2022-2023學(xué)年北京市東城區(qū)高一（上）期末英語試卷（附答案詳解）VIP

2022.2023學(xué)年北京市東城區(qū)高一（上）期末英語試卷MyfamilymovedtoPerth,AustraliawhenIwassix.Onthefirstdayofschool,Iwas(1)becauseIcouldn'tevensayhelloinEnglish.ThenImetNatsumi.HerfamilyhadjustmovedtoAustraliafromJapan.UnabletospeakawordofEnglish,wecouldonly⑵throughbodylanguage,butthisdidnotstopusfrombecomingfast⑶.MymumhasaclearmemoryofonecartripwhenNatsumiandIweresittinginthebackseat,laughingandtalkingtoeachotherinbrokenEnglish.ltwasthefirsttimeIfelt(4)enoughtospeakthefewwordsIhadlearnedthroughouttheyear.Unfortunately,attheendofthatyear,Natsumi'sfamilymovedtoQueenslandandminetoNewSouthWales.Welost(5).Yearslater,Iwentintotrainingasateacher,teachingEnglishtoncwly-arrivcdstudentsandadults.ManyofmystudentswereJapanese,which⑹meofNatsumi.ThoughIhadlongbeenlookingforher,mysearcheshadsofarlednowhere.OnavisittoJapanin2018,I⑺again.Havingspentalongnightonline,IcameacrosssomeonenamedNatsumi.Tryingmyluck,1sentheramessage.Thenextday,therewasa(8)；"Gabi?GabifromPerth?Weagreedonadaleandmetupfordinner.Seeingheragainwas(9).However,thistime,wewerenotonlyabletocommunicatewithoneanotherinEnglish,but(10)so.1.A.angryB.frightenedC.excitedD.curious2.A.exploreB.improveC.studyD.communicate3.A.friendsB.roommatesC.advisersD.travellers4.A.shockedB.confidentC.upsetD.calm5.A.heartB.hopeC.interestD.touch6.A.warnedB.remindedC.informedD.freed7.A.appliedB.(rackedC.triedD.failed8.A.replyB.tipC.contactD.sign9.A.awkwardB.impossibleC.attractiveD.unbelievable10.A.honestlyB.peacefullyC.fluentlyD.politely11.AGoingfromjuniorhighschooltoseniorhighschoolisareallybigchallcnge.Thefirstweekwasalittle(1)(confuse).First,1hadtothinkverycarefullyaboutwhichcoursesIwantedtotakc.Thc答案和解析1~10.【答案】B、D、A、B、D、B、C、A、D、C【解析】(1)考查形容詞及語境理解。A.angry憤怒的;B.frightened害怕的;C.excited激動的；D.curious好奇的。上學(xué)的第一天，我很害怕，因?yàn)槲疑踔敛粫糜⒄Z打招呼。根據(jù)下文becauselcouldn'tevensayhelloinEnglish可知作者是"害怕的"。故選B。(2)考杳動詞及語境理解。A.explore探索；B.improve改進(jìn)；C.sludy學(xué)習(xí)，研究；D.communicate溝通，交流。我們一句英語都不會說，只能通過肢體語言交流，但這并不能阻止我們成為好朋友。故選D。(3)考查名詞及語境理解。A.friends朋友；B.roommates室友;Cadvisers顧問；D.travellers旅行者。我們一句英語都不會說，只能通過肢體語言交流，但這并不能阻止我們成為好朋友。根據(jù)下文laughingandtalkingtoeachotherinbrokenEnglish可知是成為好朋友。故選A。(4)考查形容詞及語境理解。A.shocked震驚的；B.confidenl有信心的；C.upset沮喪的；D.cahn平靜的。這是我第一次有足夠的信心說出我一整年所學(xué)的幾個(gè)單詞。根據(jù)上文laughingandtalkingtoeachotherinbrokenEnglish可知是"自信的"。故選B。(5)考查名詞及語境理解。A.hcart心臟；B.hope希望；C.intcrest興趣，利息；D.touch聯(lián)系，觸摸。我們失去聯(lián)系。根據(jù)上文Unfortunately,attheendofthatyear,Natsumi'sfamilymovedtoQueenslandandminetoNewSouthWales.可知是失去聯(lián)系。故選D。(6)考查動詞及語境理解。A.wamed警告;B.reminded提醒；C.informed通知;D.freed釋放。我的許多學(xué)生都是日本人，這讓我想起了Nalsumi。remindsbofsth：使某人想起某事。故選B。(7)考查動詞及語境理解。A.applied應(yīng)用;Bracked跟蹤;C.tried嘗試;D.failed失敗。在2018年訪問0本時(shí)，我再次嘗試。根據(jù)下文Havingspentalongnightonline,IcameacrosssomeonenamedNatsumi可知是"嘗試二故選C?(8)考查名詞及語境理解。A.reply回復(fù),答復(fù)；B.tip小費(fèi),建議；C.contaci聯(lián)系;D.sign標(biāo)志。第二天，有人回復(fù)："加比?來自珀斯的加比?”根據(jù)上文Tryingmyluck,Isentheramessage.可知是”回亞，故選A。(9)考查形容詞及語境理解。A.awkward笨拙的；B.impossible不可能的;C.atlraciive有吸引力的；D.unbelievable難以置信的。再次見到她令人難以置信。故選D。(10)考查副詞及語境理解。A.honestly誠實(shí)地；B.peacefully和平地；C.fluently流利地；D.politely禮貌地。然而，這一次，我們不僅能夠用英語交流，而且能夠流利地交流。根據(jù)上文Yearslaler,Iwentintotrainingasateacher,teachingEnglishtonewly-arrivedstudentsandadults可知是"流利地”。故選C。本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者是如何在異國交到好朋友并且多年后重遇好友的。近幾年高考試題中的完形填空有新的變化，試題所涉及的知識面不斷拓寬，綜合難度不斷提高。做完形填空首先要通讀全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有許多空格，所以，必須先通讀一至兩遍，才能大概了解文章的內(nèi)容。千萬不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。