英語閱讀理解微技巧細節(jié)理解題之解題策略課

英語閱讀微技能---細節(jié)理解題之解題策略

1整理課件推理判斷

猜測詞義閱讀常見題型篇章結構主旨大意作者態(tài)度細節(jié)理解2整理課件高考閱讀考查細節(jié)理解題：2015年7題2016年10題2017年9題3整理課件Spotthedifferences大家來找茬4整理課件細節(jié)理解題測試學生對特定細節(jié)或重要事實的辨認能力類型劃分1：直接辨認型:

獲取信息---記住信息---回憶并對號入座如：WhichbuttonsdirectlycontrolthemovementoftheRocketBall?5整理課件

細節(jié)理解題類型劃分1：間接辨認型:

獲取信息---

加工轉換---得出正確釋義

同義（反義）轉換、排序、圖文轉換、數(shù)字轉換、6整理課件細節(jié)理解題類型劃分2：集中型:

就單個特定細節(jié)提問，答案位于單句和上下文處如：

Asismentionedinthecard,thelimitation

oftheresearchpapermainlyliesinthat__________7整理課件細節(jié)理解題類型劃分2：分散型:正確答案和干擾項對應的細節(jié)分散在文中多處如：1.WhichofthefollowingisNotMentioned/True?

2.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat___.3.Allthefollowingstatementsmaybetrueexcept____.

8整理課件細節(jié)理解題題型：1.文章細節(jié)題：what/who/when/where/how/why2.是非題：WhichofthefollowingisNotTrue?3.圖表數(shù)據(jù)題(計算)4.排序題5.其他題：9整理課件1正誤并存；半對半錯“干擾項”面面觀3無中生有；主觀臆想4文不對題；答非所問5張冠李戴；偷換概念

2以偏概全；過于夸大10整理課件正誤并存；半對半錯TherobotBuddycanpatrolthehomewhentheresidentsarenothomeandcontactaperson’sphoneifitdetectsanintruderorfire.Manyoftherobotshavecamerasthatactaseyes.Forthoseconcernedaboutsomeonehackingintoarobottopeepintoahome,therearesafeguardstolookforwhenpurchasingone.“Whenthecameraisactivated,wewillshowitonthescreenandspecificlightssoyouknowthatsomeoneisusingyourcamera,”HasselvandersaidaboutBuddy.Whatdoweknowabout“Buddy”?2018weilwitnessBuddygointodifferentfamilies.Buddyisequippedwithspecialeyestoprotectitself.Buddycansafeguardthehomeandsoundthefirealarm.Buddyhasanadvantageoverconventionalsmartproducts.11整理課件Foodsometimesgetspoisonedwithharmfulthings.Apersonwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly.Thesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfood.Feverisoneofthemostcommonsymptoms.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTrue?A.Foodwhenpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.B.Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.C.Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties.D.Foodpoisoningcanbeserious.

以偏概全；過于夸大12整理課件

以偏概全；過于夸大...Thesystemwouldn’tmeanhavingtokeepyourlightsonallthetimeeither,Haassays---bulbscouldbedimmedtosuchapointthattheyappearoff,butstilltransmit.ThesystemcaneasilynetworkanydevicewithanLEDlight—anelectrickettle,anoven.LEDstreetlightscouldevenbeusedtoformanetworkofoutdoorLi-Fi,makingitpossibletostayconnectedwhenwalkingaroundthecity.ButsomesoundacautiousnoteaboutVLC’sfuture.Itbecomeslesspowerful,forexample,whenlightisblocked,wheatherduetofogorotherconditions.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat____

Li-FicanworkwithLEDlightsoff..

Li-Ficanbeusedwithallhouseholdappliances

Li-Fican’tworkoutdoors.

Li-Fineedsimprovingtomeetdiverseneed.13整理課件...Thescientistscomparedhowmuchpressurewasputonthewomen'skneesbybothtypesofshoes.Thewomenalsowalkedbarefoottotestnormalpressure.Thescientistsfoundthatbothtypesofshoesappliedequalamountsofpressuretotheknees.1.Welearnfromthepassagethatwomenchoosechunkyheelsbecause_____.A.theywanttowalkcomfortablyB.chunky（粗短高跟）heeledshoesarecheaperthanstiletto(細高跟)heeledpairsC.chunkyheelsdolessharmtokneesD.chunkyheelsarenotpainfulatall無中生有；主觀臆想Wide-heeledshoesfeelcomfortable,

sowomenwearthemalldaylong,”Kerrigansaid.“Theyarebetterforyourfeetthanstilettoheels,butjustashadforyourknees.”...14整理課件

