Unit8講義 八年級英語上冊

Unit8講義魯教版八年級英語上冊1、掌握現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的語法2、了解生活環(huán)境的話題研究3、掌握本單元出現(xiàn)的一些重點(diǎn)詞匯和重要句型，并能靈活運(yùn)用4、Search

for

搜索，搜尋After

he

felt

better,

he

searched

for

work

at

the

various

mills.

他感到好些后,

就在各工廠找工作。

They

searched

all

the

drawers

for

the

missing

paper.

他們翻了所有的抽屜找尋那份遺失的文件。5、according

to意為“依照，按照”to為介詞，后接名詞、代詞或從句What

is

the

meaning

of

the

word

according

to

the

passage?

根據(jù)文章，這個(gè)單詞的意思是？6、hold及物動(dòng)詞，意為“擁有；抓住”【拓展】過去式和過去分詞均為heldHe

holds

a

major

share

in

the

company.

他持有該公司的大部分股份。He

is

holding

a

book

in

her

hand.

她手里正拿著一本書。【拓展】hold用作及物動(dòng)詞，還可意為“舉行；主持”，相當(dāng)于haveThey

will

hold

a

meeting

to

discuss

this

problem

tomorrow.

他們明天會舉行一場會議討論這個(gè)問題。【拓展】在與動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)，只能用動(dòng)名詞形式的動(dòng)詞或短語有：consider

“考慮”

enjoy

“喜愛”

practice“練習(xí)”keep

（on）“繼續(xù)（一直）”mind

“介意”

finish“完成”

have

fun

“高興”

feel

like

“想要”look

forward

to

“盼望”

can’t

help

“禁不住”

give

up

“放棄”歌訣：喜歡錯(cuò)過別介意，完成愉快勤練習(xí)，禁不住考慮想放棄7、check

用作及物動(dòng)詞,

意為“檢查,

審查”;

【搭配】check

out

意為“察看，觀察”。If

you

finish

it,

check

it

by

yourself

first.

如果你完成了，就自己先檢查一下。Check

out

all

the

books

for

children.察看一下所有的兒童書籍。check還可用作名詞，意為“支票,

賬單”。8、consider動(dòng)詞，意為“考慮”【搭配】think

about，后跟名詞，代詞，動(dòng)名詞，賓語從句或“疑問詞+不定式”。Please

consider

my

advice.請考慮我的建議。I

am

considering

going

to

Beijing

on

vacation.我正在考慮去北京度假。He

has

never

considered

how

to

solve

the

problem.他從未考慮過如何解決那個(gè)問題。9、regard意為“將······認(rèn)為；把······視為”?！敬钆洹砍Ｓ枚陶Zregard

A

as

B意為“將A視為B；把A當(dāng)做B”，as為介詞，其后接名詞或代詞。I

regard

you

as

my

best

friend.我把你當(dāng)做我最好的朋友。We

regard

him

as

our

brother.我們把他當(dāng)成兄弟看待。10、to

be

honest

說實(shí)話11、a

symbol

of

。。。的象征I

frequently

use

sunflowers

as

a

symbol

of

strength.

我經(jīng)常用向日葵來作為力量的象征。12、in

my

opinion

in

one’s

opinion=in

the

opinion

of

sb.

意為“依······看”。In

my

opinion,

it’s

best

to

make

some

cards

for

our

teachers.依我看，最好給我們的老師做些卡片。13、no

longer

不再He

was

long

a

famous

musician,

but

he

plays

no

longer.

他成為有名的音樂家已很久了,

但他現(xiàn)在不演奏了。

The

city's

water

supply

is

no

longer

adequate

for

its

need.

這個(gè)城市的供水已不敷需求。14、part

with

放棄(=give

up)、交出，part

v.

離開，

分開

n.部分,

地區(qū)，區(qū)域Don’t

part

with

your

dream.不要放棄你的夢想。Don’t

give

up

your

dream.15、before

/ago

【辨析】before和ago都能表示在一段時(shí)間以前，但是二者的內(nèi)涵和具體用法有明顯的區(qū)別：（1）before表示從過去或?qū)砟骋粫r(shí)間算起多少時(shí)間以前，由于與這一時(shí)間狀語連用的行為先發(fā)生在過去或?qū)砟骋粫r(shí)刻之前，因此往往出現(xiàn)在過去完成時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r(shí)態(tài)中。I

called

him

up

last

night,but

his

mother

told

me

he

had

left

for

Wuhan

two

days

before.She

said

that

she

had

married

him

five

years

before.

（2）如果不具體表明多少時(shí)間以前，before意為"從前；以前"，表示從現(xiàn)在開始追溯到過去一段時(shí)間，或主句的謂語動(dòng)詞表示的是經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的行為，以副詞的形式置于句末，可以用在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中。I

have

never

been

to

Beijing

before.

Have

you

ever

seen

a

tiger

before?

注意：before前的時(shí)間狀語如果是特定的，含義不一樣。試比較：He

said

he

had

arrived

here

a

day

before.

(一天前)

He

said

he

had

arrived

here

the

day

before.

(前一天)

（3）ago指的是從現(xiàn)在起到過去時(shí)間的某一點(diǎn)的一段時(shí)間。這個(gè)時(shí)間狀語常與一般過去時(shí)態(tài)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)連用。I

graduated

from

the

college

twenty

years

ago.

（4）表示在某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)或事件以前時(shí)，只能用before，不用ago。因?yàn)檫@種用法是將before當(dāng)作介詞或連詞使用。ago不具有這種功能。He

will

come

back

before

eleven

o'clock.

16、among與between差別【辨析】among

prep.

在三者或三者以上之間between

prep.

