分詞作狀語用法

分詞作狀語用法是所有分詞用法中最重要的，也是最難掌握的。分詞在句中作狀語時，其邏輯主語必須是句子的主語。一、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語一、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表主動、進行，相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句，根據(jù)需要可以使用被動式或完成式。Studyingatthehometown,Ienjoyedthehappiesttimeduringmylife.Beingill,shecan'tgotoworktoday.Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandjumping.Hesentmeane-mail, togetfurtherinformation.A.hoped B.hoping C.tohope D.hopeSuddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage thegirlandtookheraway, intothewoods.A.seizing;disappeared B.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearing D.seized;disappearing二、現(xiàn)在分詞的時態(tài)語態(tài).現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式由“動詞+ing”構(gòu)成，其被動式為“being+動詞過去分詞”。例如：ThestudentsstandingtherearefromClassThree.TheEnglishnovelbeingtranslatedbytheeditornowwillbecompletedinOctober..現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式由“having+動詞過去分詞”構(gòu)成，其被動式為“having+been+動詞過去分詞”。例如：Havingfinishedallthework,theyhadagoodrest.Havingbeengiventherightanswer,theteacheraskedmetositdown.Givenmoretime,wewillfinishtheworkintime..現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式為“not+動詞-ing”，被動式的否定式為“not+being+動詞過去分詞”，其完成式的否定式為“not+having+動詞過去分詞”。例如：Notknowingwhattodo,hesattherecrying.Notbeingnoticedbythepublic,theyoungwriterfeltalittlepity. fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.A.SufferedB.SufferingC.HavingsufferedD.BeingsufferedA.SufferedB.SufferingC.HavingsufferedD.BeingsufferedFindinghercarstolen, .B.theareawassearchedthoroughlyD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp表被動。B.theareawassearchedthoroughlyD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp表被動。C.itwaslookedforeverywhere二、過去分詞作狀語過去分詞只有一種形式，即doneThemothercamein,followedbyherson.Whenheated，waterwillbeturnedintosteam.Deeplymovedbythefilm,weallcried.Bornintoapoorfamily,hehadnomorethantwoyearsofschooling.fromthetopoftheTVtower,andwecangetabeautifulsightofmostofthecity.A.ToseeB.SeenC.Seeing D.See in1613,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStated.A.beingfoundedB.FoundedC.ItwasfoundedD.Founding三、過去分詞與V-ing作狀語的區(qū)別分詞在句中作狀語時，其邏輯主語必須是句子的主語。V-ing表示主動、進行的動作；2.過去分詞表示被動。Seenfromadistance,themountainlookedlikeanelephant.Seeingthemountain,healwaysthinksofhischildhood. inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.Towait B.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited aloneinthedarkroom,thelittleboywassofrightenedastocry.A.LeavingB.LeftC.TobeleftD.Havingleftbythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarms.A.AttractingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.HavingattractedThechildrenranoutoftheroom, .AlaughedandjumpedBTolaughandjumpClaughingandjumpingDlaughandjump用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 (see)fromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksbeautifultous. (give)time,he’llmakeafirstclasstennisplayer. (look)outofthewindow,Ifoundmanychildrenplayingontheplayground.3、連詞+分詞做狀語：分詞做狀語常和某些連詞連用，表示分詞是做什么狀語，常見的和分詞連用的連詞有When,because,if,though,once,unless等。Generallyspeaking, accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.WhentakingB.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetaken,thisfilmcanneverbeenforgotten.AOnceseeingBoncehavingseenCOnceseenDOncetosee四、分詞作狀語相當(dāng)于狀語從句分詞在句中作狀語時,其邏輯主語必須是句子的主語。一、用作時間狀語，分詞(短語)用作時間狀語通常可轉(zhuǎn)換成由when,while,after,before等引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。典型例句Seeingthecat,themouseranoff.=When[Assoonas]themousesawthecat,itranoff.高考實例When differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.A.comparedB.beingcomparedC.comparingD.havingcompared二、用作原因狀語，分詞(短語)用作原因狀語通?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成由as,because,since,nowthat等引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句。Beingveryweak,shecouldn'tmove.=Asshewasveryweak,shecouldn’tmove. withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.A.BlamingB.BlamedC.ToblameD.Tobeblamed三、用作條件狀語，分詞(短語)用作條件狀語通?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成由從屬連詞if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。典型例句Workinghard,youwillsucceed.=Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.Givenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.=Ifwehadbeengivenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter. time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given四、用作讓步狀語，分詞(短語)用作讓步狀語通?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成由從屬連詞though,although,nomatter…等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。Althoughlivingmilesaway,heattendedthecourse.=Althoughhelivedmilesaway,heattendedthecourse.Defeated,heremainedapopularboxer.=Thoughthewasdefeated,heremainedapopularboxer.Nomatterhowfrequently ,theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.A.performed B.performingC.tobeperformedD.beingperformed五、用作伴隨狀語，表示的動作伴隨句子謂語動作同時發(fā)生，即句子謂語所表示的動作為主要動作，分詞短語所表示的動作伴隨性的次要動作。典型例句Hesatinthechairreadinganewspaper.Don'tyousittheredoingnothing.Hecamein,followedbyhiswife.Don’tsitthere nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.A.doB.todoC.doingD.anddoingMycousincametoseemefromthecountry, meafullbasketoffreshfruits.A.broughtB.bringingC.tobringD.hadbroughtWheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass,hewouldanswercarelessly,always thesamething.A.sayingB.saidC.tosayD.havingsaidWeoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys,footballsorbasketballs, thatallchildrenlikethesethings.A.thinkingB.thinkC.tothinkD.thought六、用作結(jié)果狀語，分詞(短語)用作結(jié)果狀語時，通常可轉(zhuǎn)換成并列句。典型例句Hedied,leavinghiswifewithfivechildren.=Hediedandlefthiswifewithfivechildren.Heglancedoverather, thatthoughshewastiny,sheseemedverywellputtogether.A.notingB.notedC.tonoteD.havingnotedOilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear, arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.A.havereached B.reachingC.toreach D.tobereaching課后練習(xí)題 aloneinthedarkroom,thelittleboywassofrightenedastocry.A.LeavingB.LeftC.TobeleftD.Havingleft in