...Thefirststudylookedonlyatstilettoheels,andKerrigansaidshewantedtostudythechunky（粗短）high-heeledshoesshenoticedmanywomenwearing."Thisstudyconfirmswhatweallintuitivelyknowthathigh-heeledshoesofanykindarenotgoodforourhealth,"saidDr.GlennPfeifer,aSanFranciscodoctorKerrigan‘slatestudylookedatthechunkyhigh-heeledshoesbecause_____.A.theyfeelmorecomfortableB.theyarerelatedtokneeosteoarthritisC.theyarewornbymanywomenD.theyaredifferentfromstilettoheels文不對題；答非所問Wide-heeledshoesfeelcomfortable,sowomenwearthemalldaylong,"Kerrigansaid."Theyarebetterforyourfeetthanstiletto（細高跟）heels,butjustashadforyourknees.“...15整理課件Thewarden(狩獵監(jiān)督官)setoutthreesteeltrapsthatnight.Inthemorningonewasempty.Theothertwohadbeenstolenbythebeavers(河貍)andusedtostrengthenthedam.Thewarden,cursingthestatelawagainsthuntingbeaverswithfirearms,gothistrapsbackandsetthemoutagainandagain.Andeverynightthebeaversstolethem.Whatdidthelocalgamewardendo?A.Hemadesteeltrapstostrengthenthedam.B.Hesetouttohuntthebeaverswithfirearms.C.Helearnedalotabouttheconstructionofthedam.D.Heusedpetrol-soakedbagstodrivethebeaversaway.張冠李戴；偷換概念

16整理課件Treatmentcentreshavepoppeduparoundtheworld.In2006Amsterdam’sSmith&Jonesfacilityclaimstobe“thefirstand,currently,theonlyresidentialvideo-gametreatmentprogramintheworld”.InAmericatherestartInternetAddictionRecoveryProgramclaimstotreatinternetaddiction,gamingaddiction,andeven“textingaddiction”.InChina,meanwhile,military-style“bootcamps”arethepreferredwaytotreatinternetproblems.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheworld’seffortstofightInternetaddiction?B.Amsterdamoncestartedtheworld’sfirstvideo-gametreamentprogram.D.Military-stylecampsinChinaprovetobethebesttotreatInternetprobmlems.17整理課件1正誤并存；半對半錯“干擾項”面面觀3無中生有；主觀臆想4文不對題；答非所問5張冠李戴；偷換概念

2以偏概全；過于夸大18整理課件細節(jié)理解題解題原則及步驟、方法：原則：忠實于原文原句及全篇邏輯關系，

不能主觀臆斷步驟和方法：Step1：題干中選定關鍵詞（定位詞）Step2：通過略讀、查讀鎖定文中定位區(qū)域Step3:結合信息區(qū)域上下文理解、比對

Step4:排除干擾項，篩選得出答案19整理課件定位詞通常是哪些詞？人名、地名等專有名詞；年份、數(shù)字等數(shù)詞及題干中的大寫名詞指代具體事物或人物的名詞3.詞義鮮明的動詞、形容詞、副詞等實詞20整理課件題干和正確選項的典型特點替換關鍵詞：把文中關鍵詞轉化替換成同/近義詞，設置題干或正確選項。詞性或語態(tài)變化:把原文句中的詞變換詞性或語態(tài)，以制造理解障礙。語言簡化,長話短說：把原文中散雜語言現(xiàn)象進行提煉總結，成為題干或正確答案。21整理課件WhenIwasgrowingupinAmerica,Iwasashamedofmymother’sChineseEnglish.BecauseofherEnglish,shewasoftentreatedunfairly.Peopleindepartmentstores,atbanks,andatrestaurantsdidnottakeherseriously,didnotgivehergoodservice,pretendednottounderstandher,orevenactedasiftheydidnothearher.41.Whywastheauthor'smotherpoorlyserved?A.ShewasunabletospeakgoodEnglish.B.Shewasoftenmisunderstood.C.Shewasnotclearlyheard.D.Shewasnotverypolite.替換關鍵詞（同/近義詞替換）偷換概念無中生有22整理課件

Confucius...assumedthatallmenwereequalatbirth,thoughsomehadmorepotentialthanothers,andthatitwasknowledgethatsetmenapart.Socratesfocusedonindividual,andthoughtthatthegreatestpurposeofmanwastoseekwisdom.Hebelieved...66.Whatmadesomepeopledifferentfromothersaccordingto

Confucius?A.Family B.PotentialC.KnowledgeD.Community詞性或語態(tài)變化23整理課件

Traditionally,peoplehavedrunkbottledwaterforhealthreasons.Thepracticeof“takingthewaters”originatedwiththeRomans,whobelievedthatapersondevelopedahealthymindbybuildingahealthybody.AcrossEurope,drinkingorbathinginmineralwaterhasbeenassociatedwiththepowertocurevariousdiseases1．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?Bottledwaterwasoncedrunkbothbytherichandthepoor.Bottledwatersaleshaverisen,forit'scheaperthantapwater.Europeansbelievedinthepoweroftreatmentofmineralwater.Americanshavehadthehabitofdrinkingbottledwaterforlong.詞性或語態(tài)變化無中生有24整理課件Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNau