最近四六級翻譯中國傳統(tǒng)文化詞匯部分

中國特色詞匯英語翻譯第一部分：1.元宵節(jié)：LanternFestival2.刺繡：embroidery3.重陽節(jié)：Double-NinthFestival4.清明節(jié)：Tombsweepingday5.剪紙：PaperCutting6.書法：Calligraphy7.對聯(lián)：(SpringFestival)Couplets8.象形文字：Pictograms/PictographicCharacters9.人才流動：BrainDrain/BrainFlow10.四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle11.戰(zhàn)國：WarringStates12.風(fēng)水：Fengshui/GeomanticOmen13.鐵飯碗：IronBowl14.函授部：TheCorrespondenceDepartment15.集體舞：GroupDance16.黃土高原：LoessPlateau17.紅白喜事：WeddingsandFunerals18.中秋節(jié)：Mid-AutumnDay19.結(jié)婚證：MarriageCertificate20.儒家文化：ConfucianCulture21.附屬學(xué)校：Affiliatedschool22.古裝片：CostumeDrama23.武打片：ChineseSwordplayMovie24.元宵：Tangyuan/SweetRiceDumpling25.一國兩制：OneCountry,TwoSystems26.火鍋：HotPot27.四人幫：GangofFour28.《詩經(jīng)》：TheBookofSongs29.素質(zhì)教育：Essential-qualities-orientedEducation30.《史記》：HistoricalRecords/RecordsoftheGrandHistorian31.大躍進(jìn)：GreatLeapForward(Movement)32.《西游記》：TheJourneytotheWest33.除夕：ChineseNewYear’sEve/EveoftheSpringFestival34.針灸：Acupuncture35.唐三彩：Tri-colorPotteryoftheTangDynasty/TheTangTri-coloredpottery36.中國特色的社會主義：Chinese-characteredSocialist/SocialistwithChinesecharacteristics37.偏旁：radical38.孟子：Mencius39.亭/閣：Pavilion/Attic40.大中型國有企業(yè)：LargeandMedium-sizedState-ownedEnterprises41.火藥：gunpowder42.農(nóng)歷：LunarCalendar43.印/璽：Seal/Stamp44.物質(zhì)精神文明建設(shè)：TheConstructionofMaterialCivilizationandSpiritualCivilization45.京?。築eijingOpera/PekingOpera46.秦腔：CryingofQinPeople/QinOpera47.太極拳：TaiChi48.獨生子女證：TheCertificateofOne-child49.天壇：AltarofHeaveninBeijing50.小吃攤：SnackBar/SnackStand51.紅雙喜：DoubleHappiness52.政治輔導(dǎo)員：PoliticalCounselor/SchoolCounselor53.春卷：SpringRoll(s)54.蓮藕：LotusRoot55.追星族：StarStruck56.故宮博物院：ThePalaceMuseum57.相聲：Cross-talk/ComicDialogue58.下崗：Layoff/Laidoff59.北京烤鴨：BeijingRoastDuck60.高等自學(xué)考試：Self-taughtExaminationofHigherEducation61.煙花爆竹：fireworksandfirecracker62.敦煌莫高窟：MogaoCaves63.電視小品：TVSketch/TVSkit64.香港澳門同胞：CompatriotsfromHongKongandMacao65.文化大革命：CulturalRevolution66.長江中下游地區(qū)：TheMid-lowReachesofYangtzeRiver67.門當(dāng)戶對：PerfectMatch/ExactMatch68.《水滸》：WaterMargin/OutlawsoftheMarsh69.中外合資企業(yè)：JointVentures70.文房四寶（筆墨紙硯）："TheFourTreasureoftheStudy""Brush,Inkstick,Paper,andInkstone"第二部分中國意念詞（Chinesenesses）八卦trigram陰、陽yin,yang道Dao（cf.logo）江湖（世界）thejianghuWorld（thetraits’world）e.g.Youcan’tcontroleverythinginatraits’world.(人在江湖，身不由己)道Daoism（Taoism）上火excessiveinternalheat儒學(xué)Confucianism紅學(xué)（《紅樓夢》研究）redology世外桃源Shangri-laorArcadia開放kaifang（Chineseopennesstotheoutsideworld）大鍋飯gettinganequalshareregardlessoftheworkdone傷痕文學(xué)scarliteratureortheliteratureofthewounded不搞一刀切noimposinguniformityon…合乎國情，順乎民意toconformwiththenationalconditionsandthewillofthepeople亂攤派，亂收費impositionofarbitraryquotasandservicecharge鐵交椅iron(lifetime)post’s;guaranteedleadingpost脫貧toshakeoffpoverty;anti-poverty治則興，亂則衰Orderleadstoprosperityandchaostodecline第三部分中華民族的喜慶節(jié)日（ChineseFestivial）國慶節(jié)NationalDay中秋節(jié)Mia-AutumnFestival春節(jié)SpringFestival元宵節(jié)LanternFestival兒童節(jié)Children’sDay端午節(jié)DragonBoatFestival婦女節(jié)Women’sDay潑水節(jié)Water-SplashingDay五四青年節(jié)YouthDay第四部分中國獨特的傳統(tǒng)飲食（UniqueTraditionalChineseFoods）餛飩wonton花卷steamedtwistedrolls套餐setmeal盒飯boxlunch;Chinesetake-away米豆腐ricetofu魔芋豆腐konjaktofu米粉ricenoodles冰糖葫蘆astickofsugar-coatedhaws(orapples,etc.)