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英語句子的種類簡單句(Thesimplesentence)并列句(Thecompoundsentence)復合句(Thecomplexsentence)2023/1/111.1.Youareright.(`99)2.Theplaygroundisnowinfrontoftheschool.(`99)5.60%ofthestudentsareagainsttheideaofentrancefees.(`02)4.Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.(`02)3.Itwas7:15onthemorningofFebruary8,2000.(`00)英語基本句型-1主系表句型與高考書面表達2023/1/112.主系表結(jié)構(gòu)

本結(jié)構(gòu)是由主語+系動詞+表語組成,主要用以說明主語的特征,類屬,狀態(tài),身份等。系動詞有:1.表示特征和存在狀態(tài)的be,seem,feel,appear,look,smell,taste,sound;2.表示狀態(tài)延續(xù)的remain,stay,keep,continue,stand;3.表示狀態(tài)變化的become,get,turn,go,run,fall,come,grow;

2023/1/113.OurEnglishteacheristhirtyyearsold.Thecaketastesdelicious.

Wefeelusedtolivinginbigcities.Thepotatoeswentbadinthefields.Theirbossseemssatisfiedwiththework.

Deepwaterstaysstill.2023/1/114.鞏固練習:1.冬季白天短,夜晚長2.十五歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家了。3.孩子們很少保持安靜。4.她的工作是在幼兒園里照看兒童。Inwinter,thedaysareshortandthenightsarelong.Attheageoffifteen,hebecameafamouspianist.Childrenseldomkeepquiet.

Herjobistolookafterthechildreninthenursery.2023/1/115.5.他失業(yè)了。6.樹葉已經(jīng)變黃了7.這個報告聽起來很有意思Heisoutofwork.Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.Thereportsoundsinteresting2023/1/116.1.AsinChina,theweatherisdifferentfromareatoarea.主系表句型的幾個特例:2.Wearegreatlysurprisedtomeethimthere.3.Itisnotagoodideatospendyourvacationwithstrangers.4.Itiskindofyoutosayso.5.Itisnoteasyforthemtogotherebybike.6.IsitTomwhoisplayingthepiano?7.Itisafactthattheycan’tpasstheexam.2023/1/117.英語基本句型-2

主謂結(jié)構(gòu)與高考書面表達

2.Quiteafewchangeshavetakenplace.(`99)4.What’smore,Icangotobedearlier.(`01)3.Thecardidn'tstopbutdroveoffatgreatspeedheadingwest.(`00)1.Hefellwithacry.(`00)2023/1/118.主謂結(jié)構(gòu)

本結(jié)構(gòu)是由主語加不及物的謂語動詞構(gòu)成,常用來表示主語的動作。如:Thesunrises.Tomhasalreadyleft.主語可有修飾語-定語,謂語可有修飾語-狀語。如:

1.Theredsunrisesintheeast.2.Sotheyhadtotravelbyairorboat.3.Wegotupearlysoastocatchthefirstbus.4.Shesatthere

alone,readinganovel.5.Hecamebackwhenwewereeating.6.Weak

buildingswillfalldowninanearthquake,butstrongonesmaystayup.2023/1/119.鞏固練習:1.她昨天回家很晚。2.會議將持續(xù)兩個小時。3.在過去的十年里,我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大變化。4.1919年,在北京爆發(fā)了“五.四”運動。5.每天八時開始上課。6.這個重五公斤。7.五年前我住在北京。8.秋天有些鳥飛到南方去。9.我的爺爺早晨起得很早。10.每天下午有許多學生到圖書館來借書。2023/1/1110.1.Shewenthomeverylateyesterdayevening.2.Themeetingwilllasttwohours.3.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.4.TheMayFourthMovementbrokeoutinBeijingin1919.5.Classesbeginateighteveryday.2023/1/1111.9.Mygrandfathergetsupearlyinthemorning.

10.Everyafternoonalotofstudentscometothelibrarytoborrowbooks.8.Inautumn,somebirdsflytothesouth.7.IlivedinBeijingfiveyearsago.6.Thisboxweighsfivekilos.

