大學(xué)英語四級講座

大學(xué)英語四級考試技巧CollegeEnglishTestBand4(CET-4)大學(xué)英語四級考試，即CET-4，CollegeEnglishTestBand4的縮寫，是由國家教育部高等教育司主持的全國性教學(xué)考試。考試的主要對象是根據(jù)教育大綱修完大學(xué)英語四級的在校大學(xué)本科生或研究生。大學(xué)英語四、六級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試自1986年末開始籌備，1987年正式實施。備考詞匯部分大學(xué)英語四級考試要求考生掌握4500詞匯+700詞組

A.Vocabularytest1.patent2.faulty3.diligent4.convey5.distract6.hierarchy7.waterproof8.fossil9.erroneous10.underlie1.patent（專利)getpatentforsth.,letterspatent2.faulty(有缺點的)afaultontherightside3.diligent(勤奮的)4.convey(表達(dá))conveyone’sbestwishestosb5.distract(使人分心)distractfrom/attractto6.hierarchy(等級制度)7.waterproof(防水的)8.fossil(化石)9.erroneous(錯誤的)erroneousopinions10.underlie(構(gòu)成…的基礎(chǔ))聽力部分▼考綱解讀：聽力理解部分考核學(xué)生獲取口頭信息的能力，包括理解主旨大意、重要事實和細(xì)節(jié)、隱含意義，判斷話語的交際能力、說話人的觀點、態(tài)度等?？忌ε侣犃Φ闹饕蚴前l(fā)現(xiàn)自己什么都聽不懂，如果這樣還瘋狂做題那實在是于事無補(bǔ)，在正式開始練聽力前我們需要做熱身！【聽力任務(wù)一】背聽力高頻詞，熟悉聽力場景詞匯

各位考生需要對聽力中常出現(xiàn)的情景詞匯、高頻詞至少過一遍，由于是聽力，這部分單詞需要把注意力集中放在單詞的發(fā)音上面?！韭犃θ蝿?wù)二】掌握聽力技巧有了一定聽力單詞的積累及場景的熟悉，接下來要針對聽力的各題型進(jìn)行技巧學(xué)習(xí)，并運(yùn)用于習(xí)題操練中。聽力練習(xí)先可適當(dāng)練練耳，每天聽一兩段，一開始量不需要很多，先幫自己找點感覺。寫作部分▼考綱解讀：寫作部分要求考生用英語進(jìn)行短文寫作，思想表達(dá)正確、意義連貫、無重大語法錯誤。任務(wù)一：讀真題范文，熟悉常用句式

寫作部分是試卷的第一部分，而考生平時又最疏于寫作的訓(xùn)練，往往導(dǎo)致在考試一開始士氣就減退一半。在真正開始練筆之前，需對往年作文真題及范文有個概念，熟悉一些常用句式。任務(wù)二：學(xué)以致用，習(xí)題操練

WaysofDevelopingCompositionPlanningaParagraphThinkingofatopicExpressingitincompletesentence(atopicsentence)ArrangingtheminlogicalorderDevelopmentbyTimeDevelopmentbyProcessDevelopmentbySpaceDevelopmentbyExampleandGeneralizationDevelopmentbyComparisonandContrastDevelopmentbyCauseandEffectDevelopmentbyClassificationDevelopmentbyDefinitionDevelopmentbyaCombinationofMethodsDevelopmentbyTime:tellingastoryorrecountinganeventinorderoftime--chronologicalsequencing.(firstthingfirstandthelastthinglast)WordsandPhrasesusedindescribingchronologicalrelations:eventually,inthemeantime,now,nowadays,when,before,after,while,during,between…and….,in…(year),since,later,afterwards,earlier,formerly,fromthenon,attheturnofthecentury(decade),inthefirsthalfofthecenturyetc.Simultaneously,simultaneouswith,atthesametimeas,theformer,thelatter,previous,previously,priorto,first,second,etc.Inthefirstplaceinthesecondplace,Tobeginwith,next,then,subsequently,inthenextplace,afteraninterval,thereupon,thereafter,Inconclusion,finally,intheend2.DevelopmentbyProcess:toexplainhowsomethingisdone;tofollowachronologicalsequenceandgiveastep-by-stepdescription.Imperativesentences;presenttense;(eg.Howtodomouth-to-mouthbreathing)3.Developmentbyspace:Describingaplace;Findingoutthespacerelationshipsbetweendifferentpartsordetailsandarrangethedescriptionaccordingly;4.Developmentbyexampleandgeneralization:tosupportatopicsentencewithexamplesorillustrationsKnowledgeoftenresultsonlyafterpersistentinvestigation.(AlbertEinstein,theTheoryofRelativity;Newton,thefallingapple)5.DevelopmentbyComparisonandContrast

a.Blockcomparisonorblockcontrast:examineonethingthoroughlyandthenexaminetheother.b.Alternativecomparisonoralternativecontrast:Examinetwothingsatthesametime,discussingthempointbypoint.6.DevelopmentbyCauseandEffect:a.Tostateaneffectandthedevotetherestoftheparagraphtoexaminingthecauses.Eg.Inthefuture,highereducationhasbecomemoreimportanttoyoungpeoplethanitwaspreviously.(effect)(possiblecauses):Pressureoffiercecompetition,betteropportunitiesinjobmarket,highersalaryetc.b.

