英語六級作文寫作技巧

1LectureofCET-4/6Writing2LectureArrangement大學(xué)英語六級作文評分原則及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語寫作困境與對策六級寫作中如何選詞六級寫作中如何造句六級作文常用句型六級寫作如何組段歷年作文題型分析寫作小結(jié)3二、大學(xué)英語六級作文評分原則及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)首先，卷面一定要清晰、干凈、整潔。不要亂涂亂畫，若有刪節(jié)，在文字的中間畫道橫線第二，段落按要求寫，要求寫幾段就寫幾段。一般情況下，中間一段長，開首段和結(jié)尾段較短，讓人第一感覺就是內(nèi)容充實(shí)。第三，開好頭，結(jié)好尾。第四，按要求的字?jǐn)?shù)寫，可以比要求的字?jǐn)?shù)稍微多一點(diǎn)。字?jǐn)?shù)少了給人的感覺是缺乏內(nèi)容，字?jǐn)?shù)太多了，文章顯得繁瑣，閱卷老師心理會(huì)煩，你的分?jǐn)?shù)會(huì)受影響。4具體評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：2分――條理不清，思路紊亂，語言支離破碎或大部分句子均有錯(cuò)誤，但多數(shù)為嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。5分――基本切題。表達(dá)思想不清楚，連貫性差。有較多的嚴(yán)重語言錯(cuò)誤。8分－－基本切題。有些地方表達(dá)思想不夠清楚，文字勉強(qiáng)連貫；語言錯(cuò)誤相當(dāng)多，其中有一些是嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤。11分――切題。表達(dá)思想清楚、文字連貫，但有少量語言錯(cuò)誤。14分――切題。表達(dá)思想清楚、文字通順，連貫性較好，基本上無語言錯(cuò)誤，僅有個(gè)別小錯(cuò)誤。②只寫一段者：0～4分；只寫兩段者：0～9分(按規(guī)定寫三段的作文)5三、英語寫作困境與對策一、滔滔不絕“意識(shí)流”有一部分考生在考試時(shí)一見到作文題，便感到很對自己的胃口，覺得有很多內(nèi)容要寫。于是乎千言萬語涌上心頭，寫著前一句想著后一句。往往前句尚未寫完便接上了后一句，辛辛苦苦寫了一大堆（甚至有寫11個(gè)自然段的）猶覺余意未盡。結(jié)果令判卷的老師頭疼不己，無法繼續(xù)往下看。意識(shí)流創(chuàng)作有兩種表現(xiàn)：①自由分段

②語言雜亂7我們不妨把作文的要求量化到每一個(gè)段落：一篇150詞左右的作文一般不會(huì)超過15句話，把這15句話根據(jù)題目要求分配到各段中去，每一段大約只說那么幾句話，絕不多說。事實(shí)上往往是說得越多，錯(cuò)誤越多。因此，跟著提綱走，每一段不要寫得太多，點(diǎn)到為止，見好就收，這才是最穩(wěn)妥的對策。對策:8二、真情流露沒必要考試時(shí)，監(jiān)考老師通常發(fā)現(xiàn)有的考生坐在那里根本就是在玩深沉，他在那里思考人生的偉大哲理；他在那里要想出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，想出一個(gè)理由，想出一個(gè)措施，非要顯得與眾不同。陷入這種境地的考生，顯然犯了一個(gè)根本性的錯(cuò)誤。參考時(shí)間為40分鐘的作文，一般應(yīng)該在35分鐘之內(nèi)完成，再用幾分鐘的時(shí)間檢查語言錯(cuò)誤。不管原因也好，措施也好，某一考生想到的任何一點(diǎn)，很可能命題人早已料到，而且肯定會(huì)被成千上萬的考生重復(fù)無數(shù)遍。因而曾經(jīng)令自己激動(dòng)一時(shí)的想法，在判卷的老師看來全無感覺。規(guī)定式作文的拓展空間本來就非常有限，所以“真情流露”是沒有必要的。9對策：寫作的三個(gè)角度：語言第一位；結(jié)構(gòu)第二位；內(nèi)容第三位要求：結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，語言卓越，內(nèi)容只要相關(guān)即可10三、用詞貧乏，句式單一