2023/1/1112.Translatethefollowingsentences:11.會議有可能開兩個半小時.

Themeetingwilllasttwoandahalfhours.12.我所就讀的學校坐落在那個美麗的湖邊.

TheschoolwhereIstudyliesbythebeautifullake.13.她盼望已久的機會終于到來了.

Thechancewhichshewantedtogetforalongtimecameatlast.14他把書放在書包里,而書包卻找不到了.

Heputthebooksintheschoolbag,buttheschoolbagdisappeared.15.正在睡覺的嬰兒笑了.Thesleepingbabysmiles.2023/1/1113.16.Barkingdogsseldombite.

愛叫的狗不咬人.Awillinghelperdoesn’twaituntilheisasked.

樂于助人者總是主動助人.18.雖然在下大雨,但火車還是準時到達.

Thetrainarrivedontimethoughitrainedhard.19.他通過乞討為生.

Helivesbybegging.20.這里有些動物已經(jīng)滅絕了.

Someanimalsherehavediedout.21.可憐的TOM穿得破破爛爛.

ThepoorTomdressedpoorly.2023/1/1114.22.這個病人不可不吃東西,但要吃不含糖的東西.

Thesickmanmustnotgowithoutfood,buthemusthaveadietwithoutsugar.23.我的腿還在疼.Mylegstillhurts.24.火已經(jīng)熄滅了.

Thefirehasgoneout.25.最后他們贏了.

Theywonintheend.26.1937年爆發(fā)了抗日戰(zhàn)爭.

TheAnti-Japanesebrokeoutin1937.27.她不再哭了.Shedidn’tcryanymore.2023/1/1115.28.他一直走到山邊.

Hewalkedasfarasthehillside.這支筆很好寫。

Thepenwritessmoothly.30.這些蘋果很好賣.

Theseapplessellwell.31.水果不易保鮮.

Fruitscan’tkeepwell.32.這種布很易洗.

Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.33.她高興地跳起來了.Hejumpedwithjoy.2023/1/1116.34.你做得很好。

Youaredoingwell/fine.35.表壞了。

Theclockdoesn’tworknow.36.用石頭建成的房子比用木頭建的房子更耐用一些.

Ahousebuiltofstoneslastslongerthanthatbuiltofwood.37.李教授,很多學生想見你.是讓他們在這里等還是在外面?等?

ProfessorLi,manystudentswanttoseeyou.Shalltheywaithereoroutside?38.她疼得哭了起來.

Shecriedwithpain.2023/1/1117.45.汽車的價格會下降的.Thepriceofthecarwillgodown/fall.46.這本雜志什么時候會出版?Whenwillthemagazinecomeout?47.這個工程什么時候開工?Whenwilltheprojectstart?48.他為什么哭了?Whydidhecry?49.這個事情怎么發(fā)生的?Howdidithappen?50.除了你,還有三個人贏了。Besidesyou,threeotherpeoplealsowon.2023/1/1118.英語基本句型-3

主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)與高考書面表達

1.NowIhavemorefreetime.(`01)

3.IntheeveningsIcanwatchnewsonTVorreadingnewspapers.(`01)4.AbouttwominuteslaterIstoppedapassingcar(`00)

5.Wehavealsoplantedalotoftreesinandaroundtheschool.(`99)2023/1/1119.主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)

本結(jié)構(gòu)是由主語+及物的謂語動詞+賓語構(gòu)成。賓語成分的多樣化使得這一結(jié)構(gòu)異常復雜。如:1.Tommadeaholeinthewall.2.Idon’tknowifhecancometomorrow.3.Theyhaven’tdecidedwheretogonext.4.ShestoppedteachingEnglishtwoyearsago.5.Ittookthemtenyearstobuildthedam.7.Motherpromisestogivemeapresent.2023/1/1120.鞏固練習:1.昨晚我寫了一封信。2.今天下午我想同你談談。3.這本書他讀過多次了。4.他們成功地完成了計劃。5.那位先生能流利地說三種語言。6.我收到了筆友從澳大利亞寄來的信。7.Jim還不會自己穿衣服。8.我們大家都相信Jack是一個誠實男孩。9.他不知道說什麼好。10.我開窗戶你在意嗎?2023/1/1121.1.Iwrotealetterlastnight.2.Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.