Tostateacauseandthenmentionorpredicttheeffect.Eg.MoreandmorefertilelandinChinaistakenupbynewbuildings.(cause)Theeffectsmaybe:thereductionofthegrainoutput,thestarvationofthelocalpeople,morepeoplecrowdedincities,environmentalproblemsetc.7.DevelopmentbyClassification

Itisessentialthatagoodclassificationisparallelism.Eg.Therearethreekindsofbookowners.Thefirsthasallthestandardsetsandbestsellers---unread,untouched…

Thesecondhasagreatmanybooks---afewofthemreadthrough,mostofthemdippedinto…

Thethirdhasafewbooksormany---everyoneofthemdog-earedanddilapidated…8.DevelopmentbyDefinitionToavoidconfusionormisunderstanding,aword,term,orconceptwillhavetobedefined.togiveasynonymtouseasentencetowriteaparagraphorevenanessay9.DevelopmentbyaCombinationofMethodsIt'sanoldclichéthatbeautyisintheeyeofthebeholder,butweseeevidenceofiteverywherewelook.Thereislittledoubtthatpeopleinterpretbeautyinmanydifferentways.Anarchaeologistwillseebeautyinaboneorafragmentofstonewhileotherswillseeonlyafragmentofmatter.Ascientistwillseebeautyinaformulaorachemicalreactionwhileotherswillturnawayinconfusionordisgust.Adogbreederwillseebeautyinaparticularbreedofdogwhiletheirneighborswillseeonlyadrawling,smellybeastbusyfoulingtheroadways.Abusinessmanmayseebeautyinhealthybankstatement.Forme,beautydoesnotresideinmatterorotherlivingbeings,butinmusic.Aviolinbeingplayedbyatalentedmusiciancaneasilyreducemetotearsbythesheerbeautyofthesound.Beautyisnotsomethingyoucantouch,butsomethingetherealandbeyondourreach.

(extendeddefinition,givingexample,contrast,classification)Unity,coherenceandtransitionofparagraphUnity:Aunifiedparagraphistheonethatallthesentencesleadtoonecentraltheme.Coherence:Thecoherenceofaparagraphisconcernedwithitsform,oritsorganization.Thesentencesshouldbearrangedinaclear,logicalorder,andthetransitionsshouldbesmoothandnatural.

Transition:Evenifthewriterarrangesthesentencesinaclear,logicalorder,withoutgoodtransitionscoherencemaynotbeperfect.Dr.EdwardC.Tolman,afterexperimentingwithratsoveralongperiodofyears,foundthatratsthatlearnedtorunamazeunderthepressureofhungertookmuchlongertolearnthemazethanratsthatlearnedundernon-crisisconditions.Furthermore,thelearningthatdidtakeplacewasofanarrowtype.Thatis,afterlearningthe"right"route,theseratspanickedifoneavenuewereblockedoff.Theywerenotabletosurveythefieldtonoticealternativeroutes.Ontheotherhand,whentheratswerepermittedtolearnundernon-crisisconditions,theylaterperformedwellinacrisis.

UsingComputerWisely

Thecomicreflectstheimageofourmodernworldinwhichtechnologyhasbeenaninseparablepartofpeople’sdailylife.Asisshown,themaninthepictureusesalaptopatworkandhome,forbusinessandentertainment,soobsessedthatheevendreamsaboutbendingoverhislaptop.Itisundeniablethatthishasbeenacommonsceneandtheoveruseofcomputershasarousedgreatconcern.Inmyopinion,peopleshouldbecautiousoftheexcessiveuseofcomputersforthefollowingreasons.Inthefirstplace,itwillinevitablyaffectpeople’shealthiftheysitbeforecomputersandstareatthescreensforlonghours,whichmayresultinmusclepainandvisualimpair.Secondly,playingcomputersaloneisolatespeoplefromothers.Relationshipsintherealworldaremaintainedthroughhumancontactandspendingtimewitheachotherinsteadofchitchattingonline.Insummary,peopleshouldcutdowntheircomputeruseforhealthandsocialreasons.Computersarenotcontrollersbuttoolsinourlife.ShouldParentsDecideChildren’sLife?Inthisillustration,wecanseethatateenagegirlhappilyinformshermotherofthenewsthatsheisadmittedtothecollegewhichhermotherhasselectedforher.Thepictureimpliesthegreatinfluencethatparentshaveontheirchildren’sdecisions.Choosingcollegeforthemisatypicalexample.Itisevidentthatparents’thoughtsandbehaviorsshapehowtheirchildrenthinkandbehave.However,inmyopinion,itisinappropriateforparentstomakeeverymajorlifedecisionfortheirchildren.Foronething,eachchildisanindividualwithhisowncharacter.Children’sperceptionsoflifemaybedifferentfromtheirparents’,sotheirchoicesmaydiverge.Foranother,parentscannotfullycomprehendwhattheirchildrenwantorneedandthereforetheirdecisionisnotnecessarilythebestchoicefortheirchildren.Allinall,itisadvisablethatparentsrespecttheirchildren’schoicesandletthembethemastersoftheirownlives.TheImpactofMobilePhoneUseonEducationThepresentedpicturereflectsacommontrendinthewaypeopleareeducatednowadays.Inthispicture,themotherisgoingtowalkhersontoschool.Butaccordingtotheson,hedoesn’treallyneedtogotoschoolsincethephoneinhishandalreadyknowseverything.Thepicturerevealstheimpactofmobilephoneuseoneducation.Canmobilephonereplacetraditi