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2020-2021學(xué)年新人教版高中英語必修3:Unit4SpaceExploration單元檢測(cè)卷(四)(120分鐘150分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。Text1W:①Wouldyoulookatthispaper?M:What?W:ThePerdinkswonthebaseballgamelastnight.M:Wow.IwishIhadseenitinsteadoftheboringmoviefilledupwithadvertisements.1.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.Watchingamovie.B.Readinganewspaper.C.Makinganadvertisement.答案:BText2M:Let’smeetat20to5.W:Well.②Couldwemakeit20past5?W:That’sabitlateforme.②Icouldmanage10past.M:OK.Seeyouthen.2.Atwhattimewillthetwospeakersmeet?A.5:20.B.5:10.C.5:40.答案:BText3M:Whattimeareweleavingfortheouting?W:I’llphoneyoutomorrow.③Ishouldhaveeverythingsortedoutbythen.3.Whatwillthemando?A.Changetheplan. B.Waitforaphonecall.C.Sortthingsout.答案:CText4W:④Themosturgentthingformeatthemomentisplanningthiswedding.M:I’msuchabadfriend.Congratulations!Ihadnoideayouwereengaged.W:Well,wehaven’tgotaroundtotellingalotofpeople.4.Whatisgoingonwiththewoman?A.Sheisgoingtogetmarried.B.Shehasabadfriend.C.Sheforgetstotellpeoplethings.答案:AText5W:Thiscarlooksabitold,canyoustilldriveit?M:Well,mylittlebabemaylooknotyoung,⑤butit’sstillasvigorousasitwas15yearsago!5.Whatisthecarlike?A.It’spowerful. B.Itlooksnew.C.Itcan’tbedrivenanymore.答案:A第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。Text6M:Hello,Mary,thisisTed.⑥Myflightjustlanded.Ithoughtyouhadarrangedforsomeonetomeetmehereandtakemetothehotel.W:Idid!Wasn’ttheresomeoneholdingasignwithyournameonit?M:No,therewasn’t.I’vecollectedmyluggage,andnowI’mnotsurewhattodo.W:OK,waitforamomentand⑦I’llgetsomeonethereassoonaspossible.Sorryfortheinconvenience.6.Whereistheman?A.Atanairport. B.Atacompany.C.Atahotel.答案:A7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Collecthisluggagerightaway.B.Holdasignwithhisnameonit.C.Waitforsomeoneelsetopickhimup.答案:C聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。Text7W:Weneedtohaveaserioustalk.M:Aboutwhat?W:⑧Yourattendance—orrather,lackofit.M:OK,soI’vemissedafewclasses?W:Afewclasses?I’vebeentoldyou’vemissedsixoutofeighttimesintwodifferentclasses!That’sreallysettingyourselfuptofail.You’reabouttobeinbigtrouble.M:What’sthebigdealaboutmissingsomeclasses?W:Thebigdealisthatyou’rehereonastudentvisa.M:So?W:Soifyoudon’tattendclassesregularly,youwon’tbeafull-timestudent—whichyourvisarequires.M:Whatareyougoingtodo?Turnmeintothepolice?W:I’llhavetoreportyouifyoucontinuemissingyourclasses.⑨ThenI’mafraidyou’llhavetopackyourthings.8.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Helosthisstudentvisa.B.Heoftenmakestrouble.C.Heisoftenabsentfromclass.答案:C9.Whatistheworstresultoftheman’sbehaviour?A.He’llbesentbackhome.B.He’llhavetorestarthiscourse.C.He’llstayinthepolicestation.答案:A聽第8段材料,回答第10~12題。Text8W:Bob,I’msureyouknowaboutsecond-handsmoke.M:Ofcourse.Ido.W:Buthaveyouheardaboutthird-handsmoke?M:Third-handsmoke?I’mafraidnot.Whatisthatthen?W:Well,⑩itishereintoday’spaper.Parentsmaythinktheyareprotectingchildrenfromsecond-handsmokewhentheysmokeoutsidetheirhomeoronlywhenthechildrenarenotthere.Butnowresearchersarewarningaboutwhattheycallthird-handsmoke.Whenyousmoke,dangerousmatterincigarettesgetsintoyourhairandclothing.Asbabiesaretheweakest,whenyoucometoababy,youpassittothebabyandincreasethechancesofdiseaseinthebaby.M:Isthatso??InthatcaseIhavetosaythatIshouldnevergetclosetoababy.W:That’sright.?Actuallyallsmokingparentsshoulddothesameorbettergiveitupcompletely.10.Howdidthewomangettoknowaboutthird-handsmoke?A.Fromyoungsmokers.B.Fromanewspaperarticle.C.Fromsomesmokingparents.