大學(xué)英語寫作技巧與訓(xùn)練(圖畫寫作技巧)

Approach1.CartoonWritingPractice

I.圖畫作文應(yīng)試步驟與技巧1）仔細(xì)研讀作文考試指令，搞清楚作文的具體要求。2）仔細(xì)觀察分析畫面，如人物表情、特征、周圍的環(huán)境;找出圖中事物之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系；充分發(fā)揮想像力，弄清畫面的真正含義。圖畫作文可分為圖片、漫畫與照片等多種。此類作文大部分是一幅圖，也會有多幅圖出現(xiàn)的情況。如果出現(xiàn)兩幅圖，則很有可能是突顯對比的情況。3）反復(fù)閱讀所給關(guān)鍵詞。圖畫上可能沒有任何文字，也可能在上面出現(xiàn)了一句話，也可以單個人物說話或兩個人物對話，也可能在圖畫外寫了總結(jié)性話語（一般是非常重要的，應(yīng)予譯出）。從中悟出試題設(shè)計(jì)者要闡述的中心思想,從而構(gòu)思出短文的內(nèi)容。切忌把這些關(guān)鍵詞丟在一邊任意發(fā)揮。從2000年開始，考研大作文考查的一直都是圖畫作文，且多反映的是與人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钕嚓P(guān)的社會現(xiàn)象與問題，如文化教育、道德修養(yǎng)、家庭關(guān)系、自然環(huán)境等4）草擬提綱。根據(jù)情景的發(fā)展和已給出的關(guān)鍵詞，綜合考慮先寫什么，后寫什么，哪兒要重點(diǎn)寫，哪兒要扼要闡述，分幾段等。5）組織材料，豐富短文。提綱擬好后，利用“涌泉式思維(brainstorm)”將與話題有關(guān)的信息記錄下來并細(xì)化歸納，寫出一篇邏輯性強(qiáng)又緊扣畫面文章。1.2圖畫類作文結(jié)構(gòu)：“現(xiàn)象或問題——原因或利弊分析——解決辦法”（基本是每年四六級必考段落內(nèi)容）

a.描述圖畫(DescriptionoftheCartoon)

b.推導(dǎo)繪畫者的意圖(ImplicationoftheCartoon)

c.做出評論(CommentGiving)首先，開門見山但十分簡練、準(zhǔn)確地描述圖畫；其次，推導(dǎo)繪畫者的意圖。方法有二：此現(xiàn)象或問題的表現(xiàn)和此現(xiàn)象的危害（弊）與意義（利）或問題產(chǎn)生的原因（可把簡單意圖推導(dǎo)直接放到第一段描述圖畫之后，而在第二段中說原因）。最后，解決問題。包括提出建議、表明觀點(diǎn)、展望未來等一種或多種形式并存。如果談?wù)摰氖呛檬?，或者解釋一下就結(jié)束，或者提出如何進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的方法;不好的事情就要寫出如何解決的辦法。II.圖畫作文模板第一段

(1)

Asisvividlydepictedinthepicture,(描述圖畫)，(whichseemstobehumorousandridiculousbutthought-provokingonsecondthoughts）(2)

Themoststrikingfeaturethatimpressesmedeeplyis

(圖畫重點(diǎn)信息).

(3)

Thereisnodoubtthatitssymbolicmeaningsubtlyconveyedshouldbegivendeepconsideration.第二段(1)

Toaccountfortheabove-mentionedphenomenon,severalseriouseffectshavebeenputforward.(2)

Tobeginwith,

主題

notonlyresultsdoesharmtoourphysicalandmentalhealthbutalsoresultsinafrustratingandhumiliatinglife.(3)

Inaddition,nothingismoreharmfulthan主題

tocontradictwithaharmonioussociety.(4)

Lastbutnottheleast,noissueisasharmfulas主題

toincreasefamilyburdens,whichisathreateningsituationweareunwillingtosee.(5)

Nobetterillustrationofthisideacanbethoughtthantheexamplementionedbelow.(6)AccordingtoasurveymadebyChinaDaily,63.93%ofyoungpeoplewhohaveeverexperienced主題willliveadulllifeorevenfeellossofhopeaboutthefuture.(7)

Ifwecannottakeusefulmeans,wemaynotcontrolthistrend,andsomeundesirableresultsmaycomeoutunexpectedly,wewillseethegloomyfutureofsomething.第三段(1)

Fromwhathavebeendiscussedabove,itistherefore,necessarythatsomeeffectivemeasuresaretakentoprevent

主題.(2)

Ontheonehand,weshouldbesensibletostrengthentheenforcementofthelawstoprotectsomething.(3)

Ontheotherhand,itisdemandingforustokeeppeopleawareoftheimportanceofsavingsomebodyoutoftheevilhandsofdestruction.(4)

However,itiseasiersaidthandone.(5)

Althoughthefightagainstitislong-standingandtremendousone,oureffortswilleventuallypayoff.(6)

Onlywhenyouattentiontoitcanyouseeacolorfulandharmoniousfuturebettersoonerorlater.Directions：Forthispart，youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicTheImpactoftheInternetonInterpersonalCommunication.Youarerequiredtogiveabriefdescriptionofthecartoonandthencommentonit.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

III.例題分析（1）：

2012年6月六級真題回顧點(diǎn)評：

2012年6月份考到了較為少見的圖畫評論式作文，要求先對圖畫進(jìn)行簡要描述，再對圖畫所描述現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行評論。此次作文，內(nèi)容方面上有兩項(xiàng)要求：圖畫描述+根據(jù)圖畫內(nèi)容評論主題。針對該次作文，閱卷中發(fā)現(xiàn)跑題同學(xué)不在少數(shù)，主要有以下幾種類型：1）只見樹木，不見森林：即重點(diǎn)寫圖畫中的blog，而忽略了題目中Internet和interpersonalcommunication才是重點(diǎn)所在。2）重點(diǎn)偏題：即詳細(xì)闡述了internet對現(xiàn)代生活的影響，殊不知題目要求internet的影響是局限在interpersonalcommunication上。3）題目要求對圖畫描述，但被考生忽略，或未能從interpersonalcommunication角度對圖畫要旨進(jìn)行介紹。

此類全英文命題形式在答題時可根據(jù)題目“內(nèi)容要求”先自擬三個漢語提綱，然后再依照提綱去寫相應(yīng)的“功能段落”，這樣全英文命題與傳統(tǒng)作文就沒有差異了。提綱如下：1.所給圖畫描述了一個很有意思的場景：……2.網(wǎng)絡(luò)對人際交流的影響：利弊3.我的建議

TheImpactoftheInternetonInterpersonalCommunication首段：（圖畫描述：現(xiàn)象）

Givenisacartoonwhichillustratesaratherinterestingscene：

thefather，sittinginsofa，asksabouthisdaughter'sschoollife，withanexpectationoftalkingwithher；however，tohisdisappointment，thegirlsimplyrespondswitharejection："Youcanreadallaboutitonmyblog.”

第二段（利弊段：分析網(wǎng)絡(luò)對人際交流的利弊）

ThiscartooncanbenaturallyassociatedwithimpactsofInternetoninterpersonalcommunication.（圖畫聯(lián)系主題）Ontheonehand，Internetbringsusgreatconvenienceandhelpsustoremovetheobstaclesofdistanceincommunication.ItisInternetthatenablespeopleindifferentplacestokeepintouchwitheachother.WithoutInternet，itisimpossibleforthemtokeepinstantcontactwithothers.（利）

Ontheotherhand，

thisphenomenonisparticularlyworthconcernforthebackgroundthatpeople，likethedaughterincartoon，mayfocustoomucheyesightonInternet，totallyturningablindeyetoface-to-facecommunication.WhatworriesmanyexpertsisthatInterpersonalcommunicationmaybealienatedandindifferent.（弊）

第三段（現(xiàn)象總結(jié)+建議）

Incontemporarysociety，ithasbecomeatrendforpeopletocommunicateviaInternet.Meanwhile，anincreasingnumberofindividualsdeemitconvenient，fastandfashionabletochatonline.（現(xiàn)象）However，Iamconvincedthatweshouldeducate，advocateandencourageourfriends，classmatesandacquaintancestospendmoretimetalkingorchattingfacetoface.（建議）Dobearinmind：Internetismerelyatool.（222words）

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthenexpressyourviewsontheimportanceoflearningbasicskills.Youshouldwriteatleast