粉絲glassnoodles豆腐腦jelliedbeancurd第五部分中國新興事物（NewlySproutedThings）中國電信ChinaTelecom中國移動ChinaMobile十五計劃the10thFive-YearPlan中國電腦聯(lián)網(wǎng)Chinanet三峽工程theThreeGorgesProject希望工程ProjectHope京九鐵路BeijingCKowloonRailway扶貧工程Anti-PovertyProject菜籃子工程VegetableBasketProject溫飽工程Decent-LifeProject安居工程EconomyHousingProject掃黃Porn-PurgingCampaign西部大開發(fā)Go-WestCampaign5、特有的一些漢語詞匯禪宗ZenBuddhism禪dhyana;dhgaya混沌chaos道Daosim,thewayanditspower四諦FourNobleTruth八正道EightfoldPath無常anity五行說TheoryofFiveElements無我anatman坐禪mettaortranscendentalmeditation空sunyata虛無nothingness雙喜doublehappiness(中)，adoubledstrokeofluck(英)小品wittyskits相聲cross-talk噱頭；掉包袱gimmick,stunt夜貓子nightpeople;night-owls本命年thisanimalyearofsb.處世之道philosophyoflife姻緣yinyuan（prefixedfateofmarriage）還愿redeemawish(vows)6、具有文化特色的現(xiàn)代表述大陸中國MainlandChina紅色中國socialistChina四化FourModernizations終生職業(yè)job-for-life鐵飯碗ironricebowl大鍋飯communalpot關(guān)系戶closely-relatedunits外出打工人員migrantworkers關(guān)系網(wǎng)personalnets,closely-knittedguild五講(講文明、講禮貌、講衛(wèi)生、講秩序、講道德)：theFiveMeritsfocusondecorum,manners,hygiene,disciplinesandmorals四美（心靈美、語言美、行為美、環(huán)境美）：theFourVirtuesaregoldenheart,refinedlanguage,civilizedbehavior,andgreenenvironment7、中國古代獨特事物（UniqueAncientChineseItems）宣紙ricepaper衙門yamen叩頭kowtow孔子Confucius武術(shù)wushu（ChineseMartialArts）功夫kungfu；kungfu中庸thewayofmedium（cf.GoldenMeans）中和harmony(zhonghe)孝順toshowfilialobedience孝子dutifulson家長familyhead三綱：君為臣綱，父為子綱，夫為妻綱threecardinalguides:rulerguidessubject,fatherguidessonhusbandguideswife五常：仁、義、理、智、信fiveconstantvirtues:benevolence(humanity),righteousness,propriety,wisdomandfidelity八股文eight-leggedessays多子多福：Themoresons/children,themoreblessing/greathappiness養(yǎng)兒防老：raisingsonstosupportoneinone’soldage8、近一季度見諸報端的中國現(xiàn)代特色詞匯翻譯基層監(jiān)督grass-rootssupervision基礎(chǔ)稅率basetarifflevel婚介所matrimonialagency婚外戀extramaritallove婚紗攝影bridephoto黑心棉shoddycotton機(jī)器閱卷machinescoring即開型獎券scratch-openticket/lottery集中精力把經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)搞上去goalloutforeconomicdevelopment價格聽證會publicpricehearings甲A球隊DivisionASoccerTeam家政服務(wù)householdmanagementservice加強(qiáng)輿論監(jiān)督ensurethecorrectorientationismaintainedinpublicopinion假帳accountingfraud叫板challenge;pickaquarrel矯情uselamearguments借調(diào)temporarilytransfer漸進(jìn)式臺獨gradualTaiwanindependence擴(kuò)大中等收入者比重Raisetheproportionofthemiddle-incomegroup.擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需，刺激消費expanddomesticdemandandconsumption安居工程housingprojectforlow-incomeurbanresidents智力密集型concentrationofbrainpower;knowledge-intensive外資企業(yè)overseas-fundedenterprises下崗職工laid-offworkers分流repositionofredundantpersonnel三角債chaindebts素質(zhì)教育educationforall-rounddevelopment豆腐渣工程jerry-builtprojects社會治安情況law-and-ordersituation民族國家nationstate“臺獨”"independenceofTaiwan"臺灣當(dāng)局Taiwanauthorities臺灣同胞Taiwancompatriots臺灣是中國領(lǐng)土不可分割的一部分。TaiwanisaninalienablepartoftheChineseterritory.