答案:B11.Whydoesthemansaythathewouldkeepawayfrombabies?A.Hehasjustbecomeafather.B.Hewearsdirtyclothes.C.Heisasmoker.答案:C12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestsmokingparentsshoulddo?A.Stopsmokingaltogether.B.Smokeonlyoutsidetheirrooms.C.Reducedangerousmattersincigarettes.答案:A聽第9段材料,回答第13~16題。Text9W:?Howdoyouthinkthekidswerefeelingtonight?M:Theybothseemedbeat.W:Iagree.IthoughtHectorwasgoingtofallasleepatthedinnertable,andyoushouldhaveseenTeresadraggingherselfinfromschooltoday.Shecouldbarelypickupherheadtosayhello.M:Wellit’sbeenabusycoupleofmonths.?Hector’sAPclassesareverydemanding,andhe’sbeenworkingreallyhardatthesupermarket.W:?AndTeresahasbeensobusywiththeschoolmusical.Shewasexcitedwhenshegottheleadrole,butI’mnotsosurethatsheunderstoodwhatitwouldinvolve.M:Isupposethegoodnewsisthatsummerisn’tfaraway.W:It’sagoodlessonforallofusaboutovercommitting.Ithinkweshouldencouragethemtofocusonjustacoupleofactivities,ratherthansomanyatonce.M:Iagree.ButIdon’tthinkweshouldtellthemtoquit,either.Theyneedtolearntofinishwhatthey’vestarted,evenwhenitgetstough.W:?Maybewecanfindawaytoencouragethem.M:Whatdoyouhaveinmind?W:Iwashopingyou’dhavesomeideas.13.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Friends.C.Brotherandsister.答案:A14.What’swrongwithHector?A.He’sbeenworkingtoomuch.B.Heoftenfallsasleepinclass.C.Hedoesn’twanttoworkinthegrocerystore.答案:A15.WhatisTeresabusywith?A.Sheisbusywithamusical.B.SheisbusywithherAPclasses.C.Sheisbusywithherpart-timejob.答案:A16.Howwillthespeakershelptheirchildren?A.Askthemtoquit.B.Encouragethemtokeepgoing.C.Takethemonasummervacation.答案:B聽第10段材料,回答第17~20題。Text10?Goodafternoon,dearcustomers!ThisisaspecialrequestfromthesecuritydepartmenthereatWandaPlaza.Wehopeyouarefindingeverythingyouarelookingfor,butrightnow,weneedyourhelp.Wearelookingfora6-year-oldboynamedLaurenceLynch.Laurence,ifyoucanhearthis,pleasegotothesecuritydesklocatedatthefrontoftheplazanearthePizzaHut.Yourmomislookingforyou.Allotherguests,pleasetakeamomenttohelpusfindLaurence.??HismotherClarewaslastwithhiminthefoodsectionabout30minutesago,andshethinksheisstillsomewhereintheplaza,possiblyinthetoysectionorthesportingsection.?Laurenceiswearingaredshirt,bluejeans,whiteshoes,andablackbaseballcap.Heisabout5feet2inchestallwithdarkhairandblueeyes.IfyouseeLaurence,?pleasehelphimtogettothesecuritydesklocatedatthefrontoftheplaza.YoucanalsoapproachanyofourstaffmembersifyouseeLaurenceorhaveanyotherinformationaboutwherehemightbe.Thankyouverymuchforyourhelp,andenjoytherestofyourdayhereatWandaPlaza.17.Wherewasthemissingboylastseen?A.Inthefoodsection.B.Inthesportingsection.C.Inthetoysection.答案:A18.Whenwastheboyprobablylost?A.Ataround9a.m.B.Atabout3p.m.C.Atabout10p.m.答案:B19.Whatistheboywearing?A.Awhiteshirtandaredbaseballcap.B.Bluejeansandablackbaseballcap.C.Adarkshirtandbluejeans.