中考英語語法賓語從句精講精練

【中考英語語法】賓語從句精講精煉在復(fù)合句中用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。它在句中可以充當(dāng)及物動詞、介詞或形容詞的并與。賓語從句的三大考點(diǎn)即：引導(dǎo)詞、時(shí)態(tài)和語序。一、賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞1.that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句當(dāng)賓語從句是陳述句時(shí)，用連接詞that引導(dǎo)，that在口語、非正式文體中常被省略。Hesays(that)hehasbeentoShanghaitwice.他說他去過上海兩次。Shesaid(that)shewenttotheparklastweek.她說她上周去公園了。2.特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句當(dāng)賓語從句是特殊疑問句時(shí)，特殊疑問詞就是引導(dǎo)詞。特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句疑問詞不可省略。Couldyoupleasetellmewherewewillhaveameeting?你能告訴我們將在哪兒開會嗎？IwonderedwhatIshoulddonext.我想知道下一步該做什么。3.if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（1）當(dāng)賓語從句由一般疑問句變來時(shí)，要用if或whether引導(dǎo)，意為“是否”。If和whether只起到連接作用，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般情況下可互換，但if常用于口語中，whether常用于正式文體中。Iwanttoknowif/whetherheiswaitingforme.我想知道他是否在等我。Couldyoutellmeif/whetheryouhavebeentoAustralia?你能告訴我你是否去過澳大利亞嗎？（2）下列情況下一般只能用whether：①與ornot連用時(shí)Idon’tknowwhetherhelikesthemovieornot.我不知道他喜不喜歡這部電影。②作介詞的賓語時(shí)Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.一切取決于我們是否有足夠的時(shí)間。③放在不定式前，與不定式組成詞組時(shí)Shehasn’tdecidedwhethertogoornot.她還沒決定去還是不去。④作discuss等詞的賓語時(shí)Wediscussedwhetherweshouldclosetheshop.我們討論了是否該關(guān)閉那家商店。二、賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)（1）如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句可用其所需的任何時(shí)態(tài)。Hesays(that)hehasseenthisfilm.他說他已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。Hesays(that)heiswatchingTV.他說他正在看電視。（2）如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，賓語從句常用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。HesaidtheywouldgotoHainanwinterholiday.他說他們將去海南度假。Shedidn’tknowiftheyhadseenthemovie.她不知道他們是否看過那部電影了。注意：如果從句的內(nèi)容表示的是客觀真理或不可改變的自然現(xiàn)象等，雖然主句用了過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Theteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.老師告訴我們地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)動。Theteachersaidlighttravelsfasterthansound.老師說光比聲音傳播得快。三、賓語從句的語序當(dāng)賓語從句是疑問句時(shí)，要用陳述語序。What’shisfather’sname?他父親叫什么名字？Idon’tknowwhathisfather’snameis?我不知道他父親叫什么名字？WhenwilltheyleaveforShanghai?你們什么時(shí)候去上海？CanyoutellmewhentheywillleaveforShanghai?你能告訴我他們什么時(shí)候去上海嗎？四、賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移當(dāng)賓語從句表示否定意義時(shí)，如果主語為第一人稱，謂語動詞是think,believe,suppose,expect等詞時(shí)，通常將否定轉(zhuǎn)移到主句的謂語動詞中。Idon’tbelievehewillcome.我相信他不會來了。Idon’tthinkthereisanythingwrongwiththeradio.我認(rèn)為這臺收音機(jī)沒有毛病。注意：1.當(dāng)賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移時(shí)，若主句的主語是第一人稱，則該句的反意思疑問句由從句來決定。Idon’tthinkheisanhonestboy,ishe?我認(rèn)為他不是一個(gè)誠實(shí)的孩子，對嗎？2.若主句的主語不是第一人稱，則該句的反意疑問句由主句來決定。Youbelievehewillcomeheresoon,don’tyou?你相信他很快就會來這兒，不是嗎？

賓語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、將下面的句子連接成為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句。1.TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.Hesaid_______theseflowers_______fromGuangdong.2.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldme_____light_______fasterthansound.3.Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidn’tknow.Jackdidn’tknow_____there_________ameetinginfivedays.4.CantheyspeakFrench?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow___________________________French.5.Arethechildrenplayinggames?Tellme.Tellme______thechildren____________games.6.Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang.Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang____________________homeworkyet.7.Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknows_______________________________inthepicture?8.Wheredidsheparkhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknow______________hercar?9.Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?Thegirlwondered.Thegirlwondered__________often________about.10.Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?Idon’tknow.Idon’tknow___________atthedoorsoloudly.11.Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?Idon'tknow.Idon'tknow______hestill_______inthatstreet.12.What'shisname?Iaskedhim.