選擇答案時(shí)，要考慮整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，包括搭配、時(shí)態(tài)、語法等。答案全填完后，再通讀一遍文章，檢查是否通順流暢，用詞得當(dāng)，意思正確。11.【答案】【小題1]confusing【小題2】but【小題3】because/as/for【小題4】who/that【解析】（1）考查形容詞。句意：第一周有點(diǎn)混亂。分析句子可知，空處填形容詞作表語，表示"令人困惑的，混亂的"用ing結(jié)尾的形容詞，故填confusing。（2）考查連詞。句意：我知道中文是一門很難的語言，但我希望畢業(yè)時(shí)能說流利。前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用but連接，故填but。（3）考查原因狀語從句。句意：我的導(dǎo)師建議我報(bào)名高級文學(xué)。因?yàn)槲蚁矚g英語，而且我擅長英語。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)狀語從句，表示原因，故填because/as/for。（1）考查定語從句。句意：這位被稱為“飛人喬丹”的球員用他優(yōu)雅的動作和跳躍改變了籃球。先行詞為人，在定語從句中作主語，故填who/lhal。（2）考查可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：喬丹的技術(shù)令人印象深刻，但他所表現(xiàn)出的精神力量使他獨(dú)一無二。作主語，謂語為were,所以用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填skills。（3）考查介詞。句意：喬丹說他成功的秘訣是從失敗中吸取教訓(xùn)。learnfrom”從……中學(xué)習(xí)”，為固定搭配，故填froirio（1）考查定語從句。句意：本周早些時(shí)候襲擊古巴的強(qiáng)風(fēng)暴“伊恩”颶風(fēng)在佛羅里達(dá)州西海岸登陸前升級為強(qiáng)風(fēng)暴。先行詞為apowerfulstonm指物，在定語從句中作主語，故填that/which。（2）考查動詞時(shí)態(tài),句意：自災(zāi)難發(fā)生以來，至少有125人死亡，其中佛羅里達(dá)州120人，北卡羅來納州5人。該空在句中作謂語動詞，由"sincethedisasterh叩pened"可知，時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故填havebeendead。（3）考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：百分之九十的邁爾斯堡海灘被它摧毀了。描述過去的事情，所以用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，主語NinetypercentofFortMyersBeach和destroy之間是被動關(guān)系，所以要用一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)，百分?jǐn)?shù)后面所接的名詞為單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，在句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞則用第三人稱單數(shù)，故填wasdestroyedo（4）考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：現(xiàn)在，救援人員日夜努力工作，以確保人們的安全。根據(jù)時(shí)間提示詞"Rightnow"可知，時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，主語為名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填areworking。這是三個(gè)片段。A這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者剛進(jìn)入高中后關(guān)于選科的一些經(jīng)歷和想法。B本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了“飛人”喬丹的故事。C這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要介紹了“伊恩”咫風(fēng)所造成的的損害。做本題的關(guān)鍵是在理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上，靈活運(yùn)用所學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)知識。本類型的題目常考到的知識點(diǎn)有：固定的短語，詞類的轉(zhuǎn)換，名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，副詞以及祈使句的用法等。因此，這就需要在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中，牢固掌握各語言點(diǎn)及一些語法知識。12?14.【答案】C、D、C［解析］（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Highlights部分中的PrivateGuidedTourforphotographylovers（攝影愛好者私人導(dǎo)游）可知，這個(gè)旅行適合喜歡拍照的人。故選C。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Itinerary部分中的Afterashortlunchbreak,walkfor20minutestoNo.2ViewingPlatform,aperfectplaceforawonderfulviewoftheterracesbenealh.（短暫的午休后，步行20分鐘到達(dá)2號觀景臺，這是一個(gè)完美的地方，可以欣賞下面梯田的美景。）可知，2號觀景臺是必去之地。故選D。（3）目的意圖題。根據(jù)TheLongjiRiceTerracesDayTour可知，本文的主要目的是介紹龍脊梯田這個(gè)景點(diǎn)。故選C。本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了龍脊梯田一日游的詳細(xì)信息。1.直接信息題：直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項(xiàng)在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。2.間接信息題：間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時(shí)需要對原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。3.綜合信息題：綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某?句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章取義。15~17.【答案】D、A、A【解析】（1）代詞指代題。