2021高中英語(yǔ) Unit 3 Computers grammar課件 新人教必修2

Unit3ComputersPeriod

4語(yǔ)法專題課

Lead-inAreyoufamiliarwiththesecomputers?Canyoucallthem?palmtoplaptop/notebookdesktopPCWWPCwrist-worn/wearablePCAwrist-wornPChasbeeninventedrecently.Apen-likecomputerhasalreadybeendeveloped.ThenewcampusofQufuNo.1MiddleSchoolhasalready

beenbuilt.Thehouseshavebeendestroyedbythestorm.I.Readthesentencesfromthetext,payingattentiontotheunderlinedparts.OvertimeIhavebeenchangedquitealot.2.…,Ihavebeenusedinofficesandhomessincethe1970s.3.…IneverforgetanythingIhavebeentold!4.Sincethe1970s,manynewapplicationshavebeenfoundforme.5.Ihavealsobeenputintorobotsandusedtomakemobilephonesas…

Task1.Presentation

II.

Translation

1.Twowindowshavebeenbroken．

2.Thecarhasnotbeenrepaired．

兩個(gè)窗子被打破了。

這輛汽車還沒(méi)有被修好。

3．

─Havethecarsbeenrepaired？─No，theyhaven’t．

4．

Howlonghas

herworkbeenfinished？

這些汽車修好了嗎？不，還沒(méi)有。

她的工作完成有多久了？

講解歸納1.構(gòu)成：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

have/hasdoneThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice

（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）have/hasbeendone2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的各種句式：[肯定式]

have/has＋been＋done

Yourcomputerhasbeenrepaired.你的電腦已經(jīng)修好了。[否定式]

have/has＋not＋been＋done

Thedeskshavenotbeencleaned.這些桌子還沒(méi)有擦干凈。[疑問(wèn)式]Have/Has＋主語(yǔ)＋＋been＋done?—Hasthedoorbeenpainted?那扇門粉粉刷了嗎嗎？—No，ithasn’t.不，還沒(méi)沒(méi)有。[特殊疑問(wèn)式]疑問(wèn)詞＋＋have／has＋＋主語(yǔ)＋＋been＋doneHowlonghasherworkbeenfinished？她的工作作完成有有多久了了？3.現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在完成成時(shí)被動(dòng)動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的的主要用用法1)表示過(guò)去去發(fā)生的的動(dòng)作對(duì)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造造成的影影響與結(jié)結(jié)果。當(dāng)當(dāng)動(dòng)詞為為短暫動(dòng)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，，可與already或yet連用，但但不能與與for或since引導(dǎo)的表表示一段段的時(shí)間間狀語(yǔ)連連用。例例如：I’msorry，butthelettershaven’’tbeentypedyet.很抱歉，，這些信信件還沒(méi)沒(méi)有被打打印出來(lái)來(lái)。(結(jié)果是，，現(xiàn)在還還拿不到到這些信信件)Theworkhasalreadybeenfinished.工作已完完成了。。(結(jié)果是，，現(xiàn)在不不用做這這項(xiàng)工作作了)2)表示一個(gè)個(gè)被動(dòng)的的動(dòng)作或或狀態(tài)開(kāi)開(kāi)始于過(guò)過(guò)去，持持續(xù)到現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在，并并有可能能持續(xù)下下去，常常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)語(yǔ)連用，，或用于于Howlong...？句型中中。例如如：Theplanhasbeendiscussedfornearly2hours.這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃劃已被討討論了近近兩個(gè)小小時(shí)了。。3)用在時(shí)間間或條件件狀語(yǔ)從從句中，，表示將將來(lái)某時(shí)時(shí)已完成成的動(dòng)作作，即用用現(xiàn)在完完成時(shí)的的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)語(yǔ)態(tài)代替替將來(lái)完完成時(shí)的的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Youcangohomeassoonasyourtaskhasbeenfinished.你的任務(wù)務(wù)一完成成就可以以回家。。Ⅰ.完成句子子1．由于大大雪，高高速公路路已經(jīng)被被封閉。。Thefreeway_______________becauseoftheheavysnow.答案：hasbeenclosed2．對(duì)不起起，先生生，這次次展覽的的門票已已經(jīng)全部部賣完了了。Sorry，sir，alltheticketsfortheexhibition________________.答案：havebeensoldoutTask2Testyourself!3．這座城市明明年將建多少少座大樓？Howmanyhighbuildings________________inthiscitynextyear?答案：willbebuilt4．為了多種一一些谷物，很很多樹(shù)被砍掉掉了。Largenumbersoftrees______________togrowmoregrain.答案：havebeencutdown5．我喜歡這部部科幻電影，，它已經(jīng)在電電視上播了三三次了。Ilikethissciencefictionfilmandit_____________threetimesonTV.答案：hasbeenbroadcastⅡ.單項(xiàng)填空1．Hissisterlefthomein1998，and_______since.A．hadnotbeenheardofB．hasnotbeenheardofC．hadnotheardofD．hasnotheardof解析：選B?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài)。。句意為：：他姐姐1998年離家出走走，從此杳杳無(wú)音信。。根據(jù)句中中since可知本題需需用完成時(shí)時(shí)，同時(shí)根根據(jù)句意可可知需用現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選選B項(xiàng)。2．Thenewdictionariesareveryuseful.They________welland________already.A．sell；havebeensoldoutB．sold；hadsoldoutC．sell；selloutD．a(chǎn)resold；havebeensoldout解析：選A。第一空sell說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的的性質(zhì)，為為不及物動(dòng)動(dòng)詞用法，，不能用于于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)態(tài)；第二空空根據(jù)副詞詞already可知“已賣完了”；且sellout(售完)與dictionaries間為被動(dòng)關(guān)關(guān)系，故選選A項(xiàng)。3．—Canwesitatthetablenearthewindow?—I’msorry，butit________already.A．wastakenB．tookC．hastakenD．hasbeentaken解析：選D。it代指thetable，和take之間是被動(dòng)動(dòng)關(guān)系；又又根據(jù)already和句意可知知用現(xiàn)在完完成時(shí)，故故答案選D項(xiàng)。4.IwanttobuythiskindofclothbecauseI_______thecloth________well.A．havetold；washedB．havebeentold；washesC．havebeentold；washedD．wastold；washed解析析：：選B。根根據(jù)據(jù)句句意意“因?yàn)闉槲椅冶槐桓娓嬷@這種種布布很很好好洗洗”可知知第第一一空空用用完完成成時(shí)時(shí)的的被被動(dòng)動(dòng)語(yǔ)語(yǔ)態(tài)態(tài)；；第第二二空空表表示示主主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)具具有有的的屬屬性性，，用用主主動(dòng)動(dòng)表表被被動(dòng)動(dòng)，，故故用用washes。Correctthefollowingsentences.1.Apersonalcomputerhasboughtbyus.2.Whathasbeenhappenedtoyou?Apersonalcomputerhasbeenboughtbyus.whathashappenedtoyou?Task3Extension3.Ourcomputerjusthasbeenjoinedtotheinternet.4.ThechildhasbeentakengoodcarebyGrandmaWangalltheseyears.Ourcomputerhasjustbeenjoinedtotheinternet.ThechildhasbeentakengoodcareofbyGrandmaWangalltheseyears.5.Howlonghasthebookbeenborrowed?Howlonghasthebookbeenkept?1.使使用現(xiàn)在在完成時(shí)時(shí)的被動(dòng)動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)要要注意以以下幾點(diǎn)點(diǎn):1)現(xiàn)在完成成時(shí)的被被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)態(tài)的兩個(gè)個(gè)助動(dòng)詞詞，即have/has和been，兩者缺缺一不可可。2)只有及物物動(dòng)詞才才有被動(dòng)動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，，不及物動(dòng)動(dòng)詞（詞詞組）沒(méi)沒(méi)有被動(dòng)動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),如:happen,takeplace,die,appear,disappear,fail,remain,lie,last,sit,stand,breakout,cometrue,belongto等等．Conclusion:3)副副詞的的位置often,usually,always,never,hardly,seldom等副詞置置于have/has和been中間。如如:[誤]Suchamanhasbeenhardlybelieved.[正]Suchamanhashardlybeenbelieved.4)許許多不不及物動(dòng)動(dòng)詞加介介詞或副副詞構(gòu)成成的短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，相相當(dāng)于及及物動(dòng)詞詞，也可可以有被被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)態(tài)。但短語(yǔ)動(dòng)動(dòng)詞是一一個(gè)不可可分割的的整體，，變?yōu)楸槐粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，，不可丟掉掉構(gòu)成短短語(yǔ)的介介詞或副副詞。如：e.g.Anoticehasbeenputuponthewall.5)非延續(xù)性性動(dòng)詞，，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等構(gòu)成的的現(xiàn)在完完成時(shí)的的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)語(yǔ)態(tài)不能能與表示示一段時(shí)時(shí)間的狀狀語(yǔ)連用用。若要要表達(dá)相相應(yīng)的意意思，則則要改換換動(dòng)詞或或時(shí)態(tài)。。Ⅰ.用括號(hào)內(nèi)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞或或詞組的的適當(dāng)形形式填空空1．Morethan5,000usedbikes__________________(collect)sincethetwobrotherssetuptheorganisation.答案：havebeencollected2．Sincethecauseofthisdisease________________(discover)，nowweneedtodevelopthemedicinetotreatit.答案：hasbeendiscoveredTask4Consolidation.3．Overthepasttenyears，thistown__________(hit)twicebyearthquakes.答案：hasbeenhit4．—Willthelecturebeheldat4o’clockthisafternoon?—No.It__________________(putoff)tilltomorrowafternoon.答案：hasbeenputoff5．Hernovelisverypopularamongpeopleofallages；sofarit____________(translate)into25languages.答案：hasbeentranslatedII.Choosethebestanswers.1.Allthepreparationsforthetask____,andwe’rereadytostart.A.completedB.completeC.hadbeencompletedD.havebeendone2.----Howlong____atthisjob?----Since1990.A.wereyouemployedB.haveyoubeenemployedC.hadyoubeenemployedD.willyoubeemployed3.Whenandwheretogofortheon-sa