Iaskedhimwhat_______________.13.Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme__________________________________.14.Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.Heaskedtheboys_______they______friedchicken.15.WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?Idon'tknow.Idon'tknow_______thewatch_______madeinShanghai.二、完成句子

1．Iwantedtoknow_______________________________(她在和誰交談)

2．Hesaid_______________________________________(他以前見過我)

3．I'msorryfor__________________________________(我所做的事)

4．Theteacherasked______________________________(誰能回答這個(gè)問題)

5．Janesaidthat__________________________________(她將乘飛機(jī)去那里)

6．Iwantedtoknow_______________________________(她是否有一些錢)

7．Wehaven'tdecided____________________________(我們下一步該做什么)

8．IthinkthatEnglishis___________________________(沒有數(shù)學(xué)難)

9．I'mnotsure___________________________________(昨天天氣是否晴朗)

10．Heaskedme__________________________________(是如何處理這件事的)

11．Doyouknow_________________________________(是否要下雨)

12．Iwantedtoknow______________________________(她是否來還是不來)三、用合適的連接詞填空。1.Jimtoldme____hedidn'tgofishingyesterdayafternoon.（how,why）2.Doyouknow______elseisgoingtobeondutytoday？（who,whom）3.Shesaid_____itwouldn'tmattermuch.（that,if）4.Healwaysthinks______hecandobetter.（how,who）5.Ireallydon'tknow________thebridgewillbefinished.（howlong,howsoon）6.Theydon'tknow_______togoorwait.(if,whether)7.Wearetalkingabout______we’llgobacktomorrow.(whether,if)8.Iwasreallysurprisedat______Isaw.(where,what)9.Idon'tknow____somanypeoplearelookingathim.(how,why)10.Doyouknow______youarestudyingfor?(why,what)四、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1.“Doyouwanttotryit?”Tom'smotheraskedhim.(同義句)Tom'smotheraskedhim____________________totryit.2.Ithinkthisisagoodidea.（改為否定句）I_______________this________agoodidea.3.Lucyhasn'tdecidedwhichtrouserstobuy.（改為復(fù)合句Lucyhasn'tdecided________________________________buy.4.Idon'tknowhowIcangettothehospital.（改為簡單句Idon'tknow________________________tothehospital.5.Idon’tsupposetheywillcome,_____________?(改為反意疑問句)五、用所給動詞的正確形式填空。1.Wearesurethathe________(go)toschooltomorrow.2.Doyouknowwho______(be)thefirstmantowalkonthemoon?3.Couldyoutellmewherethepostoffice______(is)?4.Ourfathersaidthathe_______(will)buyanewcomputer.5.Ihearthathe_______(swim)intheseayesterday.6.Thelittleboytellsuswherehisfather_______(work).7.Hesaidthathe_________(finish)hisworkalready.8.Theythoughttheycould_______(hike)tothetopofthemountain.9.Hewasgladthatsomanypeople_____(help)him.10.Shedoesn’tknowwhether________(go)orwait.六、選擇填空。1.（2021·內(nèi)蒙古昆都侖·二模）—Ican’tbelieve________Jasonquarreledandfoughtwithhisboss.—Well,ifonemustgolookingfortrouble,itjustcan’tbehelped.

A．whenB．whyC．thatD．whether2.（2021·全國·模擬預(yù)測）—HowcanIbecomeapresenter?—KeepstudyingEnglishwell,andIhope________.

A．ifyoucanjoinusonedayB．thatyoucanjoinusonedayC．ifcanyoujoinusonedayD．thatcanyoujoinusoneday3.Iknow_________Ipromisedtotakeyoutodinner,butIwon'tfinishworkinguntilteno’clock.

A．thatB．ifC．whatD．why4.（2021·江西省南豐縣教育局教學(xué)研究室一模）Ididn’trealize________themostimportantthingweshoulddonowisstudyuntilmymotherandIhadtheconversation.

A．whatB．thatC．whetherD．when5.（2019·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江）-DoyoubelievethathumanscouldliveonMars?-Idon'tthink_____________________.

A．ifitcomestrueB．thatitwillcometrueC．whyitwillcometrueD．howdoesitcometrue6.（2021·吉林長春·模擬預(yù)測）Heasks________myparentswillcomehomefortheSpringFestivalthisyear.

A．whereB．thatC．ifD．when7.（2020·貴州黔東南）—Wouldyouliketogohikingifit________finethisSaturday?—I'dloveto.Butnobodyknowsifit________.

A．is;willrainB．is;rainsC．willbe;willrainD．willbe;rains（2021·江蘇錫山·模擬預(yù)測）—Somepeoplenevergettiredofmakingabasketinoneonlineshopthentoanother.—Perhapstheywanttosee_________.

A．iftheycangetthesameorsimilaritemscheaperthattheycanfindtheverythingstheyreallyneedthattheyweretheluckydogtogettheirbasketforfreeD．whencantheyreceivetheiritemstheyorderedearlier9.（2021·四川成都）—Howwonderfultheschoolconcertis!Iwonder________ourschoolwillholditnextyear.—Sure.It’sourschooltradition!

A．howB．ifC．where10.（2020·黑龍江）Heasked________Bettycamehomelatelastnight.