根據(jù)第一段Theolderyouget,themoredifficultitistolearnanewlanguage.Butnooneknowsexactlywhatthecutoffpointis—atwhalageitbecomesharder.Inoneofthelargeststudies,researchersfromBoston-baseduniversitiesfoundthatchildrenarcgoodatlearningasecondlanguageupuntiltheageof18,about10yearslaterthanearlierthought.Butthestudyalsoshowedthatitisbesttostartbyage10ifyouwanttoachievethegrammaticalfluencyofanativespeaker.（年齡越大，學(xué)習(xí),門新語言就越困難。但沒有人確切知道什么是截止點(diǎn)，什么年齡的學(xué)習(xí)會變得更困難。在一項(xiàng)最大的研究中，波士頓大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，孩子們在18歲之前都很擅長學(xué)習(xí)第二語言，比之前的想法晚了大約10年。但研究還表明如果你想達(dá)到母語者的語法流利程度，從10歲開始。）劃線詞所在的句子Tosolve,theresearchteamcollecteddataonaperson'sage,languagelevelandtimestudyingEnglish.（為了解決這個(gè)問題,研究團(tuán)隊(duì)收集了一個(gè)人的年齡、語言水平和學(xué)習(xí)英語的時(shí)間的數(shù)據(jù)。）可知?jiǎng)澗€詞意思是”在什么時(shí)期人們可以學(xué)好一門新語言”。故選D。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Al18,kidstypicallygraduatefromhighschoolandstartcollegeorentertheworkforcefull-time.Oncetheydo,theymaynolongerhavethetime,opportunitytostudyasecondlanguage.（18歲時(shí),孩子通常從高中畢業(yè)，開始上大學(xué)或全職工作。一旦他們畢業(yè)，他們可能就沒有時(shí)間和機(jī)會學(xué)習(xí)第二語言。）可知人們的語言學(xué)習(xí)能力在18歲時(shí)下降是因?yàn)樗麄儧]有良好的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境。故選A。（3）目的意圖題。閱讀全文以及根據(jù)最后一段AlthoughthestudywasconductedonlyinEnglish,theresearchersbelievethefindingswilltransfertootherlanguagesandtheyaredevelopingsimilartestsforSpanishandMandarin（盡管這項(xiàng)研究僅用英語進(jìn)行，但研究人員相信，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)將轉(zhuǎn)移到其他語言，他們正在開發(fā)類似的西班牙語和普通話測試。）可知本文主要解釋了一種發(fā)現(xiàn)：學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言的能力在18歲之前最強(qiáng)。故選A。本文主要解釋了一種發(fā)現(xiàn)：學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言的能力在18歲之前最強(qiáng)。閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏楫推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。18~20.【答案】C、A、B【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段DavidEvans,（hedirectoroftheNationalScienceTeachersAssociation,arguesthatstudentsshouldbegiventhechance（odissectanimalsintheclassroom.Studentslearnbestinahands-onenvironmentwheretheycanworktogethertoexploreanderactingwithorganisms（生物）isaneffectivewaytohelpstudentsdevelopskillsofobservationandcomparisonandlearntheuniquestructures（結(jié)構(gòu)）andprocessesoforganisms.Asgoodasmanymodelsorsimulationsmightbe,theyareverydifferentfromrealorganisms.Andhebelievestheyfallshortofproducing（herespectforlivingthingsthatconiesfromtheactualdissectionexperience.（美國國家科學(xué)教師協(xié)會（NationalScienceTeachersAssociation）主席大衛(wèi)?埃文斯（DavidEvans）認(rèn)為，應(yīng)該給學(xué)生在課堂上解剖動物的機(jī)會。學(xué)生們在動手的環(huán)境中學(xué)習(xí)得最好，在那里他們可以一起探索和發(fā)現(xiàn)。與生物互動是幫助學(xué)生培養(yǎng)觀察和比較技能并學(xué)習(xí)獨(dú)特結(jié)構(gòu)的有效途徑以及生物的過程。盡管許多模型或模擬可能很好，但它們與真實(shí)的生物非常不同。他認(rèn)為，這些模型和模擬無法產(chǎn)生對生物的尊重，而這種尊重來自于實(shí)際的解剖體驗(yàn)。）可知Evans同意：解剖動物有助于人們尊重動物。故選C。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段JonathanBalcombe,abiologistandalife-longanimalrightssupporter,says,"Ispentmanyyearsasabiologylableacher.IrememberthehorriblefeelingIhadwhenitcamelimeformyclasstodissectanimals.Thelessonrequired（hatstudentscutopenandexaminedeadfrogs>fetalpigs>sparrows,andothercreatures.Ifeltpityfortheseanimals,whoprobablysufferedbeforebeingkilled.（生物學(xué)家、終身動物權(quán)利支持者喬納森?巴爾科姆（JonathanBalcombc）表示“我做了很多年的生物實(shí)驗(yàn)室老師。我記得我上課解剖動物時(shí)的那種可怕的感覺。課上要求學(xué)生剖開尸體，檢杳死青蛙、豬胎、麻雀和其他生物。我對這些動物感到同情，他們可能在被殺前就遭受了痛苦。）可知巴爾科姆認(rèn)為解剖動物會給動物帶來痛苦。故選A。（3）主旨大意題。