在兩者之間

Tom

sits

among

the

students.

湯姆坐在學(xué)生之間。Tom

sits

between

Mary

and

Frank.湯姆坐在瑪麗和弗蘭克之間。17、--

How

long

have

you

had

that

bike

over

there?--

I

have

had

it

for

three

years.那邊的自行車你買多久了??？

我已經(jīng)買了3年了。how

long,

how

soon,

how

often,

how

farHow

long

多久,

多長(時(shí)間)。對時(shí)間段提問,

如:

for+時(shí)間段；since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)/時(shí)間段+ago/一般過去時(shí)的句子。--How

long

have

you

worked

in

Beijing?--For

five

years.--你在別經(jīng)工作多久了？

--5年了【拓展】(1)How

soon多久以后。對“in+時(shí)間段提問,

常用于一般將來時(shí)”,

其答語常用“in+時(shí)間段”。--How

soon

will

Mr.

Li

be

back?--In

a

week.

--李先生多久之后回來？

--一周后(2)How

often

多久一次,

對頻率提問,

其答語為:

once

(twice/…)+時(shí)間段,

always,

usually等。--How

often

do

you

exercise?--Once

a

day.--你多久做一次鍛煉？

--一天一次。(3)How

far

多遠(yuǎn)，對距離提問，其答語是表距離的內(nèi)容。--How

far

is

it

from

here

to

your

school?--Three

kilometers.--從這兒到你們學(xué)校多遠(yuǎn)？

--3千米。18、Amy

thinks

it’s

hard

to

sell

her

old

things.艾米認(rèn)為賣掉她的舊東西很難?！居梅ā縄t’s

+adj.

(+for

sb.)

to

do

sth.

意為“（對某人來說）做某事時(shí)……的”it

是形式主語，真正主語是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式。It’s

important

for

un

to

learn

English

well.

學(xué)好英語對于我們來說是很重要的。19、And

check

out

these

soft

toys

and

board

games

for

younger

kids.為這些小孩子們檢查一下這些柔軟的玩具以及木質(zhì)玩具?！居梅ā縞heck

用作及物動(dòng)詞,

意為“檢查,

審查”;

check

out

意為“察看，觀察”。If

you

finish

it,

check

it

by

yourself

first.如果你完成了，就自己先檢查一下。Check

out

all

the

books

for

children.察看一下所有的兒童書籍。20、Children

have

learned

to

read

and

count

at

my

old

primary

school

since

the

mid-20th

century.自從20世紀(jì)中期，孩子們在我過往的小學(xué)已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了讀書和數(shù)數(shù)?！居梅ā縞entury可數(shù)名詞，意為“世紀(jì)；百年”，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為centuries。the

mid-20th

century

20世紀(jì)中期

eighteenth-century

writer

18世紀(jì)的作家A

hundred

years

is

a

century.一百年是一個(gè)世紀(jì)。21、Jeff’s

family

is

having

a

yard

sale.杰夫家正在院子中售賣東西。【用法】sale用作名詞，意為“出售，銷售”，on

sale意為“出售，上市”；for

sale意為“待售，供出售”，尤指從主人手里出售。Chickens

are

on

sale

in

the

market.小雞在市場上出售。I’m

sorry,

it’s

not

for

sale.抱歉，它不出售。22、Amy

wants

to

keep

her

old

things

because

they

bring

back

sweet

memories.艾米想保留她的舊東西，因?yàn)樗鼈児雌鹚奶鹈刍貞洝！就卣埂縨emory

n.

意為“記憶；回憶”，復(fù)數(shù)形式為memories，動(dòng)詞為memorize，意為“記憶，背誦”。She

has

a

good

memory.

她記憶力好。23、Most

of

the

children

in

my

time

liked

to

play

together

under

that

big

tree

,

especially

during

the

summer

holidays.在我那時(shí)候，大多數(shù)的孩子們都喜歡一起在那個(gè)大樹下玩耍，尤其是在暑假的時(shí)候?！居梅ā縠specially副詞，意為“尤其；特別；格外”，在句中作狀語，用于列舉某個(gè)特例或某事物的特殊性。形容詞especial“特別的，特殊的”。Flowers

are

always

welcomed,

especially

in

winter.

鮮花總是受到歡迎，尤其是冬天。24、The

stories

inside

may

be

a

bit

old,

but

they’re

still

interesting.這里的故事可能有些老舊了，但是它們還是很有趣的。【用法】

a

bit

意為“一點(diǎn)兒,

稍微”,

修飾形容詞或副詞,

相當(dāng)于a

little;

a

bit

of

+不可數(shù)名詞,

a

little直接加不可數(shù)名詞。There

is

a

bit

of/a

little

water

in

the

bottle.瓶子里有點(diǎn)兒水。not

a

bit

=not

at

all

意為“一點(diǎn)也不”not

a

little

=very

意為“非?！盨he

is

not

a

bit

happy.

她一點(diǎn)兒也不快樂。He

is

not

a

little

tired.=He

is

very

tired.

他非常累。25、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，并可能還將持續(xù)下去。簡稱“延續(xù)用法”.此用法需注意兩點(diǎn)：（1）常與for,

since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間段的時(shí)間狀語連用.（2）動(dòng)詞使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。因?yàn)樗查g動(dòng)詞在肯定句、疑問句中不能和時(shí)間段連用.

since

,

for

的用法:since:

(自…以來)(1)since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)He

has

stayed

here

since

5

o’clock.(2)since+

時(shí)間段+

agoHe

has

stayed

here

since

5

hours

ago.(3)since+

從句(句子要用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)）She

has

taught

English

since

he

came

here.

for:

(長達(dá)）for+

時(shí)間段He

has

kept

the