西部大開發(fā)DevelopmentoftheWestRegions可持續(xù)性發(fā)展sustainabledevelopment風(fēng)險投資riskinvestment通貨緊縮deflation擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需toexpanddomesticdemand計算機(jī)輔助教學(xué)computer-assistedinstruction(CAI)網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間cyberspace虛擬現(xiàn)實virtualreality網(wǎng)民netizen(netcitizen)電腦犯罪computercrime電子商務(wù)thee-business網(wǎng)上購物shoppingonline應(yīng)試教育exam-orientededucation學(xué)生減負(fù)toreducestudyload總裁助理assistantpresident綜合治理comprehensivetreatment安居工程housingprojectforlow-incomeurbanresidents信息化information-based;informationization智力密集型concentrationofbrainpower;knowledge-intensive外資企業(yè)overseas-fundedenterprises下崗職工laid-offworkers分流repositionofredundantpersonnel素質(zhì)教育educationforall-rounddevelopment通貨緊縮deflation擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需toexpanddomesticdemand計算機(jī)輔助教學(xué)computer-assistedinstruction(CAI)下海plungeintothecommercialsea下網(wǎng)offline小康之家well-offfamily;comfortably-offfamily新秀up-and-comingstar,risingstar新新人類NewHumanBeing;XGeneration形象小姐imagerepresentativeofaproductorabrand虛擬網(wǎng)virtualnet學(xué)生處students"affairsdivision研究生畢業(yè)證/學(xué)位證graduatediploma/graudatedegree"sdiploma搖錢樹cashcow以人為本peopleoriented;peopleforemost義務(wù)教育compulsoryeducation易拉罐popcan應(yīng)試教育examination-orientededucationsystem輿論導(dǎo)向directionofpublicopinion運球dribble在職博士生on-jobdoctorate早戀puppylove招生就業(yè)指導(dǎo)辦公室enrolmentandvocationguidanceoffice證券營業(yè)部stockexchange;securityexchange知識產(chǎn)權(quán)intellectualpropertyrights中專生secondaryspecializedortechnicalschoolstudent中流砥柱mainstay,chiefcornerstone專賣店exclusiveagency;franchisedstore自我保護(hù)意識self-protectionawareness綜合國力comprehensivenationalstrength綜合業(yè)務(wù)數(shù)字網(wǎng)integratedservicedigitalnetwork(ISDN)公正、公平、公開just,fairandopen好萊塢大片Hollywoodblockbuster黃金時段primetime假唱lip-synch勁射powershot拉拉隊cheeringsquad來電顯示電話機(jī)callerIDtelephone論文答辯(thesis)oraldefense泡沫經(jīng)濟(jì)bubbleeconomy票販子scalper,tickettout拳頭產(chǎn)品competitiveproducts;knock-outproducts;blockbuster三角戀愛lovetriangle三維動畫片three-dimensionalanimation"掃黃"/"打非"eliminatepornographyandillegalpublications申辦奧運會bidfortheOlympicGames實現(xiàn)中華民偉大復(fù)興bringaboutagreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenation市場疲軟sluggishmarket素質(zhì)教育educationforall-arounddevelopment筒子樓：tube-shapedapartment脫貧致富cast(shake,throw)offpovertyandsetoutonaroadtoprosperty網(wǎng)吧Internetbar網(wǎng)戀onlineloveaffair網(wǎng)上沖浪surftheInternet網(wǎng)上交易平臺onlinetradingplatform無人售票self-serviceticketing無繩來電顯示電話cordlesstelephonewithcallerID無線應(yīng)用協(xié)議WAP（wirelessapplicationprotocol）商品的分類:1.frozenfood速凍食品2.dairyproducts牛產(chǎn)品3.packagedfoods包裝食品4.cleaningsupplies清潔用品5.personal-caresupplies個人護(hù)理用品7.car-careproducts汽車護(hù)理用品8.yard-careproducts庭院護(hù)理用品1.Convieniencestore便利店2.Grocerystore小賣部3.Supermarket超市4.Drugstore藥店5.Departmentstore商場6.Discountstore打折店7.Factoryoutlets廠家直銷點8.Specialtyshop專賣店9.Shoppingmall/shoppingcenter購物中心1.dish碟子silverware銀器cookingutensils廚具pots壺pans鍋2.Hardwaredepartment:tool工具paint涂料light-fixture燈飾homeimprovementproducts家庭裝修用品sewingmachine縫紉機(jī)washer洗碗機(jī)dryer烘干機(jī)refrigerator冰箱vacuumsweeper吸塵器waterheater熱水器washingmachine洗衣機(jī)aircom