中文菜譜常見(jiàn)翻譯方法

v1.0可編輯可修改v1.0可編輯可修改中文菜譜常見(jiàn)翻譯方法中餐菜譜不容易翻譯，原因是中國(guó)人的飲食文化比較發(fā)達(dá)，對(duì)菜名特別講究。菜單翻譯的核心內(nèi)容是菜用什么原料做成,因?yàn)橥鈬?guó)人在餐桌上最關(guān)心的是吃什么東西。其次要講清楚的是菜的用料，刀法和烹調(diào)方法。由此可見(jiàn)，要譯好菜譜，就必須知道一些主要的用料，刀法，烹調(diào)方法及某些準(zhǔn)備步驟，希望下面的英文翻譯對(duì)諸位在翻譯公司工作的同行有所幫助:1.常見(jiàn)的用料chickenduck鵝goose魚(yú)類fish肉類meat豬肉pork牛肉beef小牛肉veal羊肉mutton小羊肉lamb牛尾oxtail里脊fillet排骨spareribs腰子kidney肚子tripe肝liver舌tongue下水offals蹄子trotter膾gizzard雞什giblets鹿肉venison雞脯chickenbreast甲魚(yú)turtle海味seafood蝦shrimp干貝scallop螃蟹crab就魚(yú)squid海蟄jellyfish黃魚(yú)善finlesseel海螺whelk味game兔rabbit鴿pigeon鴿鶉quail龍蝦lobster蠣oyster田螺snail田雞frog由它snake腌肉bacon香腸sausage火腿ham熊掌bear'spaw魚(yú)翅shark'sfin燕窩bird'snest2.煮前的準(zhǔn)備工作去骨boning例如,去骨鴨掌打鱗scaling例如,去鱗魚(yú)scaledfish剝/去皮skinning例如，去皮田雞skinnedfrogs脫殼shelling例如，蝦仁shelledshrimps腌制pickling咸酸菜pickledvegetables3,常用刀法及用料形狀(1)常用刀法切片slice切絲shred切丁dice切柳fillet切碎mince搗爛mash釀入stuff(2)常用用料形狀肉/魚(yú)片slicedmeat/fish或meat/fishslices肉絲shreddedmeat或porkshreds肉/雞丁dicedpork/chicken或meat/chickencubes肉末mincedmeat肉丸meatballs肉餡meatfilling4,中餐菜單翻譯法(1)直譯法。英譯時(shí)把對(duì)應(yīng)的制作方法譯出來(lái)，再以該菜的主要原料為中心詞。如：燉牛肉StewedBeef(2)直譯加注法。英譯時(shí)直接按中文菜名譯出其意，然后再補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明其內(nèi)在含義。如：獅子頭Lion'sHead PorkMeatBalls全家福HappyFamily Acombinationofshrimps,pork,beef,chicken,lobsterandmixedvegetableswithbrownsauce(3)意譯法。此法可分為三種情況：1)原料+with+作料。以原料為中心詞，有時(shí)捎帶把烹調(diào)法也譯出，再加上用介詞 with或in與作料構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)即可。如：海米白菜ChineseCabbagewithDriedShrimps魚(yú)香肉絲ShreddedPorkwithGarlicSauce2)作料+原料。即把作料用作修飾語(yǔ)，放在中心詞原料的前面。如：咖喔牛肉CurryBeef古老肉Sweet&SourPork3)以“實(shí)”對(duì)“虛”法。即舍去中菜名里的喻義，夸張等說(shuō)法而用平直，明白的英語(yǔ)譯出。如：發(fā)財(cái)好市BlackMossCookedwithOysters彩鳳喜迎春BakedChickenandFriedQuailEggs螞蟻上樹(shù)VermicelliwithSpicyMincedPork龍虎鳳大除ThickSoupofSnake,CatandChicken4)“移花接木”法。借用西方人熟悉并了解的歐洲菜名或主食名來(lái)譯部分中菜名與少數(shù)主食，因?yàn)樗鼈冎g有許多相似之處。譯文地道，通俗易懂，能 收到事半功倍的效果。如：烤排骨BarbecuedSpareRibs餃子Chinese-styleRavioli5)音譯加釋義法。先按中文用拼音譯出，然后再加以解釋性的英譯，使英譯文保留點(diǎn)”中國(guó)味”。如：包子Baozi StuffedBun饅頭Mantou SteamedBread6)“隨機(jī)應(yīng)變”法：原料+地名+Style。應(yīng)用此法可以靈活地處理一些難以對(duì)付的地方風(fēng)味特色菜名。英譯出原料名后，再稍加“點(diǎn)撥”就可以大功告成。如：廣東龍蝦LobsterCantoneseStyle 麻婆豆腐BeanCurdSichuanStyle5.中餐常見(jiàn)的烹調(diào)方法中菜的烹調(diào)方法至少有50多種，但大體不離：煮(boiling),煲/燉(stewing),燒/炯/除(braising),煎(frying),炒(stir-frying)，爆(quick-frying),炸(deep-frying),扒(fryingandsimmering),煽(sauteing)，煨(simmering),熏(smoking)，烤(roasting/barbecuing),烘(baking),蒸(steaming),白灼(scalding)等基本方法。煮boiled.如“煮咸牛肉” (BoiledCornedBeef)煲/燉stewed.如“清燉牛尾” (StewedOxTailinClearSoup)燒braised.如“紅燒牛蹄” (BraisedOxTrottersinBrownSauce)煎(pan-)fried.如“煎明蝦”(FriedPrawns)炒stir-fried 如“炒雞丁” (Stir-FriedChickenDices)爆quick-fried. 如“蔥爆羊肉” (Quick-friedlambwithScallioninGingerSauce)炸deep-fried.如“炸大蝦”(Deep-friedprawns)扒friedandsimmered.如“蝦子扒海參“ (FriedandSimmeredSeaCucumberwithShrimpsRoe)煽sauted.如“干煽魚(yú)善魚(yú)”(SautedEelSlices)煨simmered.如“煨牛肉”(SimmeredBeef)炯braised如“黃酒炯豬排" (Braisedporkchopsinricewine)除braised如“炒雞絲” (Braisedchickenshredswithpeas)熏smoked如“熏魚(yú)”(SmokedFish)烘baked如“烘鴿” (BakedPigeon)蒸steamed如“蒸鮮魚(yú)” (SteamedFreshFish)醬/醋marinated如“醬雞” (MarinatedChicken)鹵spicy;stewedingravy 如“鹵鴨”(SpicyDuck)涮instant-boiled 如“涮羊肉”(Instant-BoiledMuttonSlices)

釀stuffed如“釀青椒” (StuffedGreenPepper)烤roast;barbecued如“烤鵝” (RoastGoose)清蒸steamed(inclearsoup)清燉stewedinclearsoup清蒸steamed(inclearsoup)清燉stewedinclearsoup如“清燉甲魚(yú)” (StewedTurtleinClearSoup)白灼/微煮scalded如“白灼海蝦”(ScaldedPrawns)紅燒braisedinbrownsauce如“紅燒蹄筋”紅燒braisedinbrownsauce干燒inpeppersauce麻辣干燒inpeppersauce麻辣withhotpepper如“干燒干貝”(ScallopinPepperSauce)如“麻辣豆腐”(BeanCurdwithHotPepper/SpiceBeanCurd)醬爆inbeansauce如“醬爆肉丁”醬爆inbeansauce魚(yú)香in(spicy)garlicsauce如“魚(yú)香肉絲”魚(yú)香in(spicy)garlicsauce糖醋withsweetandsoursauce如“糖醋排骨” (SpareribswithSweetandSourSauce)宮保withchiliandpeanuts如“宮保雞丁” (DicedChickenwithChiliandPeanuts)脆皮crisp(inspicysauce)如“脆皮魚(yú)” (CrispFish)香酥crispfried如“香酥雞”(CrispFriedChicken)焦燔friedinsauce 如“焦燔魚(yú)片"(FriedFishSlicesinSauce)甜酸sweetandsour 如“甜酸肉”(Sweet&SourPork)胡辣withpepperandchili如“胡辣海參" (SeaSlugwithPepperandChili)油淋drip-friedwithoil 如 “油淋兔” (Drip-FriedRabbitwithoil)干煽dry-sauteed如“干煽季豆” (Dry-sauteedStringBeans)鹽水boiledinsaltwater如“鹽水蝦” (BoiledShrimpsinSaltWater)家常homestyle如“家常豆腐”(BeanCurdHomeStyle)陳皮withspicyorangepeel如“陳皮雞” (ChickeninSpicyOrangePeel)回鍋double-sauteed如“回鍋肉”(Double-sauteedPorkSlices)五香spiced如“五香牛肉” (SpicedBeef)干炸drydeep-fried如“干炸羊肉”(DryDeep-friedLambBreast)軟炸softdeep-fried如“軟炸里脊” (Soft-friedPorkFillet)

酥炸crispdeep-fried如“酥炸羊脯”(CrispFriedLambBreast)用烤skewered如“用烤羊肉青椒" (SkeweredMuttonwithGreenPepper)鐵扒grilled如“鐵扒乳鴿” (GrilledBabyPigeon)燒烤roast如“烤乳豬"(RoastSucklingPig)砂鍋incasserole如“砂鍋魚(yú)翅”(Shark'sFininCasserole)鍋巴withsizzling/crispyricecrust 如“鍋巴海參"(SeaSlugwithSizzling/CrispyRiceCrust)芙蓉witheggwhite如“芙蓉海參”(SeaCucumberswithEggwhite)麻醬withsesamepaste如“麻醬海參”(Beche-de-merwithSesamePaste)三鮮withtwootherdelicacies如“三鮮海參” (SeaCucumberswithOtherTwoDelicacies)醋溜indistilledgrainssauce如“醋溜雞片”(SlicedChickeninDistilledGrainsSauce)涼拌insoysauce 如“涼拌海蟄”酸辣hotandsour 如“酸辣黃瓜”(JellyfishinSoySauce)(HotandSourCucumber)姜汁ingingersauce如“姜汁扁豆”蟲(chóng)毛油醋溜indistilledgrainssauce如“醋溜雞片”(SlicedChickeninDistilledGrainsSauce)涼拌insoysauce 如“涼拌海蟄”酸辣hotandsour 如“酸辣黃瓜”(JellyfishinSoySauce)(HotandSourCucumber)姜汁ingingersauce如“姜汁扁豆”蟲(chóng)毛油inoystersauce如“蛭油香菇”(SnapBeansinGingerSauce)(MushroomsinOysterSauce)蒜泥withmashedgarlic如“蒜泥胡豆”(BroadBeanswithMashedGarlic)什錦mixed;assorted如“什錦絲冬粉"(AssortedShredswithVermicelli)茄汁intomatosauce如“茄汁雞脯” (ChickenBreastinTomatoSauce)咖喔withcurry如“咖喔牛肉” (FriedBeefwithyCurry八寶(stuffed)witheightdelicacies如“八寶雞” (ChickenStuffedwithEightDelicacies)蔥爆quick-friedwithscallioningingersauce 如“蔥爆羊肉” (Quick-friedLambwithScallioninGingerSauce)粉蒸steamedinriceflour 如“粉蒸牛肉” (SteamedBeefinRiceFlour)奶油increamsauce如“奶油魚(yú)肚” (FriedFishMawinCreamSauce)木犀withscrambledeggsandfungus如“木犀肉” (木犀withscrambledeggsandfungusEggsandFungus)醉liquor-preserved如‘醉蟹" (Liquor-preservedCrabs)辣味inchilisauce如“辣味炒蝦" (BraisedPrawnsinRiceWine)豆豉inblackbeansauce如“豆豉桂魚(yú)”(MandarinFishinBlackBeanSauce)黃炯braisedinricewine如“黃炯大蝦” (BraisedPrawnsinRiceWine)椒鹽withpepperandsalt如“椒鹽排骨” (SpareRibswithPepperandSalt)怪味multi-flavored如“怪味雞”(Multi-flavoredChicken)西餐(WesternFood)頭盤(pán)及沙拉類1腌熏三文魚(yú)SmokedSalmon2腌三文魚(yú)MarinatedSalmonwithLemonandCapers3凱撒沙拉CaesarSalad4鮮蘑雞肝批ChickenLiverTerrinewithMorels5奶酪瓢蟹蓋BakedStuffedCrabShell6鮮果海鮮沙拉SeafoodSaladwithFreshFruit7廚師沙拉Chef'sSalad8金槍魚(yú)沙拉TunaFishSalad9尼斯沙拉SaladNicoise湯類10奶油蘑菇湯CreamofMushroomSoup11奶油胡蘿卜湯CreamofCarrotSoup12奶油蘆筍湯CreamofAsparagusSoup13番茄濃湯TraditionalTomatoSoup14海鮮周打湯SeafoodChowder15法式洋蔥湯FrenchOnionSoup16牛肉清湯BeefConsomm17匈牙利濃湯HungarianBeefGoulash18香濃牛尾湯OxtailSoup19意大利蔬菜湯MinestroneSoup20蔬菜干豆湯HeartyLentilSoup21牛油梨凍湯ChilledAvocadoSoup22西班牙番茄凍湯Gazpacho禽類23紅酒鵝肝BraisedGooseLiverinRedWine24奶酪火腿雞排ChickenCordonBleu25燒瓢春雞卷GrilledStuffedChickenRolls26紅酒炫雞BraisedChickenwithRedWine27烤雞胸釀奶酪蘑菇餡BakedChickenBreastStuffedwithMushroomsandCheese28炸培根雞肉卷Deep-FriedChickenandBaconRolls29水波雞胸配意式香醋汁PoachedChickenBreastwithBalsamicSauce30烤火雞配紅漿果少司RoastTurkeywithCranberrySauce31烤瓢火雞RoastStuffedTurkey32燒烤雞腿BarbecuedChickenLeg33烤檸檬雞腿配炸薯?xiàng)lRoastedLemonMarinadeChickenLegwithFrenchFries34扒雞胸Char-GrilledChickenBreast35咖哩雞ChickenCurry36秘制鴨胸配黑菌炒土豆Pan-friedDuckBreastwithSauteedPotatoesandTruffles牛肉類37紅炫牛肉StewedBeef38白炫小牛肉FricasseedVeal39牛里脊扒配黑椒少司GrilledBeefTenderloinwithBlackPepperSauce40扒肉眼牛排GrilledBeefRib-EyeSteak41西冷牛排配紅酒少司RoastBeefSirloinSteakwithRedWineSauce42T骨牛扒T-BoneSteak43烤牛肉RoastBeef44羅西尼牛柳配苯酒汁BeefTenderloinandGooseLiverwithTruffleandPortWineSauce45青椒汁牛柳B(niǎo)eefTenderloinSteakwithGreenPeppercornSauce46鐵板西冷牛扒SizzlingSirloinSteak47香煎奧斯卡仔牛排Pan-friedVealSteakOscarwithHollandaiseSauce48咖哩牛肉BeefCurry49威靈頓牛柳FilletSteakWellington50俄式牛柳絲BeefStroganoff51炫牛舌BraisedOx-Tongue52紅炫牛膝OssoBucco53黑胡椒鹿柳配野蘑菇和芹菜烤面皮VenisonFilletBlackPepperCoatwithWildMushroomandCeleryBrick豬肉類54燒烤排骨BarbecuedSpareRibs55煙熏蜜汁肋排SmokedSpareRibswithHoney56意大利米蘭豬排PorkPiccatta57瓢餡豬肉卷配黃桃汁StuffedPokeRouladeWithYellowPeachSauce58煎面包腸香草汁Pan-friedSwissMeatLoafwithPestoSauce59炸豬排Deep-FriedPorkChop羊肉類60扒羊排GrilledLambChop61扒新西蘭羊排GrilledNewZealandLambChop62烤羊排配奶酪和紅酒汁RoastLambChopwithCheeseandRedWineSauce63羊肉串LambKebabs64烤羊腿RoastedMuttonLeg魚(yú)和海鮮類65海鮮串SeafoodKebabs66扒金槍魚(yú)GrilledTunaSteak67扒挪威三文魚(yú)排GrilledNorwegianSalmonFillet68三文魚(yú)扒配青檸黃油GrilledSalmonwithLimeButter69比目魚(yú)柳和扇貝配紅酒核桃汁BraisedSolefillet&SeaScallopswithRedWineandWalnuts70煎比目魚(yú)Pan-friedWholeSole71烤三文魚(yú)柳配香草汁和黑橄欖醬RoastedSalmonFilletWithPestoBlackOlivePuree72烤三文魚(yú)排意大利寬面和藏紅花汁RoastedSalmonSteakWithTagliatelle&SaffronSauce73煎紅加吉魚(yú)排GrilledRedSnapperFillet74黃油檸檬汁扒魚(yú)柳GrilledFishFilletinLemonButterSauce75扒大蝦GrillekingPrawns76蒜茸大蝦GrilledKingPrawnswithGarlicHerbButter77巴黎黃油烤龍蝦BakedLobsterwithGarlicButter78奶酪汁龍蝦GratinatedLobsterinMornaySauce79香炸西班牙觥魚(yú)圈Deep-FriedSquidRings80荷蘭汁青口貝GratinatedMusselsHollandaiseSauce蛋類81火腿煎蛋FriedEggswithHam82洛林乳蛋餅QuicheLorraine83煽糊蛋ScrambledEggs面、粉及配菜類84海鮮通心粉