閱讀全文以及根據(jù)第二段DavidEvans,thedirectorof（heNationalScienceTeachersAssociation,argues（hatstudentsshouldbegiven（hechance（odissectanimalsintheclassroom.Studentslearnbestinahands-onenvironmentwheretheycanworktogethertoexploreanderactingwithorganisms（生物）isaneffectivewaytohelpstudentsdevelopskillsofobservationandcomparisonandlearntheuniquestructures（結(jié)構(gòu)）andprocessesoforganisms.Asgoodasmanymodelsorsimulationsmightbe,theyareverydifferentfromrealorganisms.Andhebelievestheyfallshortofproducingtherespectforlivingthingsthatconiesfromtheactualdissectionexperience.（美國國家科學(xué)教師協(xié)會（NationalScienceTeachersAssociation）主:席大衛(wèi)?埃文斯（DavidEvans）認(rèn)為，應(yīng)該給學(xué)生在課堂上解剖動物的機(jī)會。學(xué)生們在動手的環(huán)境中學(xué)習(xí)得最好，在那里他們可以一起探索和發(fā)現(xiàn)。與生物互動是幫助學(xué)生培養(yǎng)觀察和比較技能并學(xué)習(xí)獨(dú)特結(jié)構(gòu)的有效途徑以及生物的過程。盡管許多模型或模擬可能很好，但它們與真實(shí)的生物非常不同。他認(rèn)為，這些模型和模擬無法產(chǎn)生對生物的尊重，而這種尊重來自于實(shí)際的解剖體驗(yàn)。）可知本文主要講述了解剖的必要性。故選B。本文主要講述了解剖的必要性。閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。21?25.【答案】C、D、G、B、A［解析］（I）推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Doyoureyesfeeluncomforlableordry?Ifso>youmighthavedryeyesyndrome（綜合征）.（你的眼睛感到不舒服或干燥嗎如果是這樣，你可能患有干眼癥。）以及下文Itcanaffect（heenjoymentofsocialactivitiesandyourabilitytofocusonyourstudies.（它會影響社交活動的樂趣和你專注于學(xué)習(xí)的能力。）可知，C項(xiàng)”當(dāng)你沒有產(chǎn)生足夠的眼汨時(shí)，就會發(fā)生這種情況?！背猩蠁⑾拢险Z境。故選C。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文Asaresult,thosewhospendalotoftimeindoorsareparticularlyatrisk.（因此，那些長時(shí)間呆在室內(nèi)的人尤其危險(xiǎn)。）可知，D項(xiàng)”空調(diào)和風(fēng)扇也會導(dǎo)致干眼癥?！币鹣挛?，符合語境。故選D。（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)下文Thefirststeptowardpreventioniscleanliness.（預(yù)防和治療干眼癥只需要改變一些生活方式。）可知，本段主要講預(yù)防的方式方法。G項(xiàng)”只要改變一下生活方式，就可以預(yù)防和治療干眼癥。能夠概括段落大意，符合語境。故選G。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文Whileyou'reonacomputerbreak,focusonblinking,makingsurethatyoucloseyoureyesfullyoneachblink.（當(dāng)你在電腦前休息時(shí)，注意眨眼，確保每次眨眼時(shí)都完全閉上眼睛。）可知，B項(xiàng)”眨眼有助于保護(hù)眼睛表面?！背猩蠁⑾拢险Z境。故選B0（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文However,iftheproblemdoesn'tgoaway,[henit'stimetoseeadoctor.（然而，如果問題沒有解決，那么是時(shí)候去看醫(yī)生了。）可知，A項(xiàng)”畢竟，你的健康值得關(guān)注。”總結(jié)上文，符合語境。故選A。木文是一篇說明文。介紹了干眼癥的病因及方法。七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個(gè)選詞，一個(gè)選句子。解題時(shí)，要注意上卜.文語境，充分考慮信息詞（選項(xiàng)中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語境的句子。26.【答案】【小題1]major【小題2】obviously【小題3】demand【小題4】rescue【小題5】strategy【解析】（1）考查形容詞。句意：糖是牙痛的主要原因。根據(jù)句意，結(jié)合名詞cause可知，此處缺少形容詞修飾名詞cause,major"主要的"符合語境。故填major。（2）考查副詞。句意：那男孩哭了，顯然很難過。obviously"明顯地"符合語境。故填obviously。（3）考查動詞。句意：這些運(yùn)動需要速度和力量。分析可■知，此處在句中作謂語，主語Thesesports是復(fù)數(shù)，結(jié)合句意應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，demand”要求"符合語境。故填demand。（4）考查動詞。句意：這位女士試圖從大火中救出她的兒子。分析可知，trylodoslh.,故填動詞原形，rescue"挽救，拯救"符合語境。故填rescue。（5）考查可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)。句意：我們必須制定一項(xiàng)戰(zhàn)略來解決這個(gè)問題。根據(jù)句意結(jié)合a可知，此處填可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)，sirategy”策略”符合語境。故填strategy。（1）糖是牙痛的主要原因。（2）那男孩哭了，顯然很難過。（3）這些運(yùn)動需要速度和力量。（4）這位女士試圖從大火中救出她的兒子。（5）我們必須制定一項(xiàng)戰(zhàn)略來解決這個(gè)問題。如何做選詞填空.根據(jù)語法，判斷詞性一般的空缺都可以通過其所在的句式結(jié)構(gòu)和句法成分來判斷其詞性，從而正確的選詞，進(jìn)一步縮小詞的選擇范圍。.利用語境，確定詞形當(dāng)確定了一個(gè)單詞的詞性后，可通過上下文來幫助判斷其形式，如動詞的人稱數(shù)，時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)，固定短語；名詞的數(shù)和所有格，形容詞，副詞的比較級等。.【答案】【小題1]addictedto【小題2]inruins【小題3】lookingforwardto【小題4]lakecontrolof【小題5]applyfor【解析】（1）考查固定短語。句意：邁克沉迷于電腦游戲。根據(jù)句意可知表示“沉迷于“，用固定短語beaddictedlo,故填addicledlo。（2）考查介詞短語。句意：地震后，整個(gè)城市都成了廢墟。根據(jù)句意可知表示“成了廢墟”，用固定短語inruins,故填inruinso（3）考查動詞短語。句意：我們真的很期待再次見到你。根據(jù)句意可知表示“期待”，用固定短語lookforwardto,are后用現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，故填lookingforward（o?（4）考查動詞短語。