3.Hehasreadthisbookmanytimes.4.Theyhavecarriedouttheplansuccessfully.

5.Thatgentlemancanspeakthreelanguagesfluently.2023/1/1122.6.IreceivedaletterfrommypenfriendinAustralia.7.Jimcannotdresshimself.8.AllofusbelievethatJackisanhonestboy.9.Hedidnotknowwhattosay.

10.Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?2023/1/1123.英語基本句型4雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)

說明:此結(jié)構(gòu)由“主語+及物謂語動詞+間接賓語(人)+直接賓語(事物)”組成。如:Hebringsmecookieseveryday.但若要先說出直接賓語(事物),后說間接賓語(人),則要借助于介詞to或for。如:Hebringscookiestomeeveryday.Shemadeabeautifuldressforme.用to側(cè)重指動作的方向,表示朝著,向著,對著某人。用for側(cè)重指動作的受益者,表示為了某人,替某人。常跟雙賓語的動詞有:(需借助to的)bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask等;(需借助for的)buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing,save,spare等。2023/1/1124.鞏固練習:1.Johnson先生去年教我們德語。2.奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個有趣的故事。3.請把那本字典遞給我好嗎?4.他把車票給列車員看。5.我替你叫輛出租汽車好嗎?6.新式機器將會為你節(jié)省許多勞動。7.他用他的第一個月工資給他媽媽買了一件毛衣。2023/1/1125.1.MrJohnsontaughtusGermanlastyear.2.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.

3.Wouldyoupleasepassmethedictionary?

4.Heshowedthetickettotheconductor.5.ShallIcallyouataxi?

6.Thenewmachinewillsaveyoualotoflabour.7.Heboughtanewcoatforhismotherwithhisfirstmonth’ssalary.2023/1/1126.英語基本句型5復合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)說明:此結(jié)構(gòu)由“主語+及物的謂語動詞+賓語+賓語補足語”構(gòu)成。賓語與賓語補足語之間有邏輯上的主謂關系或主表關系,若無賓語補足語,則句意不夠完整??梢杂米鲑e補的有:名詞,形容詞,副詞,介詞短語,動詞不定式,分詞等。如:Thesunkeepsuswarm.

Iheardhimsinging.Youmustgetyourhaircut.

TheymadeTommonitor.Heusedtodohishomeworkwithhisradioon.用it做形式賓語,而將真正的賓語放到賓語補足語的后面,以使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,是英語常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)方式。即:主語+謂語+it+賓補+真正賓語。如:Ifounditverypleasanttobewithyourfamily.2023/1/1127.鞏固練習:1.我們叫她Alice.2.我們大家都認為他是誠實的。

3.他們把小偷釋放了。4.我要你把真相告訴我。5.衛(wèi)兵命令我們立即離開。6.每天早晨我們都聽到他大聲朗讀英語。

7.他每個月理一次發(fā)8.我們不會讓她在晚上外出的。WecallherAlice.

Allofusconsideredhimhonest.Theyhavesetthethieffree.

Iwantyoutotellmethetruth.

Theguardsorderedustoleaveatonce.

EverymorningwehearhimreadEnglishaloud.

Wewon’tlethergooutatnight.

Wewon’tlethergooutatnight.

2023/1/1128.9.那可怕的聲音把孩子們嚇壞了10.她正在聽人家講故事。11.我從來沒看見這個字這樣用過。12.他感到很難跟你交談。

13.我認為有可能用另一種方法解題。14.學校定了一條規(guī)則,開始上課時學生要起立。

Theterriblesoundmadethechildrenfrightened.