許多考生的作文錯(cuò)誤倒不多，相當(dāng)符合語法要求，但用詞貧乏，過多使用如moreandmore,Ithink,asyouknow等表達(dá)，并且句子結(jié)構(gòu)過于簡單。統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果表明，差的作文中簡單句多，而好的作文簡單句少；差的作文從句、連詞、分詞結(jié)構(gòu)出現(xiàn)的頻率大大低于好的作文；差的作文中關(guān)鍵詞和同義表達(dá)出現(xiàn)的頻率低于好的作文。用詞的豐富和句式的多樣應(yīng)該主要通過多看好文章，仔細(xì)琢磨好文章中的用詞和句子來提高。換句話說，也就是要從閱讀中學(xué)習(xí)寫作。11對策:少用垃圾詞匯垃圾詞匯1:help典型例句:I'llhelpyou.替代語accomodateE.g:I"llendeavourtoaccomodateyou.垃圾詞匯2:helpful典型例句:Sthishelpful(tosb)替代語conducive有助于E.gSthisconducivetosb垃圾詞匯3:show典型例句:asitshowsinthepicture替代語betray12垃圾詞匯4:think典型例句:ithink--------替代語deem，harbortheideathat垃圾詞匯5:because典型例句:xxxbecausexxx替代語inthat/inasmuchas垃圾詞匯6:about典型例句:itisabout250timesofthat替代語itisapproximately---垃圾詞匯7:if替代語provided，supposing13六級寫作中如何選詞14ComparetheFollowingSentencesWeshould

use

different

waystogettoknowthesociety.Weoughtto

makeuseof

various

methodstogettoknowthesociety.Wearesupposedto

takeadvantageof

diverse

meanstogettoknowthesociety.15選詞的基本原則盡量用六級范圍內(nèi)的積極的,活躍的，常用的詞或詞組。盡量用表達(dá)最貼切,最生動(dòng),最有力的詞或短語。盡量用最符合所寫話題,所用文體的詞或表達(dá)。16六級考生在措詞方面存在的問題：1、可供“調(diào)遣”的詞匯量貧乏，用詞大部分局限于中學(xué)詞匯。比如，我們一提到“重要的”，大多數(shù)同學(xué)首先會(huì)想到“important”這個(gè)單詞，那么提升一下的話就可以想到它的如下同義詞：significant,vital,crucial,critical，etc172、表達(dá)相近意義時(shí)，常重復(fù)用一個(gè)詞，用詞單調(diào)。Eg.Big

=great,large,huge,vast,titanic,enormousetc.18策略

1、調(diào)動(dòng)大學(xué)期間學(xué)過的更生動(dòng)，更豐富的詞匯表達(dá)意思。Eg.引起、導(dǎo)致Cause,leadto,resultin,bringabout,giverise/birthto192、用具體，生動(dòng)，有針對性的詞語。Eg.利用Use,makeuseof,make(good,effective,wide,wise,full)useofsth,take(full)advantageof203、文中如需要多次表達(dá)同一詞義時(shí)，以同義詞，近義詞等避免重復(fù)使用同一詞。Eg.適應(yīng)…Adaptto,adjustto,make…fit,getusedto,beaccustomedto21實(shí)例賞析22ComputerandIIneverforgettheveryexcitingdaywhenmymotherboughtmeacomputerasbirthdaypresent,whichinterestedmesothatIindulgedmyselfinsearchingalotofusefulinformationIhadexpected,andenjoyedalotofpleasingclassicmusic.ThatnightIwassleepless,feelingthatthewholeworldbelongedtome.23ComputerandIIneverforgettheexceedinglythrillingdaywhenmymotherboughtmeacomputerasbirthdaypresent,whichexertedatremendousfascinationonmesothatIindulgedmyselfingoogling

anarmyofusefulinformationIhadexpected,andenjoyaseaofmelodiousclassicmusic.ThatnightIwassleepless,feelingthatthewholeworldbelongedtome.

24exceedingly替換verythrilling替換excitingsth.exertatremendousfascinationonsb替換sb.beinterestedinsth.google替換searchanarmyof替換alotof

25

Forastart,wecan,freely,searchdesiredinformationatanymoment.Littlebylittle,ourknowledgewillbewellenriched,andourhorizonswillbegreatlybroadened.

Additionally,wecangethugerecreationsonlinebychatting,playinggames,ordeliveringemail.

26Forastart替換TobeginwithWecan,freely,search用了插入語的寫作手法ourknowledgewillbewellenriched,andourhorizonswillbegreatlybroadened.用了非常精彩的被動(dòng)Additionally替換Inaddition/BesidesDeliver替換send

27

Thereisnodenyingthat,however,computerscanfunctioninthedisserviceofhumanbeings,inaway,especiallythegrowingviolence,***,pornpictures,AV-filmsemergingonthescreen,whichleadsquietafewnetcitizenstocopying.

