2018年北京東城高三二模英語試題及答案版

北京市東城區(qū)2017—2018學年度第二學期高三綜合練習（二）2018.5英語本試卷共120分?？荚嚂r長100分鐘?？忌鷦毡貙⒋鸢复鹪诖痤}卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。例：It’ssonicetohearfromheragain._____,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsago.A．What’smore B．That’stosayC．Inotherwords D．Believeitornot答案是D。1.—It’sluckyofyoutogetyournewjob!—Afriendtoldmeaboutit,soI_________andgotit.A.apply B.haveapplied C.applied D.wasapplying2.IcanclearlyrememberthefirsttimeImetMs.Lee,_________it’sover10yearsago.A.unless B.since C.after D.although3.TheywillflytoLondon,______theyplantostayfortwoorthreeweeks.A.which B.that C.when D.where4.Dogshaveafarwiderhearingrangethanhumans,_________

themabletodetectsoundsfaraboveahuman’shearinglimit.A.making B.made C.havingmade D.tobemade5.—WhendoyouwanttovisitMr.Smithwithme?—Wheneveryou_________time.A.have B.willhave C.havehad D.had6.Consideredpoisonousformanyyears

in

Europe,tomatoes_________fordecorationonly.A.grow B.aregrown C.grew D.weregrown7.Thesnowstormhaslastedforseveraldays_________itisfreezingcoldnow.A.for B.and C.but D.or8.In

ABriefHistoryofTime,StephenHawkingwrote_________non-technicaltermsabouttheoriginanddevelopmentofthe