答案:B20.Whatshouldguestsdoiftheyseetheboy?A.Callthesecuritydepartment.B.TakehimtothePizzaHut.C.Helphimtoreachthesecuritydesk.答案:C第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分35分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題2.5分,滿分25分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2020·麗水高一檢測(cè))Ifyougrewupwatchingthekid’stelevisionchannelNickelodeon,youwillprobablyunderstandthatthereisnothinggreaterthanenjoyingitsspecialbrightgreenslime(水晶泥).TheweekofMay11,astronautsaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)joinedtheslime.Nickelodeonsenttwokilosofitsgreenslimeintospaceinthesummerof2019.TheSlimeinSpaceproject’sideawastocreateaneducationaltripforteacherstouseinclass.Thegreenslimewasalsousedtoguideastronautsthroughaseriesofexperimentsthatweredesignedtolearnmoreabouthowslimeactsinmicrogravity.ResearchersfromPortlandStateUniversity(PSU)wereexcitedtodesigntheexperimentsfortheproject.MarkWeislogelandhispartnerdesignedeightshowsforNASAastronautsandEuropeanSpaceAgencyastronautsaboardtoperform.Ifyou’rewonderingwhatwecouldhopetolearnfromsendingslimeintospace,theanswerliesinitsveryname.Slimeisslimy.Thisisbecauseitisaliquidthatisthickerthanliquidslikewater.ThismakesslimeactinunexpectedwaysinthemicrogravityoftheISS.ImprovingourunderstandingofhowthickerliquidsactinspacemayhelpusimprovethedesignofsystemsthatsomethingweredesignedwithEarth’sgravityinmind.“Interestingly,weconsiderliquidonEarthasthattakestheshapeofitscontainer,”KochtellsCNN.“Waterjustturnsintoaballinmicrogravity,sowe’vehadtohaveanewunderstandingofdifferentkindsofmatterinspace.ThisexperimentshowshowmicrogravitycanhelpusunderstandthingsonEarth,especiallythethingswetakeforgranted.”【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了宇航員把水晶泥帶入太空進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)以及這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的重要意義。21.InParagraph1,Nickelodeonismentioned.

A.tointroducethetopicB.toattractthekidsC.tomakeadvertisementsD.toshareaTVshow【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知,文章主要介紹了宇航員把水晶泥帶入太空進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),這對(duì)于我們研究地球物質(zhì)有很大意義,可推斷第一段提到Nickelodeon的水晶泥是為了引出話題。故選A。22.Whyaretheexperimentswithslimedesignedinspace?A.Becausetheygetstudentsinterestedinspace.B.Becauseslimetakestheshapeofitscontainer.C.BecauseslimeispopularwithkidsintheTVshow.D.Becausetheyhelpusunderstandhowslimeactsinspace.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“Thegreenslimewasalsousedtoguideastronautsthroughaseriesofexperimentsthatweredesignedtolearnmoreabouthowslimeactsinmicrogravity.”可知,在太空進(jìn)行水晶泥實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了更好地了解水晶泥在微重力下的表現(xiàn)。故選D。23.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Microgravitymakesadifferencetomatters.B.Astronautsjointheslimeinspaceforscience.C.Kidsjointheslimesoastobecomeastronauts.D.Experimentsaredesignedwithslimyslime.【解析】選B。主旨大意題。第一段TheweekofMay11,astronautsaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)joinedtheslime.是全文的主題句,結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,文章主要圍繞宇航員把水晶泥帶入太空進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)以及這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)所帶來的意義。所以這篇文章最好的題目是“宇航員為了科學(xué)把水晶泥帶入太空”故選B。BMakingbeeronthemoonmightseemlikeapipedreamtomany,butforagroupofstudentsfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatSanDiego,thereisachancetotaketheirresearchbeyondEarth’ssurface.TheLab2Mooncompetition,heldbyTeamIndus,isofferingstudentsthechancetosecureaspotontheTeamIndusrocketthisyear.Takingcraftbeertothenextlevel,thestudentswanttotestwhetherit’spossibleforyeast(酵母)toworkandcreatebeeronthemoon.However,theybelievetheexperimentisnotjustacreativeconceptforastronauts,it’salsoimportantforthedevelopmentofdrugsandyeast-containingfood,likebread.“Theideastartedoutwithafewlaughsamongagroupoffriends,”saidNeekiAshari,afifth-yearbioengineeringstudentatUCSanDiego.“Weallappreciatethecraftofbeer.WhenweheardthattherewasanopportunitytodesignanexperimentthatwouldappearonIndia’smoonlander,wethoughtwecouldcombineourhobbywiththecompetitionbyfocusingonthepracticality(可行性)ofyeastinouterspace.”Thepreparationworkforthebeer—uptothestageofaddingyeast—willallbedoneonEarth,andratherthanseparatingthefermentation(發(fā)酵)andcarbonationstagesofmakingbeer,theteamplanstocombinethem.ThisremovestheneedtoreleaseCO2accumulatedintheprocess,whichmayresultincleanlinessandsafetyissuesoutinspace.Ifselected,TeamOriginalGravitywillbethefirsttomakebeerinouterspace,andthefermentationwilltakeplaceinavesselnobiggerthanasodacan.AllteamscompetingfortheplacewillshowcasetheirideasinBangalore,India.Sadly,youwon’tbeenjoyingmoonbeerinyourlocalcraftbeerbaranytimesoon,asnosampleswillbebroughtback.However,thissmallexperimentcouldprovideimportantdataonjusthowpracticalitisforustomakeandcreateourownresourcesonotherplanetsandmoonsbylearninghowconsumablesbehaveindifferentenvironments.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。由TeamIndus舉辦的Lab2Moon比賽有望讓學(xué)生在月球上釀造啤酒的夢(mèng)想得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。24.Howdidthestudentsfeelwhentheygotthechancetodesigntheexperiment?A.Excited.B.Nervous.C.Confident. D.Casual.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知,雖然在月球上釀造啤酒對(duì)于許多人來說是白日夢(mèng),但是對(duì)一群來自加州大學(xué)圣地亞哥分校的學(xué)生來說,他們有機(jī)會(huì)在地球以外開展他們的研究;又根據(jù)第四段中的“Weallappreciatethecraftofbeer...ofyeastinouterspace”可推知,他們有做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的機(jī)會(huì)時(shí)應(yīng)是興奮的,故A項(xiàng)正確。25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inParagraph6referto?A.Themixingoftwostages.B.AddingyeastonEarth.C.Thepreparation.D.Fermentationandcarbonation.【解析】選A。代詞指代題。根據(jù)第五段可知,該實(shí)驗(yàn)小組在準(zhǔn)備工作中計(jì)劃把發(fā)酵過程和碳化過程結(jié)合起來;結(jié)合第六段“ThisremovestheneedtoreleaseCO2accumulatedintheprocess,whichmayresultincleanlinessandsafetyissuesoutinspace”可知,這種準(zhǔn)備工作排除了在這個(gè)過程中釋放累積的二氧化碳的需要,這種需要可能導(dǎo)致外太空的清潔和安全問題。據(jù)此可推知,This指代兩個(gè)階段結(jié)合起來,故A項(xiàng)正確。26.Whatcanwelearnabouttheexperimentfromthepassage?A.Ithasbeendesignedbasedonsimilarexperiments.B.It’squitecompetitivecomparedwithotherdesigns.C.ItsdesignhasalreadybeenapprovedbyTeamIndus.D.Itsprocesswasadaptedtomakeitsaferandgreener.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段可知,這種準(zhǔn)備工作排除了在這個(gè)過程中釋放累積的二氧化碳的需要,這種需要可能導(dǎo)致外太空的清潔和安全問題;根據(jù)第七段可知,發(fā)酵過程將在一個(gè)不比蘇打罐大的容器中進(jìn)行。