句意：鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)句意可知表示“控制"，用固定短語takecontrolof,arcencouragedto后用動詞原形，故填takecontrolof。（5）考查動詞短語。句意：凱特計(jì)劃去冰島度假。她很快就會申請簽證。根據(jù)句意可知表示”申請"，用固定短語applyfor,will后用動詞原形，故填applyfor。（1）邁克沉迷于電腦游戲。（2）地震后，整個(gè)城市都成了廢墟。（3）我們真的很期待再次見到你。（4）鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)。（5）凱特計(jì)劃去冰島度假。她很快就會申請簽證。選擇合適的單詞或者短語主要的依據(jù)是句子的含義，我們往往會根據(jù)空格前后的句子，短語和單詞來選出合適的短語；同時(shí)還要注意使用短語的正確形式，特別是動詞短語，首先要判斷是做謂語還是非謂語，如果是謂語動詞要注意時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)，如果是非謂語動詞，要注意判斷所做的句子成分，從而選用正確的非謂語動詞的形式。.【答案】【小題1]anangements【小題2】injury【小題3]creative【小題4]confidence【小題5]powerful【解析】（I）考查可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：你安排好旅行了嗎？分析可知此處缺少名詞，結(jié)合前面的all可知，填可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填arrangementso（2）考查不可數(shù)名詞。句意：兩名球員因傷退出了球隊(duì)。根據(jù)前面的介詞。f可知，此處填名詞作賓語，injure的名詞形式是injury,此處injury是抽象名詞,不可數(shù)，故填injury。（3）考查形容詞。句意：那個(gè)創(chuàng)意發(fā)明家設(shè)計(jì)了一種新型機(jī)器。修飾后文名詞inventor應(yīng)用形容詞，且結(jié)合句意表示"創(chuàng)意的"，故填creative。（4）考查不可數(shù)。句意：我覺得我做得很好，我的信心開始增強(qiáng)。根據(jù)句意結(jié)合my可知，填名詞，confidence不可數(shù)名詞，故填confidenceo（5）考查形容詞。句意：運(yùn)動員應(yīng)該有強(qiáng)健的身體和堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的頭腦。修飾后文名詞body應(yīng)用形容詞，且結(jié)合句意表示"強(qiáng)健的"，故填powerful。（1）你安排好旅行了嗎？（2）兩名球員因傷退出了球隊(duì)。（3）那個(gè)創(chuàng)意發(fā)明家設(shè)計(jì)了一種新型機(jī)器。（4）我覺得我做得很好，我的信心開始增強(qiáng)。（5）運(yùn)動員應(yīng)該有強(qiáng)健的身體和堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的頭腦。如何做選詞填空】?根據(jù)語法，判斷詞性一般的空缺都可以通過其所在的句式結(jié)構(gòu)和句法成分來判斷其詞性，從而正確的選詞，進(jìn)一步縮小詞的選擇范圍。.利用語境，確定詞形當(dāng)確定了一個(gè)單詞的詞性后，可通過上下文來幫助判斷其形式，如動詞的人稱數(shù)，時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)，固定短語；名詞的數(shù)和所有格，形容詞，副詞的比較級等。.［答案］【小題1］Thekeythingtorememberisthatyoucreateyourownstoryandsuccessinlife.［小題2］Peoplewilldislikeme/youandwillnotwanttobearoundmc/you.［小題3］Youwillfeelsad.Accordingto(hepassage,youwillfeelsadbecausethinkingtoomuchcanleadyounottotakeactiononyourgoal.【小題4]Simplifythechallengeyou'refacingbybreakingitdownintosteps.Asyougetthrougheachstep,youdevelopconfidenceandfinallyyouwillgetitdone.【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Thekeythingtorememberisthatyoucreateyourownstoryandsuccessinlife.（關(guān)鍵是要記住你倉U造了自己的故事和人生的成功。）可知，如果你想停止與他人比較你的生活方式的關(guān)鍵是記住你創(chuàng)造了自己的故事和人生的成功。故答案為Thekeythingtorememberisthatyoucreateyourownstoryandsuccessinlife.（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句Themoreyoublameothersforthechallengesyouarefacedwith,themoreyouwillmakepeopledislikeyouandnotwanttobearoundyou.（你越是因?yàn)槟忝媾R的挑戰(zhàn)而責(zé)備別人，你就越會讓人們不喜歡你，不想和你在一起。）可知，如果你把你面臨的挑戰(zhàn)歸咎于他人，人們就會不喜歡你，不想和你在一起。A&Peoplewilldislikeme/youandwillnotwanttobearoundme/you.（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段最后兩句WhenyouIhinkloomuch,youwillhaveaveryhardtimeacceptingrealityandyouwillthinkthatsomethingisnotright.Thinkingtoomuchcanalsoleadyounottotakeactiononyourgoal.Thiscanmakeyoureallysadinthelongrun.（當(dāng)你想得太多的時(shí)候，你會很難接受現(xiàn)實(shí)，你會認(rèn)為有些事情是不對的。想得太多也會導(dǎo)致你沒有對目標(biāo)采取行動。從長遠(yuǎn)來看:這會讓你很難過。）可知，想得太多會導(dǎo)致你沒有對目標(biāo)采取行動，這會讓你很難過，故應(yīng)將題干中的becausethinkingloomuchmakesyourefusetoacceptreality（因?yàn)橄胩鄷屇憔芙^接受現(xiàn)實(shí)）劃線。故答案為Youwillfeelsad.Accordingtothepassage,youwillfeelsadbecausethinkingtoomuchcanleadyounottotakeactiononyourgoal.（4）開放性問題。只要是應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)的方法即可。故答案為Simplifyihechallengeyou'refacingbybreakingitdownintosteps.Asyougetthrougheachstep,youdevelopconfidenceandfinallyyouwillgetitdone.這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了應(yīng)對挑戰(zhàn)的方法。