Sheislisteningtosomeonetellingstories.

Ihaveneverseenthewordusedthatwaybefore.

Hefeltitverydifficulttotalkwithyou.

Iconsideritpossibletoworkouttheprobleminanotherway.

Theschoolmadeitarulethatthestudentsshouldstandupwhenclassbegins.

2023/1/1129.英語基本句型6Therebe句型

說明:此句型是由“there+be+主語+狀語”構(gòu)成,用以表達存在關系可以稱“……有……”。它其實是倒裝的一種情況,主語位于謂語動詞be之后,there僅為引導詞,并無實際語意。此句型有時不用be動詞,而用live,stand,come,go,lie,remain,exist,arrive等。如:Therestandsahillinthemiddleofthepark.Onceuponatimetherelivedanoldkinginthetown.2023/1/1130.Be與其后的主語在人稱和數(shù)量上一致,有時態(tài)和情態(tài)變化。如:現(xiàn)在有thereis/are…過去有therewas/were…將來有therewillbe…;thereis/aregoingtobe...現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有therehas/havebeen…可能有theremightbe...肯定有theremustbe…/theremusthavebeen...過去曾經(jīng)有thereusedtobe…似乎有thereseems/seem/seemedtobe…碰巧有therehappen/happens/happenedtobe…2023/1/1131.鞏固練習:2.這個村子過去只有一口井。4.客人當中有兩名美國人和兩名法國人。5.天氣預報說下午有大風。6.燈亮著,辦公室里肯定有人。7.戰(zhàn)前這兒一直有家電影院的.8.恰好那時房里沒人。9.從前,在海邊的一個村子里住著一位老漁夫。10.公共汽車來了。11.就只剩下二十八美元了。13.鈴響了。2023/1/1132.Therewasonlyawellinthevillage.AmongthegueststhereweretwoAmericansandtwoFrenchmen.Theweathermansaysthere’llbeastrongwindintheafternoon.Thelightison.Theremustbesomeoneintheoffice.Thereusedtobeacinemaherebeforethewar.Therehappenedtobenobodyintheroom.Once,therelivedanoldfishermaninavillagebythesea.Therecomesthebus.Thereremainedonlytwenty–eightdollars.Theregoesthebell.2023/1/1133.

1.IturnedontheTV.Iwatchedit.

2.Iboughtmysisterapresent.Shedidn’tlikeit.

并列句并列句IturnedontheTVand

watchedit.Iboughtmysisterapresent,butshedidn’tlikeit.2023/1/1134.閱讀下列各組句子,填入適當?shù)牟⒘羞B詞.1.Shetriedhard,____shewasunsuccessful.2.Putonmoreclothes,___youmaycatchcold.butor2023/1/1135.4.Intheolddays,hecould_____read___write.5.Howgreatheis!Hecan___readFrench____speakitwell.6.Heknewnothingabouttheman,___hedidn’ttrusthim.neithernorbothandso2023/1/1136.請用合適的并列連詞把每組句子合并為一個并列句。1.Hewastired.Hewenttobed.2.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt.Hewasafraidofthedog.Hewastired,sohewenttobed.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt,forhewasafraidofthedog.2023/1/1137.3.Hemadeapromise.Hedidn’tkeepit.Hemadeapromise,buthedidn’tkeepit.4.Maryisopeningthedoor.Johnisgreetingherguests.Maryisopeningthedoor,andJohnisgreetingherguests.2023/1/1138.請用括號中所給的詞把每組句子連接為一個復合句。Istillremembertheday.IfirstcametoBeijingonthatday.(when)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.2023/1/1139.

技巧1.使用較高級的詞匯3.使用恰當?shù)倪B接詞詞匯反映你知識貯存量的多少,也是衡量英語水平的一個重要標志。運用得當?shù)木渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)可以給文章增色不少,從而使整篇文章因此而生輝。使用恰當連接詞,對寫一篇有“英語味”的文章很重要,能使文章上下銜接自然、緊湊。增強書面表達效果的技巧2.使用較豐富的句式2023/1/1140.1.Becausetheweatherwasgood,ourjourneywascomfortable.2.Weallthinkheisagreatman.3.SuddenlyIthoughtoutagoodidea.4.Thestudentsthereneedn’tpayfortheirbooks.