28Thereisnodenyingthat,however,computerscanfunctioninthedisserviceofhumanbeings,這個(gè)句子有三個(gè)精彩之處，首先Thereisnodenyingthat這個(gè)句型，還有however作為插入語，functioninthedisserviceof替換doharmtoEmerging代替appearing(fading代替disappearing)Netcitizen網(wǎng)民，屬于精彩用詞

29

Asaclassicproverbgoesthatnogardenhasnoweeds.Computersdoplayapositiveroleinthedevelopmentofpeople'lives,despiteasliceof

unfavorableimpacts.Weshould,therefore,takeadvantageofthefruitsandavoidtheoppositefacet.

30Nogardenhasnoweeds替換EverycoinhastwosidesComputersdoplay，do強(qiáng)調(diào)Positive替換important/good等Asliceof替換apartofUnfavorable替換badImpacts替換effects/influencesWeshould,therefore,takeadvantageof…使用插入語Fruits(而且fruits用的非常形象，merits/virtues)替換advantage(defects替換disadvantage)Facet替換aspect3129個(gè)最經(jīng)典的替換詞321.individuals,characters,folks代替(people,persons)2.positive,favorable,rosy(美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect,pleasurable,excellent,outstanding代替good3.dreadful,unfavorable,poor,adverse(有害的)代替bad如果bad做表語，可以有belessimpressive代替eg.Anarmyofcollegestudentsindulgethemselvesinplayinggames,enjoyingromancewithgirls/boysorkillingtimepassivelyintheirdorms.Whenitapproachestograduation,asaresult,theyfindtheiracademicrecordsarelessimpressive.334.(anarmyof,anoceanof,aseaof,amultitudeof,many,ifnotmost)代替many.注：用many,ifnotmost一定要小心，many后一定要有詞。Eg.Manyindividuals,ifnotmost,harbortheideathat….同理用most,ifnotall,代替most.5:asliceof,quietafew,several代替some

346:harbortheideathat,taketheattitudethat,holdtheviewthat,itiswidelysharedthat,itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat)替think(因?yàn)槭菚嬲Z，所以要加that)7:affair,business,matter代替thing8:shared代common9.reaphugefruits代替getmuchbenefit10:formypart,frommyownperspective代替inmyopinion3511:Increasingly),growing代替moreandmore。所以當(dāng)修飾名詞時(shí)用increasing/growing.修飾形容詞，副詞用increasingly(注意沒有g(shù)rowingly這種形式.Eg.sthhasgainedgrowingpopularity.Sthisincreasinglypopularwiththeadvancementofsth.12.littleifanything,或littleornothing代替hardly13..benefitialrewarding代替helpful14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser,代替customer15.exceedingly,extremely代替very3616.hardlyunnecessary,hardlyinevitable...代替necessary,inevitable17.sthappealstosb,sthexertsatremendousfascinationonsb代替sbtakeinterestin18.captureone‘sattention代替attractone'sattention.19.facet,dimension,sphere代aspect20.beindicativeof,besuggestiveof,befearfulof代indicate,suggest,fear3721.giveriseto,leadto,resultin,trigger代替cause.22.Thereareseveralreasonsbehindsth代替..reasonsforsth23.desire代替want.24.pourattentioninto代替payattentionto25.bearinmindthat代替remember3826.enjoy,possess代替have(注意process是過程的意思)27.interaction代替communication28.frownonsth代替beagainst,disagreewithsth29.tonameonlyafew,asanexample代替forexample

39六級寫作中如何造句

40善用詞組

如果我們能夠在單詞的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步想到與之同義的詞組，那么文章就會(huì)顯得與眾不同，更具有英語的味道。比如上面所說的“重要的”這個(gè)單詞，當(dāng)我們想到important的時(shí)候，如果從語法角度再稍加考慮一下，我們會(huì)想到“beofimportance”。因?yàn)?，語法中規(guī)定：形容詞等于of加這個(gè)形容詞的名詞形式。如果再提升一步，我們還學(xué)過一個(gè)常用的詞組叫做“playanimportantrolein---”。41句型多樣簡單句，并列句和復(fù)合句交替使用，靈活使用各種句子結(jié)構(gòu)如：插入語，倒裝句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句，非謂語動(dòng)詞，疑問句等。若要寫好作文，要寫好句子，首先要掌握句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句式變化及句子類型，可通過對泛讀課文經(jīng)典句子的背誦提高應(yīng)用語言基本句型的能力。要善于模仿。Imitationisagoodwaytolearn.42適當(dāng)用代替主動(dòng)，這樣能更客觀的反映事實(shí),句子開頭不要總是用we/I(比如寫結(jié)尾時(shí)不用weshouldpayattentionto而用Attentionshouldbepaidto.)舉個(gè)經(jīng)典結(jié)尾2004年六月六級作文的最后一段：Itis,therefore,hightimethatsomeapplicableapproacheswereimplementedbytheserviceindustrylikethat.Thus，itscompetitiveedgewillbesharpenedeffectively.

