高考完形填空解題技巧講解及練習（含答案）

完形填空解題技巧

文章主題和行文邏輯完型填空文章是一種“主線控制文，邏輯串聯(lián)前后”的文章。因此，掌握了文章主題就像找到了房門的鑰匙，主要內容一目了然。根據(jù)完型填空總分結構的特點，通常來說，主題句在首段首句。所以，首段首句以及段首句是各位考生要了解的重點。那么利用文章主題解題就是要時刻懷揣著主題，看哪個選項符合主題的要求。例如：Itturnsoutthatthepeculiarwayofconductiontheexperimentsmayhaveledto___interpretationsofwhathappened.(2010)[A]disputable[B]enlightening[C]reliable[D]misleading本篇短文第一段、第二段首先介紹“霍桑效應”產生的背景及具體的推導過程。第三段開始提出文章主題，即介紹幾十年后對“霍桑效應”提出的質疑。本句指出對實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行重新研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)。既然文章主題是“質疑”原來的實驗結果，空格處應該填入表示貶義的形容詞，所以排除BC.misleading帶入后表示“原來實驗的特殊方式可能導致對發(fā)生的實驗現(xiàn)象的錯誤性解釋”符合原文主題，所以是正確答案。

上下文和邏輯關系知識運用試題的測試重點已經從過去考查孤立的語言知識點轉向從魚片的角度綜合測試考生對文章的理解能力。因此，這一技巧在解題中顯得尤為重要。例1Infact,insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthem,asexercisedoes,laughterapparentlyaccomplishesthe_____.[A]opposite[B]impossible[C]average[D]expected解析：我們看在這句話是將運動和笑對肌肉的效果進行對比。本句中“insteadof…asexercisedoes”可知，兩者效果相反，所以本題應該填入[A]opposite表示“相反的，截然不同的”。例2AsakidIlovedeverythingaboutschool.Ilovedbooks,___1___,testsandhomework.MostofallIlongedtosomedaymarchdowntheaisle（通道）toreceivemy___2___.Thatseemedmoreappealingeventhangettingmarried.Butat15,Ihadto___3___,becausemyparents___4___affordtuition.Myhopeofgettingadiplomawasdead.1.A.parents B.teachers C.trees D.flowers解析：上文決定下文，由上文中的Iloveschool，決定后文應該填B，teachers。固定搭配固定搭配主要是指動詞與介詞、副詞，名詞、形容詞后接介詞，介詞與名詞構成的搭配。只需要廣大考生在背誦單詞的時候要掌握其?？即钆洹＠?Inasignificanttighteningoflegalcontrolsoverthepress,LordIrvine,theLordChancellor,willintroducea___billthatwillproposemakingpaymenttowitnessesillegal.(2001)A.sketch B.rough C.preliminary D.draft解析：draft常用于法律術語中，draftbill意為草案，法案的意思，是習慣搭配。因此，D為正確答案。由此看見，本題并不難，關鍵在于我們是不是對這個短語了解。所以，需要同學們平時在常用搭配方面多些努力。詞義辨析例1ThetechniqueMooteeusestotreatpeoplewithOCDiscalledcognitive-behavioraltherapy(認知行為療法).“Itisbasedonthegeneralideathatpeoplehavetheabilitytochangethe___45___theythinkandbehave,”saysMootee.45.A.way B.method C.solution D.means解析:考查同義詞的辨析。分析句子結構可知,此空后為一定語從句,此空是先行詞。way作先行詞時,定語從句的引導詞可以省略或用inwhich或者that此處的定語從句中省略了引導詞。再由空格后的behave可知,此處應用way。選A。例2Giventherighttools,wecantrainourbrainstoactlikewhattheydidwhenwewereyounger.Allthat’s___50___isthepracticedesignedjustforthepurpose:afewexercisesforthemind.50.A.required B.inquired C.acquired D.requested解析：考查形近詞辨析。acquire獲得;inquire詢問,打聽;request請求,要求;require需要?！皌hat’s”是定語從句修飾all。根據(jù)句意可知,required合適,意為“所需要，所要求”的就是為了這個目的而設計的練習”。選A。生活常識及文化背景完形填空的語篇信息常交織滲透著各類相關的文化背景知識。有些選項的設置與文化背景有關，這就要求考生有較寬的知識面，同時具備一定的文化意識，特別要有對英語國家文化的敏感性和鑒別力，只有這樣才能既快又準確解題。例1IsaidthatIdidn'tknowhowtogetbackintotown.Insilencehestarteddriving.Iranbacktomycaranddrovebehindhim.FinallyIrecognizedafamiliarstreet.AsIturnedtoheadhome,thecardisappeared.ThenI___mydrivewaywhenthewarninglightformygastankturnedon.A.pulledinto B.droveaway C.ranacrossD.fountout解析：影響這個題目正確作答的關鍵是對空后面的driveway的含義的理解driveay指的是thehardareaorroadbetweeny：ourhouseandthestreet，(美)(從建筑物、車庫等通至道路的)私用車道車道((英)drive)。而中國家庭大多數(shù)是不存在這樣的一個driveway的。本句意思是當郵箱的耗油警示燈亮起的時候，我也到家了，所以選pullinto.正確答案為A例2SalinaJoebeganto__whenshewasone-yearoldA.say B.cry C.sing D.talk解析：根據(jù)常識判斷嬰兒在一歲的時候應該是開始學說話，而不是學哭或學唱歌，故答案只能在A、D之間選出。又因為say是及物動詞，其后面需接賓語，而talk是不及物動詞，其后不需要接賓語，故正確答案為D。當堂練習練習1Itstarted30yearsagowithasquirrel.AfewmonthsafterIhadmovedintoadowntown_1_mynext-doorneighbor,NicoleFigaro,knocked,askingforhelpwithasquirrelthathadgottenintoherfatIfrightenedtheunexpected_2_awayandmadeanewfriend.SoonNicolewasinvitingmeoverfordinneror_3__home-madefoodatmydoor.WhenIwenttomybeachhouse,Nicolehelped__4_mymailandwatermyplants.Andwhenshetraveledasaflightattendant,Ididthesameforher.Wherevershewent,she'd_5_tobringmewonderfulgifts,buthersmilehasbeenthegreatestofall.In1997,IhadalovelychildanditwasNicolewhotookcareofmeandhim.Yearslater,Ireturnedthefavour.Ihelpedoutwhenherhusbandwassick,_6_herandgivinghersupport.,Moreandmore,wedrewinspirationfromeachother._7_,thepandemichit.Myhusbandwasoutofworkandmysoncouldn'tbebacktoBritainbecauseofthevirus.Iwas_8_aboutthem.Nicolehelpedmyfamilytoprepareforthepandemicandsharednecessitieswithme.Withouther,Icouldn'tgothrough9_times.A10mightseparateourflatsandmaskscanseparatetheviruses,butnothingisabletoseparateourhearts.1.A.house B.flat C.street D.area2.A.customer B.host C.guest D.enemy3.A.selling B.making C.posting D.leaving4.A.lookfor B.copydown C.pickup D.holdout 5.A.forget B.keep C.think D.remember 6.A.helpingout B.stayingwith C.smilingat D.dependingon7.A.Especially B.Actually C.Generally D.Unluckily8.A.worried B.mad C.nervous D.serious9.A.exciting B.simple C.difficult D.good10.A.room B.wall C.yard D.garden練習2“LookMom,hepaintslikeme!”Eight-year-oldAlexandraNechitahadjustdiscoveredPabloPicasso’sartworkforthefirsttime.Theartworld1andbegantocallAlexandrathe“Petite(小的)Picasso”.Thistalentedartisthasbeenturningheadsintheartworldeversince.