5.Asaresulttheplanwasafailure.Theplanturnedouttobeafailure.Thankstothegoodweather,

ourjourneywascomfortable.一、怎樣使用較高級的詞匯Weallthinkhighlyofhim.Agoodideaoccurredtome./Agoodideasuddenlystruckme.Booksarefreeforthestudentsthere.2023/1/1141.6.Whensheheardhehaddied,shewentpalewithsorrow.7.ShewenttoAustriainordertostudymusic.8.Whenhespoke,hefeltmoreandmoreexcited.9.Inourschool,therearetwenty-sixclassrooms.10.Youcanfindmyhouseeasily.ShewenttoAustria

forthepurposeofstudyingmusic.Atthenewsofhisdeath,

shewentpalewithsorrow.Themorehespoke,themoreexcitedhefelt.Ourschoolismadeupoftwenty–sixclassrooms.You’llhavenotroublefindingmyhouse.

2023/1/1142.豐富的句式:(常用到的句型結(jié)構(gòu))利用不同的句型來表達同一個意思,能增加文章的文采。1.感嘆句e.g.

HowhappyIwaswhenIreceivedyourletter!

Whatakindboyheis!

Howdisappointedhewas!2.強調(diào)句e.g.Itwasthisyoungboythat

helpedtheoldgranny.Idohopeyoucancomeifpossible.2023/1/1143.3、

倒裝句e.g.Onlyinthiswaycanyou

solvethisproblem.There

comesthepolicecar.

Hardlyhadtheygottothestation

when

theymettheyoungman.4、

省略句e.g.Theyreadwhilewalkingor

ridingonabus.

Cometomeifnecessary.5、

with短語e.g.Isawayoungladywalkingslowlyinthestreetwitha

handbaginherhand.2023/1/1144.6、

定語從句e.g.Inmyopinion,cybercafesshouldbeaplacewherewecan

findmuchusefulinformation.

Let’scometothemainteaching

building,atthebackofwhichstands

theschoollibrary.7、

各種名詞性從句e.g.That’swhatIshoulddo.

Weshoulddoafavourtowhoever

needshelpatpresent.2023/1/1145.8、

各種狀語從句

e.g.Timepassedquicklybeforeweknewit.

Themoment

wereachedthefarm,wegotdowntoharvesting.

Solongas

weworkharderatourlessons,

we’llcatchupsoonerorlater.

Docallmebeforehand

sothatIcanmeet

youattheairport.

Theyhadtowait

becausetherainwas

gettingmoreandmoreheavily.

2023/1/1146.1Whenhearrives,pleasegivemeane-mail.(使用V-ing形式).2.Tohissurprise,thelittlegirlknowssomanythings.(使用名詞性從句)3.ThoughI’mweak,I’llmaketheeffort.(使用倒裝句)4.Hedidnotknowwhathadhappeneduntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaper.(使用強調(diào)句型)5.Ipassedthephysicsexambecauseofyourhelp.(用虛擬語氣)Onhisarriving,pleasegivemeane-mail.What

surpriseshimisthat

thelittlegirlknowssomanythings.Practice怎樣使用較豐富的句式WeakasIam,I’llmaketheeffort.

Itwasnotuntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaperthatheknewwhathadhappened.

Icouldn’thavepassedthephysicsexambutforyourhelp.

2023/1/1147.6.Shewalkedoutofthelabandmanystudentsfollowedher.(使用過去分詞)7.Theysangandlaughedastheywentbacktoschool.(使用V-ing形式)8.Iwon’tbelievewhathesays.(使用狀語從句)

9.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillmakerapidprogress.

(用并列句)10.HehadnosoonercomebackfromBeijingthanhewassentabroad.