被動(dòng)句Overthepastcoupleofyears,severalcasesofthefoodscandalhavebeendisclosedonvariousmedia.

Promptandstrictmeasuresshouldbetakentoturnbackthiseviltrend.

Indeed,oneoutoffivestudentsisestimatedtobeinpossessionofatleastonecreditcard,andthefigureisexpectedtobeonthesteadyincrese,

44插入語一種是有兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間引起的成分稱之為插入語第二種是有兩個(gè)半破折號(hào)引起的成分稱之為插入語。Jinan,theSpringCity,isafamoustouristcity.Otherpeoplemaygiveusinstrumentalsupport—financialaid,materialresources,andneededservices—thatreducesstressbyhelpingusresolveandcopewithourproblems.45比如說把副詞、連接詞等，作插入語放在中間，一般放在主語后、動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞前，兩邊分別加上逗號(hào)。如however/therefore/forexample/Ibelieve做插入語放在中間，一般放在動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞前，兩邊分別加上逗號(hào)。比如說：Otherindividuals,however,taketheattitudethat…

46倒裝倒裝是我們寫作中需要用到的。雖然略顯俗套，但是卻是很能滿足閱卷人的主觀感受的。常用的倒裝形式有以下幾種：47Only+時(shí)間狀語Ex:Onlywhenallofusjoinintheeffortsofeliminatingcheatingatalllevelscanweexpecttohaveacleanersocietyandamorebeautifulfuture.Only+介詞詞組Ex:Onlybyplanninghistimecarefullycanheimproveefficiencyandmakeachievements48否定詞位于句首（hardlywhen;never;notonly---,butalso---;seldom，scarcely,rarely）在我一生當(dāng)中很難遇到這樣的人Ex:SeldominmylifehaveImetsuchakind-heartedman.地點(diǎn)方位名詞位于句首

Ex:Innootherplaceintheworldcanonefindsuchenthusiasmforapplyingforhostingthe2008OlympicGames.49修辭

無論是漢語寫作還是英語寫作，修辭其實(shí)非常的重要。它是作者寫作功底具體事例地展現(xiàn)。所謂修辭包括比喻、擬人、排比等等。這里僅舉一個(gè)比喻例子，還是拿“重要的”來舉例。當(dāng)你用完詞組之后，如果你用上下面比喻句子，則文章就會(huì)顯得神采飛揚(yáng)，試比較：50Thebicycleisimportantforus.Thebicycleisofimportanceforus.Thebicycleplaysanimportantroleinourlife.Thebicycle,environmentalfriendlyvehicle,playsanimportantroleinourlife.Thebicycleisliketheair,water,andsunshineandcannotbepartedwithamomentinourlife.51六級作文常用句型

52沒有比…更…的Nothingis+more+形容詞+thanto+V例句：沒有比接受教育更重要的事。Nothingismoreimportantthantoreceiveeducation.53再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)...的重要性也不為過。~~~cannotemphasizetheimportanceof~~~toomuch.例句：我們再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)保護(hù)眼睛的重要性也不為過。Wecannotemphasizetheimportanceofprotectingoureyestoomuch.54不可否認(rèn)的...Thereisnodenyingthat+S+V...例句：不可否認(rèn)的，我們的生活品質(zhì)已經(jīng)每況愈下。Thereisnodenyingthatthequalitiesofourlivinghavegonefrombadtoworse.

55全世界都知道...Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat+句子~~例句：全世界都知道樹木對我們是不可或缺的。Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthattreesareindispensabletous.

56毫無疑問的...Thereisnodoubtthat+句子~~例句：毫無疑問的我們的教育制度令人不滿意。Thereisnodoubtthatoureducationalsystemleavessomethingtobedesired.

57...的原因是...Thereasonwhy+句子~~~isthat+句子例句：我們必須種樹的原因是它們能供應(yīng)我們新鮮的空氣。Thereasonwhywehavetogrowtreesisthattheycanprovideuswithfreshair.Thereasonwhywehavetogrowtreesisthattheycansupplyfreshairforus.