A．weatherB．whetherC．where11.（2020·湖北荊州）—Areyougoingcampingthisweekend?—I’mnotsure________theroadtothemountainswillbeclosedbecauseoftheheavyrain.

A．thatB．whyC．whetherD．which12.（2021·安徽·合肥市第四十五中學(xué)三模）—Iamworriedabout________Icanenteragoodhighschoolornot.—Takeiteasy.Beconfidentofyourself.

A．whyB．whenC．whetherD．where13.（2021·重慶·四川外國語大學(xué)附屬外國語學(xué)校三模）—Excuseme!Couldyoupleasetellme________tomorrow?—Yes,hewilldoitat3:00tomorrowafternoon.

A．whereourEnglishteachergivesusatalkB．whereourEnglishteacherwillgiveusatalkC．whetherourEnglishteacherwillgiveusatalkD．whetherourEnglishteachergivesusatalk14.（2021·云南昆明）—Haveyoueverheardaboutthenewlawagainstfoodwaste?I’mwondering________.—Don’tworry.Ofcourseitwill.

A．willitbehelpfulB．howwillitbehelpfulC．itwillbehelpfulD．whetheritwillbehelpful15.（2019·廣西玉林）—Ben,couldyoutellme__________?—He’smycousinfromShenzhen.

A．whoheisB．whereissheC．whoisheD．whereheis16.（2020·貴州銅仁）—Couldyoutellus________?—About400kilometers.

A．HowfaritisfromTongrentoGuiyangB．HowfarisitfromTongrentoGuiyangC．HowlongittakestogettoGuiyang D．HowlongdoesittaketogettoGuiyang17.（2021·內(nèi)蒙古包頭）—Doyouknow________hesaidattheparty?—Goon.I’mallears.

A．whyB．thatC．whichD．what（2021·廣西崇左）—Doyouknow________?—Yes.OnMay15th,2021.

A．whyTianwen1wassentintospaceB．whenTianwen1landedontheredplanetC．whatTianwen1wasnamedafterD．howlongTianwen1hasworkedthere19.（2020·黑龍江綏化）—Couldyoutellme__________?—InXinhuaBookstore.

A．whereyouboughtthebookB．wheredidyoubuythebookC．wheredoyoubuythebook20.（2020·遼寧盤錦）—Couldyoutellme__________?—I’mnotsure.Let’sgoandaskourteacher.

A．thatIcanspendmyholiday B．howcanIdobetterinmylessonsC．whomcanImakefriendswith D．whichseniorhighIcanchoose21.（2021·吉林·模擬預(yù)測）—Lucy,doyouknow________?—I’venoidea.Butnomatterwhoitbelongsto,putitontheshelfoverthere,please.

A．whosebookthisisB．whohastheEnglishbookC．wherethebookis22.（2021·江蘇高郵·二模）—Lucy,couldyoutellme________?—ThebraveryofPeterPan.

A．whichbookyoulikebest B．whyyoulikethebookC．howyoufeelaboutthebookD．what’sthenameofthebook23.（2021·山東青島）Therearemanykindsofbooksinthelibraryandyoucanchoose________youlike.

A．howeverB．wheneverC．whoeverD．whatever24.（2020·江蘇無錫）—Youpromisedthatyou________metoDisneyland,Dad.—Well,Idid,dear.Butwehavetochangetheplan.

A．willtakeB．wouldtakeC．hastakenD．hadtaken25.（2021·內(nèi)蒙古莫力達(dá)瓦·一模）Wedidn’tknow__________tovisitourschool.

A．whendidhecomeB．whenhewascomingC．whenwouldhecomeD．whenheiscoming26.（2020·遼寧朝陽）—Whatdidtheheadmasteraskyouafterthemeeting?—Heaskedme________.

A．whatIdofortheprojectlastweek B．ifcanIfinishtheworkontimeC．howdidIdealwiththeproblem D．whyIwaslateforthemeeting27.（2020·黑龍江）Thepolicemanaskedthelittleboyif________hishome.

A．hecouldfindB．couldhefindC．hecanfind28.（2021·福建石獅·一模）—Whodidyoutalkwith?—Mymom.Shecalledtocheck__________.

A．whatwearedoingB．whenwouldwestartC．whethereverythingwasOK29.（2021·天津紅橋·三模）—WhatdidMiss.Zhangsayjustnow?—Shesaidthattheearth________roundthesun.

A．goB．goesC．goingD．willgo30.（2021·福建·模擬預(yù)測）Johntoldhislittledaughtertheearth________fromthewesttotheeast.

A．movedB．movingC．moves31.（2020·內(nèi)蒙古興安盟）—Whatdidyoulearningeographyclassyesterday?—Ilearnedthatthesun________intheeast.

A．wasrisingB．risesC．roseD．hasrisen32.（2021·廣西北?！ひ荒＃狫ack,myfathertoldmethatlight__________fasterthansound.Doyouth