據(jù)此可推知,該實(shí)驗(yàn)過程經(jīng)過改造后,將更安全、環(huán)保,故D項(xiàng)正確。27.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthestudents’idea?A.Itseemslikeapipedream.B.It’sextremelycomplicated.C.It’smeaningfulandhopeful.D.It’screativebutimpractical.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段尾句可知,通過了解消耗品在不同環(huán)境中的反應(yīng),這個(gè)小實(shí)驗(yàn)可以提供重要的數(shù)據(jù),告訴我們?cè)谄渌行呛驮虑蛏现圃煳覀冏约旱馁Y源有多可行。據(jù)此可推知,這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)是有意義、有希望的,故C項(xiàng)正確。CAsweallknow,scienceisbloomingmorestronglythanever.Recently,NASAastronautScottKellyshowedaphotooftheorangezinnia(百日菊)onTwitter.Itisthefirstflowertoeverbloominspaceandhasattractedmuchattentionallovertheworld.Thismaybethemostexcitingnewsinthefieldofscience.Thezinniainthepictureissobeautifulandlookssimilartothatonearth.Kellycaredforitformorethanamonth.TheVeggieplantgrowthfacilitychosethezinniaflowerspeciesbecauseithasalongergrowthcycle.Asaresult,itcanhelpscientistsunderstandhowplantsfloweranddevelopinmicrogravity(微重力).“Whiletheplantshaven’tgrownperfectly,”saidGioiaMassa,NASAscienceteamleaderforVeggie,“Ithinkwehavegainedalotfromthis,andwearelearningbothmoreaboutplantsandfluidsandalsohowbettertooperatebetweengroundandthestation.”Thiswasnotthefirsttimethatscientistshadattemptedtogrowzinniainspace.OtherastronautsaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)begangrowingthecolorfulflowerslastyear.However,duetohighhumidity(濕度)andlowairmovementinspace,thezinnialeaked(滲透)wateroutofthetipsoftheleaves.Whatwasworse,thespreadofharmfulbacteriawasdestroyingitsgrowthbadly.Kellythentookovertheoperationandbegantakingcareofthezinniaashewouldinhisowngarden.TheISSalsosuccessfullygrewredromainelettuceinJuly2015.KellyeventookabiteoftheharvestedplantsandpostedthephotoonhisTwitter.NASA’snewexperimentusingtheVeggieplantgrowthsystemwillbestartedlater.AstronautswillattempttogrowChinesecabbages.Thespaceagencywillthenattempttogrowdwarftomatoesin2018.【文章大意】美國(guó)航天局宇航員在網(wǎng)上發(fā)了一張照片,展示了有史以來在太空中開放的首朵花——一支橙色的百日菊。28.Whydoesthezinniacausepublicconcern?A.Itisthefirstlifetobefoundinspace.B.Itisthefirstplanttoevergrowinspace.C.Itisthefirstzinniatoevergrowinspace.D.Itisthefirstflowertoeverbloominspace.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的Itisthefirstflowertoeverbloominspaceandhasattractedmuchattentionallovertheworld.可知,這張橙色百日菊照片展示的是在太空中開放的第一朵花,引起了世界關(guān)注。29.Whydidscientistschoosetogrowthezinnia?A.Itwaseasytogrow.B.Astronautslikeditmost.C.Otherplantsdiedinspace.D.Itlivedlongerthanotherflowers.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段的TheVeggieplantgrowthfacilitychosethezinniaflowerspeciesbecauseithasalongergrowthcycle.可知,之所以選中百日菊,是因?yàn)樗L(zhǎng)周期更長(zhǎng),科學(xué)家能有更多時(shí)間觀察植株在微重力狀態(tài)下的生長(zhǎng)情況。30.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Moreplantswillgrowinspace.B.Theconditionsinspacearegoodforplantgrowth.C.ScottKellyisn’texperiencedinplantingflowers.D.GioiaMassadoesn’tthinkmuchoftheexperiment.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。由最后一段的NASA’snewexperimentusingtheVeggieplantgrowthsystemwillbestartedlater.AstronautswillattempttogrowChinesecabbages.Thespaceagencywillthenattempttogrowdwarftomatoesin2018.可知未來將會(huì)有更多植物在太空生長(zhǎng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Longbeforewehadairplanes,peoplehadbeenexperimentingwithdifferentflyingmachines.Westillusesomeofthoseflyingmachinestoday.31