58雖然...Adj+as+Subject（主詞）+be,S+V~~~

例句：雖然我們的國家富有，我們的生活品質(zhì)絕對令人不滿意。Richasourcountryis,thequalitiesofourlivingarebynomeanssatisfactory.

{bynomeans=innoway=onnoaccount一點(diǎn)也不}59愈...愈...The+~er+S+V,~~~the+~er+S+V~~~Moreandmore=anincreasingnumberof例句：你愈努力，你愈進(jìn)步。Theharderyouwork,themoreprogressyoumake.

60我們絕對不能...Onnoaccountcanwe+V~~~

例句：我們絕對不能忽略知識(shí)的價(jià)值。Onnoaccountcanweignorethevalueofknowledge.

61該是...的時(shí)候了Itistime+S+過去式例句：該是有關(guān)當(dāng)局采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧﹣斫鉀Q交通問題的時(shí)候了。

Itistimetheauthoritiesconcernedtookproperstepstosolvethetrafficproblems.62沒有人不...Thereisnoonebut~~~例句：沒有人不渴望上大學(xué)。Thereisnoonebutlongstogotocollege.63不得不...be+forced/compelled/obliged+to+V例句：既然考試迫在眉睫，我不得不放棄做運(yùn)動(dòng)。Sincetheexaminationisaroundthecorner,Iamcompelledtogiveupdoingsports.

64可想而知的、明顯的、顯然的Itisconceivablethat+句子

Itisobviousthat+句子

Itisapparentthat+句子例句：可想而知，知識(shí)在我們的一生中扮演一個(gè)重要的角色。Itisconceivablethatknowledgeplaysanimportantroleinourlife.65過去...年來，...一直...Forthepast+時(shí)間，S+現(xiàn)在完成式...例句：過去兩年來，我一直忙著準(zhǔn)備考試。Forthepasttwoyears,Ihavebeenbusypreparingfortheexamination.

66...是值得的Itpaysto+V~~~例句：幫助別人是值得的。Itpaystohelpothers.

67不遺余力的Sparenoeffortto+V

我們應(yīng)該不遺余力的美化我們的環(huán)境。Weshouldsparenoefforttobeautifyourenvironment.

68讓...明白...事bringhometo+人+事例句：我們應(yīng)該讓人們明白努力的價(jià)值。Weshouldbringhometopeoplethevalueofworkinghard.

69與...息息相關(guān)becloselyrelatedto~~

例句：做運(yùn)動(dòng)與健康息息相關(guān)。Takingexerciseiscloselyrelatedtohealth.70養(yǎng)成...的習(xí)慣Getintothehabitof+Ving；makeitaruleto+V我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成早睡早起的習(xí)慣。

Weshouldgetintothehabitofkeepinggoodhours.

71因?yàn)?..Dueto/Owingto/Thanksto+N/Ving,~~~例句：因?yàn)樗墓膭?lì)，我終于實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢想。Thankstohisencouragement,Ifinallyrealizedmydream.

72令人不滿意Leavemuchtobedesired

例句：我們的交通狀況令人不滿意。Theconditionofourtrafficleavesmuchtobedesired.73對...造成一大威脅Poseagreatthreatto~~例句：污染對我們的生存造成一大威脅。Pollutionposesagreatthreattoourexistence.74盡全力去...doone‘sutmostto+V=doone‘sbest例句：我們應(yīng)盡全力去達(dá)成我們的人生目標(biāo)。Weshoulddoourutmosttoachieveourgoalinlife.75六級寫作如何組段76一篇完整的作文包括三部分：引言，正文和結(jié)論。又稱：三段論。一個(gè)完整的段落包括三部分：主題句，推展句和結(jié)論句。因此，可以說，文章是段落的擴(kuò)展，段落是文章的壓縮。77第一段：[1.現(xiàn)象/現(xiàn)狀說明段][2.圖畫/圖表描述段]第二段：[3.對立觀點(diǎn)陳訴段][4.利弊說明段]