(使用倒裝句)NosoonerhadhecomebackfromBeijingthanhewassentabroad.Followedbymanystudents,shewalkedoutofthelab.Singingandlaughing,theywentbacktoschool.Nomatterwhathesays,Iwon’tbelieve.

Studyhardandyou’llmakerapidprogress.2023/1/1148.高考大綱中常用的連接詞1.

表示遞進;在同一話題上補充內(nèi)容另外,還有:whatismore;besides;also;moreover;inaddition2.表示轉(zhuǎn)折關系但是,然而,相反:but;however;yet;instead;ontheotherhand;

onthecontrary.2023/1/1149.3.表示因果關系

因為,因此,所以:since;as;because(of);so;thus;therefore;asaresult;4.表示條件關系如果,只要:

if;oncondition(that);aslongas除非:

unless

否則:

orelse2023/1/1150.

5.表示時間關系當…的時候:

when;while在…之后:

after

在…之前:

before

直到:

until一…就…:

assoonas

后來,然后:

later;

afterwards不久:

soon

近來:

lately;

recently自從…:since從那時起:

fromthenon2023/1/1151.6.表示特定的順序關系首先,最主要的:

aboveall

其次:

secondly然后:

then;next

最后:

finally;intheend7.換一種方法表述換句話說:

inotherwords;thatistosay;

2023/1/1152.8.進行舉例說明例如,比如:

forinstance;forexample;like;suchasthatistosay,namely,actually,andsoon,believeitornot,totellyouthetruth,forthisreason9.用于陳述事實實際上:

infact;actually;asamatteroffact跟你說實話:

totellyouthetruth2023/1/1153.10.

對一個話題進行總結(jié)總而言之,總的來說:

onthewhole;inshort;allinall;ingeneral;inaword,finally,inconclusion,generallyspeaking,asyouknow,intheend,其它常用到的副詞

Therefore;otherwise;finally;

furthermore;Thus;namely;although;afterwards;personally;2023/1/1154.12.

表示結(jié)果:thus,therefore,so,asaresult,seeingthat,luckily,unfortunately

13.表示強調(diào):aboveall,indeed,surely,certainly,ofcourse,afterall,withoutanydelay,atleast,atmost,mostimportant,undoubtedly2023/1/1155.Ononesideoftheroadthereisanewclassroombuilding.Ontheotherside,wheretheplaygroundusedtobenowstandsanothernewbuilding—ourlibrary.(NMET1999范文)AsfarasIknow,everyoneishappyaboutthisnewarrangementofthings.(NMET2001范文)What’smore,Icangotobedearlier.(NMET2001范文)三、怎樣使用恰當?shù)倪B接詞2023/1/1156.Practice

1

請在下列句子中(間)填上恰當?shù)年P聯(lián)詞或意思有聯(lián)系的短語。XiaoMingwaswalkinginthestreet___________heheardsomeonecryforhelp.2.HeadvisedthatIhireacar____________Icouldtravelaroundinthewest.3.Itwasnotlong_______thepolicecame.___________heheardthecryforhelp,hejumpedintothewatertosavethegirl.wheninorderthatbeforeAssoonas

2023/1/1157.5.Doyouagreewithmyarrangement?________,dowritetomesoon.6.Wecangodowntownanddosomeshopping.__________,wecanpayavisittosomeplacesofinterest.Isharedthecostofthegaswithmyfriends.___________,Isaved$80.8.Eatingsugarisbadforourteeth.___________,itmaymakeusfat.Ifnot/soInadditionAsaresultWhat’sworse2023/1/1158.中文寫作對英文遣詞造句的干擾1.Goodgoodstudy,daydayup.2.ZhangHangstudiesinShanxiProvince,Xi’ancity,HongqiMiddleSchool.3.Lipinhas5classesinthemorning,afternoonhas2classes.4.Ourcountryhastakenplacegreatchanges.5.Herageisyoung.