MacaroniwithSeafood85海鮮意粉SpaghettiwithSeafood86意大利奶酪千層餅CheeseLasagna87什萊奶酪比薩餅PizzaVegetarian88海鮮比薩SeafoodPizza89烤牛肉蘑菇比薩RoastBeefandMushroomPizza90肉醬意大利粉SpaghettiBolognaise91意大利奶酪餛飩CheeseRavioliinHerbedCreamSauce92咖哩海鮮炒飯Stir-FriedSeafoodRicewithCurry93紅花飯SaffronRice94阿拉伯蔬菜黃米飯CouscouswithVegetables95西班牙海鮮飯Paella96牛肉漢堡包BeefBurger97雞肉漢堡包ChickenBurger98美式熱狗AmericanHotDog99俱樂(lè)部三文治ClubSandwich100金槍魚(yú)三文治TunaFishSandwich101烤牛肉三文治RoastedBeefSandwich102健康三文治HealthySandwich103煙熏三文魚(yú)SmokedSalmon104土豆泥MashedPotatoes105里昂那土豆LyonnaisePotatoes106公爵夫人土豆DuchessePotatoes107炫紅椰菜BraisedRedCabbagewithApple甜品西點(diǎn)類108黑森林蛋糕BlackForestCake109英式水果蛋糕EnglishFruitCake110草莓奶酪蛋糕StrawberryCheeseCake111草莓蛋糕StrawberryCake112藍(lán)莓奶酪蛋糕BlueberryCheeseCake113美式奶酪蛋糕AmericanCheeseCake114綠茶奶酪蛋糕GreenTeaCheeseCake115意大利提拉米蘇ItalianTiramisu116大理石奶酪蛋糕MarbleCheeseCake117咖啡奶酪蛋糕CoffeeCheeseCake118紅莓松糕CranberryMuffin119干果派MixedNutsPie120藍(lán)莓松糕BlueberryMuffin121琳澤蛋糕LinzerCake122芒果木司蛋糕MangoMousseCake123蘋(píng)果派ApplePie124草莓酥條StrawberryNapoleonSliced125巧克力榛子蛋糕ChocolateHazelnutCake126巧克力木司ChocolateMousse127水果脆皮酥盒PuffPastrywithFruits128維也納巧克力蛋糕SacherCake129熱情果木司PassionMousse130杏仁多納圈AlmondDonuts131牛奶巧克力多納圈MilkChocolateDonuts132鮮水果配沙巴洋FruitwithSabayon133水果蛋撻FreshFruitTart134白巧克力奶油布丁WhiteChocolateBrulee135綠茶布丁GreenTeaPudding136芒果布丁MangoPudding137熱棗布丁WarmStickyDatePudding138香草布丁VanillaPudding139焦糖布丁CreamCaramel/CaramelCustard140果仁布朗尼WalnutBrownies141咖啡劇本蛋糕CoffeeOperaSlice餅干及其它142手指餅LadyFinger143蝴蝶酥ButterflyCracker144巧克力曲奇ChocolateCookies145爆米花(舌t/咸)Popcorn(Sweet/Salt)146香草冰淇淋VanillaIceCream147巧克力冰淇淋ChocolateIceCream148草莓冰淇淋StrawberryIceCream149綠茶冰淇淋GreenTeaIceCream150冰霜Sherbets151冰糖蓮子銀耳羹CandiedLotusSeed&WhiteFungusSoup152草莓奶昔StrawberryMilkShake153巧克力奶昔ChocolateMilkShake154咖啡奶昔CoffeeMilkShake面包類155水果丹麥FruitDanish156牛角包Croissant157袋子包PitaBreadPlain158農(nóng)夫包FarmerBread159洋蔥包OnionLoaf160全麥包WholeWheatBread161軟包SoftRoll162硬包HardRoll163長(zhǎng)法棍FrenchBaguette吐司面包Toast中國(guó)小吃英文表達(dá)中式早黑占燒餅Clayovenrolls油條Friedbreadstick韭菜盒Friedleekdumplings水餃Boileddumplings蒸餃Steameddumplings饅頭Steamedbuns害胞Steamedsandwich飯團(tuán)Riceandvegetableroll蛋餅Eggcakes皮蛋100-yearegg咸鴨蛋Saltedduckegg豆?jié){Soybeanmilk飯類稀飯Riceporridge白飯Plainwhiterice油飯Glutinousoilrice糯米飯G