[5.意義闡述段][6.原因列軍段][7.舉例段]第三段：[8.歸納結(jié)論段][9.趨勢預(yù)測段][10建議措施段]10大功能段落—六級作文的三段式結(jié)構(gòu)題型第一段第二段第三段現(xiàn)象解釋型描述現(xiàn)象說明現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因表明個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度或闡述個(gè)人做法對比選擇型表明一方或雙方觀點(diǎn)表明一方的觀點(diǎn)及理由，或指出雙方觀點(diǎn)的不足之處及理由表明個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)或闡述個(gè)人的做法問題解決型提出問題分析問題，給出解決方案表明個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)或闡述個(gè)人的做法應(yīng)用文描述事實(shí)闡述事實(shí)表明觀點(diǎn)或提出建議第一句話：現(xiàn)象寬泛的扣題第一句話通式狀語引入主體時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)大家/越來越多的人sth.很怎樣/越來越條件認(rèn)為有一個(gè)現(xiàn)象1.狀語：a時(shí)間+地點(diǎn)currently/previouslyinChina/inourhighlycivilizedandindustrializedsociety

b條件和伴隨eg：隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展WiththedevelopmentofoursocietyWithoursocietydevelopingincreasinglyfaster2.引入：a大家都認(rèn)為Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthat…b越來越多的人認(rèn)為anincreasingnumberofpeoplemaintain/deem/reckonthat…有一個(gè)廣泛的現(xiàn)象awide-spreadphenomenoninthecontemporarysocietyisthat…3.主體：a語法變難be+adj.=beof+n.isofgreat/increasingsignificance、necessity、popularity、help/use/valueb詞變難用以下牛詞進(jìn)行修飾：adv.veryextremelyextraordinarilytremendouslysignificantlyadj.importantvitalessentialprevalentindispensable第二句話引入“由遠(yuǎn)及近”

1.描述身邊事實(shí)可排比或細(xì)分至不同情況；2.過去對比現(xiàn)在（問題解決型文章專用）inthepast…h(huán)owever，now…；3.舉個(gè)例；4.名人名言（可編造）myprofessoroncetoldusthat…asafamousproverbgoesthat…(3)第三句話中心簡短、強(qiáng)調(diào)

1.關(guān)于這個(gè)問題，不同的人有不同的看法concerningthisquestion,people’sviewpointsdifferdramatically2.因此，如何解決這個(gè)問題成了大家關(guān)心的事therefore,howto…h(huán)asbecomeamatterofconcernformany3.為什么會(huì)有這個(gè)現(xiàn)象呢？大家都關(guān)心其原因whydoes/is…?Everyoneexpressesseriousconcernsforthereasons二段中心句（1）萬能二段開頭A.Thereareseveralpossiblesolutionsthatcanaddressthisdifficulty或reasonsthatcanbeaccountforthisphenomenon或factorsthatmaygiveriseto/contributetothisconsequenceB.The…acknowledgedbymostpeopleareasfollows（2）二段拓展法（虛實(shí)結(jié)合）eg：Tobeginwith,universitycanprovideuswithknowledgeA針對詞的拓展：a主語名詞->并列同功能主語aswellasother+主語的屬性或類別eg：universityaswellassomeotheracademicinstitutions；parentsaswellassomeotherrelativesofus；airplaneaswellassomeotheradvancedtransportationsb謂語前加表示“極其、很”等程度深的adv.如considerably、dramatically等

c賓語前加雙adj.如notonlyadj.butalsoadj.B插入句中的拓展：a主語后加同位語1.大家認(rèn)為它是…eg：university,whichpeopleconsideras…2.屬性+功能eg：university,theplaceforeducatethetalentedpeopleb實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前的萬能插入語：toalargeextend（很大程度上）；directlyorindirectly（直接或間接地）；asamatteroffact（事實(shí)上）如：computers，toalargeextend，influenceourlifec賓語后用非限定性定語從句whichcan/may/willeg：knowledge,whichmayassistusinfindingasuitablejob.

結(jié)尾段：1.我的看法/總結(jié)2.雙原因1)我的看法Ithink替換為inmypointofview；whenitcomestome；asfarasIamconcernedInconclusion替換為toconclude；towrapup2）雙原因（要說出具體的、有說服力的原因）

1.notonly第一個(gè)原因butalso第二個(gè)原因；2….第一個(gè)原因，meanwhile，第二個(gè)原因，consequently，…3….thisislargelyduetothefactthat第一個(gè)原因…，butalsobecause第二個(gè)原因…87作文題型分析1999年:ReadingSelectivelyorExtensively

2000年:IsaTestofSpokenEnglishNecessary?2001年:HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview?2002年、StudentUseofComputers（圖表作文）2003年、ItPaystoBeHonest2004年:ALetterinReplytoaFriend（書信）2005年、ACampaignSpeech(應(yīng)用文)2006年:Anannouncementforavoluntaryprogram（應(yīng)用文）2007年：WelcometoOurClub（應(yīng)用文）2008年：TheProblemsofPlasticBags2009年：FreeAdmissionstoMuseums8905真題透析90ParentsandChildren