Hot-airballoonsandgliders(滑翔機(jī))useaircurrents(氣流)formovement.Hot-airballoonpilotscontroltheiraircraftbygoingupordownintoaircurrentsthatmovetheballoon.Thepilotcontrolstheballoon’smovementbyheatingtheairinsidetheballoon,orbyallowingittocoolnaturally.32Smallplanespullglidersalongarunwaytohelpthemtakeoff.Butonceintheair,glidersusethecurrents,notanengine,tomove.Theirlongwingsandstrongbodygiveridersasafe,smoothflight.33

Helicopters(直升機(jī))firstappearedduringWorldWarⅡ.Ahelicopterdoesn’thavewings,but,likeanairplane,ithasanenginethatmakesitsblades(螺旋槳)moveathighspeeds.Thisallowsthehelicoptertoriseintothesky.34Buthelicopterscanstayinoneplaceintheskyforalongtime.Todayhelicoptersaremostlyusedbymedicalteamsandthearmy.Butyoucanalsotakeahelicopterrideforfun.35

Sobeforeyournextaircraftride,rememberthatairplanesaren’ttheonlywaytofly.A.Anairplanehastokeepmoving.B.Glidersalsouseaircurrentstoriseandglide.C.Learningtoflyahelicopterisn’tasimpletask.D.Hot-airballoonsandglidersaremostoftenusedforfun.E.Somedependonairformovement,whileothersuseengines.F.Manytouristattractionsofferhelicopterridesforsightseeing.G.Everyflyingmachinehasitsownspecialcharacteristics,somegood,somenotsogood.【文章大意】本文是說明文,除了常見的飛機(jī),還有許多飛行器能帶人們飛上天空。31.【解析】選E。由下文可知,作者按照飛行器的飛行原理(靠氣流或引擎飛行)進(jìn)行了分類和介紹,因此E項(xiàng)符合語境。32.【解析】選B。本空之前的話題是hot-airballoons,之后的話題是gliders,因此本空起著引出新話題gliders的作用,B項(xiàng)符合要求。33.【解析】選D。第二段和第三段分別介紹了不同飛行器的飛行原理和主要用途,本空與第三段的最后一部分介紹直升機(jī)的主要用途相照應(yīng),應(yīng)介紹熱氣球和滑翔機(jī)的主要用途,故填D項(xiàng)。34.【解析】選A。上文介紹直升機(jī)與飛機(jī)的相同之處——靠引擎飛行,A項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與下文中的Buthelicopterscanstayinoneplaceintheskyforalongtime形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,介紹直升機(jī)和飛機(jī)的不同之處。35.【解析】選F。F項(xiàng)承接上文中的youcanalsotakeahelicopterrideforfun,說明許多景點(diǎn)提供乘坐直升機(jī)觀光的服務(wù)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Theotherday,myhusbandandItookthekidsfordinneratabranchofPizzaExpress.Therewasaveryfriendlylady36aloneatthenexttable.Whenthetimecameforhertopaythe37,herbankcardwasdeclined.Thewaitresstoldher,inaverykindway,thattherewasa38butthatshewouldcallhermanagerforhelp.Seeingthis,myhusband39gotupandtoldthewaitingstaffthatwewouldpayforthelady’smeal.40,whenthemanagerarrived,heexplainedtotheladythatalthoughshecouldn’tuseher41,therewasnoneedto42.PizzaExpressauthorizes(授權(quán))therestaurantto43twofreemealspermonthandonthis44,theywouldliketoprovideherwithafreemeal.

Shewasextremelygratefulandapologeticthatshehadbeen45topay.Wewererelievedthattheladyhadbeen46withdignityinsteadofbeingplacedina47position.

Then,themanager48ourtable.Hesaidthat,49wehadshownsuchgenerosity,hewouldliketodonatethesecondfreemealthattherestaurantwasableto50tous!Wewereabsolutely51!Ihadneverheardofanychainrestaurantbehavinginsucha(n)52way.Wewerequite53withgratitude.ImadesurethattheladywasabletogethomeOK,andthenwe54thestaffandleftourselves.Iwasreallyimpressedbyhowtherestauranthadtreatedthis55case.

【文章大意】作者和丈夫去餐館吃飯,看到有位女士就餐后無法刷卡買單,作者一家提出愿意幫她支付,結(jié)果餐館不但免除了那位女士的餐費(fèi),而且因?yàn)樽髡咭患胰说纳屏伎犊裁獬怂麄兊牟唾M(fèi)。作者一家既意外,又感動(dòng)。36.A.waiting B.dining C.ordering D.working【解析】選B。根據(jù)下文“wewouldpayforthelady’smeal”可知,此處表示作者看到有位女士一個(gè)人在“就餐(dining)”。37.A.menu B.recipe C.service D.bill【解析】選D。根據(jù)語境可知,在餐館里吃完飯后要買“單(bill)”。38.A.problem B.solutionC.disadvantage D.technique【解析】選A。根據(jù)上文“herbankcardwasdeclined”可知,那位女士用銀行卡支付時(shí)出現(xiàn)了“問題(problem)”。39.A.cautiously B.bravelyC.immediately D.slowly【解析】選C。作者的丈夫“馬上(immediately)”起身,提出愿意為那位女士買單。40.A.However B.FinallyC.Actually D.Therefore【解析】選A。由后面發(fā)生的事情可知,此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A。41.A.cash B.check C.phone D.card【解析】選D。根據(jù)上文“herbankcardwasdeclined”可知,那位女士的“銀行卡(card)”無法使用。42.A.pay B.help C.worry D.bother【解析】選C。結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知,此處表示餐館經(jīng)理安慰那位女士不必“擔(dān)心(worry)”。43.A.giveaway B.pickupC.letout D.takeon【解析】選A。根據(jù)下文中的“free”可知,此處表示免費(fèi)“贈(zèng)送”。44.A.condition B.occasionC.moment D.demand【解析】選B。onthisoccasion意為“在這種情況下”。45.A.ready B.likelyC.unable D.unwilling【解析】選C。根據(jù)語境可知,女士既感激又因自己“未能(unable)”付款而覺得不好意思。46.A.appreciated B.encouragedC.treated D.pleased【解析】選C??吹讲宛^這樣“對(duì)待(treated)”那位女士,作者和丈夫感到欣慰。47.A.dangerous B.pleasantC.painful D.difficult【解析】選D。餐館顧及了那位女士的自尊,沒有讓她處于“難堪的(difficult)”境地。48.A.approached B.removedC.noticed D.cleaned【解析】選A。根據(jù)后面故事的發(fā)展,餐館經(jīng)理向作者一家所在的飯桌“走過來(approached)”。49.A.if B.after C.as D.when【解析】選C。as表示原因。由下文可知正因?yàn)?as)作者一家愿意替那位女士付款的大方,經(jīng)理表示,餐館愿意把第二個(gè)免費(fèi)就餐的機(jī)會(huì)“提供(offer)”給作者一家。50.A.share B.offer C.spare D.cover【解析】選B。參見上題解析。51.A.annoyed B.astonishedC.interested D.confused【解析】選B。由上文可知,作者一家對(duì)此感到非常意外和“吃驚(astonished)”。52.A.strange B.awkwardC.abnormal D.generous【解析】選D。作者以前從未聽說過任何一家連鎖餐館有過這種“慷慨大方”的舉止。53.A.filled B.equippedC.supplied D.burdened【解析】選A。作者一家對(duì)餐館的表現(xiàn)“充滿了(filled)”感激。54.A.praised B.metC.greeted D.thanked【解析】選D。在離開餐館之前,作者一家對(duì)餐館員工表達(dá)了“感謝(thanked)”。55.A.unique B.regularC.special D.complex【解析】選C。餐館對(duì)這種“特殊”情況的處理方式給作者留下了非常深刻的印象。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2020·哈爾濱高一檢測(cè))AstronautsontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)havefixedaholeintheshellofitsouterwall.TheISSisalargesatelliteinspace56.scientistslivetodoscientificexperiments.Thefirstpartofit57.(put)intospacein1998.Lastweek,NASAwarnedastronautsontheISSthatairwas58.(slow)leakingoutofthestation.AstronautAlexanderGerstandfiveotherastronautsspentalotoftime59.(look)fortheleak.MrGersteventuallyfounditandheputhisfingeroverthehole.Luckily,theholewasonlytwomillimeterswide,soitwasnotserious,butitdidneed60.(fix).

