英語語法被動語態(tài)

ThePassiveVoice

被動語態(tài)英語語法了解被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)構成：be+P.P2、形式:1）一般現(xiàn)在時：am/is/are+P.P

1.英語中有兩種語態(tài)，主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)2)一般過去時：was/were+P.P3)情態(tài)動詞+be+P.P4)一般將來時：will+be+p.p5)現(xiàn)在完成時：have/has+been+P.P6)現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)：is/am/are+being+P.P1.Bananas

aregrown

inHainan.(海南種植香焦。）2.Manymoretrees

willbeplanted

inourschoolnextyear.（我們學校明年將種更多的樹。）3.Were

thetrees

planted

byhim.這些樹是他種的嗎？4.Youngtrees

mustbelookedafter.

(必須照看好小樹）5.Thebuilding

isbeingbuilt.(那棟樓房正在建設中。）6.Thehomework

hasbeenfinished

yet.（家作已經(jīng)做完了。）1.Heteaches

English

inourschool.

Englishistaughtinourschoolbyhim.語態(tài)轉換賓提前變主，主變介by賓，被動be加done,時態(tài)看主動2.We

plantedmanytreeslastyears.Manytrees

wereplanted

byuslastyear.過去時的被動語態(tài)：was/were+P.P3.We

shouldplantmanymoretrees.Manymoretreesshouldbeplantedbyus.含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞+be+PP4.ShewillteachClass6.Class6willbetaughtbyher.將來時的被動語態(tài)：Will/shall+be+PP5.Manycountrieshavesentupsatellitesintospace.Satelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries.完成時的被動語:Have/has+been+PP現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)：is+being+pp6.SheisteachingClass6.Class6isbeingtaughtbyher.I

wasgiven

abook

byher.Abook

wasgiven

tome

byher.7.Shegave

me

abook.如遇雙賓語，最好變間賓，如若變直賓，間賓前to/for（pass,lend,buy,write,bring,show,tell…）8.Hemademe

do

thework.

Iwasmade

todo

theworkbyhim.這些動詞真奇怪，主動句中to離開，被動句中to回來。（feel,listento,hear,lethave,make,lookat,see,watch…)9.They

takegoodcareof

thebaby.Thebabyis

takengoodcareof

bythem.注意：含動詞詞組的被動語態(tài)，須將其看作一個整體，不可把它們分隔開來。1Stamps______bypeopleforsendingletters.A.useB.usingC.usedD.areused.2.Mustoldpeople_____topolitely?A.speakB.spokenC.bespokeD.bespoken3.Bikemustn’t_____everywhere.A.beupB.beputC.putC.putting4.Thewomanfelloffthebikeand____ontheroad.A.layB.waslainC.liedD.haslainDDBA5.Theoldmanandthechildren_____inourcountry.A.musttakegoodcare.B.mustbetakegoodcareofC.musttakegoodcareofDmustbetakengoodcareof6.Alltreesmust_____wellwhenitisdry.A.bewaterB.wateringC.waterD.bewatered7.__Ithinktheshop_____________.__No,it’sopen.It_____________atsix.close,closeBclosed,closedC.closed;closesD.isclosed,closesDDD將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)，每空一詞。

1.Wecanfinishtheworkintwodays.

Thework_______________intwodays.

2.TheyproducesilkinSuzhou.

Silk___________inSuzhou.

3.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.

AnEnglishsong_______________bythechildren.

4.Youneedn'tdoitnow.

It___________________byyounow.

5.LucysentmeaNewYearCardlastweek.

ANewYearCard____________mebyLucylast

week.

6.Hemademedothatforhim.

I__________________thatforhim.

7.Ihavegiventhisbooktothelibrary.

Thisbook_________________tothelibrary.canbefinishedisproducedwillbesungneedn’tbedonewassenttowasmadetodohasbeengivenAtrafficaccident________(happen)justnow.happened2.連系動詞（Link.v.)

如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become…PekingOpera________(sound)beautiful.sounds3.當此動詞表示事物的自然屬性的時候:Thepen_________(write)veryfast.writesThiskindofsweater_______(sell)well.sells1.不及物動詞（vi.)