Evenatagetwo,Alexandra2nearlyallhertimeonhercoloringbooks.3theirdaughterspenttoomuchtimealone,Alexandra’sparentstookhercolouringbooksaway.They4she’dstarttojumpropeorplaywithdolls.Buttakingawayhercolorswasliketakingtheairoutofherlife.Alexandrabegantocoloronpaperhermother5homefromoffice.

WhenAlexandrawasfour,herparentsbegantonoticethefiguresshe6.Theywereabstractand7Picasso’swork,withfoureyesandtwofaces.She8paintingwithwatercoloursandthenwithotherpaints.

Alexandra’sclassmateswouldsometimeslaughatherpaintings.Buther9schoolteachersawtalentinherdrawings.Shehelpedeight-year-oldAlexandraorganiseherfirst10atalocallibrary.

Withinayear,Alexandrahadseveralotherexhibitions.Bythen,shehad11morethan250paintings.HerexhibitionatthefamousMaryPaxonGallerybroughthertotheattentionofnationalartcritics(評論家).Shebeganto12ontelevision,InnewsandtalkshowsaroundAmerica.

Today,Alexandra13paintsinherspecialstyle.Admirershavespentalargeamountofmoneybuyingherpaintings.Butthe14doesn’tseemtohaveaffectedhernegatively(消極地).Throughvariouscharities,Alexandrasharesherwealthwiththose15aroundtheworld.AndasAlexandracontinuestopaint,theworldwillbeblessedtoexperiencemoreofherloveforlifeandart.

1.A.improved B.agreed C.waited D.broke2.A.spent B.forgot C.remembered D.wasted3.A.Afraid B.Sure C.Proud D.Ashamed4.A.promised B.proved C.reported D.hoped5.A.called B.drove C.brought D.sent6.A.drew B.counted C.explained D.met7.A.referredto B.lookedlike C.consistedof D.dependedon8.A.stopped B.started C.suggested D.avoided9.A.medical B.high C.primary D.previous10.A.conference B.system C.party D.exhibition11.A.completed B.used C.copied D.lost12.A.appear B.perform C.shop D.train13.A.directly B.suddenly C.still D.seldom14.A.style B.time C.energy D.money15.A.onholiday B.inpowerC.onduty D.inneed練習3Eachofushasgoals(目標)forlife.Someofthesemaybelong-term(長期的)or

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lifetimeones,andotherdreamsorwishesformoreimmediatesatisfaction.Justasyou

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greatpleasurewhenyou’retryingto

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short-termgoals,there’salsopowerinhavinglong-termandlifetimegoals.Both

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arevaluableandserveeachother.Inordertobe

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inachievingashort-orlong-termwishorgoal,youmustplaceyourfocusonthe

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resultandtrainyourmindoneitheramoment-to-moment,day-to-day,month-to-month,oryear-to-yearlevel.Forexample,

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afarmeristoplow(耕地)astraightline,hemustkeephiseyeonafarawaypoint.Ifhisattentionis

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justafewfeetinfrontofhim,hewillnotplowstraight.So,inorderforhisfieldtobeplowedstraight,hemust

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andfocusonhislong-termgoal.Focusingonalong-termgoalcan

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theenergytogetthingsdoneinthe

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theone-milemark.

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mark.Long-termgoals,

59,can’tbeachievedwithoutfirstachieving

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goals.Wemayhaveagoaltoclimbaladder(梯子),butwehavetotakeonestepatatimeinordertoreachthetop.1.A.even

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