閱讀表達(dá)，要求學(xué)生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)短文后的題目，在文中找到相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，并用簡潔、準(zhǔn)確的句子，將理解的內(nèi)容，書面表達(dá)出來。做題時(shí)，注意表達(dá)的內(nèi)容不要超出規(guī)定的字?jǐn)?shù)。.【答案】DearJim,Ifeelterriblysorrytoknowthatyouarenotsatisfiedwithyourappearance.【高分句型】Iunderstandhowyoufeelnow.Don'tworry.Thesituationiseasytochangeifyoulakemyadviceintoaccount.Herearesomesuggestionsforyou.（表示理解）Ithinkyoushouldstopcomparingyourselfwithothers,especiallystarsandmodels.Stoplookingforthingsthatarewrongwithyourfaceorbody.Youcanmakealistofthethingsyoulikeaboutyourself.Thiswayyouwillfeelpositiveaboutyourselfandyourbody,andbecomehappier.Whynotspendmoretimeexploringyourinterests.【高分句型二】I'msureyourlifewillbeenrichedandyouwillfeelbetteraboutyourself.（提出建議）Hopeyouwillfindmyadviceuseful.Yours,LiHua［解析］高分句型——：Ifeelterriblysonytoknowthatyouarenotsatisfiedwithyourappearance.翻譯：得知你對自己的外表不滿意，我感到非常遺憾。分析：本句使用了（hat引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。高分句型二：Whynotspendmoretimeexploringyourinterests.翻譯：為什么不花更多的時(shí)間探索你的興趣。分析：本句使用了固定搭配whynoldosth譯為"為什么不……書信類作文在寫作時(shí)要注意內(nèi)容是否包含了所有要點(diǎn)。寫作時(shí)注意準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)，上下文意思連貫，符合邏輯關(guān)系，盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞句式，同時(shí)也要注意使用高級詞匯和高級句型使文章顯得更有檔次，平時(shí)需注意積累短語和重要句型。schooladviserhelpedmechoosethesuitableones：maths,English,chemistry,worldhistory,andChinese.IknowthatChineseisaverydifficultlanguage,(2)IhopetobefluentwhenIgraduate.MyadviserrecommendedthatIshouldsignupforadvancedliterature(3)IlikeEnglishandI'mgoodatit.BWhenMichaelJordan'sfeetlefttheground,timeseemedtostandstill.Theplayer(I)becameknownas"AirJordan"changedbasketballwithhisgracefulmovesandjumps.Jordan's(2)(skill)wereimpressive,butthementalstrengththatheshowedmadehimunique.Inthefinalsecondsofagame,Jordanalwaysseemedtofindawaytowin.Jordansaysthatthesecrettohissuccessislearning(3)hisfailures.Losinggamestaughthimtopracticeharderandnevergiveup.CHurricaneIan,apowerfulstorm(1)hitCubaearlierthisweek?grewtoastrongstonnbeforemakinglandfallonFlorida'swestcoast.Atleast125people,including120inFloridaand5inNorthCarolina,⑵(die)sincethedisasterhappened.Lastweek,IansweptsouthwesternFlorida,bringingheavyrainsanddangerousflooding.NinetypercentofFortMyersBeach⑶(destroy)byit.Rightnowrescueworkers(10)(work)harddayandnighttomakesurepeoplearesafe.cTheLongjiRiceTerracesDayTourOveniewPrice：U.S.$128PerPersonTime：EveryDayat8：()0amDuration：9hoursHighlights—PrivateGuidedTourforphotographylovers—Exploretheextremelyattractivericeterraces—ExperiencetheuniquecustomsandlifestyleoflocalZhuangvillage

DescriptionTheLongjiRiceTerracesarethemostamazingterracesinChina.Withahistoryofaround700years>the

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eco-sigh(seeingbustoPing'anVillage.Thenthelourguidewillshowyouaround(hevillage.Lunchison

yourown.Yourexpertguidecangiveyousomeadviceonthefoodchoicesinthevillage.Afterashortlunchbreak,walkfor20minutestoNo.2ViewingPlatform,aperfectplaceforawonderful