Ascanbeseenfromthepicture,anoldmaniscrouchingthere.Thefatherisinragswhilethefourchildrenwearexpensiveclothes.Allofhisfourchildrenregardhimasaballandwanttokickhimoff.Thefourchildrenareallgoodgoalkeepersandsuccessfullykeepthefatheroutsidetheirdoors.Thus,thefatherbecomeshomeless.91

Ascanbeobservedfromthepicture,inthecentreofafootballplaygroundiscrouchinganelderlyman，whoisdressed

inrags,while,instrikingcontrast,thefourchildrenwearexpensivenamebrand.Allofhisfourchildrenreckoningwithhimasaballandwanttokickhimoff.Thefourchildrenareallexcellentgoalkeepersandtriumphantlykeepthefatheroutsidetheirdoors.Thus,thefatherturnsouthomeless.

92論說文現(xiàn)象論說文正反觀點(diǎn)論說文圖表論說文93現(xiàn)象論說文94現(xiàn)象說明文

Nowadays,thenumberof[某種現(xiàn)象]in[某種場合]isontheincrease.Itisestimatedthat[相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)].Whyhavetherebeensomany[某種現(xiàn)象]?Maybethereasonscanbelistedasfollows.Theforemostis[原因一].Besides,[原因二].What’smore,[原因三].Tosumup,themaincauseof[某種現(xiàn)象]isdueto[最主要原因].Itishightimethatsomethingweredoneuponit.Foronething,[解決辦法一].Ontheotherhand,[解決辦法二].Allthesemeasureswillcertainlyreducethenumberof[某種現(xiàn)象].

95正反觀點(diǎn)論說文啟始段

Recently,peopleinincreasingnumberstarttocastlightontheissuethat——.Whilemanypeople,ifnotthemost,takethepositiveviewtowardstheidea/phenomenon，otherpointsofviewcanalsobeheardfromallwalksoflife.Theyinsistthat….主體段

Astheproverbgoes,“Nogardenhasnoweeds”.Inthefirstplace,…Inthesecondplace,…Lastbutnottheleast,…解決段

Confrontingthesituation,itisimperativeforustotakeeffectivemeasuretotackleit.Ontheonehand,strictlawsshouldbemadetopunishthosewho__________.Onetheotherhand,thepublicshouldbeeducated(not)to_______.Onlyinthiswaycanwewitnesstheidealsceneinwhichallthepeoplecanenjoytheirlifetotheutmost.99圖表作文的基本寫作要求充分利用圖表中的信息，把握文字和說明，找出圖表所要表達(dá)的主題。仔細(xì)分析圖表提供的信息加以比較和歸納，選出具有代表意義的信息。避免過多引用。通過對圖表的分析，進(jìn)行概括性的評論（變化趨勢和造成原因）的說明，最后得出結(jié)論。100圖表寫作也屬于說明文的類型，這種文章通常結(jié)構(gòu)是：Paragraph1change(變化)Paragraph2reasonsorimplication(原因或意義)Paragraph3conclusion(effects;implication)(結(jié)論)101慣用表達(dá)和句型Fromthetable/graph,itisobvious/apparentthatthenumberofXXXXhasbeenonthedecline/increaseoverthepastfewyears.Thelastfewyearswitnessedadrastic/dramaticincrease/decreaseinthenumberofhoursthatcollegestudentsspendoncomputers.

102慣用詞匯Table,diagram,graph,chartShow,demonstrate,indicateStatistics,rate,speed,ratio,percentage,figures,(statistical)dataIncrease,decrease,reduce,decline,godown,goup,riseBeontherise/increase,decrease/declineSharply,smoothly,drastically,dramatically,approximately103慣用表達(dá)和句型Afteracarefulanalysisofthedata,wecandrawthefollowingconclusion.Asaresultofcarefulobservationandanalysis,atentativeconclusionasfollowscanbereached.Therapidincreasegrowth/decline/changeofXXXXcanbeattributedtovariousfactors.104書信作文的格式1051稱呼（salutation）

①正式稱呼：

a.當(dāng)寫信的對象為某團(tuán)體、組織、機(jī)構(gòu)或不知對方姓名的時(shí)候，一般是這種寫法：DearSiror(/)Madam,

b.當(dāng)寫信的對象為某領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、上司、老板或校長等上級的時(shí)候，一般是以下這種寫法：