正:Studyhardandyou’llmakeprogresseveryday.___________________________________________HongqiMiddleSchool,Xi’ancity,ShanxiProvince________________________and2intheafternoon正:Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourcountry.Sheisyoung.TorF:2023/1/1159.中文式表達是中國學生寫作中最常見的問題,同時也是最難解決的問題。這些中文式的表達沒有語法、句法錯誤,但就是不符合英文的表達習慣。這是中、西方思維差異帶來的語言表達上的差異。因此,要發(fā)現(xiàn)這些中式英文并有效地加以修改,從而寫出地道的英文作文,考生一定首先要了解中、西思維方式的差異,知道英文的習慣表達是什么樣的.這些文化差異的知識需要大家讀一些相關的文章來理解,更需要大家平時通過讀原汁原味的英文來體會和模仿。下面介紹一些最基本的差異供大家參考。一、中文表達習慣導致的搭配錯誤和問題英文表達中有一些習慣的搭配,如果不知道其用法,直接從中文字對字地翻譯成英文就造成搭配錯.考生在平時的閱讀中應該留意積累英文中這些的搭配并加以記憶,這樣在寫作中才能表達地道。2023/1/1160.1.主謂搭配錯誤例:①Inrecentyears,peoplewhohaveprivatecarshaveincreased.---,thenumberofpeoplewhohave---.

②Mystudyisverybusylately。I’mverybusywithmystudylately.2.動賓搭配問題考生在動賓搭配方面常常出現(xiàn)兩個問題。第一,搭配有誤。這還是由于不熟悉固定搭配,從中文表達字對字翻譯造成的。第二,更多情況下,考生找不到合適的動詞時,總是依賴一些所謂的“萬能動詞”,如make,take,bring,help,have等等,這樣的表達不夠精確。

2023/1/1161.因此,考生在平時的英語學習中要注意積累動賓搭配,如:enrichknowledge,broadenone’shorizon,tobetterone’slife,tosharpenone’sskills等等。這樣考場上寫作時才能表達自如確切.例:①WecanlearnmoreknowledgewiththehelpofInternet.obtain/gainknowledge二、中文句法導致的英語句法錯誤1.Smokeisharmfultoourheath.2.WatchTVcanbroadenourhorizon3.Itakeapart-timejobhelpmemakesomemoney4.Thereare30studentssitintheexamination.SmokingWatchingTVImakesomemoneybytakingapart-timejob.sitting______________________________________________________2023/1/1162.三、中文思維導致的中文式句子

漢語是自然語序,即思維和語言自然合拍,句子的語序基本反映了思想的過程:見到什么就先說什么,敘事是按時間發(fā)生順序。句子習慣在開頭從側(cè)面說明外圍環(huán)境,如時間、地點、原因、條件等,最后畫龍點睛,點出重要信息、下結(jié)淪、表態(tài)度。漢語多用短語或簡單句,句式中心在后。漢語中大量句子采用兼動式或連動式結(jié)構(gòu),動詞較多。英語恰好相反,說話人在說話前先把要表達的信息組織一下,一般強調(diào)什么先說什么,習慣把主要信息置于頭,即把最重要的事,如態(tài)度、觀點、結(jié)論放在句首直截了當先說出,然后再將其他信息如理由、事實、原因、例證等補充進來。因此英語復合句較多,句子結(jié)構(gòu)多為重心在前,句子呈線性,即以主—謂—賓為核心,首先安排主要內(nèi)容,然后借助連詞、短語、從句進行擴展,使句子成分有效地結(jié)合起來。2023/1/1163.通常一個英語單句或從句僅有一個或幾個并列動詞充當謂語,其他動作的意義則用其他類詞,如非謂語動詞、名詞化結(jié)構(gòu)、介詞、副詞等充當其他成分來表示。如:Aftersomanyyearsofisolation,Ihavenowreceivedyourletter,soIamveryglad.Iamverygladtohavereceivedyourletteraftersomanyyearsofisolation,再如:Inthelastsummervacation,Ivisitedsomeofplacesandmetdifferentkindsofpeople.Icantellmanywonderfulstoriesaboutthem.TherearemanywonderfulstoriestotellabouttheplaceslvisitedanddifferentkindsofpeopleImetduringthelastsummervacation.2023/1/1164.