viewoftheterracesbeneath.Youwillhaveenoughtimetotakepicturesandenjoythefreshair.OtherservicesOHotelpick-upanddrop-offOPrivateEnglish-speakingguideOPrivatedriver&,air-conditionedvehicleOEntrancefeesto(ouristsitesThetourissuitableforpeoplewholike.A.localfoodB.studyinghistoryC.takingphotosD.cityadventuresWhatinformationcantravellersgetfromtheitinerary?A.Thetourlasts2hours.Lunchisincludedintheprice.Transporttoriceterracesisfree.No.2ViewingPlatformisamust-go.Thepuiposeofthepassageisto.A.giveadviceonhikingB.promoteapackagetourC.introduceatouristattractionD.providegeographicinformationDTheolderyouget,themoredifficultitistolearnanewlanguage.Butnooneknowsexactlywhatthecutoffpointis-atwhatageitbecomesharder.Inoneofthelargeststudies,researchersfromBoston-baseduniversitiesfoundthatchildrenaregoodatlearningasecondlanguageupuntil(heageof18,about10yearslater(hanearlierthought.Butthestudyalsoshowedthatitisbesttostartbyage10ifyouwanttoachievethegrammaticalfluencyofanativespeaker.Tosolve,theresearchteamcollecteddataonaperson'sage?languagelevelandtimestudyingEnglish.Thcycreatedashortonlinegrammarquizcalled"WhichEnglish?"thattestednoun-verbagreement,pronouns,prepositionsandrelativeclauses,amongotherlinguisticelements.Theywantedtofindoutwhenthe"criticalpcriod"forachievingthehighestlevelsofgrammaticalfluencyends.Basedonpeople'sgrammarscoresandinformationabouttheirlearningofEnglish,theresearchersdevelopedmodelstofindouthowlongittakestobecomefluentinalanguageandthebestagetostartlearning.Theyconcludedthattheabilitytolearnanewlanguage,atleastgrammatically,isstrongestuntiltheageof18.Tobecomecompletelyfluent,however,learningshouldstartbeforetheageof10.Therearethreemainideasas(owhylanguage-learningabilityfallsat18：socialchanges,interference(干擾)fromone'sprimaiylanguageandcontinuingbraindevelopment.At18,kidstypicallygraduatefromhighschoolandstartcollegeorentertheworkforcefull-timc.Oncctheydo,theymaynolongerhavethetime,opportunitylostudyasecondlanguage.Ori(ispossiblethatafteronemastersafirstlanguage,itsrulesinterferewiththeabilitytolearnasecondlanguage.Finally,changesinthebrainthatcontinueduringthelateteensandearly20smaysomehowmakelearningharder.Thisisnottosaythatwecannotlearnanewlanguageifwcarcover2O.Thcrcarcmanyexamplesofpeoplewhopickupalanguagelaterinlife.AlthoughthestudywasconductedonlyinEnglish,theresearchersbelievethefindingswilltransfertootherlanguagesandtheyaredevelopingsimilartestsforSpanishandMandarin.InParagraph2,"thisproblem"referslo.atwhatagepeoplecandothequizhowpeopleimprovetheirlanguageskillswhypeoplefindithardtomastergrammarrulesinwhatperiodpeoplecanlearnanewlanguagewellWhydoespeople'slanguage-learningabilityfallat18?Becausetheyhavenogoodlearningenvironment.Becausetheyarebusydevelopingotherlifeskills.Becausetheyneedn'timprovethelanguageability.Becausetheyfocusmoreontheirprimarylanguage.Whydoestheauthorwritethepassage?A.Toexplainafinding.B.Toprovideasolution.C.Toleadadiscussion.D.Tosupportanopinion.EAbout6millionto12millioncreaturesaredissected（解剖）inU.S.classroomseveryyear,accordingtotheNationalAnti-VivisectionSociety,ananimalrightsgroup.Whilemanystudentseagerlylookforwardtothechancetoexaminerealanimalsupclose,otherssaythatthere'snoeducationalvalueincuttingintoanimals'bodies.Shouldstudentsdissectrealanimals?DavidEvans,thedirectoroftheNationalScienceTeachersAssociation,arguesthatstudentsshouldbegiventhechancetodissectanimalsintheclassroom.Studentslearnbestinahands-onenvironmentwheretheycanworktogethertoexploreanderactingwithorganisms（生物）isaneffectivewaytohelpstudentsdevelopskillsofobservationandcomparisonandlearntheuniquestructures（結(jié)構(gòu)）andprocessesoforganisms.Asgoodasmanymodelsorsimulationsmightbe,theyareverydifferentfromrealorganisms.Andhebelievestheyfallshortofproducingtherespectforlivingthingsthatcomesfromtheactualdissectionexperience.JonathanBalcombe,abiologistandalife-longanimalrightssupporter,says,"Ispentmanyyearsasabiologylabteacher.IrememberthehorriblefeelingIhadwhenitcametimeformyclasstodissectanimals.Thelessonrequired（hatstudentscutopenandexaminedeadfrogs?fetalpigs,sparrows,andothercreatures.Ifeltpityfortheseanimals,whoprobablysufferedbeforebeingkilled.AndIknewtheirpaincouldhavebeenavoided.Ifstudentsandteacherssawhowtheseanimalstypicallyendupontheirdesks,Ibelievethatdissectionswouldsoonstop."Hepointsouttherearemanyeffectivechoicesforlearninganimaldissectionandphysiology,including3-Dmodels,videos?andcomputersoftware.HundredsofprogramsarefreethroughlendingserviceslikeTheScienceBank.Thesimulateddissectionscanberepeated,andtheprogramsprovidefeedback.Severalstudieshaveshownthatcomputermodelsandotherchoicesteachstudentsjustaswellasorbetter（hantraditionalanimaldissection.I'mnotsurprisedthatnostaterequiresdissectiontograduatefromhighschool,andnocollegeoruniversitydemandsitaspartoftheadmissionsprocess.Infact,lawsin18U.S.statesandWashington,D.C.supportastudent'srighttouseotherchoices.However,dissectioncouldhavealegalplaceineducationiftheanimalsdidnotsufferandwerenotintentionallykilled.Forexample,someschoolshavestudentsdissectanimalsthat"wereput（osleep"formedicalreasonsandwhosebodiesweredonatedtoscience.WhichofthefollowingmayEvansagreewith?A.Modelsareaseffectiveasactualdissections.Studentsareshortofchancestodissectanimals.Dissectinganimalshelpspeoplerespectcreatures.Studentsbenefitmuchmorewhenlearningingroups.WhatdoweknowaboutBalcombc'sviewondissectinganimals?Itcausespaintoanimals.Itadvancesmedicineresearch.Itshouldbemoreeducational.Itshouldbeputinschoolprograms.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Thenatureofdissection.Thenecessityofdissection.Theresultofdissectinganimals.Theresearchondissectedanimals.KeepSightofDryEyeDoyoureyesfeeluncomfortableordry?Ifso,youmighthavedryeyesyndrome(綜合征).山Itcanaffecttheenjoymentofsocialactivitiesandyourabilitytofocusonyourstudies.Butsolutionsfordryeyesdoexist,soreadon.Inthepast,dryeyesyndromewasmainlyaconditionexperiencedbyolderadults,butitnowaffectsmanyyoungpeopleaswell.Dryeyeoftenresultsfromoveruseofcomputersorsmartphones,whichcausestheusertoblinkless.Sinceblinkinghelpskeepoureyeswet?alack(缺少)ofitcanleadtodryeye.(2)Asaresult,thosewhospendalotoftimeindoorsarcparticularlyat

risk.Finally,wearingamedicalmaskcancausedryeye,sincebreathingwithamaskoncanforceair

outthroughthetopofthemaskandintooureyes.(3)Thefirststeptowardpreventionisclcanliness.Whcnyouwashyourface,cleanyoureyeswithamildsoap.Then,coveryoureyeswithawarm,wetcloth.Preventingdryeyealsomeansavoidingtirednessintheeyes,sotakefrequentbreakswhenusingyourcomputer.Whileyou'reonacomputerbreak,focusonblinking,makingsurethatyoucloseyoureyesfullyoneachblink.(4)Anotherwaytopreventdryeyeistodrinkmorewater.Forgoodoverallhealth,expertsadvisedrinking8to1()glassesofwaterperday?whichwillincreasetearproduction.Ifyousufferfromdryeyesyndrome,thesestepscangoalongwaytowardmakingyoureyesfeelhelter.However,iftheproblemdoesn'tgoaway?thenit'stimetoseeadoctor.(5)A.Afterall,yourhealthisworthkeepinganeyeon.

B.Blinkingcanhelpprotectthesurfaceofyoureyes.

C.Thishappenswhenyoudon'tproduceenough(ears.D.Air-conditioningandfansalsocontributetodryeye.E.Limitscreentimeandtakebreaksfromstaringatscreens.

F.Trcatmcntsfordryeyescanincludeeyeexercisesandeyedrops.

G.AI1ittakesisafewlifestylechangestopreventandtreatdryeyesyndrome.21.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G22.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G23.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G24.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G25.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G26.strategydemandmajorrescueobviouslySugarisacauseoftoothache.Theboywasintearsandveryupset.Thesesportsboths