DearMr.***（***代表姓）

DearMs.***

DearMrs.***（針對已婚婦女）

②非正式稱呼：

當(dāng)寫信的對象是朋友或熟人的時(shí)候，一般是這種寫法：Dear***（***代表名字，即GivenName）1062主體（body）

要根據(jù)信件內(nèi)容要求來進(jìn)行細(xì)致劃分——但都講求開門見山、不繞彎子，大約寫7－8句話即可。一般題目會(huì)要求寫三個(gè)信息點(diǎn)，所以針對每個(gè)信息點(diǎn)可寫兩句話，最后寫兩句禮貌用語，即可完成整個(gè)信件寫作。

1073落款（complimentaryclose）

根據(jù)寫信的對象不同，也劃分為兩大類：

①正式稱呼：

a.當(dāng)寫信的對象為某團(tuán)體、組織、機(jī)構(gòu)或不知對方姓名的時(shí)候，一般是這種寫法：Yoursfaithfully,

b.當(dāng)寫信的對象為某領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、上司、老板或校長等上級的時(shí)候，一般是這種寫法：Yourssincerely,

注意：在美國英語中習(xí)慣寫為：Sincerelyyours,

但六級英語對此不做如此細(xì)致的區(qū)分，即寫上述三種任一即可。

108②非正式稱呼：當(dāng)寫信的對象是朋友或熟人的時(shí)候，一般是以下這種寫法：

Kindregards,

Bestwishes,

當(dāng)然還可以有更多的寫法，如：Withbestwishes,或Allthebest,但常用的為以上兩種。4簽名（signature）

根據(jù)英語樣題，一律要求寫LiMing109書信作文

第一段只寫兩句：第一句：Iamwritingthislettertodayto…第二句：Mynameis…andIam…

第二段按照題目要求寫：

第三段只寫三句：第一句：Isincerelyhopeyoucantakemyletterseriously.第二句：Yourpromptresponsewillbehighlyappreciated.第三句：Thanksalotforyourtimeandconsideration.

110應(yīng)用文萬能模板111建議信

Dear

，

Iamwritingtoexpressmyviewsconcerning

.Inthefirstplace,Iwouldliketosaythankyouforthehelpandeverythingelseyouhavebeenofferingtous.Meanwhile,Ialsowanttomakesomeadvicetobetter

.

Firstly,wehavefoundthat

.Secondly,wewantto

.Finally,wehopethat

.

Iamlookingforwardstoyourconsiderationaboutmyproposals.Thanksinadvanceforthat.

Yourssincerely,

LiMing112道歉信

Dear

，

Muchtomyregret/IamterriblysorrythatIamunableto

.ItismainlybecauseatthattimeIwillbefulloccupiedby

whichisquiteoutofmyexpectation,andthatconflictswithyour

.ThereforeIamforcedtoadjustmyscheduleandcannotmakemypresenceonyour

.Isincerelyhopethatyouwillenjoyagoodtime.Bytheway,canwehavedinnertogethersometimenextweek?Ihopetoseeyousoon.

IamreallysorryagainandItrustthatyouwillunderstand.

Yourssincerely,

LiMing113感謝信

Dear

，

Onbehalfof

,Iwouldliketoextendourmostsinceregratitudefor

.Weappreciategreatlyyouraidinnotonly

,butalso

.

Itissaidthatyour

thatwecouldenjoysuchawonderfultrip/arriveatsuchsplendidachievements,andwewillneverforgetyourpainstakinglaborandfullcooperation/warmhospitality.

Withthisletterwewouldalsoliketoformallyinviteyouto

,sothat

.WElookforwardstohostingyou

.

Withpersonalregards.

Yourssincerely,

LiMing114申請信

ToWhomItMayConcern,

Iwouldliketoapplyforthemaster’sprogramin

departmentofyouruniversity,anopportunitythatIhavedreamedsince

.

Tobrieflyintroducemyself,Iamaseniorstudentmajoringin

from

University.DuringmyundergraduatestudyIhavedemonstratedexcellentacademicability,whichisreflectedinmygradesandaccomplishment.Ihaveattachedtothislettermyresume,acompletetranscript,andthreerecommendationletters.

Iwouldgreatlyappreciateitifyoucouldkindlyconsidermyapplication.Ifyourequiremoreinformation,pleasefeelfreetocontactmeat

.

Lookingforwardstoyourreply.

Yourssincerely,

LiMing115投訴信ToWhomItMayConcern，

Iamwritingtocomplainaboutthepoorserviceofyour

Ireceivedwhen

.

Thereasonsformydissatisfactionlieuponthreepointsasfollows:1)

;2)

;3)

.Underthesecircumstances,Ifinditdifficultto

.

Iamsurethatyouareabletothoroughlyunderstandmydiscontent,whichyouareboundtoreplacewithasatisfactorysolution.Iwouldbegratefulifyoucould