過去分詞講解版

Pastparticiple

非謂語不定式表將來現(xiàn)在分詞主動進行過去分詞被動完成表語定語賓語補足語狀語過去分詞做表語做表語的過去分詞主要來自于及物動詞，在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中，說明所處的狀態(tài)。eg。Youseemfrightened.Youaremistaken.注意要區(qū)分"系動詞（be）+過去分詞”（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）和“系動詞（be）+過去分詞”（被動語態(tài)）。Thelibraryisnowclosed.Thelibraryisclosedatsix。作表語的過去分詞表示主語的特點或所處的狀態(tài)，強調(diào)主謂關(guān)系。被動語態(tài)表示動作，強調(diào)動賓關(guān)系。過去分詞作定語anhonoredguestaretiredteacherthefallenleavesWhereweretheguestsinvitedtoyourpartylastnight?單個的過去分詞作定語放在被修飾詞之前,表示被動和完成意義。不及物動詞的過去分詞不表被動，表完成過去分詞短語做定語時，通常放在被修飾的名詞之后，相當于一個定語從句multiplechoices1Mostoftheartists____tothepartywerefromsouthAfrica。A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited2Didyougototheparty_____onNewYear'sEve?A.heldB.tobeholdingC.tobeheldD.beingheld3Englishisoneofthemostwidely____languagesintheworld.A.useB.UsingC.usedD.touse4。_____Englishisdifferentfrom____Englishinmanyways.A.Spoken;writtenB.Speaking;writtenC.Spoken；writingD。Speak；write5。Thebridge_____nowovertheChangjiangRiverwilbecompleteattheendofthisyear。A.builtB.isbeingbuiltC.beingbuiltD.tobebuilt

過去分詞做賓補賓語補足語是用來補充說明句子的賓語。過去分詞作賓補時有以下特點：①過去分詞常表示動作的完成，狀態(tài)或動作的全過程。②賓語與過去分詞在邏輯上常存在被動關(guān)系③不及物動詞的過去分詞做賓補時沒有被動意義，只表示動作的完成和狀態(tài)。帶有過去分詞做賓補的動詞有四大類①.表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞：see，hear，find,notice,watch,feel等，eg.Wefindeverythingaroundcompletelychanged.Sheheardthedoorshutwithabang.②。表示'致使"的動詞：make，get，have，leave,keep等。意為：使某人或某事被...eg.Hestoodupinordertomakehimselfseenbyothers。③.表示希望要求等意義的詞：like，want，wish，order等，意為希望要求某事或某人被...eg.Thereaderswishedthestorycontinued.④.with+賓語+Ved表示賓語和動詞之間是被動關(guān)系。注意：做補語的過去分詞必須是及物動詞，若是不及物動詞，后面需加介詞。Sheishappytohearherbabywelllookedafter。multiplechoices1.Johnwasmade____thetruckforaweekasapunishment.A.tobewashingB.washingC.washD.towash2.Somethingiswrongwithmywatch.Imusthaveit____.A.repairB.repairingC.torepairD.repaired3.Whatevershesaid,shecouldn'tmakeherself_____.A.understandB.tounderstandC.understandingD.understood

4.Themotherssawtheirchildrenwell____atthenursery.A.takingcareofB.totakecareofC.tobetakencareofD.takencareof5.Whenheenteredtheroom,hefoundMary____atthedesk.A.seatingB.satC.seatedD.sittingherself6.Inordernottobedisturbed,Ispentthreehours___inmystudy.A.lockingB.lockedC.tolockD.beinglock過去分詞作狀語過去分詞做狀語時，與主句的主語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，可以表示時間，原因，條件，結(jié)果，讓步，行為方式或伴隨情況等。eg.Armedwithknives,thepeasantsrushedintothehouse.Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn'tdotheworkbetter.二.用法說明①分詞動作的邏輯主語應該是主句的主語。若分詞的邏輯主語不是主句的主語，則不用分詞，應用完整的狀語從句或獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。eg.Movedbyhisstory,sheburstintotears.Becauseshewasmovedbyhisstory,tearscameoutofhereyes.②使用現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞作狀語，應根據(jù)主句主語和分詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系來確定。若構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞；若構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞。③習慣做插入語起評注說明作用，用法固定，不用考慮邏輯上的關(guān)系。常用的有：generallyspeaking，considering，supposingthat（假如）talkingof（說到，談到）judgingfrom（從..來判斷）seeingthat（鑒于）multiplechoices1._____withpaperbooks,e-bookswouldhavemoreadvantages.A.ComparedB.ComparingC.TocomparedD.Ifcomparing2.Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,___bytwostudents.A.tobefollowedB.followedC.followingD.tofollow3.Thestudentsenteredtheclassroom，___theirteacher.A.followingB.followedC.followD.byfollowing4.____fromhislooks,heisakindman.A.judgingB.BeingjudgingC.TojudgeD.Judge5._____thewindowsandthedoor,thestudentslefttheroom.A.BeingclosedB.ClosedC.HavingclosedD.Toclose6._____adeepbreath,theydivedintowater.A.takenB.TakingC.TotakeD.Tookpractice1.Pricesofdailygoods_____throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.

A.areboughtB.bought

C.beenboughtD.buying2.Thefirsttextbooks____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.

A.HavingwrittenB.tobewritten

C.beingwrittenD.written3．Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget____bythehour.

A．pay

B．paying

C．paid

D．topay

4.AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot______frommyfriends.

A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed5.Mostoftheartists_____tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.

A.invitedB.toinvite

C.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited

6.Thecomputercenter,_____lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.

A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened7.Thegirl_____downwasdying.

A.knockB.knockedC.knockingD.toknock8.—Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?

—Thekey_____theproblemistomeetthedemand_____bythecustomers.

A.tosolving;making

B.tosolving;made

C.tosolve;making

D.tosolve;made9.Don’tusewords,expressions,orphrases_____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.

A.beingknownB.havingbeenknown

C.tobeknownD.known

10.Theforeignguest,______bytheinterpretcameoutofthehall.A.followingB.tofollowC.followedD.tobefollowed

11.Heseemsquite_____attheidea.A.pleasing.B.pleased.C.please.D.pleasant.

12.Shefeltrather_______thatsheshouldn’tdrivethecaratsucha_______speed.

A.frightening,frighteningB.frightened,frightenedC.frightening,frightenedD.frightened,frightening13.TellMarythatthere’ssomeone____forheratthedoor.

A.waiting.B.waits.C.waited.D.towait.14.Thereisabigdog____toafenceoutsidethehouse.

A.tying.B.tied.C.totie.D.ties.15.TheOlympicGames,___in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912