多人容易生氣，而專家提醒如果處HowtoDealwithAnger?（1）Nowadays,thereisagrowingconcernover

themethodstocopewithanger.(2)

Itiscertainthat

angerisveryharmfultoourhealth.(3)

However,

noteveryoneknowshowtocopewithangerintherightway.

(4)

Itwillcausemanyseriousresultsif

wearekeptinanger.(5)

Firstly,angermaycausevariousdisease.(6)

Secondly,

angermayspoilourrelationshipwithfriends.(7)

Finally,ourangerwillonlymakeeverythingworse.

72HowtoDeal(8)

Inspiteofallthese,therearemanymethodstodealwithangerwithreasons.(9)

Firstofall,weshoulddecidewhetherthecausedeserveourangerornot.(10)

Inaddition,wemaytrytoseehumorwhenweareintrouble.(11)

Thirdly,wemustlistentoadvicesofothers.(12)

Onlyinthisway

canwecalmdownbeforewecopewithanyproblem.73(8)Inspiteofallthes3、對(duì)比選擇型樣板

(1)Thereisaheateddebateover____.(2)Itiscommonlyacceptedthat______.(3)Incontrast,others______.

(4)Thosewhoholdthefirstopinionsuggest______.(5)Int