120wordsbutnomorethan

200words.WriteyouressayonAnswerSheet1.句酷批改網(wǎng)作文號為：288088III.例題分析（1）：

2013年6月四級真題（1）首先，要看懂圖畫的表面意義，再有就是它的深層本質(zhì)。圖畫中，一群學(xué)生坐在教室里，樣子都傻傻地。老師正在講解乘法口訣表，教的不亦說乎!這個時候一個傻孩子突然提問：“老師，我無意冒犯，但是等到我們工作的時候，這些你教的東西不會過時嗎?”第一段：圖畫描述，這個是本能，是直覺，同時，也是題目中明確要求的(abriefdescriptionofthepicture)，所以你不描繪圖畫，或者是圖畫信息不全，扣分。描述的時候，你要把學(xué)生提問的那句話寫出來，把老師教課的動作寫出來，以及老師聽到學(xué)生挑釁性的提問之后的表情，也要寫出來。第二段：提煉挖掘圖畫的內(nèi)涵。孩子對老師教的知識，確切地說，是對老師教授的基本知識、非實(shí)用性知識的一種質(zhì)疑。所以，你可以在第二段分析一下原因：為什么學(xué)生，也就是現(xiàn)代人的代言，對這種不能馬上用于工作的、帶來回報的、理論性的基礎(chǔ)指示和技能不懈?第三段：結(jié)論和表態(tài)，分析完了原因之后，你要回到主題，那就是我們不能忽視這些基本技能，要喚起大家對“基本技能的重要性”的認(rèn)識。所以，這一段，你可以正面闡述為什么basicskills如此的重要，就可以了。新東方范文BasicLearningSkills

Asisvividlydepictedinthecartoongivenabove,wecanobservethattherearemanystudentssittinginaclassroom.Whenlisteningtotheteacher,oneofthestudentsjustinterruptstheteacherandsays“Nooffense,butbythetimewe’reinthejobmarket,won’tthatstuffbeoutdated?”Havingheardthisquestion,theteacherstopsdemonstratingtheMultiplicationTableandseemstobequiteshockedandembarrassed.

Thecartooninformsusofthephenomenonthatquiteafewstudentsundervaluetheimportanceoflearningbasicskillsthesedays.Confrontedwithfiercercompetitionfromsocietyandemploymentmarket,studentsaremorefocusedonpracticalskillswhichcanbeappliedindailyworkimmediately.Moreover,theyalsofearsthatthebasicknowledgeandskillstheylearntodaywillbeoutdatedbythetimetheyareinthejobmarket.

However,noonecandisclaimtheimportanceoflearningbasicskills.Itenablesustolayastrongfoundationforfurtherlearningandexploration.Inotherwords,thosewhohavemasteredbasicskillswellaremorelikelytoacquireotherskillsandknowledgewithease.Basicskillsareequivalenttothefirststepofsuccess,asanancientChinesesayinggoes,“Aroadofthousandmilestowardsthesuccessbeginswiththefirststep.”4.1開頭句型1.Recentlythephenomenonhasbecomeaheatedtopic.2.Recentlytheproblemhasbeenbroughtintofocus(成為關(guān)注焦點(diǎn)).3.Nowadaysthereisagrowingconcernover…4.

Whatcallsforspecialattentionisthat…5.

There’snodenyingthefactthat…6.

What’sfarmoreimportantisthat…

7.

Itiscommonknowledgethathonestyisthebestpolicy.8.Itiswell-knownthat…9.Manynationshavebeenfacedwiththeproblemof…10.

Aseveryoneknows,noonecandenythat…11.Assth.rapidlydevelops，…IV.

語言表達(dá)模式4.1開頭句型12.Aproverbsays,“…”（適用于已記住的名言）13.

Itgoeswithoutsayingthat(不言而喻)…（適用于自編名言）下面各句同樣適合圖表作文：

14.

Accordingtoarecentsurvey，…15.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,about…ofsb.dosth.16.

Arecentstatisticsshowsthat…IV.

語言表達(dá)模式4.2結(jié)尾句型4.2.1表示方向性的句型：

1)Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove，wecandrawtheconclusionthat…2)Inconclusion，itisimperative\necessarythat…3)Itcanbeconcludedfromthediscussionthat…4)Insummary，ifwecontinuetoignoretheabove-mentionedissue，moreproblemswillcropup.5)Withtheeffortsofallpartsconcerned，theproblemwillbesolvedthoroughly.6)Takingalltheseintoaccount，we…

7)Whetheritisgoodornot/positiveornegative，onethingiscertain/clearthat…IV.

語言表達(dá)模式IV.