四、措詞差異不同的思維方式會影響交際風格和遣詞造句。漢語思維模式是形象的、直觀的,常用類比、比喻和象征。漢語用詞傾向于具體,常常以實的形式表達虛的概念,以具體的形象表達抽象的內(nèi)容。而英式思維是概括的、抽象的,西方人注重抽象思維,以概念、推理、判斷為主,擅長用抽象的概念表達具體的事物。中西方的這些不同思維方式導致了詞匯方面的差異。中國學生在處理漢英詞組轉(zhuǎn)換時,經(jīng)常沿襲母語的形象思維方式,根據(jù)漢語意思套用英語單詞,很難準確地表達思想。如要表達“睡得晚”這個意思,有的考生就直譯為:sleeplate而正確的表達為:stayuplate2023/1/1165.中文文章還喜歡用比喻,如:只有教育才能讓我們國家立于世界民族之林。如果用下面的句子表達此義,Nothingbuteducationcanmakeourcountrystandintheforestoftheworldpeople,盡管西方人可能讀懂我們的意思,但這句表達是中文式的。英語則用

rankamongtheadvancedcountriesintheworld又如:Nowwearestudyinghard.Afterwestepoutoftheschoolgate,wecancontributetooursociety.__________________________________________Aftergraduation2023/1/1166.五、中文思維導致的段落結(jié)構(gòu)問題

漢語習慣于環(huán)形思維,先縱覽全貌,得到一個結(jié)論,然后再反復證明這一結(jié)論。而西方人的思維模式主要表現(xiàn)為直線型,英語文章開門見山直入主題,然后再分要點對該主題加以分析、論證,最后是結(jié)論。好的段落具有統(tǒng)一性和連貫性,段落開頭的主題句直截了當,內(nèi)容按直線展開,層層深入,輔助支持句緊扣中心思想。英文的段落主題句明確,邏輯思路清晰,條理分明,層層推進環(huán)環(huán)相扣。中國學生受到漢語思維習慣的影響,寫文章時不按英文特點展開,顯得條理性、邏輯性差。請看下例:2023/1/1167.一,合并為簡單句1把其中一句改為分詞短語2把其中一句改為介詞短語二,合并為復合句

三,把復合句改為簡單句1把從句改為分詞短語2把從句改為介詞短語

四,避免只使用一兩個句式,要靈活運用諸如倒裝句、強調(diào)句、主從復合句、分詞狀語等.五,注意使用詞組、習語來代替一些單詞,以增加文采。六.適當?shù)穆?lián)想與發(fā)揮。2023/1/1168.Iwenttoseeafilmthisafternoon.Onthewaytothecinema,Isawacasefalloffaman’sbike.Onmywaytothecinemathisafternoon,Ihappenedtoseeacasefalloffaman’sbike.Ipickedupthecase.Ishoutedatthemanloudly.Buthedidn’thearmeandrodeaway.Afterpickingupthecase,Ishoutedatthemanloudly,butherodetoofasttohearme.2023/1/1169.LoudlyasIshoutedathimafterpickingitup,themanwasridingsofarawaythathecouldn’thearme.IshoutedatthemanthemomentIpickeditup,however,hewasridingtoofasttohearme.Suddenly,Ihadanidea.//Istoppedataxitocatchupwiththeman.//Icaughtupwithhimatlast.

Suddenly,anideaflashedintomymind.Iheldoutforataxiandgotintoitwiththecase.Ofcourse,itdidn’ttakemelongtocatchupwiththeman.2023/1/1170.IwaswonderingwhatIshoulddowhenanideasuddenlystruckme.IstoppedataxiasquicklyasIcouldsoastocatchupwiththeman.Igavethecasebacktotheman.//Thema

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