\o"Universe"universe.A.from B.by C.in D.with9.Itisalmostimpossibleforplanes_________insuchaheavyfog.A.takeoff B.totakeoff C.tohavetakenoff D.havingtakenoff10.AccordingtothePublicLibrary’sregulations,eachreader_________borrowatmostfivebooksatatime.A.should B.must C.may D.would11.ThebookcoverstheknowledgeIwishI______fiveyearsago.A.knew B.hadknown C.wouldknow D.wouldhaveknown12.Thenewthemepark,______lastyear,hasreceived27millionvisitorssofar.A.open B.opened C.beingopened D.toopen13.Itisgenerallybelieved_________moderntechnologyandmassmediaarehelpingtobreaktraditionalculturalboundaries.A.that B.if C.why D.how14.Jimstartedtoplaytheguitarattheageof12whenhisunclegave_________tohimasapresent.A.this B.one C.it D.that15.Theabilitytomakeandusetoolsisoneofthemostbasiccharacteristicsof_________itmeanstobehuman.A.whether B.how C.what D.when第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。KateMeyerandAdamJankowskihadjustreturnedtotheU.S.afterhoneymooninginAfricaandwerewaitingouta10-hourconnectingtimeatWashington-DullesbeforetheychangedtheplanetotheirhomeinSouthCarolina.Ithadbeenadream16.Alongwiththeirmemories,theyalsobroughtbackabeautiful,one-of-a-kind17ofthreeAfricanwilddogscreatedbyalocalartisttheyhadmetatVictoriaFalls.Forsafekeeping,theyrolledtheartworkinatubeandhand-carrieditontheir18.UponarrivingatDulles19a28-hourjourney,KateandAdamfreshenedupandbeganlookingforwaysto20themselvesduringtheirlongconnectingtime.Oneoftheairportcustomerservicerepresentatives21thattheyshouldgointoWashington,D.C.,andvisittheNationalAirandSpaceMuseum,anideatowhichtheyreadily22.Afterspendingafewhoursatthe23,theygotonacitybusandreturnedtotheairportbeforeboardingtime.ItwasthenKatenoticedthatAdamwasn’t24thetubewiththepainting.Beforetheygotoff,sheaskedAdamwherethepaintingwas,andatthatmoment,shewatchedhisheart25.ThelasttimeAdamhadseenitwaswhenheleaneditagainstthechargingstationintheterminalwhentheyfirstarrived.Tryingnotto26,KatecheckedwiththeairportLostandFound,andAdamranbackto27he’dlasthadthepainting,butitwas28.Runningshortonoptionsand29,theygrewmoreupset.Finallytheywenttotheairportcustomerservicecounter,wheretheymetBellaBeyene-Seboka.Whathappenednext30KateandAdamsomuch.Positiveand31,Bellasaidshewasn’twillingtogiveupandwoulddoeverythingshecouldtofindthepainting.Bellaknewthatmanytimesmisplaceditemsgetturnedinatgatepodiums（登機口檢票臺）.Thethreeofthem32thegatepodiums.Thefirstpodiumturnedupempty,butatthesecondone,theyfoundthetubewiththepainting,safeandsound.Theywereallso33.Thecouplewereintears,huggingBellaandthankingher.Bellasaidshe34lovedknowingshe’dhelpedpeople,andthatwaswhyshedidn’tgiveup.ThepaintingnowhangsinKateandAdam’shomeasadailyreminderofnotonlyanunbelievabletrip,butoftheunbelievable35showntothemthatdaybyBella.16.A.plan B.trip C.gift D.job17.A.painting B.article C.photo D.card18.A.luggage B.flight C.seat D.holiday19.A.during B.by C.for D.after20.A.entertain B.adapt C.prepare D.control21.A.recommended B.commanded C.announced D.arranged22.A.attended B.replied C.agreed D.turned23.A.center B.museum C.station D.airport24.A.using B.seeing C.pulling D.carrying25.A.beat B.swell C.hurt D.drop26.A.panic B.waste C.fail D.suffer27.A.when B.where C.how D.what28.A.tireless B.endless C.fruitless D.aimless29.A.money B.time C.energy D.effort30.A.pushed B.concerned C.rewarded D.touched31.A.talented B.honest C.independent D.determined32.A.observed B.checked C.discovered D.circled33.A.interested B.hopeful C.delighted D.proud34.A.just B.nearly C.even D.almost35.A.courage B.imagination C.kindness D.modesty第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AAreyouconcernedaboutthattreeinthefrontyard?Havetreebranchesbeenfallingoffthatevergreentreeoverthegarage?OrmaybeyoujustneedtreeremovalorsomeregulartreepruningtoletthatrarePortlandsunshineshinein?UrbanForestProinPortlandisafull-servicetreecarecompanyprovidingthePortlandareawithtreeservices.Ifyouhaveaproblem,anyproblem,thatinvolvestrees,ourtreeserviceandremovalexpertscanhelpyousolveit.Belowareourmostpopulartreeservices.TreePruning

-Ourarborists（樹藝師）aretrainedtorecognizetheuniqueneedsofyourtrees,takingintoaccountfactorssuchasthetree’sage,health&priorpruning.Doingtreepruning,weselectivelyremovecertainpartsofatreeaccordingtothegoalsofourcustomerssuchasroofprotection,increasedsunlight,viewclearance,andprivacyprotection.Ourarboristscaninmostcasescomeupwithapruningmethodthatisbothbeneficialforthetree’shealthandlongevityandmeetstheneedsofourcustomers.TreeRemoval

-Ourarboristsusethelatesttechniquesandskillstoassurethesafetyofyourhome,roof,andnearbystructurestomakesureyourtreeremovalisdonesuccessfully.Alltreedebris（殘?。﹊sropeddownandkeptunderourcontrolatalltimestoensureyourtreeremovalissafe.TreeAssessment

-Atreeassessmentprovidescustomers,forasmallfee,withaverbalexplanationoftheconditionoftheirtrees.Inaddition,thearboristmaydescribeanyDIYoptionsyoumighthavetocorrectorimprovetheproblem.Itisalsoofvalueforcustomerswhocannotaffordtohavetreeservicesdoneatthistimebutonlywanttomakeabudgetnow.TreePlanting