如:happen,takeplace,appear,disappear,…不用被動語態(tài)的動詞：1.Largenumbersofplasticbags_________(use)inthesupermarketseveryday.2._____ourcountry____(send)upanotherman-madesatellitelastyear?3.Musttheoldpeople___________(speak)topolitely?4.Hergrandmawasstillalivewhenhe_________(take)tothehospital.5.English__________(speak)inmanycounties.areusedDidsendbespokenwastakenisspoken6.Threequartersoftheworld’sbooks____________(write)inEnglish.7.Thiskindofsweater__________(sell)well.8._________Lesson50___________(teach)nextweek?arewrittensellsWillbetaught

Fillintheblanksusingrightforms:1.Allthestudents__________(ask)tobringakitewiththemlastSunday.2.Aremanyways_______(try)tostoppeoplefromcuttingdownsomanytrees?3.—Whatareonshowinthemuseum?—Somephotos_________(take)byAmericanchildren.4.Thiscoat_________(wash)well.9.Haveyoufoundyournecklace________(偷)lastweek?6.I’moften_________(警告）nottocopyothers’homework.7.Hecouldn’texplainwhydinosaurs___________(消失).8.I’llhavemybike__________________(修理)tomorrow.5.Musttheoldpeople____________(speak)topolitely?10.ThePRCwas_________(成立)onOctober1,1949.wereasked

triedtakenwashesbespokenwarneddisappearedmended／repairedstolenfounded1.現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)表將來go,come,leave,get,arrive,meet,seeoff,takeoff,return,start,fly,stay,etc.e.g.I’mleavingatseventonight2.Whentheplane,thetrain,thebus,meetingplan,filmandprogrammeareusedasthesubject,theseverbsshouldbeusedinsimplePresentTense.e.g.TheplanetoLondonleavesat9:30tomorrowmorning.Thefilmbeginsat6:00.3.Thepresenttenseisusedforthefutureinaclauseintroducedby“when”,“if”,“before”,“till/until”,“everytime”,“bythetime”,“assoonas”,“themoment”.e.g.Weshallnotgooutforahike

ifitrainstomorrow.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)用法例析一般將來時的被動語態(tài)是被動語態(tài)學習中的難點,也是重點。本文通過對若干典型例題的分析,對其進行了歸納和總結,希望對同學們有所幫助。 1.基本結構一:shall/will+be+done 【經(jīng)典例題1】Ipromisethatthismatter_____nextweek. A.willbetakencare B.willtakecareof C.willtakegoodcare D.willbetakencareof

【思路點撥】

選D。從題干不難看出,一是從句中的thismatter和takecareof是被動關系;二是takecareof是固定搭配,不能拆開;三是相對于promise來說,takecareof是將要發(fā)生的動作。故從句謂語應用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)?！窘?jīng)典例題2】Thesedictionaries_____thelibraryagain(byyou).A.willbetakenoutof B.won’tbetakenoutofC.willtakeoutof D.won’ttakeoutof

【思路點撥】選B。由題干結構及句意可知,此題考查的是一般將來時的被動語態(tài)的否定式。 另外,我們還應注意:其疑問式為Shall/Will+主語+be+done...?或特殊疑問詞+shall/will+主語+be+done...?2.基本結構二:be(am/is/are)goingto+be+done【經(jīng)典例題1】Theclass____oneverythingtheyhavelearntthisyear. A.isgoingtobeexamining B.aregoingtoexamine C.isgoingtobeexamined D.aregoingtobeexamined

【思路點撥】選D。題中theclass指全班同學,謂語動詞應用復數(shù)形式,并且主語和謂語動詞之間是被動關系,所以謂語應用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。【經(jīng)典例題2】Anexhibitionofpainting_____attheartmuseumwhenhecomesbackfromabroad. A.isgoingtohold B.isgoingtobeheld C.aregoingtohold D.aregoingtobeheld

【思路點撥】選B。根據(jù)題意,此處應用一般將來時的被動語態(tài),而且主謂應保持一致。現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)“四注意”一.注意不可遺漏being 現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)表示說話時正在進行的一個被動的動作,強調(diào)主語是動作的承受者,其構成為“am/is/are+being+動詞的過去分詞”。如果我們把being漏掉,就成為一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)或系表結構。如:*Look!Thechildrenarebeingtakencareofbytheiraunt.瞧!那些孩子正由他們的姑媽照看著。*Childrenaretakengoodcareofatschool. 孩子們在學校被照看得很好。(指通常情況)*Thereportisbeingwrittenbyoneofthebeststudents.報告正在由一名最好的學生寫著呢。*Thereportiswellwritten. 這個報告寫得很好。(系表結構)二.注意現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)也可以表示將來 現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)有時可表示按計劃或安排將要進行的一個被動的動作(此種用法僅限于少數(shù)及物動詞)。如: Apartyisbeingheldtonight. 今晚將要舉行一場晚會。三.注意沒有現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)的動詞 一些表示“狀態(tài)、心理活動、擁有、存在”等的動詞,一般不用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài),而常用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。如: XiaoWang,comehere.Youarewantedonthephone.小王,過來,有你的電話。 Footballisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Inotherwords,itislovedbymoreandmorepeople.足球現(xiàn)在越來越流行了,換句話說,它被越來越多的人喜愛。

.四.注意“be+under/in等介詞+名詞”結構可表示現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)的含義。如: Theproblemisunderdiscussion(isbeingdiscussed)atthemeeting. 這個問題正在會上討論。 Thetelephoneisinuse(=isbeingused)now.這部電話正在使用中。