TheholewasinaRussianSoyuzMS-09spacecraft.NASAsaiditcouldhavebeencaused61.asmallpieceofspacejunk.TheISStravelsat62.speedofaround28,000kph.Evenatinyobject63.(hit)itcancausealotofdamage.Flight64.(control)intheUSAandRussiaworkedtogetherwiththecrewtorepairthehole.

ANASAofficialsaidthecrewontheISSare65.(health)andsafeaftertherepair.【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局警告國(guó)際空間站上的宇航員,空氣正緩慢地從空間站泄漏出來。美國(guó)和俄羅斯的飛行控制人員與機(jī)組人員一起修復(fù)了這個(gè)洞。56.【解析】where??疾槎ㄕZ從句。scientistslivetodoscientificexperiments.是一個(gè)定語從句,修飾先行詞alargesatellite,關(guān)系詞where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。

57.【解析】wasput??疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。描述發(fā)生在過去的事情,用一般過去時(shí);“它的第一部分”和“送入太空”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用被動(dòng)語態(tài),所以填wasput。58.【解析】slowly??疾楦痹~。句意:上周,美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局警告國(guó)際空間站上的宇航員,空氣正緩慢地從空間站泄漏出來。修飾動(dòng)詞短語leakingout,用副詞,所以填slowly。59.【解析】looking??疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。spendsometime(in)doingsth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事,該句型是固定句型,所以填looking。60.【解析】fixing/tobefixed。考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。needdoing=needtobedone意為“需要做某事”,該用法是固定用法,所以填fixing/tobefixed。61.【解析】by??疾榻樵~。表示“由……造成”用by。62.【解析】a??疾楣潭ǘ陶Z。ataspeedof意為“以……的速度”,該短語是固定短語。63.【解析】hitting??疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。句意:即使是一個(gè)很小的物體擊中它也會(huì)造成很大的傷害。(hit)it作定語,修飾atinyobject,“一個(gè)很小的物體”和“擊中”之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語,所以填hitting。

64.【解析】controllers??疾槊~復(fù)數(shù)。句意:美國(guó)和俄羅斯的飛行控制人員與機(jī)組人員一起修復(fù)了這個(gè)洞。該空作句子主語,用名詞,“控制人員”是復(fù)數(shù)意義,用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。65.【解析】healthy??疾樾稳菰~。句意:美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局的一名官員說,國(guó)際空間站上的工作人員在修復(fù)了洞之后是健康且安全的。作be動(dòng)詞后的表語,用形容詞。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)假定你是李華,你的英國(guó)朋友Eric來信詢問你校即將舉行的英語辯論賽的相關(guān)情況。請(qǐng)你給他寫一封回信,內(nèi)容包括:1.辯論賽的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn);2.辯論賽的主題:航天探索是否值得;3.獎(jiǎng)品設(shè)置。注意:1.詞數(shù)80個(gè)左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫?!緟⒖挤段摹緿earEric,I’mgladtotellyouabouttheEnglishdebatecompetition,whichwillbeheldinmyschool.Herearesomedetailsforyou.ThecompetitionwilltakeplacenextFridayafternoonintheschoolhall.Itwilllasttwohours.Allthecompetitorsselectedfromeveryclassmustgivetheiropinionsandtaketurnstodebateonthetopicofwhetherspaceexplorationisworthwhile.Ithinktheawardswillsurpriseyou.ThechampiondebaterwillhavetheopportunitytovisittheSpaceMuseum.Besides,anotherthreeexcellentdebaterschosenfromeverygroupwillreceiveamysteriousprize.Arethereanywonderfulcompetitionsinyourschool?Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫(滿分25分)閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫,使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。(2020·上海高一檢測(cè))Duringlunchtime,Emmasuggestedgoingtothezootofeedtheanimalsandhermomagreed.

“We’llstopbythebakeryandpicksomebreadup.Nowhurryandeatandthenwe’llgo.It’sgoingtobealovelyday.Grandmaiscomingwithus.She’llbehereanyminute,”momsaid.

Emmaateherlunchandthenranintoherroomtogethershoes.Theproblemwasthatshecouldonlyfindoneofthem.Shelookedunderherbed,butallshecouldseeweredirtytowelsandpants.Shemovedsomeofhertoysoutofthewa

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