語言表達(dá)模式8)Allthingsconsidered，…

9)Itmaybesafelysaidthat…10)Therefore，inmyopinion，it’smoreadvisablethat…

11)

Manysolutions

arebeingoffered…12)Thereisnoeasymethod,but…mightbehelpful...13)Itisclearthatthetaskdemandsgreatefforts…4.2.2表示建設(shè)性的句型1)

Thereisnodoubtthatattention

mustbepaid…2)Itisnecessarythatsteps

shouldbetaken...3)Obviously,Itis（high）timethatweurgedanendto...4)Accordingly,Irecommendthatsomemeasuresbetaken.5)Consequently,tosolvetheproblem,somemeasuresshouldbetaken.6)Itishopedthatefforts

bemade...7)Inshort,weshould...8)Whatweneedis...9)Itishopedthatefforts

bemade...10)Inshort,weshould...11)Whatweneedis...12)Manysolutions

arebeingoffered…13)Thereisnoeasymethod,but…mightbehelpful...14)Itisclearthatthetaskdemandsgreatefforts…15)Frommypointofview，itwouldbebetterif...IV.

語言表達(dá)模式4.2.3

表比較句型1)

AfaroutweighB.2)TheadvantagesofAaremuchgreaterthanthoseofB.3)

AmaybepreferabletoB，butAsuffersfromthedisadvantagesthat……4)Forallthedisadvantages，ithasitscompensatingadvantages.5)Likeanythingelse，Ahasitsfaults.6)

AandBhasseveralpointsincommon.7)However，AisnotapplicabletoB.8)

AandBdifferinseveralways.9)Evidently，ithasbothnegativeandpositiveeffects.IV.

語言表達(dá)模式4.2.4表原因句型1)Anumberoffactorsareaccountablefor\accountfor\contributeto\leadtothisphenomenon\problem\situation.2)Thefactorsthatcontributetothephenomenon\problem\situation…include...

3)Thephenomenon\problem\situationmainlystemsfrom\resultsfromthefactthat…4)Partoftheexplanationsforphenomenon\problem\situationisthat…5)Thechangein…largelystemsfrom\resultsfromthefactthat…IV.

語言表達(dá)模式4.2.4表原因句型6)Oneofthemostcommonfactors\causes\reasons

isthat…7)Anothercontributingfactors\causesis…8)Perhapstheprimaryfactor\causeisthat…9)Butthefundamentalcauseisthat…10)Therearemanyfactors\causes\reasonsfor…11)That'sthereasonwhy…12)Theanswertothisphenomenon\problem\situation

involvesmanyfactors\causes\reasons

.IV.

語言表達(dá)模式4.2.5表結(jié)果句型1)Itmaygiverisetoahostof(許多)problems.2)Theimmediateresultitproducesis…3)Itwillexerciseaprofoundinfluence(深遠(yuǎn)的影響)upon…4)Itsconsequencecanbesogreatthat…4.2.6表反駁句型1)Itistruethat…，butonevitalpointisbeingleftout(忽視).2)Thereisagrainoftruth(一絲真理)inthesestatements，buttheyignoreamoreimportantfact.3)Manyofushavebeenundertheillusionthat…4)Itmakesnosense(毫無意義)toarguefor…5)Suchastatementmainlyrestson(依靠)theassumptionthat…6)Contrarytowhatiswidelyaccepted，Imaintainthat…IV.

語言表達(dá)模式4.2.7表證明句型1)Noonecandenythefactthat…2)Theideaishardlysupportedbyfacts.3)Unfortunately，noneoftheavailabledatashows…4)Recentstudiesindicatethat…5)Thereissufficientevidencetoshowthat……6)Accordingtostatisticsprovedby…，itcanbeseenthat…IV.

語言表達(dá)模式4.2.8表例舉句型first（firstly/thefirst/inthefirstplace）,second（secondly/thesecond/inthesecondplace）,third（thirdly/thethird/inthethirdplace）,last（finally/thelast/lastly（不推薦）強(qiáng)烈推薦:1)tobeginwith,then,furthermore,finally2)tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally3)firstandforemost,besides,lastbutnotleast4)mostimportantofall,moreover,finally5)ontheonehand,ontheotherhand6)foronething,foranotherthing7)inonesetting,inanotherIV.

語言表達(dá)模式Studythefollowingdrawingcarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould:

1.describethedrawing,

2.interpretitsmeaning,and

3.makeyourcomment.

Youshouldwrite160~200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.V.Practices2013年6月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題試卷

2句酷批改網(wǎng)作文號為：2880972013年6月大學(xué)英語四級考試真題試卷3句酷批改網(wǎng)作文號為：2881052013年12月14日英語四級考試作文真題1

Directions:Forthispart,you’reallowed3