2018年高考英語全國卷3(附含答案解析)

2018年一般高等學(xué)校招生全國一致考試英語第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)東后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每題15分，滿分7．5分）聽下邊5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間往返答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt？A.￡B.￡.C.￡1.WhatdoesJohnfinddifficultinlearningGerman?A.Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.2.Whatisprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.ColleagueB.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Ataticketoffice.C.Onatrain.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Arestaurant.B.Astreet.C.Adish.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherinterview?A.Itwastough.B.Itwasinteresting.C.Itwassuccessful.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每題1．5分，滿分分）聽下邊5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段資料，回答第6、7題6.WhenwillJudygotoaparty?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.7.WhatwillMaxdonext?A.Flyakite.B.Readamagazine.C.Dohishomework.聽第7段資料，回答第8、9題Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingatfirst?Goingtoaconcert.Watchingamove.Playingacomputergame.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.VisitMike.B.Goboating.

C.Takeawalk.聽第8段資料，回答第10至12題10.Whichcolordocatsseebetterthanhumans?A.Red.B.Green.

C.Blue.Whydocatsbringdeadbirdshome?Toeattheminasafeplace.ToshowofftheirhuntingskillsTomaketheirownershappy.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Grateful.B.Humorous.C.Curious.第9段資料，回答第13至16題13.WhoisMacy?A.Ed'smother.B.Ed'steacher.C.Ed'sfriend.14.HowdoesEdusuallygotokindergarten?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.15.WhatdoesEdenjoydoingatthekindergarten?A.Tellingstories.B.Singingsongs.C.Playingwithothers.16.WhatdotheteacherssayaboutEd?A.He'sclever.

B.He'squiet.

C.He'sbrave聽第10段資料，回答第17至20題。17.AtwhatagedidEmilystartlearningballet?A.Five.B.Six.

C.NineWhydidEmilymovetoToronto?Toworkforadanceschool.Toperformatadancetheater.Tolearncontemporarydance.WhydidEmilyquitdancing?Shewastoooldtodance.Shefailedtogetascholarship.Shelostinterestinit.HowdoesEmilyfeelaboutstoppingtraining?A.she'spleasedB.she'sregretful

C.she'supset.第二部分閱讀解（共兩節(jié)，滿分

40分）第一節(jié)（共

15小題；每題

2分，滿分

30分）讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)項(xiàng)中，出最選項(xiàng)WelcometoHolkerHall&GardenVisitorInformationHowtoGettoHolkerByCar:FollowbrownsignsonA590fromJ36,M6,Approximatetraveltimes:Windermere--20minutes,Kendal--25minutes,hour30minutes.ByRailTheneareststationisCark-in-CartmelandPrestonforconnectionstomajorcities&airports.

Lancaster--withtrains

45minutes,Manchester—1toCarnforth.LancasterOpeningtimesSunday-Friday(closedonSaturday)11:00am-4;00pm,30March-2ndNovember.AdmissionCharges:Hall&Gardens

GardensAdults:

￡

￡Gropes:

￡

￡SpecialEventsProducersMarket13

th

April.Joinustotasteavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.Meettheproducersandgetsomeexcellentrecipeideas.HolkerGardenFestivalthMay.30Theeventcelebratesits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowoftheverybestofgardening,makingitoneofthemostpopulareventsinthegardening.NationalGardenDay28thAugust.Holkeronceagainopensitsgardensinaidofthedisadvantaged.Forjustasmalldonationyoucantakeatourwithourgardenguide.WinterMarket8thNovemberThisisaneventforallthefamily!Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggiftswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment.21.HowlongedoesitprobablytakeatouristtodrivetoHolkerfromManchester?A.20minuteB.25minutesC.45minutesD.90minutes.22.HowmuchshouldamemberofatourgrouppaytovisitHallGardens?A.￡B.￡C.￡D.￡.23.Whicheventwillyougotoifyouwanttoseealivemusicshow?A.ProducersMarketB.HolkerGanenFestival.C.NationalGiaxdeoDayD.WirerMarketBCitiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtocommunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness(荒野).Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.DawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnow-coveredmountainsaresailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarning.Anavalanche(雪崩)onceclosedthepath,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasnevercomfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhadcome.Today,peoplestillcomeandgotoseewheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened.TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonWhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?Itsbusinessculture.Itssmallpopulation.Itsgeographicalposition.D.ItsfavourableclimateWhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?Two-thirdsofthemstayedthere.Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrick.AlmosteveryonegaveupHalfofthemdied.WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.Theywereunabletostandthewinter.Theywereshotoffood.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?TheriseandfallofacityThegoldrushinCanada.Journeysintothewilderness.TourisminDawson.CWhilefamousforeign,architectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkbuildingsinChinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalCenterforthePerformingArts,manyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecenterstage.Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShu,a49-year-oldChinesearchitect,wonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize-whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture-onFebruary28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward.WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChinaDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArt(CAA).HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus（校園）oftheuniversityinHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations.ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.Manyvisitorswereamazedbythecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.Thecurves（曲線）ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseformingauniqueview.Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferenttheworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksintocorridors.ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsandtraditionalChineseelements.