-Wehavealargeselectionofaffordablehighqualitytreesthatarehandpickedbyourarborists,orourcustomerscanalsopurchasetheirowntreesandhavethemplantedunderthebestconditionsbyaknowledgeableprofessionalfromourcompany.Ourarboristscanalsousetheirextensiveknowledgeoftreestomakerecommendationsastowhichtreeswouldworkbestinyouryard.Formoreinformation,pleasecheckoutourblog!36.UrbanForestProinPortland_________________.A.providesfreetrainingontreeprotectionB.takescareoftreesinpublicareasC.offerstreeservicestocustomersD.focusesontreesales37.Whatwillanarboristdointheprocessoftreepruning?A.Selectthehealthiesttrees.B.Movethetreetoanewplace.C.Cutoffunnecessarybranches.D.Clearleavesawayfromtheroof.38.Customerswhoareshortofmoneymayreceivetheserviceof__________.A.TreePruningB.TreeRemovalC.TreePlantingD.TreeAssessmentBFivedaysaweek,28-year-oldEbonySmitharrivesatChangingGearsBikeShopat10:50a.m.,tenminutesbeforeopening.Walkingintotheshop,sheturnsonthelights,openstheregister,andreviewstherepairorders.Forthenextseveralhoursshewillrepairbikeswithprofessionalskillandcare,andguidecustomersthroughbikechoiceslikeanexperiencedrider,learningabouttheirneedsandpreferences,andhelpingthemtofindtheperfectfit.

AlthoughSmithhadalmostnoexperienceridingabikeanddidn’tevenenjoyridingonewhenshefirstcametoChangingGears,shehasstayedinthepositionfornearlyadecadenow,andhercustomersarethankfultoherheartfeltassistance.What’smore,manyoftheshopvisitorsareyouthfromfamilieslivinginlow-incomehousingnamedAlamedaPoint.Smithlivedinthisneighborhoodthroughoutherchildhood,andtotheseyoungstersandfamiliessheisapositiverolemodel—someonedeterminedtosucceedinspiteofeducationalandfinancialstruggles.

WhenshefirstbeganatChangingGearsat19yearsold,Smithwaslivingwithherparents,whostruggledtomakealiving.Shehadfailedtoearnahighschooldiplomawhenshedidn’tpassCalifornia’shighschoolexitexam.However,whenathree-monthjobtrainingpositionopenedatthebikeshopin2008,Smithtookachanceto,asshesays,“turnherlifearound.”Shesignedupandwasquicklyhired.

SmithisjustoneofthethousandsofChangingGears’employeesaroundtheworld,andhercontinuedsuccessatChangingGearsembodiestheshop’sdutyto“operateabicycle-basedsocialenterprisethatmeetstheneedsoftheunderprivilegedofourlocalarea.”Inaddition,theshophasastrongenvironmentalfocus,whichincludesbicyclereuseandrecycling.ThroughouttheyearsChangingGearshasalsoengagedyouthandfamiliesinbicyclefieldtripsandprovidedfreebicycleparkingandrepairserviceatlocalfarmers’marketsinordertoencouragebikeridingasapracticalandgreenformoftransportation.

Throughitsblending（協(xié)調）ofeffectivesmallbusinesspracticeswithasocialandenvironmentalmission,ChangingGearsstaysinspiredtousebicyclesasavehicleforsocialchange.