andfallofhills,ages.Heaskedwalls,roofsandmixtureofmodernWang’sworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions.Throughsuchabalance,hehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecture,saidTadaoAndo,thewinnerofthe1995PritzkerPrize.Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums.“Thatisonlyevidencethattraditionsonceexisted,”hesaid.“ManyChinesepeoplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions.Theythinktraditionmeansoldthingsfromthepast.Infact,traditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated,“hesaid.“Today,manyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditions.Manypeopletendtotalkabouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyare,”saidWang.Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbecombined,withpractice.Otherwise,therecreationoftraditionswouldbeartificialandempty,hesaid.28.Wang'swinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsare__________.A.followingthelatestworldtrendB.gettinginternationalrecognitionC.workingharderthaneverbeforeD.relyingonforeignarchitectsWhatimpressedvisitorstotheCAAXiangshancampusmost?Itshillyenvironment.Itslargesize.Itsuniquestyle.ItsdiversefunctionsWhatmadeWangsarchitecturaldesignasuccess?Themixtureofdifferentshapes.ThebalanceofEastandwest.Theuseofpopulartechnique.Theharmonyofoldandnew.WhatshouldwedoaboutChinesetraditionsaccordingtoWang?SpreadthemtotheworldPreservethematmuseumsTeachtheminuniversities.Recreatetheminpractice.DAdultsunderstandwhatiffeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.WhydoweoftenthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.Ifoundthepre-holidaysagoodtimetoencourageyoungchildrentodonateless-usedthings,anditworked.Becauseofourefforts,ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasunabletopayforherholidayduetoillness.Shechosetosellafewlargerobjectsthatwerelessoftenusedwhenwepromisedtoputthemoneyintoherschoolfund(基金)(ourkindergartenisseriousaboutbecomingadoctor)Forweeks,I'vebeenthinkingofbigger,deeperquestions.Howdowemakeitahabitforthem?Andhowdowetrainourselvestohelpthemlivewith,need,anduseless?Yesterday,Isatwithmyson,Shepherd,determinedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.Idecidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoyforaslongasitwouldkeephisinterest.Iexpectedthatonetoywouldkeephisattentionforaboutfiveminutes,tenminutes,max.Ichosearedrubberball-simple,universallyavailable.Wepassedit,hetriedtoputitinhismouth,hetriedbouncingitrollingit,sittingonit,throwingit.Itwastotally,completelyenoughforhim.BeforeIknewitanhourhadpassedanditwastimetomoveontolunch.Webothbecameabsorbedinthesimplicityofplayingtogether.HehadmyfullattentionandIhadhis.Mylittleexperimenttofindjoyinasingleobjectworkedforbothofus.32.Whatdothewords“moreismore”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Themore,thebetter.B.EnoughisenoughC.Moremoney,moreworries.D.Earnmoreandspendmore.33.WhatmadeGeorgiaagreetosellsomeofherobjects?A.SavingupforherholidayB.RaisingmoneyforapoorgirlmoneyC.AddingthemoneytoherfundD.Givingthemoneytoasickmother34.WhydidtheauthorplaytheballwithShepherd?A.Totryoutanidea.B.Toshowaparent'sloveC.Totrainhisattention.D.Tohelphimstartahobby35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TakeitorLeaveitB.ALessonfromKidsC.LiveMorewithLessD.ThePleasureofGiving第二節(jié)（共5小題；每題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為節(jié)余選項(xiàng)。Beforetherewasthewrittenword,therewasthelanguageofdance.Danceexpressesloveandhate,joyandsorrow,lifeanddeath,andeverythingelseinbetween.WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officepartiesandjusttofillthetime.