39.WhatcanwelearnaboutEbonySmith?A.Sheisabikeshopowner.B.Sheisaprofessionalrider.C.Shehasagoodknowledgeofbikes.D.Shehasalotofshoppingexperience.40.WhathelpedEbonySmithgetintothecareer?A.Familysupport.B.Personalinterest.C.Trainingopportunity.D.Highschooleducation.41.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“embodies”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Beanexampleof.B.Bethereasonfor.C.Besimilarto.D.Bemodeledafter.42.WhichofthefollowingisChangingGears’duty?A.Makingbikedonations.B.Offeringhelptothepoorpeople.C.Improvingbike-ridingtechniques.D.Drawingpeople’sattentiontobikeenterprises.C“WhenIgrowup,Iwanttobearunner.”ThesewordsarespokenbythousandsofKenyanchildren.50percentoftheKenyantoprunnersaremembersofKalenjin,oneminorityraceofthecountry.TheymakeuplessthantwopercentofKenya’spopulation.Thisfacthaspuzzledsportsscientists.Theyhavespentconsiderabletimeandefforttryingtoansweronequestion:WhatenablestheKalenjinpeopletorunsofast?Althoughthequestionseemssimple,?ndingtheanswerhasproventobedifficultandcontroversial.AteamofDanishsportsscientistsspent18monthsanddiscoveredtheKalenjinshadremarkablyslowheartratesevenwhenrunninglongdistances.Kalenjinsliveinhigh-elevation（高海拔）villagesintheRiftValleyinwesternKenya.Peoplelivingathighelevationsproducemoreredbloodcells,whichaidinthetransportofoxygenthroughoutthebody.Becausetheairisthinnerandcontainslessoxygenathighelevations,thebodyproducesmoreredbloodcells.Scientistsbelievethereisaconnectionbetweenincreasedredbloodcellsandlowheartratesandthatbothmayenablehigh-altitudeathletestooutperformthosewhotrainatlowaltitudes.TheDanishscientistsalsostudiedthebodiesoftheKalenjinsandcomparedthemtothoseoftheDanes.TheyfoundthattheKalenjinshavelonger“birdlike”legs.TheKalenjinsalsohavelowerbodymassindexes(ameasureofbodyfatbasedonweightandheight)andshorterbodiesthanDanishpeople.AsaresultoftheDanishstudy,somescientistsmadetheconclusionthattheKalenjinspossesswhatiscalleda“speedgene（基因）.”However,Kenyanrunnerswereoffendedbythisconclusion.Theycreditedtheirsuccesstohardworkandendlesshoursoftraining.Althoughthecontroversyoverthe“speedgene”remainsunsolved,BritishrunnerMoFarah’sexperienceoffersaninterestingperspectiveonthesubject.In2005,herealizedhewasn’tmeetinghispotentialasarunner.AgroupofKenyanrunnersweretraininginEnglandthen.AfterheaccidentallyobservedtheKenyans’stricttrainingroutinesanddedicationtotheirsport,Farahsaiditwaslikeaswitchhadbeenturnedoninhishead.Hebeganeatinghealthyfoods,goingtobedearly,andtrainingharderthanhehadevertrainedinhislife.Asaresult,Farah’srunningcareerexploded.HehaswonsevenworldandOlympictitlesinthe5000mandregularlybeatsKenya’stoprunners!Farah’sstoryproveswhatKenyanshaveknownallalong.Regardlessofgenetics,theirsuccesswouldnotbepossiblewithouthardwork,dedication,sacri?ce,andmentaltoughness.Their“secret”issimple.Trainhard,runfast,andnevergiveup.43.Whatinterestedthesportscientists?A.Kenyansporthistory.B.Kanlenjins’runningability.C.Kanlenjins’trainingmethods.D.Kenyans’enthusiasmforsport.44.AccordingtoDanishscientists,whatleadstoKanlenjins’success?A.Physicalcondition.B.Livingstyle.C.Hardtraining.D.Strongwill.45.HowdidKenyanrunnersthinkaboutDanishresearchresult?A.Convincing. B.Unacceptable. C.Astonishing. D.Important.46.WhyisMoFarah’sstorymentionedinthepassage?A.Toshowrunningmethodscount.B.ToencourageBritishathletes.C.Toproveeffortpaysoff.D.Tosupportgenetheory.DEarthisexperiencingitssixthmassextinction:somewherebetween30and159species（物種）disappeareveryday,andmorethan300typesofanimalshavediedoutsince1500.Thisisnotgoodforthefutureoflifeonourplanet,butwhatifwecouldmakesomeoftheextinctspeciescomebacktolife?ThankstoongoingadvancesinDNArecoveryandcloningtechnology,de-extinctionmaysoonberealized,andwemayseeTasmanianTigers,orDodoBirdsbackintoexistenceinthenearfuture.Somescientistsareconfidentandoptimisticaboutde-extinction.Theythinkthatthebestreasonsforde-extinctionhavemoretodowithecologythantourism.“Ifthisisalwaysgoingtobeazooanimal,thenstop,”saysBenNovak,theleadresearcheratRevive&Restore—afoundationdevotedtorescuingendangeredandextinctspeciesinSanFrancisco,California.“Thegoalshavetobeaboutecologicalrestorationandfunction.”Takepassengerpigeonsforexample.Theirnumbersreachednearly5billionatthestartofthe19thcentury,andtheyplayedanimportantroleinshapingtheforeststheyinhabited（居住）.Aftertheirextinction,theforestshaveneverbeenthesame.“Thepassengerpigeonisaveryimportantecologicalspeciesifwewanttheiroriginalhabitatback.”Novaksays.However,weneedtothinktwiceaboutNovak’sidea.Anynewscientificinitiativeisboundtohaverisks,soisde-extinction.Althoughsomeassumethatde-extinctionmayhelptheenvironment,wecan’tbesosure.Thede-extinctanimalswouldnowbestrangerstotheirhabitats.Asthehabitatisnolongerwhatitwas,thespeciesrolewithintheecosystemmayhavealsochanged.Thiscouldbeactuallyathreattotheotherspecieswithintheenvironmentasthede-extinctanimalsentertheareaandcompeteforfoodsources.Onceagainwe’retryingtoforcenaturetoactinacertainway,ratherthanlettingitremainnatural.Manyscientistsalsobelievethatpriorities（優(yōu)先權）wouldchangewithintheconservationofcurrentlyendangeredspecies.Wouldwestillputintheefforttopreservelivinganimalsifweknewwecouldjustmagicallybringthembackfromthedead?DouglasMcCauley,anecologistatUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,stressesthisworry.“Honestly,thethingthatscaresmemostisthatthepublicabsorbsthemisimpressionthatextinctionisnolongerscary.Thegeneralattitudebecomes:Deforest,noworry,wecanreforest.Ifwedrivesomethingextinct,noworry,wecande-extinctit.”saidMcCauley.Itseemsthatwiththesubjectofde-extinction,wemustlookatourreasonsfordoingsuchathing.Yes,wemay,inthenearfuture,beabletode-extincttheextinctspecies.Butdoesthatmeanweshould?Aretherisksreallyworthit?Doesitmakesensetofocusonthedeadthantheliving?Andwhoarewetrulybenefitingintheend?47.BenNovakprobablyagreesthat___________.A.thevalueofde-extinctionliesintourismB.de-extinctanimalsareunfittoliveinthezooC.de-extinctionresultsfromthechangeofecosystemD.de-extinctionaimstobringbackformerenvironment48.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph5?A.People’simpressionsonlostspecies.B.Changeofpublicattitudetowardsde-extinction.C.Importanceoftheconservationoflivinganimals.D.Effectsofde-extinctionontheprotectionofendangeredspecies.49.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardde-extinction?A.Optimistic. B.Doubtful. C.Neutral. D.Supportive.50.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?I:IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要點)C:Conclusion第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Itissometimesthoughtthatthelongingformaterialgoods,theneedtobuythings,isarelativelymoderninvention.51Tradeorshoppingiscertainlyanancientdesire,andexistedbeforeourancestorsinventedwriting,laws,citiesorfarming,evenbeforetheyusedmetaltomaketools.Humansareborntotrade.52Evidencefromhunter-gathererssuggeststhattheexchangeoffoodandothernecessarythingscomesnaturally,aswellastheabilitytokeeparecordofthecreditsinvolved.Andoncetradebegins,thebenefitsarehardtoresist.AncientlocalcoastalpeopleinnorthernAustraliatradedfishhooks,alongachainoftradingpartners,withpeopleliving400milesinland,whocutandpolishedlocalstonetomakeaxes（斧子）.53Finally,bothgroupsof“producers”,byconcentratingonthingstheycouldproduceandexchangingthemforotherthingstheyneeded,benefitedasaresult.Tradeinthenecessitiesoflife,suchasfoodandsimpletools,isnotreallysurprising,consideringthelinkbetweenthesebasicitemsandsurvival.Whatissurprising,though,isthatourtasteforunnecessaryexpensiveobjectsalsogoesbackalongway.InSouthAfrica,100,000-year-olddecorativedyes（染料）havebeenfoundinanareawherenonewereproduced.54Smallroundpiecesofglass76,000yearsoldwerealsofoundatthesameplace.Theearliestjewelleryknowntouswerenotjustrandomfindings—theyweregroupedtogetherinsizeandhadholeslikethoseusedforthreadingontoanecklace.Archaeologistsarguethattradepreparedthewayforthecomplexsocietiesinwhichwelivetoday.55However,theirmodernequivalents—fastcarsandexpensiveclothes—holdthesameattractionforusas“tradegoods”didforpeople100,000yearsago.A.Andwedon’tneedshopsormoneytodoit.B.Thesearepowerfulevidenceforcashpurchase.C.Infact,itsrootsgobacktothebeginningofhumanity.D.However,firsttradebeganfromtheexchangeofobjects.E.Modern-dayshoppersmaynotbeimpressedbyancientglasspieces.F.Itisthoughtthatthesegoodswereboughtatleast30kilometresaway.G.Everyindividualalongthechainmadeaprofit,evenifheproducedneitherhimself.第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，35分）第一節(jié)（15分）你的英國朋友Jim來信邀請你高考后去英國度假。請你給他回信，內容包括：1、表示感謝；2、對邀請做出回復；3、說明做出該回復的理由。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于50。 2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,Yours,LiHua（請務必將作文寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內）第二節(jié)（20分）假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華。請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇英文日記，記錄你陪美國朋友Mike游覽頤和園的全過程。注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。May1st,TuesdayFine（請務必將作文寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內）東城區(qū)2017—2018學年度第二學期高三綜合練習（二）英語參考答案第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．A6．D 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．C11．B 12．B 13．A 14．B 15．C第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）16.B 17.A 18.B 19.D 20.A21．A 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．D26．A 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．D31．D 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．C第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）36．C 37．C 38．D 39．C 40．C41．A 42．B 43．B 44．A 45．B46．C 47．D 48．D 49．B 50．A第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）51．C 52．A 53．G 54．F 55．E第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，35分）第一節(jié)（15分）一、評分原則：1．本題總分為15分，按4個檔次給分。2．評分時，先根據(jù)文章的內容和語言質量初步確定其檔次，然后以該檔次的要求來衡量，確定或調整檔次，最后給分。3．評分時應考慮：內容是否充實，交際是否得體，語言是否準確。4．拼寫、標點符號或書寫影響內容表達時，應視其影響程度予以考慮。英、美拼寫及詞匯用法均可接受。5．詞數(shù)少于50，從總分中減去1分。二、各檔次的給分范圍和要求：第一檔（13分～15分）完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務?！热萃暾?，條理清楚；·交際得體，表達時充分考慮到了交際的需求；體現(xiàn)出較強的語言運用能力。完全達到了預期的寫作目的。第二檔（9分～12分）基本完成了試題規(guī)定的任務?！热?、條理和交際等方面基本符合要求；·所用語法和詞匯滿足了任務的要求；·語法或用詞方面有一些錯誤，但不影響理解?；具_到了預期的寫作目的。第三檔（4分～8分）未恰當完成試題規(guī)定的任務?！热莶煌暾弧に迷~匯有限，語法或用詞方面的