“Iadoredancing,"saysLesterBridges,theownerofadancestudioinIowa.“Ican'timaginedoinganythingelsewithmylife.”Bridgesrunsdanceclassesforallages.“Teachingdancingiswonderful.37It'sgreattowatchthem.Formanyofthem,it'sawayofmeetingpeopleandhavingasociallife.38“Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple,saysBridges.“They’relearningtotraditionaldances.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile.39”So,dowedanceinordertomakeourselvesfeelbetter,calmer,andhealthier?AndreaHilliersays,“Dance,likethepatternofabeatingheart,islife.Evenafteralltheseyears,Iwanttogetbetterandbetter.40Ifindithardtostop!DancingremindsmeI'malive.”A.Sowhydowedance?B.Danceinthe.iseverywhere.C.Ifyoulikedancingoutdoors,cometoAmerica.D.Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung.E.IkeeppracticingevenwhenI'mextremelytired.F.Dancingseemstochangetheirfeelingcompletely.G.Thystayedupallnightlongsinginganddancing.第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每題分，滿分30分)閱讀下邊短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。Whenmostofusgetatextmessageonourcellphonefromanunknownperson,weusuallysay“sorry,41number!”andmoveon.ButwhenDennisWilliams42atextthatclearlywasn'tintendedforhim,hedidsomething43.OnMarch19,Dennisgotagrouptext44himthatacouplehedidn'tknowwereatthehospital,waitingforthe45ofababy.“Congratulations!ButIthinksomeonewasmistaken,”Dennis46.Thebabywasbornandupdatetextswere47quicklyfromtheoverjoyedgrandmother,Teresa.Inher48,shedidn'tseemtorealizedthatshewas49thebaby’sphotoswithacompletestranger.“Well,Idon't50youallbutIwillgettheretotakepictureswiththebaby”,repliedDennisbeforeaskingwhichroomthenew51werein.Muchtothefamily’ssurprise,Dennisstucktohis52!Heturnedupatthehospital53giftsforthenewmotherLindseyandherbabyboy.Lindsey’shusbandwastotally54bytheunexpectedvisit.“Idon'tthinkwewouldhaverandomlyinvitedhimoverbutwe55itandthegifts.”Teresa56aphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworkingwebsite57bythetouchingwords:“Whata58thisyoungmanwastoourfamily!Hewasso59andkindtodothis.“Theposthassincegainedthe60ofsocialmediausersallovertheworld,receivingmorethan184,000sharesand61,500likesinjustthreedays.41.A.unluckyB.secretC.newD.wrong42.A.receivedB.translatedC.copiedD.printed43.A.reasonableB.specialC.necessaryD.practical44.A.convincingB.remindingC.informingD.warning45.A.wake-upB.recoveryC.growthD.arrival46.A.respondedB.interruptedC.predictedD.repeated47.A.cominginB.settingoutC.passingdownD.movingaround48.A.opinionB.anxietyC.excitementD.effort49.A.comparingB.exchangingC.discussingD.sharing50.A.acceptB.knowC.believeD.bother51.A.parentsB.doctorsC.patientsD.visitors52.A.dreamB.promiseC.agendaD.principle53.A.bearingB.collectingC.openingD.making54.A.discouragedBrelaxedC.astonishedD.defeated55.A.admitB.needC.appreciateD.expect56.A.foundB.selectedC.developedD.posted57.A.confirmedB.simplifiedC.clarifiedD.accompanied58.A.pityB.blessingC.reliefD.problem59.A.smartB.calmC.sweetD.fair60.A.sympathyB.attentionC.controlD.trust第二節(jié)（共10小題；每題15分，滿分15分）閱讀下邊短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適合的單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。I’mnotsureismorefrightened，meorthefemalegorilla（大猩猩）thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.I’mwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,I’mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat62.______topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel65.__________(challenge).MynameisMireyaMayor.I’ma(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.IwassearchingthreewesternlowlandgorillasI’dbeenobserving.Noonehad